자기주도학습능력과 지식공유의 관계에 대한개인의 목표지향성과 조직 특성의 조절 효과

김문식 한국기업경영학회 2013 기업경영연구 Vol.20 No.4

격변하는 환경 속에서 기업이 경쟁력을 유지할 수 있도록 해주는 전략적 자산이 지식이 다. 오늘날 기술의 라이프 사이클이 짧아지고 있어서 조직의 성공은 조직과 개인의 신속한 학습 역량에 달려 있다. 기업이 종업원을 학습시키기에는 자원의 제약과 급속한 기술의 발전으로 인하여 한계가 있으므로 구성원들이 개인 학습도 중요하지만 지식의 자발적 공유가 기업의 성공에 더 중요한 요인이다. 본 연구는 개인의 학습형태 중 자기주도학습에 초점을 맞추어 자기주도학습능력이 지식공유에 미치는 영향과 자기주도학습능력과 지식공유 간의 관계에 목표지향성과 조직특성이 조절 역할을 하는지를 실증적으로 조사하였다. 자기주도학습능력은 배을규와 김대영(2012)이 개발한 측정 도구, 조직지원인식은 조직이 종업원들의 기여와 행복에 얼마만큼 관심을 두고 있는지에 대한 신뢰를 의미하는 Eisenberger 등(1986)의 측정 도구, 행동통제는 Merchant(1982)와 Ouchi (1979)의 측정 도구, 성과목표지향성과 학습목표지향성은 Button 등(1996)이 개발한 측정 도구를 적용하였다. 지식공유 변수는 공유 빈도와 공유 노력의 두 가지로 구성하고 지식공유 빈도는 King과 Marks(2008)가 개발한 설문 항목, 지식공유 노력은 Srivastava 등(2006)이 개발한 설문 항목을 이용하였다. 자기주도학습능력이 지식공유에 직접적으로 (+)의 효과를 미치는지에 대한 가설 1의 검증을 위하여 지식공유노력을 종속변수로 하고 자기주도 학습능력을 독립 변수로 하는 회귀 분석을 수행한 결과 자기주도학습능력이 지식공유노력에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 지식공유노력을 종속변수로 한 위계적 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 학습목표지향성은 지식공유노력에 (+)의 영향을 미치지만, 성과목표지향성은 지식공유노력에 (-)의 영향을 미치고 목표지향성의 조절 효과가 있는 것으로 검증이 되었다. 행동통제와 조직지원인식이 자기주도학습능력과 지식공유노력 간의 관계를 조절할 것이라는 가설 3의 검증을 위하여 지식공유노력을 종속변수로 한 위계적 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 조직지원인식과 행동통제 모두 지식공유에 (+)의 영향을 미치고 있고 조직지원 인식과 행동통제의 (+) 조절 효과도 있는 것으로 검증이 되었다. 행동통제는 지식공유 노력보다 지식공유 빈도에 미치는 영향이 크고 조직지원인식은 지식공유 빈도보다 지식공유 노력에 미치는 영향이 클 것이라는 가설 4는 채택이 되었다. A knowledge-based society, as we have today, requires the sharing of knowledge at all levels of society in order to function properly. In companies, knowledge sharing is essential because knowledge sharing is important in order to support the learning success. Environmental turbulence requires management to explore new knowledge and exploit existing knowledge rapidly. Because learning capabilities derive from not only organization, but employees in fast developing market and technology environment, self-directed learning is essential virtue to employees. The purpose of this study identifies the relationships between self-directed learning and knowledge sharing, with the moderating effect of goal orientation and organizational characteristics such as POS(perceived organizational support) and behavioral control. Goal orientation as personal characteristics is classified into learning goal orientation and performance goal orientation. organizational characteristics involve behavioral control and perceived organizational support. Knowledge sharing is measured as both effort and frequency. Our research data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 289 employees in Pohang Steel Complex. Major findings are as follows. First, self-directed learning ability influences positively knowledge sharing effort, while efforts is more than frequency. Second, learning goal orientation influences positively knowledge sharing effort, while performance goal orientation influences negatively knowledge sharing effort. The moderating effect of both goal orientation is statistically supported. Thid, behavioral control and perceived organizational support moderate the relations between self-directed learning ability and knowledge sharing effort while they influences positively knowledge sharing effort. Fourth, behavioral control influences frequency stronger than efforts of knowledge sharing, in contrast to perceived organizational support. These findings are significant to theory-building because the relationship between self-directed learning ability and knowledge sharing, as well as the implications for workplace learning, have been rarely analyzed in previous studies. When recruiting and allocating personnel to jobs requiring knowledge sharing mostly, top management should identify their goal orientation, especially learning goal orientation. Employees of excellent self-directed learning ability are not sufficient to superior organizational performance. They should be supported and motivated by behavioral control and perceived organizational support. The limitation of this study can be summed up as follows; first, insufficient accumulated research results make the measurement model unsophiscated. As self-directed learning ability was developed firstly in education research, it is difficult to apply to firm-specific environment. Second, the variables that are involved in our research model are only part of variables influencing self-directed learning ability and knowledge sharing. Future research is to be directed into involving more factors.

