주희(朱熹)의 양생을 위한 호흡법

심혜경,윤미라 한국체육철학회 2014 움직임의철학 : 한국체육철학회지 Vol.22 No.4

The purpose of this study is the essential contemplation on the respiration method as a life-nurturing (養生) method for health by studying the respiration theory in the Tiaoxizhen (調息箴) authored by Zhuxi (朱熹), a theorist and thinker during the South Song (南宋) period. In Tiaoxizhen, Zhuxi theorizes the life activity of body and mind by respiration. This respiration theory has the historical significance big enough to be included in the ‘Jujiabiyongshilei’ (居家必用事類, an essential encyclopedia to be kept at home). In the Tiaoxizhen, Zhuxi explains respiration as a practice beyond the dimension of mind (心). Pranayama, which is a respiration method in yoga of India, is one of the two greatest systematic respiration methods together with the respiration method in China. Pranayama had been introduced into China in B.C. and became the origin of ‘tiaoxi’ (調息, controlled respiration while sitting still) in China. Meanwhile, Pranayama also had exchange with the respiration method in Taoism as a respiration method for life-nurturing. In Korea, the ‘Samilsingo’ is a unique Korean training method on mind and body; while the ‘tiaoxi’ respiration method can be also found in the ‘hwarang’ (花郞) system during the Shilla (新羅) period. This study explores the respiration method of Zhuxi, who established neo-Confucianism during Sung period, and the introduction process of respiration method in relation to Chinese medicine, Confucianism, Buddhism and Zen-Buddhism. It is hoped that this study would become an opportunity to find the modern value of the respiration method for the health of body and mind. 본 연구는 주희(朱熹)의「조식잠(調息箴)」호흡론을 통해 건강을 위한 양생법으로서의 호흡법에 대해 고찰해 봄으로서 호흡의 근원적 배경을 통한 양생호흡법을 알아보고 그에 따른 현대적 의의를 고찰해 보는데 목적이 있다. 중국 남송시대의 사상가 주희(朱熹)는 그의 저서『주문공문집(朱文公文集)』권85,「조식잠(調息箴)」에서의 호흡론을 통해 호흡에 대한 심신의 생명활동을 말하고 있는데, 이는 유·불·도를 아우르는 고대의 호흡법을 융합하여 글로써 구체화 한 것으로 『거가필용사류(居家必用事類)』의 사전에도 수록될 정도로 사적인 의의가 크다고 볼 수 있다.‘조식(調息)’은 있는 그대로의 숨을 조절하는 것인데, 중국 불교사에서 최초로 좌선의 법식을 확립했다고 일컬어지는 수대(隋代) 천태지의(天台智顗)는『천태소지관(天台小止觀)』에서 선정에 이르는 공부로서‘조식(調食)’,‘조수면(調睡眠)’,‘조신(調身)’,‘조식(調息)’,‘조신(調心)’의 다섯 가지 수양 단계를 설정하고‘조식(調息)’에 관해서도 상세하게 설명하고 있으며, 주희는 이러한 호흡법을 통해 몸과 마음의 양생의 효과를 거두고자 했다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이와같이 호흡은 생명사상의 근원임과 동시에 건강양생법으로 가장 기본으로 중시 되고 있으며, 동양과 서양에서는 호흡법을 이용한 다양한 형태의 건강 체조와 운동법이 각광 받고 있다. 현재 서양의 주목을 받고 있는 요가, 태극권, 선법(禪法) 등도 호흡법 중심의 대중적인 건강양생법이라고 할 수 있다.

U-Health Care 환경에서 호흡측정을 위한 PPG 최적필터기술

김종화(Jonghwa Kim),황민철(Mincheol Whang),남기창(Kichang Nam) 대한인간공학회 2008 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

This research is to develop PPG filtering method for respiration measurement in U-Health Care system. Respiration rate was determined by filtering PPG and analyzing its spectrum. Optimal filter of PPG has been selected to get respiration by testing 120 sets of experiment data using 700 filtering cases. As a result, 2nd order Bessel-filter that used band-pass cutoff frequency at 0.175~0.4Hz with second order was good at developing respiration signal. Respiration signal in time domain could be continuously analyzed by converting frequency domain using spectrum analysis. 24 seconds has been found to be optimal time duration of collecting PPG data for determining respiration. Therefore, this study was successful of getting not only heart activity but also respiration by only PPG. Minimal invasive measurement obtaining multi-bio information by one sensor can be expected to apply to U-Health Care and human computer interaction.

