건강상태 평가를 위한 지수 개발: 헬스인덱스

문동주,이성일,이종선,김경철,강희정,양용주,Moon, Dong-Ju,Lee, Sung-Il,Lee, Chong-Sun,Kim, Gyeong-Cheol,Kang, Hee-Jung,Yang, Yong-Ju 대한의용생체공학회 2008 의공학회지 Vol.29 No.5

A health index was proposed that evaluates personal health state from both measured physiological variables and survey questions. Four health indices were defined such as cardiovascular index, stress index, obesity index, and management index. The total health index was calculated by summing these four health indices. Physiological variables such as blood pressure, heart rate variability(HRV), accelerated photoplethysmograph(APG), and body fat percentage were non-invasively measured and a survey questionnaire that asks personal health state, exercise intensity, and food preference was developed. The suggested health index was applied to thirty eight persons including 30 patients and 8 normal persons with an average age of 51.8. The average health index was estimated to be 75.1 out of 100 points. Young age group(below 50) and men group showed higher health indices than the aged(over 50) and women groups. The correlation coefficient between the cardiovascular index and stress index was found to be 0.513, which means stress is related to cardiovascular health state. The correlation coefficient between the measurements and survey questions was 0.385 for the cardiovascular index. It was as low as 0.182 for the stress index. More case studies may improve correlations between measurements and survey questions, and then, the current health index system may develop as an effective tool to evaluate personal health state.

우리나라 식품안전보건지표를 활용한 사례연구: 다양한 통합지수 산출을 통한 주요 지표 확인 및 사회경제적 지위와의 상관성 파악

최지혜,변가람,이종태 한국식품위생안전성학회 2015 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.30 No.3

Food-Health indicators have been developed and utilized internationally in the ‘Food’ domain of environment and health indicators. In Korea, however, Food Safety Health Indicators which are in the introductory stage had been developed separately from Environmental Health Indicators. The aim of the current study is to suggest feasible applications of the domestic Food Safety Health Indicators as a case study. We introduced 3 possible applications which are as follows: 1) production of two types of Integrated Food Safety Health Index; 2) conduction of correlation analysis between the Integrated Food Safety Health Index and Food Safety Health Indicators; 3) conduction of regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between the Integrated Food Safety Health Index and socioeconomic status. As a result, we provided the calculated Integrated Food Safety Health Index Ⅰ and Integrated Food Safety Health Index Ⅱ, which represents the regional food safety level in relative and absolute terms, respectively. Integrated Food Safety Health IndexⅠwas significantly correlated with the outbreaks of food-borne diseases (caused by Campylobacter jejuni, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella spp. and unknown cause) and incidence of E.coli infections. Integrated Food Safety Health Index Ⅱ significantly decreased as the proportion of foreigners and women increased, and increased as the population density increased. Utilization of such Integrated Food Safety Health Indicators may be helpful in understanding the overall domestic food safety level and identifying the indicators which must be considered with priorities to enhance the food safety levels regionally and domestically. Furthermore, analyzing the association between Integrated Food Safety Health Index and factors other than food safety could be useful in conducting risk management and identifying susceptible populations. Food Safety Health Indicators can be useful in other applications, and may serve as a supporting material in establishing or modifying policy plans to enhance food safety. Therefore, keen interests by researchers accompanied by further studies on food safety health indicators are needed.

소아 및 청소년에서 구강보건지표로서 제1대구치건강도의 유용성

이선호 ( Sunho Lee ),이흥수 ( Heungsoo Lee ),오효원 ( Hyowon Oh ),주현정 ( Hyunjeong Ju ),박소영 ( Soyoung Park ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2015 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.39 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the dental health capacity of the first permanent molars as a disease-oriented index, and to assess the value of this metric as a healthoriented index. Methods: This study used data from 29,630 participants (6-, 8-, 10-, 12-, and 15-year-olds) in the 2010 Korea National Oral Health Survey. The dental health capacity of the first permanent molars (DHC of 1st molars), functioning teeth index (FS-T), and tissue health index (T-Health) were measured. To assess whether the dental health status was properly reflected, the correlation of DHC of 1st molars with three indices (number of sound teeth, FS-T, and T-Health) was analyzed. Also, in order to evaluate whether the dental caries status was properly reflected, the correlation of dental caries presence with DHC of 1st molars was analyzed. The DHC of 1st molars was measured using Clune’s method. Results: FS-T and T-Health were affected by permanent teeth eruption, and these indices became stabilized after eruption was complete. The DHC of 1st molars remained stable regardless of eruption of permanent teeth. The DHC of 1st molars was positively correlated with the number of sound teeth, FS-T, and T-Health. The DHC of 1st molars was highly correlated with the decayed-missing-filled teeth index in all ages. Among individuals with dental caries, the percentage of those with caries in the first molars was more than 88%. The DHC of 1st molars showed relatively high correlation with high caries risk. Conclusions: The dental health capacity of the 1st permanent molars has good utility not only as a disease-oriented index that is associated with dental caries but also as a health index among children and adolescents.

