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배전급 피뢰기용 ZnO 바리스터 소자의 미세구조 및 서지 특성에 관한 연구
김석수,조한구,박태곤,박춘현,정세영,김병규 한국전기전자재료학회 2002 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.15 No.2
In this thesis, ZnO varistors with various formulation, such as A∼E, were fabricated according to ceramic fabrication method. The microstructure, electrical properties, and surge characteristics of ZnO varistors were investigated according to ZnO varistors with various formulation. In the microstructure, A∼E\`s ZnO varistor ceramics sintered at 1130$\^{C}$ was consisted of ZnO grain(ZnO), spinel phase (Zn$\_$2.33/Sb$\_$0.67/O$\_$4/), Bi-rich phase(Bi$_2$O$_3$) and intergranuler phase, wholly. Lightning impulse residual voltage of A, B, C and E\`s ZnO varistors suited standard characteristics, below 12kV at current of 5kA. On the contrary, D\`s ZnO varistor exhibited high residual voltage as high reference voltage. In the accelerated aging test, leakage current and watt loss of B, C and D\`s ZnO varistors increases abruptly with stress time under the first a.c. stress(115$\^{C}$/3.213kV/300h). Consequently, C varistor exhibited a thermal run away. On the contrary, leakage current and watt loss of A and C\`s ZnO varistors which show low initial leakage current exhibited constant characteristics. After high current impulse test, A\`s ZnO varistor has broken the side of varistor but impulse current flowed. On the contrary, E\`s ZnO Varistor exhibited good discharge characteristics which the appearance of varistor was not wrong such as puncture, flashover, creaking and other significant damage. After long duration impulse current test, E\`s ZnO varistor exhibited good discharge characteristics which the appearance of varistor was not wrong such as puncture, flashover, creaking and other significant damage. After high current impulse test and long duration impulse current test, E\`s ZnO varistor exhibited very good characteristics which variation rate of residual voltage is 1.4% before and after test.
소결 조건 변화에 따른 직류 피뢰기용 ZnO 바리스터의 미세구조 및 전기적 성질에 관한 연구
김석수,최익순,박태곤,조이곤,박춘현,Kim, Seok-Sou,Choi, Ike-Sun,Park, Tae-Gon,Cho, I-Gon,Park, Choon-Hyun 한국전기전자재료학회 2004 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.17 No.6
The microstructure and electrical characteristics of A ∼ C's ZnO varistors fabricated according to variable sintering condition, which sintering temperature was 1130 $^{\circ}C$ and speeds of pusher were A: 2 mm/min, B: 4 mm/min, C: 6 mm/min, respectively, were investigated. The experimental results obtained from this study were summarized as follows: The sintering density of A ∼C's ZnO varistors sintered at 1130 $^{\circ}C$ were decreased by sintering keep time to shorten, such as A: 9hour, B: 4.5hour and C: 3hour. A's ZnO varistor exhibited good densification nearly 98 % of theory density. In the microstructure, A∼C's ZnO varistors fabricated variable sintering condition was consisted of ZnO grain(ZnO), spinel phase(Z $n_{2.33}$S $b_{0.67}$ $O_4$), Bi-rich phasc(B $i_2$ $O_3$), wholly. Varistor voltage of A∼C's ZnO varistors sintered at 1130 $^{\circ}C$ increased in order A <B <C's ZnO varistors. C's ZnO varistor exhibited good characteristics that nonlinear exponent was 31.70. Leakage current of A ∼ C's ZnO varistors exhibited below 2 ㎃ at rated voltage. Lightning impulse residual voltage of A's ZnO varistor suited standard characteristics, which was 3.85kV at 2.5kA, 4.4 kV at 5kA and 5.16 kV at 10 kA. After continuous lightning impulse current test of A's ZnO varistor exhibited good discharge characteristics which ZnO varistor reveals no evidence of puncture, flashover, cracking in visual examination. After high current impulse test of A's ZnO varistor exhibited good discharge characteristics, which variation rate of residual voltage was 0.4 % before and after test, and revealed no evidence. evidence.