Therapeutic effect of Cnidium officinale Makino extract on ovariectomized hind-limb ischemic mice

양현,Dong Ho Jung,Hye-Won Lee 한국한의학연구원 2019 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.8 No.2

Background: Cnidium officinale Makino (COM) has been used traditionally to treat female menstrual disorders, such as amenorrhea, hypomenorrhea and oligomenorrhea, by improving blood circulation. The present study aimed to investigate the alleviating effect of COM extracts on surgical injuryinduced ischemia in the hind-limb of mice. Methods: In this study, female C57BL/6 mice were ovariectomized, and the vessels of the hind-limb were excised after ligation by surgical silk (6–0). The mice were orally administered with COM (150 or 300 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks, and the blood flow rate of hind-limbs was evaluated by using a laser Doppler system after hind-limb ischemic surgery in an in vivo study. Additionally, the migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated in an in vitro study. Results: The blood flow rate was synchronized to the nonischemic lesion of the hind-limb, and its elevation compared to the vehicle was observed at 14 and 21 days after hind-limb ischemic surgery in COM-treated groups. The number of capillaries increase in a dose-dependent manner in the COM-treated groups (150 and 300 mg/kg). In HUVECs, the activities of cell migration were significantly increased by 50 and 75 μg/mL for the COM-treated groups. In addition, the number of tubule branches and junctions was also increased by doses of COM (50 and/or 75 μg/mL). Conclusion: The results of our study suggested that the COM extract may have therapeutic application for the treatment of hind-limb ischemic damage, which is due to the improvement of the peripheral angiogenetic system.

Nailbed Epithelial Inclusion Cysts in Two Dogs

한정희,장성환,김재훈 한국임상수의학회 2017 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.34 No.1

A 5-year-old, 6.2 kg male mixed dog was presented to local animal hospital with a 6-month history of swelling, pain, inflammation, and lameness in the 5th digit of right hind limb. And a 7-year-old, 2.7 kg male Maltese dog was also presented to animal hospital with a 2-month history of nail deformities in the 5th digit of left hind limb. Abnormal growth or degeneration of the distal phalanges was observed at the 5th digit of hind limb in two dogs using radiographic examination. The masses in the digit were excised completely under local anesthesia. On histological examination of the digit masses, large well-circumscribed, unencapsulated round or irregular cystic neoplasms with/ without inflammation were occupied in or adjacent area of the distal phalanx. These cysts were lined by stratified squamous epithelium that occasionally had a prominent granular cell layer. Based on the history, clinical signs, radiographic, gross and histopathologic features, these cases were diagnosed as nailbed epithelial inclusion cysts in the digit of dogs.

실험연구 : 생쥐(Mice)에서 하지무부하가 심혈관계 기능에 미치는 영향

이영복 ( Young Bok Lee ),박종택 ( Jong Taek Park ),임현교 ( Hyun Kyo Lim ),최재찬 ( Jae Chan Choi ),김순열 ( Soon Yul Kim ),조준현 ( Jun Hyun Cho ),이광호 ( Kwang Ho Lee ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.53 No.2

Background: Orthostatic intolerance is a debilitating problem that can occur after prolonged bed-rest, exposure to microgravity, and in the elderly. This study examined the integrated cardiovascular response to baroreceptor activation in a hind-limb unweighing (HLU) mouse model of microgravity to test the hypothesis that both the pressor and contractility response are attenuated in HLU mice. Methods: C57BL/6 mice (25-30 g body wt, 8-10 wk old) were exposed to HLU for 2 weeks. A bilateral carotid artery occlusion and open-loop baroreceptor stimulus was performed to measure the myocardial contractile responses using a left ventricular micromanometer-conductance catheter in the mice. In isolated myocytes simultaneous sarcomere shortening and calcium transient were measured in response to increasing concentrations of the β-agonist isoproterenol. Results: In the controls, bilateral carotid artery occlusion increased the heart rate and mean arterial pressure. These responses were markedly attenuated in the HLU mice. A bilateral carotid artery occlusion also increased the slope of the end-systolic pressure volume relationship (Ees) by 70 ± 11% and the slope was markedly attenuated to 10 ± 8% in the HLU mice. Isoproterenol increased the sarcomere shortening in both control and HLU mice in a dose-dependent manner. However the contractile response to isoproterenol was significantly attenuated in the HLU mice than the controls. Conclusions: Both the pressor and myocardial contractile responses appear to be impaired in a mouse model of microgravity. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 53: 222~8)

