Antioxidant Properties (ABTS, FRAP, Total Phenolic Content) of Alaska and Gochujang Pollock Roes and Fermented Pollock Roe Seasoning

Jong-Soo Jang(장종수),Ji-Young Hwang(황지영),Man Kyu Huh(허만규) 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.12

알래스카 산 대구(Gadus chalcogrammus)는 북태평양에 분포하는 대구과 한류 어종이다. 알래스카 산 대구의 명란 원료, 프리미엄 고추장 명란, 프리미엄 발효 명란을 증류수와 에탄올로 추출하여 2,2"-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS+), 철 환원 항산화능(Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential, FRAP), 총 페놀함량을 평가하였다. 명란 원료의 증류수와 에탄올 추출물의 ABTS+ 소거능은 1.0 mg/ml 농도에서 각각 50.1%, 53.1%였다. 고추장 명란의 증류수와 에탄올 추출물의 ABTS+ 소거능은 1.0 mg/ml 농도에서 각각 71.3%, 71.6%였다. 발효 명란의 증류수와 에탄올 추출물의 ABTS+ 소거능은 1.0 mg/ml 농도에서 각각 68.7%, 70.4%였다. 명란원료의 증류수와 에탄올 추출물의 ABTS+에 대한 최소 저해 농도 값(EC<SUP>50</SUP>)은 각각 12.49 ug/ml과 12.21 ug/ml이었다. 고추장 명란의 증류수와 에탄올 추출물의 FRAP에 대한 최소 저해 농도 값(EC50)은 각각 10.67 ug/ml과 10.56 ug/ml이었다. 발효 명란의 증류수와 에탄올 추출물의 총 페놀 함량에 대한 최소 저해 농도 값(EC50)은 각각 10.45 ug/ml과 10.31 ug/ml이었다. Gallic acid를 대조구로 할 때 총 페놀 함량에 대한 상대적 활성은 명란 원료가 52.0%, 고추장 명란이 61.1%, 발효 명란이 63.6%였다. 명란 원료보다 고추장 명란과 발효 명란에서 ABTS+, FRAP 소거능 및 총 페놀 함량이 우수하였다. The Alaska Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) is distributed in an arc across the North Pacific Ocean. Distilled water extracts (DWE) and ethanol extracts (ETE) of 1.0 mg/ml concentrations of raw Alaska Pollock roe, premium Gochujang Pollock roe, and premium fermented Pollock roe seasoning were evaluated for estimated 2,2`-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), and total phenolic content. The ABTS scavenging activity of the raw Alaska roe DWE and ETE were evaluated at 50.1% and 53.1%, respectively. The ABTS scavenging activity of the Gochujang roe DWE was 68.7% and of the ETE was 70.4%; for the fermented seasoning it was 71.3% and 71.6% for the DWE and ETE, respectively. The ABTS EC50 values of the raw roe DWE and ETE were 12.49 ug/ml and 12.21 ug/ml, respectively. The FRAP EC50 values of the Gochujang roe DWE and ETE were 10.67 ug/ml and 10.56 ug/ml, respectively, and the EC50 values for total phenolic content for the fermented seasoning DWE and ETE were 10.45 ug/ml and 10.31 ug/ml, respectively. When Gallic was acid used as a control, the relative total phenolic content scavenging activity in each ETE was 52.0% (raw Alaska roe), 61.1% (Gochujang roe), and 63.6% (fermented seasoning). In the present study, higher ABTS, FRAP, and total phenolic content were observed in the Gochujang Pollock roe and fermented roe seasoning than in the Alaska Pollock roe.