보건관리자의 호흡보호구 관련 직무특성과 직무만족이 호흡보호구 인식도에 미치는 영향

정미경,어원석,김병직,이진희 (사)한국직업건강간호협회 2024 직업건강연구 Vol.6 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of health managers' respirator-related job characteristics and job satisfaction on respirator recognition. Methods : The subjects of research and analysis were 203 health care managers working throughout the country, and the data were collected using Google forms from May 1, 2023 to May 10, 2023. The data analysis was performed using t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 23.0. Results : Factors affecting the subject's recognition of respirators were job satisfaction(t=2.55, p=.012), participation in safety and health education instructors (t=-3.13, p=.002), and participation in selecting suitable protective equipment( t=2.49, p=.013), and suitablility for the respirator fit was tested(t=-1.34, p=.040)(F=5.10, p=<.001). Conclusion : In workplaces where respirators are used, it is necessary to support the legal work of health managers and increase job satisfaction, and efforts are needed to increase recognition of respirators. In addition, for workers' health management, respirator fit tests must be conducted to raise health managers' recognition of respirators and create a safety and health environment at the workplace.

홀리스틱적 기반을 둔 명상호흡법이 정신건강 및 스트레스 수준에 미치는 효과

김지수,이승범 한국홀리스틱융합교육학회 2009 홀리스틱융합교육연구 Vol.13 No.3

영성교육에서 영성이란 영(spiritus)과 영혼(anima)에 관한 서구적 개념으로 영성생활의 경로에 이르기 위해서는 지적 설교보다는, 작은 형태의 명상적 분위기에 젖어들게 하고, 감정세계가 우주에 열리도록 하고, 예술에 호소하거나 자연 세계로 이끄는 등의 특유한 방법들이 있다. 이중에서 명상은 자기 내면의 세계의 깊이를 체험케 한다는 점과 지식 교육적으로 넘을 수 없는 한계를 극복할 수 있다는 점에서 교육적 의의가 있다. 이 연구는 10주간의 명상호흡법이 정신건강과 스트레스 수준에 영향을 미치는지를 알아보기 위하여 30명을 대상으로 실험집단과 통제집단으로 나누어 실시하였다. 자료분석은 집단별 및 시기별 차이를 알아보기 위하여 반복측정에 의한 이원변량분산분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA)을 이용하였고, 각 항목별 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였으며, 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정신건강 상태를 파악하기 위해 신체화․강박증․대인예민성․우울증․불안․적대감․공포불안․편집증․정신증 등의 9가지 요소 중 신체화, 우울, 편집증 등에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 스트레스 수준을 파악하기 위해 ACTH와 Cortisol 호르몬, 스트레스 반응성 등을 측정한 결과 스트레스 반응성에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결론을 보면 단기간의 명상호흡법이 심리적인 정신상태 및 스트레스 반응성에 긍정적인 효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 통하여 명상이 개인의 건강하지 않는 정신적 자질을 억제하며, 건강한 자질을 개발하고 강화한다는 점을 재확인할 수 있었으며, 누구나 자기 안에 있는 치유력이 발휘될 수 있음을 검증한 것이라고 할 수 있다. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of meditation-respiration on mental health, stress levels under holistic foundations. The subjects of this study were totally 30 (15 in the experimental group, 15 in the control group). The experimental group was provided with 3 times per week of meditation-respiration for 10 week periods each of which was taken 35 minutes. They were assessed for somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, ACTH hormone, cortisol hormone, stress response throughout pre-post testing in both the meditation- respiration group and the control group. The collected data were analyzed by repeated two-way ANOVA. The result indicated that. The somatization, depression and paranoid ideation decreased among mental health facts in meditation-respiration group and were significant difference. The ACTH hormone, cortisol hormone decreased among stress level facts in meditation-respiration group and were no significant difference. The stress response decreased among stress level facts in meditation-respiration group and were significant difference. In summary, This results suggest that meditation-respiration may have benefit on mental health and stress level partly. But The research founded no connection between mental health and stress levels in the holistic education. So more widespread study about meditation-respiration and holistic education must be followed.

