Glycine max와 Glycine tomentella간 종간교잡 친화성과 정역교잡 효과

金容澈,張權烈 韓國作物學會 1996 한국작물학회지 Vol.41 No.5

Glycine속의 야생 다년생종인 G. tomentella가 가지고 있는 내병성, 고단백 및 다년생 유전자등 유용형질들을 재배콩(G. max)에 도입하기 위한 종간교잡시 염색체수가 다른 4개의 G. tomentella (2n=38, 40, 78, 80) 계통들과 재배콩과의 교잡친화성 검정, 정역간 교잡효과, 교잡엽의 발육비교, 종간 교배적기 등에 대해 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. G. tomentella의 염색체수가 2n=38, 40, 78, 80인 4개 계통과 재배콩인 울산콩, 뱀콩, 단엽콩과의 종간 교잡에서 G. tomentella의 염색체수가 2n=38인 계통과 교배된 것이 교배율 및 교배후 경과일수에 따른 협생존률이 가장 양호하여 2n=38계통이 재배콩과의 교잡친화성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 2. G. max(cv. Baemkong)와 G. tomentella(2n=38)와 종간교잡에서 정역교잡 효과는 G. max를 모본으로 했을 때가 G. tomentella를모본으로 했을 때보다 교배율이 더 높았고, 엽생존기간도 더 길어 정역교잡의 효과가 인정되었다. 3. G. max(cv. Baemkong)와 G. tomentella(2n=38)와의 종간교잡에서 교잡협의 발육상태를 자가수정된 모본의 협과 비교했을 때 G. max를 모본으로 한 것이 G. tomentella를 모본으로 한 것보다 협당 배주수의 감소율이 적었으나, 교배후 경과일수에 따른 협의 장, 폭 및 무게는 G. max를 모본으로 한 경우가 생육이 저조하였다. 4. 자연조건에서 G. max와 G. tomentella(2n=38)와의 종간 교잡을 할 경우 6월 이나 7월에 하는 것보다 대체로 온도와 습도가 높고 단일조건인 8월 중하구에 하는 것이 교배율이 높았다. Wild perennial types of genus Glycine, as sources of genetic diversity, have been recently employed in the soybean breeding programs. This study was carried out to introduce some useful characters of wild perennial Glycine tomentella into common cultivars, G. max. Parent materials used for interspecific hybridization were three common cultivars, Ulsankong, Baemkong and Danyeobkong, and four G. tomentella strains having different diploid(2n) of 38, 40, 78, and 80. Their cross-fertility, effect of reciprocal cross, development comparison of crossing pod and optimum timing to efficient crossing were investigated. Plant were grown in 1/2,000 Wagner pots in greenhouse and field. Crossing efficiency and pod survival rate were the highest in 2n=38 of the four G. tomentella strains when the common cultivars were fixed as female parents. In the reciprocal cross of three common cultivars and four G. tomentella strains, when the former was used as maternal sources, they showed better crossing rate and longer pod survival than the latter. In the interspecific hybridization between G. max cv. Baemkong andG. tomentella, 2n=38, the pod formed from the female G. tomentella had relatively greater size and weight than that from the female Baemkong in comparison with parents. However, the reverse result was true in a number of ovules per pod. More efficient interspecific hybridization in the field was made on August 20, when temperature and relative humidity were higher and day length was shorter, than one or two months earlier.

Uncovering signatures of selection in the soybean genome using SSR diversity near QTLs of agronomic importance

전태환,반규정,김문영,곽명해,이석하 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.4

The cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is widely considered to descend from the wild soybean (G. soja Sieb. & Zucc.). This study was designed to evaluate the genetic variability and differentiation between G. soja and G. max, and to detect signatures of the selection that may have occurred during the domestication process from G. soja to G. max. A total of 192 G. soja accessions and 104 G. max accessions were genotyped using eight selected simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers assigned to three SSR groups. Four SSRs in group A were not located near any known QTL. Three SSRs in group B were associated with seed protein content, and an SSR in group C was associated with resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot. The number of alleles per locus and the level of genetic variability in G. soja were higher than those in G. max. A total of 122 out of 125 alleles were present in G. soja, but only 59 alleles were detected in G. max. The average gene diversity was 0.74 in G. soja and 0.64 in G. max. Four SSRs near QTLs of agronomic importance showed strong genetic differentiation and shift change in high frequency alleles in groups B and C between G. soja and G. max, revealing selection signatures that may reflect the domestication events and recent selective breeding. With reduced diversity in G. max, some undomesticated genes from G. soja should be prime candidates for introgression to increase the pool of diversity in G. max.