ABTS+ Radical, Hydroxy Radical (OH), Nitric Oxide (NO), and Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Effects of Ethanol Extracts from Four Seaweed Species for Noodles

Kyung-Soon Cho(조경순) 한국생명과학회 2017 생명과학회지 Vol.27 No.10

4종의 식용 조류, 참김(Porphyra tenera), 미역(Undaria pinnatifida), 톳(Sargassum fusiforme), 잎파래(Enteromorpha linza)의 에탄올 추출물에 대해 ABTS+ 소거활성, 하이드록시 라디칼(OH), 산화질소(NO), 철 이온 환원력(FRAP)을 조사하였다. ABTS+ 소거활성은 Brand-Williams 등의 방법에 따랐다. 톳의 ABTS+ 소거활성은 8.0 mg/ml 일때 61.8%로 가장 높은 반면 잎파래는 동일 농도에서 35.7%로 가장 낮았다. 참 김과 미역은 ABTS+에 대해 유사한 활성 저해를 나타내었다. 하이드록시 라디칼의 저해활성은 톳 > 참김 > 미역 > 잎파래 순이었다. 산화질소는 8.0mg/ml 추출물일 때 톳 > 참김 > 미역 > 잎파래 순이었다. 3.5% 소금과 4종의 조류 추출물을 첨가한 밀가루 반죽을 국수틀에 뽑아낸 후 5분간 끓였을 때 전반적으로 4개의 산화제에 대해 활성저해가 저하되었다. 톳 8.0 mg/ml를 첨가한 국수의 경우 산화질소 활성저해는 27.2%였다. 미역 8.0 mg/ml을 첨가한 국수는 철 이온 환원력이 31.5%였다. 종합적으로 톳 추출물이 ABTS+, OH, NO, FRAP에 대해 활성저해가 가장 높았다. 본 연구 결과 자연적으로 분포하는 참김, 미역, 톳, 파래가 국수의 항산화력 증진에 도움을 준다고 사료되었다. The authors evaluated the scavenging activities of ABTS+ radical, hydroxy radical (OH), nitric oxide (NO), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) from ethanol extracts of four edible alga, Enteromorpha linza, Porphyra tenera, Sargassum fusiforme, and Undaria pinnatifida. ABTS+ scavenging activity was analyzed according to the method of Brand-Williams et al. ABTS+ scavenging activity of S. fusiforme was evaluated to 61.8% at 8.0 mg/ml. ABTS+ scavenging activity of P. tenera was evaluated to 35.7% at 8.0 mg/ml. P. tenera and U. pinnatifida showed similar inhibitions of ABTS+ scavenging activity. According to the results of the OH assay in seaweed, inhibitory activities were in the order of S. fusiforme > P. tenera > U. pinnatifida > E. linza. The results showed scavenging activity for NO in the following order of potency: S. fusiforme > P. tenera > U. pinnatifida > E. linza with concentration values of 8.0 mg/ml. The NO scavenging activities of dough, which was instant noodles mixed with S. fusiforme and 3.5% salt, were 27.2% at 8.0 mg/ml. After boiling for 5 minutes, FRAP scavenging activity of instant noodles mixed with extracts of U. pinnatifida was evaluated to 31.5% at 8.0 mg/ml. S. fusiforme showed the highest inhibition activity of ABTS+, OH, NO, and FRAP among the four algae. Thus, these findings provide evidence that P. tenera, U. Pinnatifida, S. fusiforme, and E. linza extracts could become sources of natural antioxidants.

