Which Fingers Should We Perform Two-Finger Chest Compression Technique with When Performing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on an Infant in Cardiac Arrest?

김영신,오제혁,김찬웅,김성은,이동훈,홍준영 대한의학회 2016 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.31 No.6

This study compared the effectiveness two-finger chest compression technique (TFCC) performed using the right vs. left hand and the index-middle vs. middle-ring fingers. Four different finger/hand combinations were tested randomly in 30 healthcare providers performing TFCC (Test 1: the right index-middle fingers; Test 2: the left index-middle fingers; Test 3: the right middle-ring fingers; Test 4: the left middle-ring fingers) using two cross-over trials. The “patient” was a 3-month-old-infant-sized manikin. Each experiment consisted of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) consisting of 2 minutes of 30:2 compression: ventilation performed by one rescuer on a manikin lying on the floor as if in cardiac arrest. Ventilations were performed using the mouth-to-mouth method. Compression and ventilation data were collected during the tests. The mean compression depth (MCD) was significantly greater in TFCC performed with the index-middle fingers than with the middle-ring fingers regardless of the hand (95% confidence intervals; right hand: 37.8-40.2 vs. 35.2-38.6 mm, P = 0.002; left hand: 36.9-39.2 vs. 35.5-38.1 mm, P = 0.003). A deeper MCD was achieved with the index-middle fingers of the right versus the left hand (P = 0.004). The ratio of sufficiently deep compressions showed the same patterns. There were no significant differences in the other data. The best performance of TFCC in simulated 30:2 compression: ventilation CPR performed by one rescuer on an infant in cardiac arrest lying on the floor was obtained using the index-middle fingers of the right hand. Clinical Trial Registry at the Clinical Research Information Service (KCT0001515).

A Joint Motion Planning Based on a Bio-Mimetic Approach for Human-like Finger Motion

Byoung-Ho Kim 대한전기학회 2006 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.4 No.2

Grasping and manipulation by hands can be considered as one of inevitable functions to achieve the performances desired in humanoid operations. When a humanoid robot manipulates an object by his hands, each finger should be well-controlled to accomplish a precise manipulation of the object grasped. So, the trajectory of each joint required for a precise finger motion is fundamentally necessary to be planned stably. In this sense, this paper proposes an effective joint motion planning method for humanoid fingers. The proposed method newly employs a bio-mimetic concept for joint motion planning. A suitable model that describes an interphalangeal coordination in a human finger is suggested and incorporated into the proposed joint motion planning method. The feature of the proposed method is illustrated by simulation results. As a result, the proposed method is useful for a facilitative finger motion. It can be applied to improve the control performance of humanoid fingers or prosthetic fingers.

Effect of eigenvalue solution on the characteristics of double diffusive salt fingers

Faria Rehman,Manoj Dhiman,O. P. Singh 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.6

Double diffusive finger convection is driven by the varying diffusivity of the two components, contributing to the density variation. When the faster diffusing component heat stabilizes the system, and slow diffusing component salinity destabilizes the system with the overall density stratification remaining stable, the convection takes the form of rising and sinking fingers, which are known as salt fingers. We considered previous theories on the salt fingers’ growth rate, and show how different approaches to solve the same Eigen value equation lead to a different prediction of finger characteristics. We precisely solved the Eigen value growth rate equations, and show that the assumptions taken in the previous theories lead to unphysical system behavior in the limit of density ratio approaching unity. We show that the finger system becomes transient in this limit, and steady state assumption is not a valid approximation. Furthermore, other theories have also been proposed, and wide fingers are generally believed to transport larger fluxes when compared with thin fingers. In this paper, we show through numerical simulation that the assumption of wide finger-large flux ratio is not physically consistent in light of recent findings.

우측 수부의 모든 수지 절단 환자에서 무지와 제 2, 3 수지 재건술

이준모,김규형,Lee, Jun-Mo,Kim, Gyu-Hyung 대한미세수술학회 2001 Archives of reconstructive microsurgery Vol.10 No.2