Neuroprotective Effects of Triterpene Glycosides from <i>Glycine max</i> against Glutamate Induced Toxicity in Primary Cultured Rat Cortical Cells

Moon, Hyung-In,Lee, Jai-Heon Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.13 No.8

<P>To examine the neuroprotective effects of <I>Glycine max</I>, we tested its protection against the glutamate-induced toxicity in primary cortical cultured neurons. In order to clarify the neuroprotective mechanism(s) of this observed effect, isolation was performed to seek and identify active fractions and components. From such fractionation, two triterpene glycosides, 3-<I>O</I>-[<I>α</I>-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-rhamnopyranosyl(1–2)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranosyl(1–2)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucuronopyranosyl]olean-12-en-3β,22β,24-triol (<B>1</B>) and 3-<I>O</I>-[β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucopyranosyl(1–2)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-galactopyranosyl(1–2)-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucuronopyranosyl]olean-12-en-3β,22β,24-triol (<B>2</B>) were isolated with the methanol extracts with of air-dried <I>Glycine max</I>. Among these compounds, compound <B>2</B> exhibited significant neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced toxicity, exhibiting cell viability of about 50% at concentrations ranging from 0.1 μM to 10 μM. Therefore, the neuroprotective effect of <I>Glycine max</I> might be due to the inhibition of glutamate-induced toxicity by triterpene glycosides.</P>

Identification of Glycine Max MicroRNAs in Response to Phosphorus Deficiency

Aihua Sha,Yinhua Chen,Hongping Ba,Zhihui Shan,Xiaojuan Zhang,Xuejun Wu,Dezheng Qiu,Shuilian Chen,Xinan Zhou 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.4

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNAs regulating plant development and stress responses. In addition, phosphorus (P) is an important macronutrient for plant growth and development. More than two hundred miRNAs have been identified in Glycine Max and a few of miRNAs have been shown to respond to P deficiency,however, whether there are other miRNAs involved in P deficiency response is largely unknown. In this study, we used high-throughput small RNA sequencing and wholegenome-wide mining to identify the potential miRNAs in response to P deficiency. After sequencing, we deduced 183known, 99 conserved and 126 novel miRNAs in Glycine Max. Among them, in response to P deficiency, the expressions of 27 known, 16 conserved and 12 novel miRNAs showed significant changes in roots, whereas the expressions of 34known, 14 conserved and 7 novel miRNAs were significantly different in shoots. Furthermore, we validated the predicated novel miRNAs and found that three miRNAs in roots and five miRNAs in shoots responded to P deficiency. Some miRNAs were P-induced whereas some were P-suppressed. Together these results indicated that the miRNAs identified might play important roles in regulating P signaling pathway.

Human Acyl-CoA: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Inhibitory Effect of Flavonoids from Roots of Glycine max (L.) Merr

Lee, Jin-Hwan,Seo, Woo-Duck,Jeong, Seong-Hun,Jeong, Tae-Sook,Lee, Woo-Song,Park, Ki-Hun The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2006 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.49 No.2

Isoflavones 1-3 and pterocarpans 4-8 were isolated from methanol extract of roots of Glycine max. In inhibitory effect against human acyl-CoA:cholesterol acytransferase (ACAT)-1 and ACAT-2, glyceollin I 5 showed potent hACAT-1 ($IC_{50}=299.0{\mu}M$) and hACAT-2 ($IC_{50}=82.7{\mu}M$) inhibitory activities.

Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Ethanolic Extracts of <i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr and <i>Rhynchosia nulubilis</i> Seeds

Yim, Joo Hyuk,Lee, Ok-Hwan,Choi, Ung-Kyu,Kim, Young-Chan Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.10 No.11

<P>The aim of this study was to assess the <I>in vivo</I> potential of ethanolic extracts of <I>Glycine max</I> (L.) Merr. (SoRiTae) and <I>Rhynchosia nulubilis</I> (Yak-Kong) seeds as natural anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory agents. To assess the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential, the ethanolic extracts of SoRiTae and Yak-Kong seeds were tested in arachidonic acid-induced ear edema, carrageenan induced paw edema, formalin-induced licking time, acetic acid induced writhing and hot plate-induced thermal stimulation in mice. The administration of ethanolic extracts of SoRiTae and Yak-Kong seeds evoked a significant effect of anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities as compared to standards aminopyrine and indomethacin. The ear edema, paw edema, paw licking time, pain and writhes in mice were significantly reduced (<I>p</I> < 0.05) as compared to the control. The results obtained in this study indicate that both SoRiTae and Yak-Kong soybeans possesses potential anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.</P>

Soyasaponins Ab and Bb Prevent Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice without the Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase

Hong, Sung-Woon,Yoo, Dae-Hyung,Woo, Jae-Yeon,Jeong, Jin-Ju,Yang, Jeong-hwa,Kim, Dong-Hyun American Chemical Society 2014 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.62 No.9