산수유 꽃 추출물의 항산화 활성에 키토산이 미치는 영향

유보람,김진미,최지선,정병옥,정석진 한국키틴키토산학회 2014 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activities of the D.W., EtOH, MeOH, BuOH, and EtOAc extractsof Cornus officinalis flowers (COF), and COF extracts+Chitosan (Cs). As a result, the yield of extract showed the highest valuein an D.W. extract. The total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin showed 98.95 mg GAE/g, 17.96 mg QE/g, and 81.26 mg TAE/gat the EtOAc extract. The COF extracts at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the ABTS radical scavenging activity and FRAP assayindicated the hightest activity with EtOAc extract. And DPPH was high value in an EtOH extract (90.57%). We knew that theEtOAc extract is good antioxidant potential. It can be seen that these effects are due to the polyphenol and flavonoid. Theaddition of Cs in the extracts of COF improved the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. As the result, extracts of COFand Cs are going to be used as a nature antioxidant and antioxidants substance for functional foods. 추출용매에 따른 산수유 꽃의 항산화활성을 알아보고자 총polyphenol, flavonoid 및 tannin의 함량을 조사하고, 꽃 추출물, 꽃 추출물과+Cs 혼합용액의 DPPH radical 소거활성, ABTS radical 소거활성과 FRAP을 분석하였다. 추출물의 수율은 D.W.가 38.9%로 가장 높았으며, 총 polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin 모두 EtOAc가 다른 추출 용매에 비하여 높은 함량을 나타내었다. D.W., EtOH, MeOH, BuOH, EtOAc 추출물의 1 mg/mL 농도에서 DPPH radical 소거활성은 87.02~ 90.57%의 소거활성을 나타났으며, ABTS radical 소거활성은95.29~96.79%의 높은 활성을 나타냈다. FRAP 활성은 1 mg/ mL 농도에서 흡광도가 0.92~1.72로 EtOAc가 가장 높은 흡광도를 나타내었다. DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity 및 FRAP assay 실험에서 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 항산화력도 증가하였다. 추출물과 Cs 혼합용액의 DPPH 소거활성은 추출물과 Cs 혼합비율이 9:1일 때 EtOH과 Cs 혼합용액이 가장 높은 소거활성을 나타내었으며, ABTS는 혼합비율이 6:4일 때 EtOAc과 Cs 혼합용액이 가장 높은 소거활성을 나타내었으나 FRAP는 EtOAc 추출물에서 가장 높은 항산화력을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 산수유 꽃 추출물의 우수한 항산화력을 나타내었고 키토산과 혼용할 경우 일정농도에서 상승작용을 하는 것으로 보아 기능성식품을 위한 천연항산화 물질로써 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

산수유 꽃 추출물의 항산화 활성에 키토산이 미치는 영향

유보람 ( Bo Ram Yoo ),김진미 ( Jin Mi Kim ),최지선 ( Ji Sun Choi ),정병옥 ( Byung Ok Jung ),정석진 ( Suk Jin Chung ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2014 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.19 No.2

추출용매에 따른 산수유 꽃의 항산화활성을 알아보고자 총 polyphenol, flavonoid 및 tannin의 함량을 조사하고, 꽃 추출 물, 꽃 추출물과+Cs 혼합용액의 DPPH radical 소거활성, ABTS radical 소거활성과 FRAP을 분석하였다. 추출물의 수율은 D.W.가 38.9%로 가장 높았으며, 총 polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin 모두 EtOAc가 다른 추출 용매에 비하여 높은 함량을 나타내었다. D.W., EtOH, MeOH, BuOH, EtOAc 추출물의 1 mg/mL 농도에서 DPPH radical 소거활성은 87.02~ 90.57%의 소거활성을 나타났으며, ABTS radical 소거활성은 95.29~96.79%의 높은 활성을 나타냈다. FRAP 활성은 1 mg/ mL 농도에서 흡광도가 0.92~1.72로 EtOAc가 가장 높은 흡광도를 나타내었다. DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity 및 FRAP assay 실험에서 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 항산화력도 증가하였다. 추출물과 Cs 혼합용액의 DPPH 소거 활성은 추출물과 Cs 혼합비율이 9:1일 때 EtOH과 Cs 혼합 용액이 가장 높은 소거활성을 나타내었으며, ABTS는 혼합비 율이 6:4일 때 EtOAc과 Cs 혼합용액이 가장 높은 소거활성을 나타내었으나 FRAP는 EtOAc 추출물에서 가장 높은 항 산화력을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 산수유 꽃 추출물의 우수한 항산화력을 나타내었고 키토산과 혼용할 경우 일정농도 에서 상승작용을 하는 것으로 보아 기능성식품을 위한 천연 항산화 물질로써 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activities of the D.W., EtOH, MeOH, BuOH, and EtOAc extracts of Cornus officinalis flowers (COF), and COF extracts+Chitosan (Cs). As a result, the yield of extract showed the highest value in an D.W. extract. The total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin showed 98.95 mg GAE/g, 17.96 mg QE/g, and 81.26 mg TAE/g at the EtOAc extract. The COF extracts at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the ABTS radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay indicated the hightest activity with EtOAc extract. And DPPH was high value in an EtOH extract (90.57%). We knew that the EtOAc extract is good antioxidant potential. It can be seen that these effects are due to the polyphenol and flavonoid. The addition of Cs in the extracts of COF improved the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. As the result, extracts of COF and Cs are going to be used as a nature antioxidant and antioxidants substance for functional foods.