Idiopathic Arterial Thromboembolism (ATE) in a Turkish Angora Cat

한성국,김정현,정순욱,박희명 한국임상수의학회 2008 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

A 2-year-old, female, Turkish Angora cat was presented due to hindlimb paralysis with 2-day history of vomiting and depression. Physical examination revealed weak femoral pulse and cyanotic footpads of hind limbs. Chest auscultation, thoracic radiography, and electrocardiogram were no remarkable. Abdominal ultrasonography showed suspected hyperechoic thrombus in abdominal aorta. Underlying causes of the arterial thromboembolism were not found on multiple diagnostic examinations and the cat was diagnosed as idiopathic saddle thromboembolism. Despite 4-week regimen with heparin sodium, aspirin, and diltiazem, the hind limbs were progressively and irreversibly necrotized. Therefore, coxofemoral amputation was performed. After surgery, the clinical condition of this cat returned to normal without further complications.

CD34 Hybrid Cells Promote Endothelial Colony-Forming Cell Bioactivity and Therapeutic Potential for Ischemic Diseases

Lee, Jun Hee,Lee, Sang Hun,Yoo, So Young,Asahara, Takayuki,Kwon, Sang Mo American Heart Association, Inc. 2013 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol.33 No.7

<P><B>Objective—</B></P><P>Although endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to promote neovessel formation during vascular injury, the function of supporting cells of EPCs and their interaction with EPCs during EPC isolation remain unclear.</P><P><B>Approach and Results—</B></P><P>We investigated the functional properties of 2 types of EPCs, also known as endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), CD34<SUP>−</SUP>/CD34<SUP>+</SUP> cell–derived ECFCs (hybrid-dECFCs) and CD34<SUP>+</SUP> cell–derived ECFCs (stem-dECFCs), isolated using different methods, to elucidate the role of CD34<SUP>−</SUP> cell populations as cell-supporting niches. Using EPC colony-forming and insert coculture assays, we found that CD34<SUP>−</SUP> accessory cells dynamically modulate hematopoietic stem cell–derived endothelial cell progenitor commitment via angiogenic cytokines secreted by CD34<SUP>−</SUP>/CD11b<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages. On the basis of these findings, we isolated 2 types of ECFCs and investigated their bioactivities. We found that stem-dECFCs showed remarkably retarded cell growth, enhanced senescence, and decreased characteristics of ECFCs, whereas hybrid-dECFCs showed greater proliferative properties but delayed senescence. In a murine hind-limb ischemia model, hybrid-dECFCs showed significantly enhanced blood perfusion, capillary density, transplanted cell survival and proliferation, and angiogenic cytokine secretion compared with stem-dECFCs. In particular, the migratory capacity of hybrid-dECFCs was significantly enhanced, in part mediated via an augmented phosphorylation cascade of focal adhesion kinase and Src, resulting in a highly increased incorporation capacity of hybrid-dECFCs compared with stem-dECFCs. CD34<SUP>−</SUP> accessory cells of hybrid-dECFCs might be niche-supporting cells that facilitate cell survival, increase the secretion of angiogenic cytokines, and increase incorporation.</P><P><B>Conclusions—</B></P><P>This study provided important insight into blood vessel formation and repair in ischemic diseases for ECFC-based cell therapy.</P>

골든 햄스터의 자연발생 골격 이상 돌연변이

최돈찬 용인대학교 자연과학연구소 2011 自然科學硏究所論文誌 Vol.16 No.1

The limb skeleton of vertebrates develops from the limb buds. The skeletons are initially laid down as cartilaginous elements and then become ossified. The cartilage is replaced by bone, via a process known as endochondral ossification. The ossification starts in the centers of the bones and spreads outward. Then ossification centers develop at each end of the bone, elongating the bone. The bones thus have a bony shaft with cartilage confined to the articulating surface at each end, and to two internal regions near each end, the growth plate. The growth of the bone occurs by way of the proliferation, maturation, and hypertrophy of chondrocytes and osteoblasts which differentiates into osteocytes. Golden hamsters(Syrian hamsters) are small mammals whose sizes are intermediate between mice and rats. They inhabit in a temperate region and reproduce in a limited time of a year around summer season. Their sexual activities are regressed at winter during which environmental conditions are severe to them. The reproductive activities of these seasonal breeding animals are determined by the length of light in a day(photoperiod). The circumstance can be simulated for rearing by regulating the timer of electrical power in animal facility. The hamsters have served as experimental animals and pretty pets, which are a wild type with short/brown color of hairs and a white band around the front limb, respectively. The annual reproductive cycles are simulated in the animal facility. Among the golden hamsters reared for more than 20 years, the unanticipated mutations were witnessed from a dam. Some of the litters have defects with the naked eyes on one hind limb without autopod(phalanges), regardless of sex, and they are designated as novel mutants. The mutants had phenotypically normal father and mother. The skeletal characteristics of the mutants are reported here.