전북대학교병원 정형외과에서 우측 제 1-5 수지가 모두 절단된 35세 남자에서, 우 수부 무지는 포장주위 피판(wrap around flap)시 제 1 배부 중수골동맥(the first dorsal metacarpal artery)의 고유 동맥(proper digital artery)을 제 1 배부 중족골 동맥(the first dorsal metatarsal artery)에, 두 정맥 분지(tributary of the cephalic vein)는 대 복재 정맥의 분지 (tributary of the greater saphenous vein)에 각각 문합하였고, 수부의 요골신경의 감각 분지는 거상된 포장 주위 피판의 심부비골 신경(deep peroneal nerve)에 신경 외막 봉합술을 시행하였다. 제 2, 3 수지 재건술에서는, 우 2, 3 족지의 족 배 동맥을 요골 동맥에, 대, 소 복재 동맥의 분지를 두 개의 두 정맥 분지에 각각 단-단 문합하였으며, 우 제 2, 3 족지의 표재 비골 신경을 요골 신경 분지에 신경 외막 봉합하였고, 동시에 우 제 2, 3족지의 지골 신경을 우 2, 3 수지의 지골 신경에 신경 외막 봉합하고 7년 추시하였으며, 우 수부 무지와 제 2, 3수지를 이용한 식사하기, 글씨 쓰기 그리고 양말 신기 등의 동작이 가능하였다. The hand with amputation of all fingers is useless for activities of daily living and traumatic amputation of some of the fingers can result in the diminished ability to perform power grip and precision grip which is vital to maintain normal function of the hand. Precision grip is used to hold an object between the opposable thumb and flexed fingers. In power grip the object is held between the flexed fingers and the palm while the thumb applies the necessary counterpressure to maintain the grip on the object. A 35 year old male lost his right all fingers including thumb at the level of proximal phalanx from the pressure machinary accident. Thumb was reconstructed using wrap around flap and the second and third fingers were reconstructed using the second and third toe transplantation. Seven years after reconstruction, he uses the reconstructed thumb and the second and the third fingers for eating meals, writing down a paper with a pencil and putting on socks.

Biometric analysis hand parameters in young adults for prosthetic hand and ergonomic product applications

Gkionoul Ntelı Chatzıoglou,Yelda Pınar,Figen Govsa 대한해부학회 2024 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.57 No.2

This study aimed to evaluate the superficial anatomy, kinesiology, and functions of the hand to reveal its morphometry and apply the findings in various fields such as prosthetic hand and protective hand support product design. We examined 51 young adults (32 females, 19 males) aged between 18–30. Hand photographs were taken, and measurements were conducted using ImageJ software. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between personal information and the parameters. The results of the measurements showed the average lengths of finger segments: thumb (49.5±5.5 mm), index finger (63.9±4.1 mm), middle finger (70.7±5.2 mm), ring finger (65.5±4.8 mm), and little finger (53.3±4.3 mm). Both females and males, the left index finger was measured longer than the right index finger. The right ring finger was found to be longer than the left in both sexes. Additionally, length differences between fingers in extended and maximally adducted positions were determined: thumb-index finger (56.1±6.2 mm), index-middle finger (10.7±4.1 mm), middle-ring finger (10.8±1.4 mm), and ring-little finger (25.6±2.7 mm). Other findings included the average radial natural angle (56.4°±10.5°), ulnar natural angle (23.4°±7.1°), radial deviation angle (65.2°±8.2°), ulnar deviation angle (51.2°±9.6°), and grasping/gripping angle (49.1°±5.8°). The average angles between fingers in maximum abduction positions were also measured: thumb-index finger (53.4°±6.5°), index-middle finger (17.2°±2.6°), middle-ring finger (14.3°±2.3°), and ring-little finger (32.1°±7.0°). The study examined the variability in the positioning of proximal interphalangeal joints during maximum metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal flexion, coinciding with maximum distal interphalangeal extension movements. The focal points of our observations were the asymmetrical and symmetrical arches formed by these joints. This study provides valuable hand parameters in young adults, which can be utilized in various applications such as prosthetic design, ergonomic product development, and hand-related research. The results highlight the significance of considering individual factors when assessing hand morphology and function.

High-Resolution Finger MRI: What Should You Look for in Trauma of the Fingers?

Kyoung Yeon Lee,Jiwon Rim,Jung-Ah Choi,Eun Kyung Khil 대한영상의학회 2023 대한영상의학회지 Vol.84 No.5

The fingers are among the most commonly injured structures in traumatic injuries resulting from sports and work. Finger injuries encompass a broad spectrum of injuries to bone and soft tissues, including tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. The high resolution of 3T MRI with dedicated surface coils allows for optimal assessment of the intricate soft tissue structures of the fingers. There have been several reports on detailed MRI features of the basic anatomy and common pathological findings of the finger and hand. Understanding the normal anatomy and familiarization with common traumatic lesions of the ligaments, tendons, and pulleys of the fingers on high-resolution MRI will allow radiologists to perform accurate preoperative evaluations of traumatic hand lesions. The purpose of this study is to review the normal hand anatomy and common traumatic lesions of the finger on high-resolution MRI and correlate them with surgical findings.