노인의 건강 및 의료이용 형평성에 관한 연구: 연령집단별 분석

김영선 한국보건사회학회 2012 보건과 사회과학 Vol.0 No.31

본 연구는 노년기를 초기 노년층(만 65~69세), 중기 노년층(만 70~79세), 그리고 후기 노년층(만80세 이상)로 구분하여 각 연령집단별로 소득계층에 따른 건강 및 의료이용의 형평성을 분석하는데목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2008년 노인 실태조사 자료를 활용하였으며, 연구 대상은 만 65세 이상 노인 12,087명이다. 건강 및 의료 형평성 분석을 위해서는 집중지수(concentration index)를 사용하였으며, 건강상태에 따른 의료이용의 형평성을 분석하기 위해 Le Grand 지수를 활용하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 집중지수를 통해 연령집단별 주관적 건강, 만성질환, 활동제한,그리고 우울 수준에서의 건강형평성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 집중지수의 값이 모두 음(-)으로 나타나노인의 전 연령층에서 저소득층에 불리한 건강격차가 존재함을 확인하였으며, 특히 초기 노년층에서소득계층에 따른 건강 불평등의 정도가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 집중지수를 통해 입원횟수와 의료비 총액에 대한 의료이용의 형평성을 분석한 결과, 입원횟수는 집중지수가 음(-)으로 나타나 저소득층의 의료이용량이 많은 것으로 나타났으나 통계적으로는 유의미하지 않았다. 반면, 의료비 총액의집중지수는 양(+)으로 나타나 고소득층의 의료비 지출액이 높았으며, 의료비 지출에서의 형평성 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 셋째, 건강상태를 반영한 의료 이용의 형평성을 Le Grand 지수를 통해분석한 결과, 입원횟수에서는 소득계층별 동일한 건강상태를 가정해도 저소득층의 입원횟수가 많았으며, 의료비 총액에서는 고소득층의 의료비 지출이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 노년층을동일한 인구집단으로 간주하기 보다는 건강상태 및 의료이용 특성에 따라 세분화하여 노인의 건강 및의료정책을 재설계해야 함을 제시하고 있다. 또한, 경제적 요인으로 인해 발생하는 의료 이용의 격차를 해소하기 위한 보건복지분야의 정책 대안들의 개발이 요구된다. The purpose of this study is to examine the degree of income-related equity in health status and health care utilization among the young-old(65~69), the old-old(70~79), and the oldest old(80 over). This study used the cross-sectional data from the National Survey on the Elderly(2008) and the samples were 12,087individuals aged over 65. We measured equity in health status and health care utilization by income using concentration index and Le Grand index. The main results of this study are as follows: First, the concentration indices of all the indicators of health status are significantly negative. This means that there are socioeconomic differences in health equity and the lower income class has poorer health status than the higher income class. Second, with regard to the health care utilization, people with lower incomes are more likely to enter the hospital, whereas people with higher incomes are significantly more likely to spend the cost of health care than people with lower incomes. Third, Le Grand index also shows that the frequency of hospitalization is concentrated in the low income class,whereas total cost of health care is concentrated in the high income class. The results of this study demonstrate that different populations in the elderly have the different health conditions and health care utilization and these differences can be a useful guide aiming to formulate equitable health polices.

A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEALTH INDEX FOR THE ELDERLY

Jeong-Hun Shin 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2018 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.7

This study measured life habits and senior fitness in the elderly aged 65 years old and over to develop the health index which can understand the elderly’s health status. Finally, the following conclusions were drawn. 11 measurement items were applied stepwise to develop the health index. As result, smoking, Arm Curl, drinking and drug, Chair Sit & Reach, Chair Stand, Eating habits, and stress control had an effect. Based on the results, the health index equation was [1.800 + 0.32 * smoking - 0.016 * Arm Curl + .040 * drinking and drug + .015 * Chair Sit & Reach - .020 * Chair Stand + .032 * Eating habits - .040 * stress control]. The new health index was tested. While the actual age by age according to sex showed no significant difference in all ages, the developed health index showed a statistically significant difference. In conclusions, the new health index will be very helpful to understand the elderly’s health status. It is necessary to control drinking and drug, Eating habits, and stress to improve health in the elderly. Furthermore, the elderly should strive to maintain upperbody strength, lower-body strength, and lower-body flexibility for their health.