참취 추출물과 용매분획물의 항산화 활성

전상민(Sang-Min Jeon),이진영(Jin-Young Lee),김헌웅(Heon-Woong Kim),이영민(Young-Min Lee),장환희(Hwan-Hee Jang),황경아(Kyung-A Hwang),김행란(Haeng-Ran Kim),박동식(Dong-Sik Park) 한국식품영양과학회 2012 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.41 No.9

본 연구는 참취 에탄올 추출물과 용매분획물의 항산화 활성과 총 폴리페놀 함량 및 총 플라보노이드 함량을 측정하고, 생리활성과 항산화 성분 간의 상관관계를 비교?분석하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 70% 에탄올 추출물 99.6 mg GAE eq/g으로 나타났으며, ethyl acetate 분획물 141.9 mg GAE eq/g으로 다른 분획물보다 높은 함량을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 또한 총 플라보노이드 함량도 ethyl acetate 분획물에서 105.6 mg QUE eq/g으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다(p<0.05). DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 ABTS 라디칼 소거능의 경우 ethyl acetate 분획물 1,000 μg/mL 농도에서 97.1% 및 98.7%를 보여 대조군인 ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol 및 BHT와 유사한 소거능을 나타내었다(p<0.05). SOD 유사활성은 ethyl acetate 분획물 1,000 μg/mL 농도에서 42.8%의 활성을 나타내어 DPPH, ABTS 라디칼 소거능보다 비교적 낮은 활성을 나타내었다(p<0.05). FRAP에 의한 환원력 측정 결과에서도 ethyl acetate 분획물에서 높은 활성을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 그러나 Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> chelating 활성 측정은 chloroform 분획물 1,000μg/mL 농도에서 81.8%로 높게 나타났으며, 오히려 ethyl acetate 분획물에서는 6.2%로 가장 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과 참취 70% 에탄올 추출물과 용매 분획물 중 ethyl acetate 분획물이 다량의 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드를 함유하고 있으며, 항산화 효과가 높게 나타났다. 따라서 참취는 천연 항산화 소재 및 기능성식품으로의 활용 가능한 약용식물자원인 것으로 판단된다. As an effort to develop functional food ingredients and to discover the biological activity, the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> chelating of Aster scaber were measured using a 70% ethanol extract and various solvent fractions. As a result, the total phenolic concent was highest in an ethyl acetate fraction of 141.9mg GAE eq/g and the total flavonoid content was 105.6 mg QUE eq/g. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was highest in an ethyl acetate fraction of 97.1% at a concentration of 1,000 μg/mL (p<0.05). The ABTS radical scavenging activity showed a 86.9% ethyl acetate fraction and a 57.9% butanol fraction at a concentration of 125 μg/mL, and higher than that of positive control (α-tocopherol and BHT) (p<0.05). The SOD-like activity showed 42.8% in an ethyl acetate at a concentration of 1,000 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest value of FRAP at 1051.9 μM and a concentration of 1,000 μg/mL (p<0.05). The Fe2+chelating was highest in the 70.1% chloroform fraction at a concentration of 500 μg/mL (p<0.05). There is the highest correlation between DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP (r=0.981) as compared to other antioxidant assays (p<0.01). With these results, we confirmed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Aster scaber has great antioxidant potential. So it can be expected to be developed into a specific functional food ingredient.

