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패스트푸드 레스토랑 고객들의 서비스 기대 차이 및 수용 가능한 서비스 대기시간에 대한 연구
야드마니테파논(Tepanon Yodmanee),박근순(Kun Soon Park),현성협(Sung Hyup Hyun) 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2013 호텔경영학연구 Vol.22 No.1
The discussion about patrons` expected and acceptable wait time has been in the spotlight in the restaurant management research. The purpose of the study is to examine the differences between American and Thai with regards to the expectations and the acceptable wait time of fast-food restaurants service. First of all, service quality literature was thoroughly reviewed. Then, based on Hofstede`s cultural dimensions, potential cultural differences between America and Thai were proposed, thus hypothesized. To empirically test the hypothesized argument, data was collected from 151 US fast-food consumers and 160 Thai consumers. In total, 311 samples were used for the data analysis. The independent sample t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test were conducted respectively. The results show that even though the service expectations were fairly similar between both groups, Americans and Thai, cultural differences still played an important role in shaping the service expectations of customers. Also, there is a significant difference of the acceptable wait time for the entire order transaction at a fast-food restaurant. Also, Thai expected the shorter wait time than Americans for the entire order transaction at a fast food restaurant. Therefore, international franchising restaurant companies should reduce wait time in the collectivism-oriented countries. Based on the findings, the theoretical and empirical implications were discussed. The findings provide new insights into cross-national comparison study in the food service area. Also, it is expected that restaurant managers can have practical guideline in the management of expected/acceptable wait time.
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김언조 중앙대학교 외국학연구소 2023 외국학연구 Vol.- No.63
This study aims to determine whether there is a difference in critical thinking ability between Western and Korean L2 students and, based on this, to investigate whether cultural factors are related to L2 students’ critical thinking ability. The participants were 45 Korean EFL students from Gyeonggi-do, Korea, and 42 Western L2 students who came to London, England, for language training during vacation. They were surveyed with questionnaires to evaluate their critical thinking ability and their concept of cultural factors: power distance index (PDI), individualism versus collectivism for interaction mode (IDV), masculinity versus femininity for gender (MAS), uncertainty avoidance index (UAI), long-term orientation versus short-term normative orientation for time orientation (LTO), and indulgence versus restraint for self-control mode (VR). Western L2 students scored higher than Korean L2 students in the Watson–Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA). The WGCTA was positively correlated with English reading scores and cultural factors, with a moderate positive association of similar reading scores between the two groups. PDI and UAI were found to be correlated to critical thinking ability. The results of Korean samples, which adequately fit the data, suggest that PDI and UAI may influence critical thinking skills. These findings imply that cultural factors (power distance and uncertainty avoidance) influence critical thinking skills. However, the indirect effects of the two factors are not identical.
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