지역사회 주민들의 주관적 건강인식과 행복지수의 관련성(2014년도 지역사회 건강조사 경남지역 자료이용)

윤현서 ( Hyun Seo Yoon ),전진호 ( Jin-ho Chun ),채유정 ( You Jung Chae ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2017 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.41 No.3

Objectives: Health is closely related to an individual`s assessment of their quality of life and their subjective level of happiness. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between happiness index and self-rated health by utilizing a community health survey in Korea. Methods: The study participants were 17,937 people living in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, who completed a community health survey in 2014. The non-subjective variables included in the statistical analysis were sex, age, region, education, income, and economic activity. The subjective awareness variables included self-rated health, self-rated oral health, chewing difficulty, pronunciation difficulty, and happiness index. Statistical analysis of the data was done using the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: Evaluation of the subjective awareness levels revealed that the respondents that were better educated, whose income levels were higher, and those who engaged in an economic activity found themselves to be in better physical health and oral health. In contrast, the respondents that were female, older, and with residence in the counties reported a higher incidence of chewing difficulty. There was a positive correlation between happiness index and subjective awareness level, and a negative correlation between chewing difficulty and pronunciation difficulty. Happiness index was influenced the most by subjective health levels, followed by income, age, pronunciation difficulty, subjective oral health, chewing difficulty, academic credential, region, and sex. Conclusions: Therefore, in order to improve the happiness index of community residents, regular health checkups and systematic oral health education should be prepared in order to improve awareness of subjective health and reduce discomfort in the oral cavity, and efforts should be made to reduce the gap between regions.

일부 어머니의 구강보건지식 및 행태에 따른 자녀의 구강건강상태에 관한 연구

권현숙 ( Hyeon Sook Kwun ),이은경 ( Eun Gyeong Lee ),조갑숙 ( Gab Suk Cho ) 한국치위생학회 2009 한국치위생학회지 Vol.9 No.4

This research analyzed the general characteristics that closely affect the children`s dental health and the mothers` Dental Health Knowledge and Dental Health Behavior to identify the correlation of the latter with the status of children`s dental health in order to provide the basic data for the development of dental health business that would target children. Research subjects were selected arbitrarily from three nursery schools located in Busan Metropolitan City, targeting 186 children between the ages of four to six and their mothers. The children were subjected to dental Inspection, and the status of their dental caries was studied whereas the mothers were subjected to the surveys on the general characteristics, Dental Health Knowledge and Dental Health Behavior. The research`s key findings are as follows. 1. Level of mothers` Dental Health Knowledge is higher when the mothers` educational level is higher (p=0.02) and when the household`s monthly income is higher (p=0.009). 2. When the level of mothers` Dental Health Knowledge is higher, children tended to brush their toothbrushing using proper method (p=0.025). Moreover, when the level of mothers` Dental Health Knowledge is higher, they tended to take their children to dental clinic mostly for preventive measures than for treating cavity (p=0.023). 3. When the level of mothers` Dental Health Knowledge is higher, children`s dmft index was significantly low(p=0.02). When the mothers use Fluoride-containing toothpaste, children`s children`s dmft index was even lower (p=0.02). 4. As the children tended to brush their teeth more often, dmft index was lower (p=0.003). When the reason that the children visited dental clinic was more to prevent, than to treat cavity, dmft index was even lower (p=0.000) When the above mentioned results are summarized, it is possible to know that the mothers` Dental Health Knowledge and Dental Health Behavior significantly affect children`s dental health. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop Maternal and Child dental health program that factors in both the mothers and children in order to prevent children`s dental caries and to increase their dental health, and continued care is required to discover and treat dental caries early on.

성인의 본인 인지 구강건강상태와 객관적 구강건강상태의 연관성

김미정(Mi-Jeong Kim),임차영(Cha-Young Lim) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.5

