Current Issues in Evaluating Health Promotion Programme Using Traditional Korean Medicine in Korea

한동운,김유금,이영호 대한한의학회 2008 대한한의학회지 Vol.29 No.5

Purpose:The aim of this study is to identify current situation and issues of outcome measures to evaluate the public health programs using traditional medicine by public health centers in Korea. Method:This study analyse and review existing data and documents related to traditional Korean medicine and health policy using contents analysis method. To collect the information on outcome measures evaluating the programmes, this study reviewed annual reports for health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine(HP-TKM) of Hub public health centers, as pilot public health centers, which have implemented the health promotion programmes collectively. Additionally, the review included research articles, government documents and book chapters on the topics related assessments in health promotion. Results:HP-TKM are stroke prevention education, smoke free program, health promotion according to Four Constitutional Medicine, home visiting treatment, etc. However, there are only a few studies of traditional medicine focused health promotion evaluation strategies. The benefits of health promotion programs using TKM can be categorized as non-health benefit, physiological, psychological and physical effects. To manage and monitor the intervention programmes efficiently, attention should be given to developing relevant and valid outcome measures for evaluating the programmes by government and public health center. Conclusion:Up to now, considering number of researchers, research projects undertaken or published articles and reports, within traditional Korean medicine there is a lack of capacity in research. Thus, government should pay more attention to developing relevant and valid outcome measures for evaluating the programs. Purpose:The aim of this study is to identify current situation and issues of outcome measures to evaluate the public health programs using traditional medicine by public health centers in Korea. Method:This study analyse and review existing data and documents related to traditional Korean medicine and health policy using contents analysis method. To collect the information on outcome measures evaluating the programmes, this study reviewed annual reports for health promotion programmes using traditional Korean medicine(HP-TKM) of Hub public health centers, as pilot public health centers, which have implemented the health promotion programmes collectively. Additionally, the review included research articles, government documents and book chapters on the topics related assessments in health promotion. Results:HP-TKM are stroke prevention education, smoke free program, health promotion according to Four Constitutional Medicine, home visiting treatment, etc. However, there are only a few studies of traditional medicine focused health promotion evaluation strategies. The benefits of health promotion programs using TKM can be categorized as non-health benefit, physiological, psychological and physical effects. To manage and monitor the intervention programmes efficiently, attention should be given to developing relevant and valid outcome measures for evaluating the programmes by government and public health center. Conclusion:Up to now, considering number of researchers, research projects undertaken or published articles and reports, within traditional Korean medicine there is a lack of capacity in research. Thus, government should pay more attention to developing relevant and valid outcome measures for evaluating the programs.

중소도시 여성들의 건강증진 생활양식 수행정도에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구

위광복 ( Gwang Bog Wie ),강창렬 ( Chang Yeol Kang ) 한국보건복지융합학회 2010 노인의료복지연구 Vol.2 No.2

This study has researched the factors witch affect life style performance degree of health promotion for women in some small and medium-sized cities so that it can provide data and help to improve effective programs of health promotion. The the performance degree of life style for health promotion amied at women living in Pohang, Andong and Gimcheon of Gyeongsang-bukdo province from July 1st to July 27th in 2010. The measures of the performance degree of life style for health promotion consist of 11 questions for recognized present health condition and general features and 60 questions for health promotion life style, totally 71 questions. They are composed of 4 questions about valanced relationship, 5 about self-regulation, 4 about emotional support and 8 about self-realization and these 4 factors are considered as mental health promotion. Also, physical health promotion of life style consists of 7 factors such as 3 questions about regular meal, 4 about professional health care, 7 questions about sanitary activities, 5 about rest and sleeping, 7 questions about exercise and activities, 6 diet adjustment, 7 about health diet. In the balanced relationship, the number of family members(p<0.05), recognized health conditions(p<0.05) are statistically meaningful and in self-regulation, age(p<0.05) and the presence of religion(p<0.05), the number of family members(p<0.05), recognized health condition(p<0.01) are statistically meaningful. In addition, regarding emotional support, age(p<0.01) and the number of family members(p<0.0l) are statistically meaningful and considering self-regulation, age(P<0.05) and recognised health condition(p<0.01) are statistically meaningful. Based on the results above, regarding life style performance degree of health promotion for women in some small and medium-sized cities, the presence of religion, family type has been influenced and life style performance degree of health promotion by each recognized present health condition is closely related. Especially, in life style performance degree of mental health promotion, age, the presence of religion, the number of family members, recognized health condition have been affected. Thus, women in small and medium sized cities should participate in the activities of health promotion by leading them to behavior change for both mental and physical health promotion and it is necessary to develop and manage systematic health education and health promotion program.