<P>Soy (<I>Glycine max</I>, family Leguminosae), which contains isoflavones and saponins as main constituents, is known to exhibit memory-enhancing effects. Therefore, to investigate the role of soyasaponins in memory impairments, we isolated soyasaponins Ab (SA) and Bb (SB) from soybean and measured their protective effects against scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. SA and SB significantly prevented scopolamine-induced memory impairment in passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks. Compared to SA, SB rescued memory impairment more potently. Treatment with SB (10 mg/kg, p<I>.</I>o.) protected memory impairment in passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks to 97% (<I>F</I> = 68.10, <I>P</I> < 0.05) and 78% (<I>F</I> = 35.57, <I>P</I> < 0.05) of untreated normal control level, respectively. SA and SB (10 mg/kg) also rescued scopolamine-induced memory impairment in Morris water maze task (<I>F</I> = 14.51, <I>P</I> < 0.05). In addition, soyasaponins preserved brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) expression (<I>F</I> = 33.69, <I>P</I> < 0.05) and cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein phosphorylation (<I>F</I> = 91.62, <I>P</I> < 0.05) in the hippocampus of scopolamine-treated mice. However, SA and SB did not inhibit acetylcholinesterase in vitro and ex vivo. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that soybean, particularly soyasaponins, may protect memory impairment by increasing BDNF expression and CREB phosphorylation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2014/jafcau.2014.62.issue-9/jf4046528/production/images/medium/jf-2013-046528_0006.gif'></P>

Effects of Explant Source, Media and Growth Regulators on Shoot Regeneration of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in Vitro

박홍재,권택륜,김경환,김태산,박용환,김용환 한국육종학회 2004 한국육종학회지 Vol.36 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the best explant source and combination of media and growth regulators for the regeneration of multiple shoots in soybean (Glycine max. L. Merr.) cv. Iksannamulkong. Multiple shoots could well be directly induced from both cotyledonary node and hypocotyl explants. However, more shoot were regenerated from cotyledons nodes than from hypocotyl explants. Among 5 different media tested, MSB medium, MS salts combined with B5 vitamins, was most effective for obtaining more regenerated shoots and higher ratio of explants (cotyledonary node) that give rise to regenerated shoots. All the three cytokinins, BA (2.0mg/l), Zeatin riboside (0.05mg/l) and thiazuron (TDZ, 2.0mg/l) were effective for obtaining enough number of regenerated shoot from cotyledonary nodes when added to MSB medium. The most effective cytokinin was zeatin riboside with an average number of 15.5 regenerated shoot per cotyledonary node and shoot regeneration was observed from 75% cotyledonary nodes plated. Therefore, for efficient shoot regeneration of soybean in vitro, it is recommended to plate cotyledonary node on MSB medium supplemented with 0.05mg/l zeatin riboside.

Metabolomics approach for understanding geographical dependence of soybean leaf metabolome

Yun, Dae-Yong,Kang, Young-Gyu,Kim, Eun-Hee,Kim, Myoyeon,Park, Nok-Hyun,Choi, Hyang-Tae,Go, Gun Hee,Lee, John Hwan,Park, Jun Seong,Hong, Young-Shick Elsevier 2018 Food Research International Vol.106 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The soybean plant (<I>Glycine max</I>) is widely used as an ingredient in various foods, nutraceuticals and cosmetics, due to their diverse bioactive compounds. Their metabolic compositions are likely affected by environmental conditions during growth. To investigate the influence of different environmental conditions on the metabolite composition of soybean leaves, we cultivated soybean (<I>G. max</I> Sinhwa) in the southernmost island and volcanic region of Korea, and in the central section and limestone region of the Korean peninsula. Comprehensive metabolite variations of their leaves were analyzed through <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR-based metabolomics approach. With marked differences in soil compositions and climatic conditions between the two growing areas, differences in accumulations of pinitol and diverse flavonoids were noted between the soybean leaves, reflecting the distinct metabolism of soybean plants for physiological adaptation toward different environmental conditions. Therefore, the current study highlights the geographical dependences of diverse soybean leaf metabolites for developing biofunction-enhanced soybean products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The properties between two areas for soybean cultivation were markedly different. </LI> <LI> Soybean leaf metabolome were clearly dependent on the soil properties. </LI> <LI> The soybean leaf metabolites reflect the different adaption toward environments. </LI> <LI> Metabolomics provides an important role in discovering new value for plant material. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Heterodera glycines에 대한 콩 내병성과 관련된 거대세포의 형태적 특성

염규진,박은우,김영호 한국식물병리학회 1992 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.8 No.4