나무딸기, 복분자, 블랙베리의 페놀성 화합물 조성, 함량 및 항산화 활성비교

김지상,문용선,곽은정 한국원예학회 2018 원예과학기술지 Vol.36 No.1

Three characteristics which determine fruit quality, namely composition and content of bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity, were analyzed in three raspberry cultivars (Rubus idaeus L.), two Korean raspberry varieties (Rubus coreana Miq., Rubus spp.), and two blackberry cultivars (Rubus fruticosus L.). The highest levels of bioactive compounds and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging activity were found in the cultivated Korean raspberry, followed by the wild Korean raspberry. The wild variety showed the smallest fruit with high sugar content and low acidity. While the yellow raspberry ‘Golden Harvest’ did not have anthocyanins, the flavonoid content was higher than in the wild Korean raspberry. Its high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity might be related to the high level of epicatechin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in the berry fruits. The ‘Thornfree’ blackberry contained less bioactive compounds with the exception of total anthocyanins, and less antioxidant activities when compared with the wild Korean raspberry. The bioactive compound and antioxidant activities in the ‘Canby’ red raspberry were two times higher than in the cultivated Korean red raspberry. While the cultivated red raspberries showed good sensory acceptance due to the high sugar content and low acidity, it was the cultivar with the least amount of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities among the seven Rubus fruits. These results contribute to the knowledge of the differences in composition, content of phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities in the different cultivars and will aid in the selection of cultivars for breeding. 본 연구에서는 나무딸기, 복분자, 블랙베리의 품종에 따른 품질특성, phenol성 화합물의 조성과 유효성분(총 phenol성 화합물, 총 flavonoid, 총 anthocyanin) 함량 및 항산화 활성을 측정하였다. 유효성분 함량 및 FRAP법과 ABTS법에 의한 항산화 활성은 재배종 복분자가 시료 과실 중 가장 높았고, 다음은 크기는 작지만 높은 당도와 낮은 산도를 갖는 야생 복분자가 높았다. 황색 나무딸기 ‘Golden Harvest’는 anthocyanin 색소를 함유하지 않지만 flavonoid 함량은 야생 복분자보다 높았으며, 특히epicatechin 함량이 시료 중 가장 높았다. 또한 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 함량도 매우 높았는데 이들 고농도의 phenol성 화합물이‘Golden Harvest’의 높은 DPPH free radical 소거능과 관련이 있는 것으로 추측되었다. 블랙베리 ‘Thornfree’는 크기가 가장 크고 anthocyanin 함량은 야생 복분자와 유사한 정도로 높았으나(p < 0.05), 다른 phenol성 화합물 함량과 항산화 활성은 야생 복분자보다 낮았다. 적색 나무딸기 ‘Canby’는 국내 재배종 나무딸기보다 유효성분과 항산화 활성이 2배 정도 높았다. 국내 재배종 나무딸기는 당도는 높고 산도는 낮아 생과로 이용하기 적당하나, 유효성분과 항산화 활성은 다른 시료과실에 비해 낮은 경향이었다. 이상의 과실별 품종에 따른 품질특성, phenol성 화합물의 조성과 함량 및 항산화 활성의 차이에 대한 정보는 과실재배와 육종뿐 아니라 식품과 의약품 제조 시 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

FDY003의 항산화활성 및 표준화 연구

이대연,김완수,이호성,이영우,조주휘,이인희 대한한방내과학회 2019 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.40 No.6

Objectives: FDY003 is a raw material for medicine consisting of a natural product that is expected to have the advantages of low side effects and high efficacy. In this study, we predict the efficacy and the standardization of the drug by method validation of anticipated index compounds and the measurement of antioxidant activity. Methods: FDY003 is prepared by extracting and purifying 70% of ethyl alcohol (EtOH). The method validation of cordycepin and chlorogenic acid was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array (HPLC-PDA) and the content of FDY003 was calculated. In order to monitor the biological activity of FDY003, antioxidant activity was measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The equivalent values of antioxidants such as trolox, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, and caffeic acid were measured by ABTS and FRAP. Results: Chlorogenic acid and cordycepin were both found suitable for method validation in HPLC and FDY003 containing 9.92±0.50 and 17.97±0.27 μg/g, respectively. In DPPH, the electron donating ability (EDA) value of FDY003 was increased in a concentration dependent manner. FDY003 confirmed antioxidant activity by ABTS and FRAP. Conclusions: FDY003 contains certain components including cordycepin and chlorogenic acid and has antioxidant ability by various mechanisms. Therefore, it is expected that FDY003 is capable of various physiological activities including anti-cancer activity.