목표지향성이 혁신행동에 미치는 영향

이의연(Yi-Ran Li),전정호(Jeong-Ho Jeon) 한국무역연구원 2017 무역연구 Vol.13 No.4

The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of goal orientation on the innovative behavior through the mediating role of knowledge sharing. The result of the study is as follows. First, learning goal orientation has a significant, positive impact on the knowledge sharing. Second, learning goal orientation has a significant, positive impact on innovative behavior. Third, the mediating variable, knowledge sharing has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between learning goal orientation and innovative behavior, but do not mediate the relationship between performance approach goal orientation and innovative behavior. The result showed that performance approach goal orientation does not have a significant impact on both knowledge sharing and innovative behavior not like learning goal orientation. These imply that knowledge sharing and innovative behavior could not be gained easily through raising personal characteristics. Instead, learning goal orientation should be leveled up to increase knowledge sharing and innovative behavior of employees. In addition, results suggested that, to effectively draw knowledge sharing and innovative behavior from employees with goal orientation, structural factors like organizational culture or social learning culture should be considered to fit with individual factors.

성과입증 목표성향과 성과회피 목표성향이 지식공유에 미치는 영향: 동료 과업관련 명성의 조절효과를 중심으로

채희선,전수아 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.12

This paper examined the effect of performance goal orientation, one of the sub-dimensions of goal orientation, on knowledge sharing. To evaluate this effect, the concept was divided into two dimensions(performance prove-goal orientation and performance avoid-goal orientation), and the effect of each dimension was examined independently. In addition, this study considered the characteristics of colleagues whose importance is increasing as providers of situational cues and specified the circumstances under which performance orientation could be optimized. By applying the trait-activation theory, the moderating effect of coworker professional respect, which is highly related to knowledge sharing, was examined. To verify this relationship, the data from 162 employee-coworker dyads were analyzed. The results could not confirm the effect of performance 'prove-goal' orientation on knowledge sharing but showed that the positive effect was strengthened when the level of coworker professional respect was high. In the case of performance 'avoid-goal' orientation, the analysis did not prove that there was a significant relationship between this orientation and knowledge sharing, but it was confirmed that a negative relationship with knowledge sharing was strong when the level of coworker professional respect was high. These results revealed that colleagues constitute meaningful subjects as situational cues, and this has great theoretical and practical implications in that it provides clues to motivate employees who are not interested in knowledge sharing. 본 논문은 목표성향의 하위 차원 중에 하나인 성과성향이 지식공유에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 성과성향의 효과를 구체화하기 위해서 2가지 차원(성과입증 목표성향과 성과회피 목표성향)으로 개념을 다원화하여 독립된 효과를 살펴보았다. 이에 더하여 본 연구는 상황변수로 중요성이 커지고 있는 동료의 특성을 고려하여, 성과성향이 어떠한 상황에서 발현될 수 있는지를 구체화하였다. 특성 활성화 이론을 적용하여, 지식공유와 관련이 높은 동료의 과업관련 명성의 조절효과를 살펴보았다. 이러한 관계를 검증하기 위해서 구성원-동료 162쌍의 설문 데이터를 분석하였고, 그 결과 성과입증 목표성향이 지식공유에 미치는 효과는 확인되지 않았지만 동료의 과업관련 명성이 높은 수준일 때 정(+)적 효과가 강화되었다. 성과회피 목표성향의 경우도 지식공유에 미치는 유의미한 관계가 입증되지는 않았지만, 동료의 과업관련 명성이 높은 수준일 때 지식공유와 부(-)적인 관계가 강하게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 동료가 상황적 변수로 의미있는 주체라는 것을 보여주는 결과가 할 수 있으며, 지식공유에 관심이 없던 구성원을 동기부여 시킬 수 있는 단서를 제공해주었다는 점에서 이론적·실무적 시사점이 크다고 하겠다.