<특집 종설> 보건교육과 건강증진의 국제적인 동향: 우선순위 사업에 대한 검토

남은우 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2008 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.25 No.1

For the development of Korean health promotion projects, this paper appraised the capacities of health promotion projects and examined the latest international trend of the health promotion field, based on the appraisal of data made by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2005 and IUHPE relevant reports. The capacities of Korean health promotion should be strengthened as follows: First, it is urgent to give health education and to use the professionals of it. Secondly, setting approach is required when working on health promotion projects. Thirdly, it is necessary to strengthen the capacities of local communities through the central government’s administrative and financial supports for the healthy cities project which is a strategy of general approach to new public health projects. The 21st century is an age of new public health that the cause for deaths increasingly is centered on life style. So it is necessary to expand the scope of health education to the field of making the environment of local community healthy beyond the level of individual health education. And further, it is required to develop the curriculum of health and to work out new strategies for health promotion. In conclusion, Korea should train competent human resources in the fields of practice of healthy public policies, of knowledge-based projects, and of health promotion (like health educators). The political direction for it should be to promote various healthy city projects, not only health center-led health promotion projects, and further, to strengthen the capacities of the health promotion projects of local communities. For the development of Korean health promotion projects, this paper appraised the capacities of health promotion projects and examined the latest international trend of the health promotion field, based on the appraisal of data made by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2005 and IUHPE relevant reports. The capacities of Korean health promotion should be strengthened as follows: First, it is urgent to give health education and to use the professionals of it. Secondly, setting approach is required when working on health promotion projects. Thirdly, it is necessary to strengthen the capacities of local communities through the central government’s administrative and financial supports for the healthy cities project which is a strategy of general approach to new public health projects. The 21st century is an age of new public health that the cause for deaths increasingly is centered on life style. So it is necessary to expand the scope of health education to the field of making the environment of local community healthy beyond the level of individual health education. And further, it is required to develop the curriculum of health and to work out new strategies for health promotion. In conclusion, Korea should train competent human resources in the fields of practice of healthy public policies, of knowledge-based projects, and of health promotion (like health educators). The political direction for it should be to promote various healthy city projects, not only health center-led health promotion projects, and further, to strengthen the capacities of the health promotion projects of local communities.

지방자치단체의 건강증진사업 활성화 방안 : An Educational Approach 교육적 접근을 중심으로

이명순 韓國保健敎育 ·健康增進學會 1999 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This paper will discuss about how we can foster educational support mechanisms to facilitate health promotion programs at the local level. Health promotion in Korea is in the early developmental stage; it has only been since the Health Promotion Act was legislated in 1995, the health promotion programs have been planned and implemented. In the context of the recent decentralization process, local health departments have a major responsibility for developing and implementing health promotion programs at the local level. The short history of health promotion in Korea has meant that local public health departments have limited experience and organizational capacity for health promotion planning & practice. The results of one survey for investigating the progress of health promotion at the local level are instructive. The survey demonstrated that the public health workers recognized that the lack of personnels, insufficient budget, the lack of policy & the organizational support, the lack of skill & knowledge to be effective health promotors, the lack of guidance for health promotion practice were major barriers to implementing health promotion programs at the local level. The object of this paper is to suggest some ways of overcoming barriers to implementing health promotion programs at the local level This paper emphasizes on the importance of educational supports as well as environmental supports - legislative, policy, organizational, economical - inbuilding the organizational capacity and infrastructure of local health department for health promotion. It suggests some ways of providing educational supports to the public health workers at the local level. and supports the positions that educational opportunities for training in health promotion can be better provided to the public health workers at the provincial level rather than at the national level. It argues that the educational & training programs should be developed and based on the educational need assessment; that the application of the main educational principles & theoretical models for health promotion be used to develop educational programs for the public health workers; and that professional health organizations should make plans to provide more educational programs at their annual conferences or at other convenient times. These kinds of educational supports facilitate the ability of public health workers to improve their capacity for health promotion practice at the local level and help to alleviate some of the pressure on state resources.