Occupational Health Management in the Lead Industry: The Korean Experience

Lee, Byung-Kook Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2011 Safety and health at work Vol.2 No.2

In 1967, the problem of occupational lead exposure came to public attention in Korea. Since then, regular progress has been made in lowering workplace lead exposures, instituting new workplace controls, and implementing health examinations of exposed workers. Past serious lead poisoning episodes made it possible to introduce biological monitoring programs on a voluntary basis in high-lead-exposure facilities in Korea. Industry-specific occupational health services for lead workers in Korea during the last 22 years can be categorized into three phases. During the first phase (1988-1993), efforts were directed at increasing awareness among workers about the hazards of lead exposure, biological monitoring of blood zinc protoporphyrin began, and a respiratory protection program was introduced. During the second phase (1994-1997), a computerized health management system for lead workers was developed, blood-lead measurement was added to biologic monitoring, and engineering controls were introduced in the workplace to lower air-lead levels to comply with air-lead regulations. Finally, during the third phase (1998-present), a new biomarker, bone-lead measurement by X-ray fluorescence, was introduced. Bone-lead measurement proved to be useful for assessing body burden and to demonstrate past lead exposure in retired workers. Occupational health service practice for lead workers, including the industry-specific group occupational health system, has brought considerable success in the prevention of lead poisoning and in reducing the lead burden in Korean lead workers during the last several decades. The successful achievement of prevention of lead poisoning in Korea was a result of the combined efforts of lead workers, employers, relevant government agencies, and academic institutes.

호흡에 의한 치료적 한국무용 움직임(기무) 개발 연구

봉정민 ( Jung Min Bong ),윤미라 ( Mi Ra Yoon ) 대한무용학회 2021 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.79 No.1

In modern society, as interest in exercise replacement therapy for well-being and health increased, research on health respiration and breathing methods and various exercise replacement therapies began to emerge. Therefore, I intend to develop and present a technique as a way to breathe healthily and exercise therapy through body movement. Qimu has a theoretical background from the perspective of oriental philosophy, oriental medicine, and physiology, and attempts to present a movement for natural circulation according to the flow of chi rather than a general movement.

음양오행과 그리스 로마 신화를 접목한 치료적 움직임(기무) 프로그램 개발 연구

봉정민 ( Jung Min Bong ),김예지 ( Yea Ji Kim ),인창식 ( Chang Shik Yin ) 대한무용학회 2024 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.82 No.1

This study developed the movement of oriental medicine. It also found similar feature points of contact by combining Western Olympus gods and the five lines of yin and yang. These characteristics make it useful and interesting for the West, the East, and all classes. QMu, developed by combining Yin and Yang Five Elements with Greek and Roman mythology, has three characteristics. It is the breathing method that accompanies contraction and relaxation of the first muscle. Second, we use the principle of yin and yang. The movement of yin and yang reflects the characteristics of Apollo, the sun's god, and Artemis, the moon's god, which is a symbol of yin. The third uses the principle of five lines. The movements of the Five Elements help participants regain balance between their bodies and minds by experiencing the characteristics and emotional expressions of each god in Wood (Thursday), Fire (Tue), Gold (Metal), and Water (Water). The program was developed in the hope of experiencing harmony between the body and mind, while also making the body feel a deep bond as a part of nature, promoting emotional and psychological changes, and promoting health and well-being.

Improved Adherence to Positive Airway Pressure Treatment after Covering National Health Insurance in Patient with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Tertiary Sleep Center Review

윤효은,전창진,황재춘,이호원,전지예 대한수면연구학회 2021 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.18 No.1

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common clinical disease which has been associated with cardiovascular disease and sudden death. Positive airway pressure (PAP) is the most effective treatment for OSA; however, most patients experience difficulties in tolerating machines, masks, or economic burdens. In Korea, National Health Insurance (NHI) application for PAP started in July 2018. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the PAP adherence and factors contributing to good adherence after NHI coverage in Korea. Methods: A retrospective study was performed to examine 89 patients with OSA who were treated with PAP in 2019. All medical records were analyzed to obtain demographic and clinical data, including personal history, polysomnographic data, and PAP results. Results: A total of 66 participants were included, of which 56 (84.8%) were maintained on PAP therapy after 3 months, and 32 of 42 (76.1%) were maintained on PAP therapy after 6 months; prolonged rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, increased non- REM (NREM) apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and supine AHI significantly contributed to good PAP adherence for 3 months. At 6 months, prolonged REM sleep latency, increased NREM AHI, supine AHI, and increased arousal index significantly contributed to good PAP adherence. However, comorbid hypertension contributed to poor PAP compliance. Conclusions: PAP adherence in patients with OSA was 84.8% after 3 months, and 76.1% after 6 months after NHI coverage in a regional tertiary sleep center in Korea. Prolonged REM sleep latency and increased supine AHI and NREM AHI significantly contributed to good adherence, whereas comorbid hypertension was a factor for poor PAP compliance.