Dynamics between two types of knowledge sharing and program performance in public organizations

Kim, Dong Shin,Hur, Seung Uk 한국자치행정학회 2018 한국자치행정학보 Vol.32 No.3

본 연구는 두 가지의 연구목적을 가지고 있다. 첫째는 일선에서 공공서비스를 담당해야 하는 조직구성원들의 명백한 지식과 암묵적 지식이라는 두 가지 유형의 지식공유와 공공조직의 프로그램 성과의 역학관계를 살펴보는 것이고, 둘째는 공공조직에서 두 가지 유형의 지식공유와 프로그램 성과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 개인적 요인과 조직적 요인의 역할과 영향력을 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 미국 버지니아 주 지방정부를 중심으로 데이터를 통해 구조방정식 모형을 활용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 명백한 지식공유가 프로그램 성과에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것인데 반해 암묵적 지식공유는 간접적으로 프로그램 성과에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 개인적 차원인 목표설정은 암묵적 지식공유에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 조직적 차원인 문서주의는 명백한 지식공유에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러났다. 본 연구의 결과는 지식 유형에 따른 프로그램 성과에 대한 영향력의 차이가 있는 것을 보여줄 뿐만 아니라 조직에서의 개인적/조직적 요인들이 두 가지 유형의 지식공유에도 다른 영향력을 미치는 것을 보여주기 때문에 향후 이를 토대로 지식공유의 유형별 연구 및 조직에서의 다각적인 요인들과 지식공유의 관계에 대한 연구의 필요성을 제기한다. The study has two primary purposes. First, the study tries to examine dynamics between two types of knowledge sharing and program performance in public organizations. Second, it is to examine the effects of goal-setting as an individual factor and red-tape as a organizational factor on two types of knowledge sharing as well as program performance. For the purpose of the study, it uses structure equation model approach with the data from local government (the Virginia Department of Social Service). The results of analysis is as follows. First, while tacit knowledge sharing has an indirect impact on program performance, explicit knowledge sharing has a direct effect on program performance. Second, goal setting as an individual factor is positively related to tacit knowledge sharing. Red tape as a organizational factor is negatively related to explicit knowledge sharing. The results of the study show that two types of knowledge sharing has different effects on program performance and that different factors in public organizations have different effects on two types of knowledge sharing. It provides the evidence that there is the necessity of the study about distinction of knowledge sharing as well as other factors in public organizations to influence knowledge sharing.