사업장 건강증진의 모형과 전략 동향: 다차원 접근과 참여·협력의 강조

유승현,제갈정,김혜경 한국보건사회학회 2015 보건과 사회과학 Vol.0 No.39

A safe and healthy work environment is a human right, supported by legal regulations in many countries. Research asserts that workplace health promotion reduces sick leave and medical expenditure thus contributes to productivity. In this perspective this study examines the models of workplace health promotion suggested internationally to identify core areas and strategies of workplace health promotion. Programs and research on workplace health promotion, both domestic and international, are reviewed in an attempt to find a direction to promising workplace health promotion for the well-being of workplaces, employees, and communities. The recent international workplace health promotion models, suggested by WHO, NIOSH, and European organizations, respectively, consistently emphasize addressing issues associated with organizational culture, psychosocial health at work, and employee participation for workplace health. Nevertheless, workplace health promotion programs in the U.S. and in Korea so far have focused on disease prevention and healthier behavior practices of employees. Comprehensive ecological approaches to workplace health promotion are emphasized and anticipated based on the aforementioned recent workplace health promotion models, which encompass organizational, environmental, and policy strategies beyond individual level interventions. Future research is warranteed for long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of workplace health promotion. 최근 안전하고 건강한 작업환경은 기본 인권의 하나로 강조되고, 많은 나라에서 건강한 작업환경을 조성하도록 법으로 규정하고 있다. 또한 연구들은 사업장 건강증진이 근로자의 결근과 의료비 지출을 감소시켜 생산성 향상에 기여한다고 보고하고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 세계보건기구, 미국, 유럽의 사업장 건강증진의 모형을 검토하여 사업장 건강증진의 핵심영역과 진행과정의 주요원칙을 도출하고자 하였다. 또한 국내외 사업장 건강증진 사업과 연구 동향을 검토하여 근로자, 사업장, 지역 및 국가 차원의 건강문제와 경제 및 삶의 질에 직‧간접적으로 관여하는 바람직한 사업장 건강증진의 방향을 모색하고자 하였다. 세계보건기구, 유럽, 미국에서 제시하고 있는 사업장 건강증진 모형들은 일관되게 사업장의 조직문화와 사회심리적 건강, 근로자 참여기전의 고려를 강조하고 있다. 그러나 본 연구에서 고찰한 지금까지의 미국과 우리나라의 사업장 건강증진 프로그램들은 대부분 만성질환의 발생과 예방에 초점을 맞추고 있고, 따라서 질병예방을 위한 건강행동의 실천에 한정된 개인수준의 접근방법에 중점을 두는경향을 보였다. 국내외로 사업장 건강증진의 사업 기획과 실행 측면에서는 아직 최근의 모형과 원칙의 인식과 적용이 미진하므로 향후 사업장 건강증진에서 모형에 따른 논리 기반을 명확히 하여 개인건강생활실천에 한정된 접근이 아닌 조직문화와 환경·제도적 접근이 종합된 생태학적 사업장 건강증진의 추진이 강조되어야 할 것이다. 또한 사업장 건강증진의 장기적인 영향평가 연구 및 비용-효과에 대한 평가도 시도되고 논의되어야 하겠다

건강증진이 기반한 주요 원칙과 가치

이명순(Myoung-Soon Lee) 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2015 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Objectives: This paper reviews the main principles and values underlying health promotion and reflects upon recent health promotion efforts in Korea. Methods: The essay approaches these issues through the framework of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (WHO, 1986) and other related (WHO) documents. The Ottawa Charter has been an important basis for health promotion worldwide over the last three decades since 1986. Emphasizing the instrumental value of health and the prerequisites for health, it provides the definition of health promotion and elaborates the strategies for health promotion as well as the main health promotion actions. Results: Beyond the values of health as both a fundamental human right and a resource for everyday life, the values and principles related to health promotion shown in WHO documents and other literature include holism, social justice and equity, public and community participation, autonomy, empowerment, socioecological approaches to health, sustainability, intersectoral collaboration, partnership-building, responsibility for health, and so on. Conclusions: Reflecting, subjectively, on health promotion efforts in Korea, some values, including holism in terms of target population, equity, public and community participation, empowerment, and socio-ecological approaches have been realized to some extent, while other values like intersectoral collaboration and partnership have not been considered sincerely in public efforts relating to health promotion. Therefore, future health promotion efforts in Korea should concentrate on incorporating these critical values and principles-based approaches into health promotion activities.