현존자연치아수와 만성폐쇄성폐질환과의 연관성

신혜선 ( Hye Sun Shin ),안용순 ( Yong Soon Ahn ),임도선 ( Do Seon Lim ) 한국치위생과학회 2016 치위생과학회지 Vol.16 No.3

본 연구는 2009년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 우리나라 성인에서 다양한 혼란변수를 보정한 후 현존자연치아수와 COPD와의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 40세 이상성인 3,107명을 대상으로 구강검진과 폐기능검사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 폐기능검사에 의한 COPD 유병률은 11%였다. 현존자연치아수를 0∼19개군, 20∼27개군, 28개군으로 나누었을 때, COPD의 분포는 현존자연치아수가 0∼19개인 군에서 21.0%로 가장 높았다. 둘째, COPD는 65세 이상군, 남자, 교육수준이 낮을수록, 정상적인 BMI를 갖는 군, 고혈압군에서 높았다(p<0.001).셋째, 인구사회학적 특성, 사회경제적 위치, 건강관련행태, 구강건강 및 행태, 전신건강상태를 보정한 다중로지스틱 회귀분석에서는 현존자연치아수 20∼27개군(OR, 1.90)과 0∼19개군(OR, 3.93)에서 COPD와 연관성을 보여, 현존자연치아수가 적을수록 COPD의 위험이 증가함을 확인하였다. 특히 치주질환과 COPD의 중요한 위험요인인 흡연상태에 따른 층화분석결과, 현재흡연군에서만 모든 치아를 가지고 있는 군에 비해 0∼19개 치아를 가진 군에서 OR이8.90배 높은 결과를 보여 강한 연관성을 보여주었다(OR,8.90; 95% CI, 2.53∼31.33). 본 연구 결과를 통해 현존자연치아수는 COPD와 연관성이 있음을 확인하였다. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the number of existing permanent teeth is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a representative sample of Korean adults. Data from 3,107 subjects who participated in the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were examined. The dependent variable was COPD and the independent variable was the number of existing permanent teeth. Spirometry results were classified into three groups (normal pattern, restrictive pattern, and obstructive pattern) by trained technicians. We used dichotomized COPD variables (no vs. yes). The number of existing permanent teeth was evaluated by oral examination and divided into 3 groups (0∼19, 20∼27, and 28). Demographic factors (age group and sex group), socioeconomic status (education and income), health behaviors (smoking and drinking), oral health and behavior (frequency of toothbrushing; periodontitis; decayed, missing, filled, permanent teeth index; and denture status), and general health status (body mass index, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension) were included as confounders in the analysis. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analyses including confounders were applied, and all analyses considered a complex sampling design. Stratified analysis was performed by smoking status. After controlling for various confounders, there was a significant association between the number of existing permanent teeth and COPD (odds ratio [OR], 1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20∼3.00 for the 20∼27 group; OR, 3.93; 95% CI, 1.75∼8.84 for the 0∼19 group). The association was more significant in current smokers (OR, 8.90; 95% CI, 2.53∼31.33). Our data indicate that the number of existing permanent teeth was independently associated with COPD, especially in current smokers. Further longitudinal research is needed to determine whether oral health promotion plays a role in the improvement of lung function and prevention of COPD.

Application of a Textile-based Inductive Sensor for the Vital Sign Monitoring

기순옥,구혜란,강선아,이영재,김경남,강성진,이정환,이주현 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.1

In this study, we developed a feasible structure of a textile-based inductive sensor using amachine embroidery method, and applied it to a non-contact type vital sign sensing device based onthe principle of magnetic-induced conductivity. The mechanical heart activity signals acquired throughthe inductive sensor embroidered with conductive textile on fabric were compared with the Lead IIECG signals and with respiration signals, which were simultaneously measured in every case with fivesubjects. The analysis result showed that the locations of the R-peak in the ECG signal were highlyassociated with sharp peaks in the signals obtained through the textile-based inductive sensor(r=0.9681). Based on the results, we determined the feasibility of the developed textile-based inductivesensor as a measurement device for the heart rate and respiration characteristics.