사회적 감정공유와 동기 체계가 목표달성가능성에 미치는 영향 : 목표몰입의 매개역할

박종철,임지원,홍성준 한국전략마케팅학회 2014 마케팅논집 Vol.22 No.3

본 연구는 학습목표(TOEIC) 성취와 관련하여 목표달성가능성에 영향을 미치는 동기체계의 차별적 경로를 고찰하였다. 특히 기존 연구와 다르게, 본 연구는 ‘행동억제 체계(BIS)’와 ‘행동활성화 체계(BAS)’, 그리고 감정변수인 ‘사회적 감정공유(SSE)’가 목표달성가능성에 어떠한 차별적 영향을 미치는지를 고찰하였으며, 나아가 이들 관계에 있어 목표몰입의 매개역할을 고찰하였다. 분석결과, ‘행동억제 체계(BIS)’는 목표몰입에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, ‘행동활성화 체계(BAS)’는 목표몰입에만 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 ‘사회적 감정공유(SSE)’는 목표몰입을 매개로 목표달성가능성에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 학습목표 상황에서 다른 두 가지 동기체계(BIS vs. BAS)가 목표몰입을 매개로 목표달성가능성에 차별적 영향을 미친다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었으며, 나아가 ‘사회적 감정공유(SSE)’라는 감정변수가 목표달성가능성에 중요한 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다. This study investigated which motivation system factors influenced on academic goal(TOEIC) attainability. Different from previous studies, we postulate that goal commitment plays an essential mediating role in relationship between two motivation system(BIS vs. BAS) and social sharing of emotion(SSE) and goal attainability. So, the aim of this research is to examine the psychological mechanism of the goal commitment in the relationship between motivation system and goal attainability. A model integrating two dimensions of motivation system(BIS, BAS), and social sharing of emotion(SSE) and goal attainability was tested using the data of 293 university students. The research model presented in this study shows the behavioral inhibition system(BIS) was negatively related to the commitment. The second variable, behavioral activation system(BAS) shows an significant effect when mediated by goal commitment, but the direct relationship between behavioral activation system(BAS) and goal attainability shows an insignificant result. Similarly, the third variable ‘social sharing of emotion(SSE)’ shows a significant result when mediated by goal commitment. Hence, this study shows how all these different motivation systems when mediated with commitment resulted significantly in the attainability of academic goals.

목표지향 행동모형(MGB)을 적용한 공유경제 서비스 이용의도

김영국(Yeong-Gug Kim),우은주(Eun-Ju Woo) 한국무역연구원 2018 무역연구 Vol.14 No.2

The sharing economy has received considerable attention in a variety of business service industries. From this point of view, this study adopts the concept of the sharing economy to investigate sharing services in the service industries by examining a model of goal-directed behavior (MGB), along with perceived value of sharing economy for evaluating intentions to use sharing services. The Model of Goal-directed Behavior had been found to predict human behavioral intention of better than the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). To achieve the objective of this study, an online survey was conducted with results from a survey of 229 respondents analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings reveal that with the exception of the direct effect of negative anticipated emotion on desire, the underlying dimensions have a significant effect on consumer intention to use sharing services. Implications for future research and marketing strategies for sharing services are discussed.

동료 간 지식공유에 관한 연구: 동료관계의 질과 목표성향의 상호작용효과

김보영 ( Boyoung Kim ) 한국지식경영학회 2016 지식경영연구 Vol.17 No.4

Knowledge sharing has many benefits; however, employees are generally reluctant to share their knowledge with co-workers. This reluctance can be attributed to the facts that sharing knowledge involves the threat of losing personal competitiveness and the codification of knowledge for sharing requires additional effort. This study explains why employees engage in knowledge sharing despite the threat and cost of sharing knowledge. Specifically, it examines the effects of the quality of co-worker exchange (CWX) on knowledge sharing and the moderating effect of learning goal orientation on the relationship between CWX and knowledge sharing. Data from 186 individuals indicate that there is a positive relationship between CWX and knowledge sharing, and that this relationship is strengthened when learning goal orientation is low rather than when it is high. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.

두 가지 유형의 지식공유와 공공조직 프로그램 성과의 역학관계

김동신 ( Kim Dong Shin ),허성욱 ( Hur Seung ) 한국자치행정학회 2018 한국자치행정학보 Vol.32 No.3

The study has two primary purposes. First, the study tries to examine dynamics between two types of knowledge sharing and program performance in public organizations. Second, it is to examine the effects of goal-setting as an individual factor and red-tape as a organizational factor on two types of knowledge sharing as well as program performance. For the purpose of the study, it uses structure equation model approach with the data from local government (the Virginia Department of Social Service). The results of analysis is as follows. First, while tacit knowledge sharing has an indirect impact on program performance, explicit knowledge sharing has a direct effect on program performance. Second, goal setting as an individual factor is positively related to tacit knowledge sharing. Red tape as a organizational factor is negatively related to explicit knowledge sharing. The results of the study show that two types of knowledge sharing has different effects on program performance and that different factors in public organizations have different effects on two types of knowledge sharing. It provides the evidence that there is the necessity of the study about distinction of knowledge sharing as well as other factors in public organizations to influence knowledge sharing.