21C 세계화시대 방콕헌장의 건강증진전략과 실천 수준: 우리나라 지역 건강증진사업을 중심으로

이명순,김장락,강민정 대한의사협회 2011 대한의사협회지 Vol.54 No.10

To address effectively health determinants and challenges in the rapidly changing global context of the 21st century, the Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion was adopted at the Sixth Global Conference for Health Promotion in 2005. According to the Bangkok Charter, all sectors and settings of society are required to implement five strategies for health promotion: they must be advocates for health and health promotion, make strategic investments in their policies and programs, build capacity, regulate and enact appropriate legislation, and build partner alliances with other actors for health promotion. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent to which Korea has implemented the health promotion strategies of the Bangkok Charter. To facilitate more effective approaches to promote health in Korea, we sent survey questionnaires to 224 local public health centers throughout the country. We received responses from 384 professionals in 145 of these public health centers. Our analysis of these surveys indicates that basic concepts of health promotion as well as important approaches and health promotion strategies have not been effectively utilized in the Korean context. This is particularly true of efforts to regulate and legislate in the public health field, and to partner and build alliances for health promotion. Efforts in these areas have been inadequate and not given enough priority within the field as a whole. With a concerted effort to implement these strategies for health promotion in all sectors and all settings of Korean society, we can expect more effective interventions and approaches for promoting health and to achieve a higher level of overall societal health.

건강도시와 건강증진의 관계 정립 및 국민건강증진법 개정 방향

김광기,유승현,강은정 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2019 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.36 No.5

Objectives: This study aims to examine the relationship between Healthy City and health promotion based on the documents from the global health promotion conferences and then to review the National Health Promotion Act from the perspectives of the concepts and principles of health promotion and make suggestions on how to revise the National Health Promotion Act in order to vitalize healthy cities. Methods: We reviewed and analyzed the documents of all the previous global health promotion conferences and the contents of the National Health Promotion Act. Results: Health promotion manifested in the global health promotion conferences emphasizes socio-ecological multi-level action areas and strategies and the Healthy City project has consistently been described in global health promotion conferences as a typical health promotion action or strategy. However, we found that the health promotion concept in the National Health Promotion Act differed greatly from the concept espoused by global health promotion conferences. Conclusions: If we want Health City programs to be properly implemented, an institutionalization of Healthy City is necessary so that Healthy City reflects the philosophy, principles, and strategies of health promotion. To this end, a revision of the National Health Promotion Act can be an alternative.

보건분야 치과위생사들의 건강증진사업을 위한 전문교육 필요도 조사

황윤숙 ( Yoon Sook Hwang ) 한국치위생학회 2007 한국치위생학회지 Vol.7 No.4

The purpose of this study was to analyze dental hygienists` opinions on health promotion projects in public health and their needs for specialized education in the projects, so that it could help prepare specialized education program required for health promotion projects in the future. To meet the goals, total 364 dental hygienists working in public health were asked to join a questionnaire survey via e-mail in September 2007 for data analysis. As a result, this analysis came to the following conclusions: First, it was found that 29.9% of total respondents took in charge of health promotion projects, and 26.9% respondents considered it very necessary to be responsible for the health promotion projects(56.0% considered it necessary). Almost half respondents considered nonsmoking assistance most desirable task(48.4%) and foremost demanded(50.5%) out of all current health promotion projects. 39.8% respondents answered that they could carry on health promotion task if assigned, after completing occupational training course. Second, it was found that 39.3% respondents acquired other licenses and qualifications than certificate of registered dental hygienist, and their medical licenses or qualifications included certificate of nursing assistant (18.7%) and certificate of social worker(11.8%) by category. Third, in terms of opinions on possible ways to facilitate health promotion projects, it was found that over half respondents considered it recommended to step up specialized education(56.9%) and prepare legal basis and administrative system(53.6%). Notably, 90.7% respondents considered it necessary to step up specialized education in health promotion. Fourth, in terms of opinions on participation in health promotion projects, it was found that almost half respondents(49.7%) considered it necessary and very positive for extending dental hygienists` works in the future. Moreover, in terms of reasons for such positive answers, it was found that many respondents considered it helpful for appointment(41.8%) and contributing to capability development and job satisfaction(44.5%). In terms of opinions that such participation would be unnecessary, 29.7% respondents thought that nothing would be changed in their dental health projects even with reduced number of public health dentists, and 31.3% respondents thought that dental hygienists are professional manpower responsible only for dental health works. Finally, in terms of on-the-job training(OJT) related to health promotion, it was found that 92.9% respondents desired for OJT. In terms of experiences in OJT, 79.9% respondents answered that they never joined OJT course. In other words, only 20.1% respondents joined OJT courses for health promotion task, such as nonsmoking assistance(8.8%), health promotion FMTP training(2.2%), exercises(l.4%) and nutrition(0.6%).