Human Peripheral Blood-Derived CD31⁺Cells Have Robust Angiogenic and Vasculogenic Properties and Are Effective for Treating Ischemic Vascular Disease

Kim, S.W.,Kim, H.,Cho, H.J.,Lee, J.U.,Levit, R.,Yoon, Y.s. Elsevier Biomedical 2010 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY - Vol.56 No.7

Objectives: This study aimed to determine if CD31 is a novel marker of a circulating angio-vasculogenic cell population and to establish the cells' therapeutic effects on experimental ischemia. Background: Emerging evidence suggested that therapeutic mechanisms underlying various bone marrow-derived cells are due to paracrine effects. Furthermore, the vasculogenic potential of these cells is under debate. CD31 is a well-known marker for endothelial cells but is also expressed in a fraction of peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells. Methods: CD31<SUP>+</SUP>cells were isolated from human PB by magnetic-activated cell sorting. The gene expression profile was examined by deoxyribonucleic acid microarray and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Various in vitro endothelial differentiation or vasculogenic assays were conducted. Finally, cells were directly implanted into a mouse hind limb ischemia model to test angiogenic-vasculogenic and therapeutic effects. Results: Fluorescent-activated cell sorter analysis revealed that PB-CD31<SUP>+</SUP>cells exhibited endothelial and hematopoietic stem/progenitor markers. CD31<SUP>+</SUP>cells had higher levels of expression of proangiogenic genes on microarray and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and generated higher numbers of endothelial progenitor cells than CD31<SUP>-</SUP>cells did. CD31<SUP>+</SUP>cells spontaneously formed vascular tubelike structures and exhibited an endothelial cell phenotype in vitro. In a hind limb ischemia model, CD31<SUP>+</SUP>cell transplantation augmented blood perfusion and prevented limb loss. Both angiogenic cytokines and capillary density were increased, suggesting CD31<SUP>+</SUP>cells augmented neovascularization. Conclusions: CD31 is a novel marker that designates circulating angiogenic and vasculogenic cells. These cells are easily isolated from human PB and thus are a novel candidate for treatment of ischemic cardiovascular disease.

Optimization for The Practical USE of Angiocluster<SUP>tm</SUP> on Therapeutic Angiogenesis in Hind Limb ischemia

Dokyun KIM,Thanavel RAJANGAM,Jung-Mi KANG,Seung Ja OH,Sang-Heon KIM 한국생물공학회 2017 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.4

Ischemic injury recovery using BM-derived progenitor cells and mESCs

LEE, Sae-Won(이세원) 한국실험동물학회 2013 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.2

Tail suspension is useful as a sarcopenia model in rats

Nemoto Akira,Goyagi Toru 한국실험동물학회 2021 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.37 No.1

Sarcopenia promotes skeletal muscle atrophy and exhibits a high mortality rate. Its elucidation is of the highest clinical importance, but an animal experimental model remains controversial. In this study, we investigated a simple method for studying sarcopenia in rats.Muscle atrophy was investigated in 24-week-old, male, tail-suspended (TS), Sprague Dawley and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Age-matched SD rats were used as a control group. The skeletal muscle mass weight, muscle contraction, whole body tension (WBT), cross-sectional area (CSA), and Muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF-1) were assessed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the MuRF-1 levels. Two muscles, the extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles, were selected for representing fast and slow muscles, respectively. All data, except CSA, were analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance, whereas CSA was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Muscle mass weight, muscle contraction, WBT, and CSA were significantly lower in the SHR ( n = 7) and TS ( n = 7) groups than in the control group, whereas MuRF-1 expression was dominant. TS and SHR presented sarcopenic phenotypes in terms of muscle mass, muscle contraction and CSA. TS is a useful technique for providing muscle mass atrophy and weakness in an experimental model of sarcopenia in rats.