식품가공부산물에서 항산화 활성을 가진 천연보존제의 개발

한지현,서형석,정진도 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2020 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.37 No.6

By-products such as waste and sludge that are generated from food processing can sometimes be used as fertilizersor feed, but a majority is treated as waste, which makes it challenging to recycle resources. In this study, food wastematerials were interrogated for by-products that had antioxidant activities. Waste samples included polyphenols, DPPH,flavonoids, ABTS+ radical, and FRAP. Results showed that the total polyphenols had a high content of Aronia Marcextract (27.58 μg/g) in the ethanol extract and Rice bran (21.29 μg/g) in the water extract. DPPH Radical Eradicationwas 94.71% in the ethanol extract and 94.71% in the water extract, with the best antioxidant effect observed for Punicagranatum. The total flavonoid contents included Isatidis folium (9.69 μg/g) in the ethanol extract and Citrus sinensis Marc(9.88 μg/g) in the water extract. Wheat bran from the ethanol extract at both 100 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL neutralized 99.70%of ABTS+ radical function, while Rice husk at 1,000 μg/mL neutralized 99.27% of ABTS+ radical function. The waterextract of 1,000 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL contained 100% of red ginseng. High FRAP reducing capabilitieswere observed for Wheat bran at 100 μg/mL of ethanol extract (304.03 abs), red ginseng at 500 μg/mL (590.52 abs) or1,000 ug/mL (979.24 abs) in water extract. Moreover, the FRAP reducing capabilities of Red ginseng marc at 100 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL and 1,000 μg/mL of water extract were 342.32 abs, 586.93 abs, and 961.98 abs. As a by-product thatsuppresses oxidation caused by radicals, it is believed that vegetable waste that can use antioxidant materials and recycleresources can be used as a friendly preservative.

고온고압증기멸균이 우황청심원에 미치는 영향

조창영 ( Chang Young Cho ),이인희 ( In Hee Lee ),이재웅 ( Jae Woong Lee ),김은지 ( Eun Jee Kim ),이진호 ( Jin Ho Lee ),김민정 ( Min Jeong Kim ) 한방재활의학과학회 2015 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Objectives To check marker content for appropriate quality control of Woohwangchungsimwon sterilized to ensure microbiological safety and to observe antioxidant activity for any changes in efficacy. Methods To measure any effects of sterilization on the effective compounds, 8 ingredients of Woohwangchungsimwon were screened for any changes in marker content using HPLC-DAD. Using the colorimetric method on the microplate reader any changes in total phenolic compound and flavonoid levels were observed. Antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. Results Of the ingredients of Woohwangchungsimwon, 8 were subject to quantitative analysis before and after sterilization. 21.6 mg and 1.93 mg of Glycyrrhizin was found in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer pre and post sterilization, respectively. Decursin found in Angelica gigas Nakai increased from 0.16 mg to 0.29 mg after sterilization. Bilirubin found in Gallstone of Bostaurusvar. domesticus increased from 0.24 mg to 0.33 mg. Cinnamic acid found in Cinnamomum cassia Blume increased from 0.02 mg to 0.05 mg. Ginsenoside Rb1 found in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer decreased from 0.02 mg to 0.14 mg. Paeoniflorin found in Paeonia lactiflora Pallas increased from 1.05 mg to 1.13 mg. Amygdalin found in Armeniacae Amarum Semen increased from 2.68 mg to 2.83 mg. L-muscone found in Musk increased from 0.63 mg to 0.76 mg. As for total phenolic compound and total flavonoid content, there was a 1.22 and 4.15-fold increase. DPPH and ABTS increased by 20.45% and 20.69%, respectively. FRAP activity was 2.78 times more active post stabilization. Conclusions This study confirmed that high temperature high pressure steam sterilization, a method used to ensure microbiological safety of Woohwangchungsimwon, does not affect marker content; in other words, does not affect quality of the Woohwangchungsimwon. It could also be seen that total phenolic compound and flavonoid content increased after sterilization. An antioxidant activity test showed that there was significantly increased activity of antioxidants. (J Korean Med Rehab 2015;25(1):45-52)