『활인심방(活人心方)』의 건강증진(健康增進) 담론(談論)

권봉숙(Bong Sook Kwon) 퇴계학부산연구원 2011 퇴계학논총 Vol.18 No.-

退溪의 『活人心方』에 나타나는 健康增進 談論을 看護實務的 立場에서 分析하여 個別化 健康增進 프로그램에 適用이 될 수 있는 適用可能性 與否를알고자 하였다. 方法論은 Foucault의 談論秩序에 根據한 知識考古學的 입장에서 談論을 분석하였고, 이 방법은 認識의 成立과 起源, 認識過程이 취하는 形式과 방법 側面에서 質的硏究에 속한다. 『活人心方』의 知識內容은 精神健康增進에 中和湯과 和氣丸, 社會的 健康增進에 養生之法과 治心, 身體健康增進에 導引과 去病延壽六字訣로 나타났다. 個別化 健康增進 프로그램"은 스스로實踐할 수 있는 것으로 個人이 健康增進의 體系的 지식을 갖추게 되면 個別化 健康增進 프로그램으로 유용한 것이다. 그러므로 『活人心方』의 健康增進지식은 時代를 超越하여 個別化 健康增進 프로그램의 槪念틀에 적용이 가능한 것을 알 수 있었다. This study was to identify the basic principles of the Health Promotion on Toegye's Hoal-In-Sim-Bang. Research method used here was methodology of discourse analysis from the perspective of knowledge archeology which is study on knowledge discovered through the dynamic intertwining of contrastive knowledges and is based on Foucault's discourse order. By analyzing Toegye's Hoal-In-Sim-Bang, his thoughts on Health Promotion were discovered. Hoal-In-Sim-Bang includes Health Promotion of a state of well-being in terms of mentality, social relationship, and physique. His Health Promotion has the reasonable and scientific system, in which the central concept is the Mind, the essence of human mentality. The principles are as followers: creative intelligence based on reasonable reading for mental health promotion, moderation on daily lifestyle from eating habits to sexual life for social health promotion, and exercise for physical and respiratory health promotion. This is what Toegye's Discourse in Hoal-In-Sim-Bang is all about. Hoal-In-Sim-Bang, which originated from Gusun's Hoal-In-Sim, was rewritten and drawn by Toegye to systemize "Individualized Health Promotion Program". In this program, Toegye emphasizes a state of well-being in terms of mentality, social relationship, and physique, each of which consists of two components. The mental health promotion contains Jungwhatang and Whagiwhan: the former is made up of 30 good phrases and the latter means only one word, IN, meaning endurance. The social health promotion includes Yangsangbub and Chi-Sim: the former is the right way of life and the latter means self-control of mind. The physical health promotion implicates Taoin and Gebaeongyensuyougzageol: the former is physical excercise for relaxation and the latter consists of six silent sounds based on the inner voice. Individualized Health Promotion Program by Toegye corresponds to Constitution of the World Health Organization(WHO) in that both of them put an emphasis on three significant components, which are mentality, social relationship, and physique. The notable difference between them is its priority: Constitution of the World Health Organization(WHO) places physique high on their lists of priority, whereas in the Individualized Health Promotion Program by Toegye, mentality has the high priority. In the information society based on knowledge, individuals have to strive to overcome problems related to suffering from multiple stress and promote their health by themselves. At this point, Toegye's Individualized Health Promotion Program will be one of the conceptual frameworks for comtemporary people to realize their health promotion.