Finger Tapping 기기를 활용한 콘텐츠의 sEMG 신호 분석

한상배,변상규,김재훈,신성욱,정성택 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2019 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.19 No.6

In this paper, we would like to support anyone who can rehabilitate conveniently and happily by implementing rehabilitation device and game contents that can improve the motor ability of fingers. So we developed a Finger Tapping Device that can measure finger-regulation ability, accuracy, and agility and implemented tracking, visual response, finger-regulation on game contents by utilizing this device. The verification of usability was confirmed by analyzing sEMG signals during the execution of three types of game contents after attaching sEMG to the flexor digitorum poundus, which is most involved in finger movement. As a result of the experiment, activation of the flexor digitorum poundus was performed during execution of every game contents. Furthermore, we confirmed that there is a difference in agility by measuring the reaction time for each finger according to the visual response. 본 논문은 손가락의 운동능력을 개선시킬 수 있는 재활 기기와 콘텐츠를 구현함으로서 누구나 편리하고 재미있게재활 훈련을 할 수 있도록 돕고자 한다. 그래서 손가락의 조절 능력, 정밀도, 민첩성을 측정할 수 있는 Finger Tapping Device를 제작하고, 이 기기를 사용할 수 있는 콘텐츠로 트래킹, 시각 반응, 손가락 조절을 구현하였다. 이에 대한 유용성 검증은 손가락 움직임에 가장 많이 관여하는 심지굴근에 sEMG를 부착한 후 3종류의 콘텐츠를 수행하는 동안 sEMG 의 신호를 분석하여 확인하였다. 실험 결과로서 모든 콘텐츠 수행하는 동안 심지굴근의 근육 활성화가 이루어졌다. 또한시각 반응에 따른 각 손가락 별 반응 시간을 측정하여 민첩성의 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

Tubed-Groin Flap for Coverage of Deep Burn Injuries in Two Adjacent Fingers: A Case Report

천재영,Lee Nae-Ho,Roh Si-Gyun,Shin Jin Yong 대한창상학회 2022 Journal of Wound Management and Research Vol.18 No.2

The reconstruction of two adjacent fingers is challenging for reconstructive surgeons, especially if there is a circumferential skin and soft-tissue loss along with bone exposure. Herein, we present the case of a 22-year-old male with a circumferential defect in two adjacent fingers due to an electrical burn. The patient had a circumferential soft-tissue defect with middle phalangeal bone exposure in the left index and middle fingers, revealed after serial debridement and ostectomy. After failure of free flap reconstruction, other options were considered, and the defects were repaired using a newly designed tubed-groin flap. Afterwards, flap detachment was performed on postoperative day 21 and provisional syndactyly separation without a skin graft was performed 2 weeks after flap detachment surgery. The patient was satisfied with the well-reconstructed fingers, which demonstrated adequate length and function. A full range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint was restored. The newly designed tubed-groin flap can be an efficient method to easily and effectively reconstruct a circumferential defect in two adjacent fingers.

생체모방형 건구동식 의수의 설계

정성윤,강성균,배주환,문인혁,Jung, Sung-Yoon,Kang, Sung-Kyun,Bae, Ju-Hwan,Moon, In-Hyuk 대한의용생체공학회 2009 의공학회지 Vol.30 No.3

This paper proposes a biomimetic hand prosthesis with tendon-driven five fingers. Each finger is composed of a distal-middle phalange, a proximal phalange and a metacarpal bone, which are connected to a link mechanism. The finger flexion is a resultant motion by pulling a wire to serve as a tendon, but the finger extension is performed by an elastic mechanism composed of a restoration spring. The designed hand prosthesis with tendon-driven five fingers has totally six degrees of freedom. But its weight is merely 400.73g. The hand can perform various hand functions such as the grasping and the hand postures. From experimental results, we show that the proposed hand prosthesis is useful to amputees as a prosthetic hand.

마케팅전략으로써 보석에너지가 소비자에게 미치는 영향 - 탄생석별 오링테스트를 중심으로 -

김창중(Kim Chang Joong),문소이(Moon So I) 한국조형디자인학회 2016 조형디자인연구 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구는 마케팅전략으로 활용하기 위하여 탄생석을 소지하기 전과 소지한 후 오링테스트에 의한 악력 변화 여부와 남녀 성별에 따른 악력 차이 여부에 대하여 실증분석 하였다. 실증분석 결과탄생석을 소지하기 전 보다 탄생석을 소지한 후 악력이 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 남성보다는 여성의 변화가 유의하게 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 탄생석을 소지하면 소지하기 전보다 악력이 증가하고, 특히 남성보다 여성이 더 증가할 것이라는 기존의 막연한 믿음을 실험을 통해 실증분석 하였다는 데에 매우 의의가 있다. 또한 본 연구 결과는 간단한 오링테스트를 통하여 주얼리 소비자들로 하여금 본인의 탄생석을 체험한 후 구입할 수 있는 실증적 근거를 제공함으로써 주얼리 마케팅전략의 실무적 활용에 기여할 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of this study was to identify the change of the fingers’ force through O-Ring Test according to the birthstone possession and the difference of the fingers’ force between males and females for the use of marketing strategy. The results indicate that the fingers’ force was significantly increased before possession of the birthstone, and the fingers’ force of females was significantly increased than the fingers’ force of males. This study can be a very meaningful and worthwhile attempt to empirically analyze the vague existing belief that possession of the birthstones will increase the energy, and the energy of female will be increased more than the energy of male. It is also expected that the results of this study will make a contribution to the practical use of jewelry marketing strategy by providing the empirical purchase basis for the jewelry buyers after experiencing their own birthstones through simple O-Ring Test.