공유리더십이 직무재창조(Job crafting)에 미치는 영향: 학습목표지향성과 지식공유의 매개효과

이지은,오상진 한국콘텐츠학회 2020 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.20 No.10

Job crafting has gained prominence in organizational practice as an important factor to cultivate positive performance, the purpose of this study is to present theoretical and practical implications of job crafting by examination of the effective variables that induce job crafting. We verify the correlation between shared leadership and job crafting and the mediating effect of learning goal orientation and knowledge sharing in the relationship between these two variables. Hypotheses were established on the basis of precedent research and various theories including social cognitive theory and affective events theory. The data were collected by conducting online surveys of 318 office workers who have served in various domestic organizations. The reliability and validity of the collected data were verified by SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0, and the hypotheses were analyzed by SPSS process macro 3.0. The study found that shared leadership yields positive effects on the learning goal orientation, knowledge sharing and job crafting of participants respectively and that learning goal orientation and knowledge sharing have a mediating effect in the relationship between shared leadership and job crafting. The results of this study present the effectiveness of shared leadership to facilitate the job crafting and implications and future research measures for the organization to develop a system for activating shared leadership, and for strengthening learning goals orientation and knowledge sharing. 본 연구는 조직의 업무성과 향상에 중요한 요인으로 논의되고 있는 직무재창조를 유도할 수 있는 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제시하기 위하여 유관변인을 탐색하고 변인들 간의 영향관계를 실증하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위하여 공유리더십, 학습목표지향성, 지식공유를 예측변인으로 선정하여 공유리더십과 직무재창조의 관계에서 학습목표지향성과 지식공유의 매개효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 가설은 선행연구와 사회인지이론, 정서사건이론 등에 기초하여 설정하였다. 자료는 국내 다양한 조직에서 재직하고 있는 직장인 318명을 대상으로 온라인으로 설문을 실시하여 수집하였다. 수집된 데이터의 신뢰성과 유효성은 SPSS 25.0과 AMOS 25.0에 의해 검증되었으며 가설은 SPSS프로세스 매크로 3.0으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 공유리더십은 구성원의 학습목표지향성과 지식공유, 그리고 직무재창조에 각각 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 공유리더십과 직무재창조의 관계에서 학습목표지향성과 지식공유가 매개효과를 가지는 것이 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 구성원의 직무재창조를 촉진하는 공유리더십의 효과성을 제시함으로써 공유리더십의 활성화를 위한 시스템 마련과 구성원들의 학습목표지향성, 지식공유를 강화하기 위한 시사점과 향후 연구방안을 논의하였다.

Dynamics between two types of knowledge sharing and program performance in public organizations

김동신,허성욱 한국자치행정학회 2018 한국자치행정학보 Vol.32 No.3

The study has two primary purposes. First, the study tries to examine dynamics between two types of knowledge sharing and program performance in public organizations. Second, it is to examine the effects of goal-setting as an individual factor and red-tape as a organizational factor on two types of knowledge sharing as well as program performance. For the purpose of the study, it uses structure equation model approach with the data from local government (the Virginia Department of Social Service). The results of analysis is as follows. First, while tacit knowledge sharing has an indirect impact on program performance, explicit knowledge sharing has a direct effect on program performance. Second, goal setting as an individual factor is positively related to tacit knowledge sharing. Red tape as a organizational factor is negatively related to explicit knowledge sharing. The results of the study show that two types of knowledge sharing has different effects on program performance and that different factors in public organizations have different effects on two types of knowledge sharing. It provides the evidence that there is the necessity of the study about distinction of knowledge sharing as well as other factors in public organizations to influence knowledge sharing.