본 연구는 성인을 대상으로 전문가가 평가한 구강건강지표와 본인 인지 구강건강상태가 상호 관련이 있는지 분석하고 구강보건사업에서 본인 인지 구강건강상태를 반영하는 것이 유효한 지 알아보기 위하여 국민건강영양조사 제 6기 2차년도(2014) 원시자료를 분석하여 수행하였다. 전체 대상자 중에서 만 19세 이상의 성인을 연구대상으로 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 객관적 구강건강지표인 DMFT Index에 따른 각 연령군의 본인 인지 구강건강상태는 모든 연령군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<0.001). 모든 연령군에서 DMFT Index가 높을수록 본인 인지 구강건강상태가 나쁘다고 평가하였다. 각 연령군별 본인 인지 구강건강 상태에 영향을 미치는 요인에서 청년층의 경우 우식경험영구치지수, 1년간 구강검진 여부, 씹기 문제, 교육 수준이 통계적으로 유의하였고(p<0.005), 장년층에서는 우식경험영구치지수, 씹기 문제에서 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.005). 노년층에서는 우식경험영구치지수, 1년간 구강검진 여부, 씹기 문제, 말하기 문제에서 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다(p<0.005). 이상의 연구결과를 토대로 전문가가 평가한 구강건강지표와 본인 인지 구강건강상태가 상호관련이 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 본인 인지 구강건강상태가 ‘건강하다’ 라고 인지하면 객관적 구강건강지표도 높게 될 가능성이 있으므로, 삶의 질 향상을 위한 구강보건사업에서 주관적 구강건강을 반영해야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study examined whether a correlation exists between the oral health indices assessed by experts and the self-perceived oral health status to develop practical oral health improvement programs for adults. In addition, this study provides basic data for carrying out oral health projects that can enhance the quality of life of adults. The raw data for the 2nd year (2014) of the 6th national health and nutrition survey were analyzed. Among those surveyed, adults over the age of 19 were designated as research subjects. In all age groups, correspondents with a higher DMFT Index assessed their self-perceived oral health status to be ‘poor’. The oral health index evaluated by experts showed a correlation with the self-perceived oral health status. Therefore, as a higher self-perceived oral health status might help improve the objective oral health indices, oral health improvement programs should be strengthened to instill self-perceived oral health behavior.

구강보건지수에 영향을 미치는 구강건강인지 및 행태

주온주 ( On Ju Ju ),장윤정 ( Yun Jung Jang ),정진아 ( Jin Ah Jung ) 한국치위생학회 2013 한국치위생학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine whether the subjective oral health awareness and oral health behavior of Korean adults would affect their oral health indexes. It`s meant to utilize existing data of epidemiological and alternative indexes in an effort to have a comprehensive and understanding of the relationship between the subjective oral health awareness and oral health behavior of Korean adults. And the following findings were obtained Methods: The subjects in this study were 7,285 adults who were selected from the third-year(2009) raw data of the fourth national health & nutrition survey. Results: As for the relationship between oral health awareness and oral health indexes, there were statistically significant differences in DMFT index, FS-T index, T-health index and CPI index according to self-rated health status, self-rated oral health state, necessity of dental treatment and oral health concern. Concerning the relationship between oral health behavior and the oral health indexes, whether they got a dental checkup over the past year, daily toothbrushing frequency, use or nonuse of oral health supplies and mastication problems made statistically significant differences to DMFT index, FS-T index, T-health index and CPI index. The variables that had a significant impact on oral health were selected from among the variables of oral health awareness and oral health behavior that affected oral health, and the variables were selected as independent variables. And then the oral health indexes were selected as dependent variables, and a multiple regression analysis was carried out by using the selected independent and dependent variables. As a results, it`s found that the variables made a 22.4% prediction of DMFT index; 51.3% for FS-T index; 52.0% for T-health index; 47.4% for CPI index. Conclusions: The above-mentioned findings illustrated that the relationship between the subjective oral health awareness and oral health behavior of the Korean adults exercised an influence on their oral health indexes. Accurate and effective oral health plans should be mapped out by grasping the oral health status of adults from diverse angles to facilitate the maintenance and promotion of their oral health status.

일부 대학생들의 구강건강관리 행태 및 주관적 구강상태와 행복지수 관련성

조미숙(Mi Suk Cho),이진아(Jin Ah Lee),임수빈(Su Bhin Im),권현숙(Hyeon Sook Kwun),천세희(Sae Hee Cheon) 한국구강보건과학회 2018 한국구강보건과학회지 Vol.6 No.1

This aim of this study was to investigate the oral health care behaviors, perceived oral health status, and happiness index among some university students. For this study, a survey was conducted among 300 university students located in Gyeongsangnam-do, from July 1 to August 5. The study subjects were selected by a non-probability sampling method. The survey was composed of 7 questions on the general characteristics of the study subjects, 11 questions on their oral health care behavior, 9 questions on their perceived oral health status, and 3 ques-tions on their happiness index. SPSS 20.0 and the descriptive statistics analysis, t-test were used. Correlation analysis was conducted with a significancy level set at 0.05. There was a positive cor-relation between subjective health status and a positive happiness index (r=0.197, p=0.000), and a negative correlation between the subjective oral health index and a negative happiness index (r=-0.235, p=0.000). Therefore, this study showed that there is association between oral health care behavior, perceived oral health status, and the happiness index in some university students, including the development of oral health programs for this population.