Cellulase와 Pectinase를 이용한 사과껍질 폴리페놀 추출 및 항산화 활성 평가

박민경(Min-Kyung Park),김철현(Cherl-Hyun Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구에서는 cellulase와 pectinase 활성을 가진 Viscozyme과 Pectinex를 이용하여 사과껍질로부터 폴리페놀을 추출하고 추출액의 항산화활성 정도를 알아보았다. 건조하지 않은 사과껍질과 증류수를 1:1(w/v)로 혼합하여 마쇄한 후 Viscozyme과 Pectinex를 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1% 및 2% (v/v)로 개별 또는 혼합처리하고 30℃~50℃에서 12시간과 24시간 반응시킨 후 총 페놀 함량을 측정하였다. 총 페놀함량은 효소농도와 반응온도에 따라 증가하였으며, 2% 농도로 12시간 처리한 추출액의 총 페놀 함량(㎎/㎖)을 온도별로 비교하면 30℃에서는 Viscozyme, Pectinex 및 Viscozyme+Pectinex 처리구가 각각 0.30±0.02, 0.16±0.01 및 0.33±0.02, 40℃에서는 각각 0.34±0.01, 0.19±0.01 및 0.35±0.02, 50℃에서는 각각 0.34±0.01, 0.22±0.01 및 0.38±0.02로 나타났다. 모든 온도에서 Viscozyme이 Pectinex보다 월등히 효과적이며(p<0.01), 50℃에서 처리한 경우 Viscozyme+Pectinex가 Viscozyme보다 효과적이었다(p<0.05). 그러나 12시간과 24시간에서의 유의적 함량차이는 없어 효소반응이 12시간 전에 최대를 이룬 것으로 사료된다. Viscozyme+Pectinex를 2% 농도로 혼합처리하고 50℃에서 12시간 반응시킨 사과껍질 효소추출액의 항산화활성을 DPPH, ABTS(TEAC) 및 FRAP법으로 측정한 결과 시료농도가 증가함에 따라 항산화활성도 비례적으로 증가하는 것으로 확인되었다. The effect of cellulolytic (Viscozyme) and pectolytic (Pectinex) enzyme treatments on extraction of total polyphenol and antioxidant activity of extract from apple peel have been examined. Extraction was carried out with a dosage of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2% (v/v) of Viscozyme, Pectinex and Viscozyme+Pectinex at 30~50℃ for 12~24 hours. Total polyphenol contents (㎎/㎖) of extracts obtained with 2% of Viscozyme, Pectinex or Viscozyme+Pectinex treatment for 12 hours were 0.30±0.02, 0.16±0.01, and 0.33±0.02 at 30℃, 0.34±0.01, 0.19±0.01, and 0.35±0.02 at 40℃ and 0.34±0.01, 0.22±0.01, and 0.38±0.02 at 50℃ respectively. The result shows that Viscozyme was more effective than Pectinex at all experimental temperatures, and Viscozyme+ Pectinex resulted in the highest phenolic content at 50oC. Antioxidant activities determined by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays were increased with concentrations of extracts produced by 2% of Viscozyme+Pectinex treatment, which ranged from 0.10 to 0.40 vit. C eq mM for 5~25 ㎎ of dried matters, from 0.09 to 0.28 vit. C eq mM for 1~5 ㎎ of dried matters, and from 0.06 to 1.85 FeSO₄ eq mM for 1~5 ㎎ of dried matters, respectively.