실업계 고등학교 평가를 위한 영역 및 지표개발

강경종 한국농·산업교육학회 2006 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.38 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop evaluation Evaluation Areas and Indicators for vocational high schools by major fields, which could keep the continuity and the credibility by way of revising the current evaluation tools, and enhance the rationality of evaluation results. To accomplish the purpose of the study, firstly, the various related concepts of the school evaluation were explored by reviewing previous related studies and data analysis, and to find the suggestions for developing the evaluation standards for vocational high schools those were analyzed the current state of the domestic school evaluation. In order to establish the evaluation areas and items by the major fields of study, two-round Delphi technique was used to collect data through a series of survey to obtain the consensus of a group of experts in evaluation of vocational high school. In addition, the workshop was held to verify the credibility of the evaluation areas and the evaluation item and develop specific evaluation items by each evaluation item and evaluation indicators by each specific evaluation item. Based on the results, six areas, nineteen sub-areas, sixty nine indicators were identified fitness for Evaluation of Vocational High School 이 연구의 목적은 실업계 고교의 환경변화 및 직업교육에 대한 시대적 요구에 대응하고, 단위학교 운영의 효율성과 효과성 제고를 통한 실업계 고등학교 운영 체제 개선을 위해 실업계 고등학교에 대한 평가 영역 및 지표를 개발하는 것이다.이 연구에서는 실업계 고등학교 평가 관련 선행연구 등을 통해 영역, 항목, 지표와 그 외의 문헌 연구 결과, 직업교육의 환경 변화, 시대적 요구 및 혁신 방안 등에서 제시한 내용에서 추출된 결과를 기초로 제1차 델파이 조사도구에 포함된 ⑴학교발전계획, ⑵교육과정, ⑶교원, ⑷학생, ⑸시설 및 설비, ⑹지역사회와의 연계, ⑺교육성과의 7개 영역, 25개 항목, 90개의 평가지표 등을 도출하고 제2차 델파이 조사를 통해서 추가되거나 수정되어야 할 문항을 조사한 결과, 16개 지표를 추가하고 12개 지표를 수정하였다. 그 결과 6개 영역, 19개 항목, 69개의 평가지표를 최종적으로 선정하였다.실업계 고등학교의 개선 및 교육의 질 관리를 위해서는 이러한 평가 지표를 통한 지속적인 학교 평가의 실시와 평가 결과의 피드백이 정례적으로 이루어져야 한다. 이를 위해서는 평가 목적, 방법, 절차, 운영조직, 주기, 영역, 결과의 활용을 명시화하고, 평가에 필요한 인력 및 재정 확보를 위한 실업계 고등학교 평가 정책이 입안될 필요가 있다.

한문과(漢文科) 질문형(質問型) 수행평가(遂行評價)의 운영(運營)과 그 성과(成果)

송영일 ( Young Il Song ) 韓國漢字漢文敎育學會 2009 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.22 No.-

中等學校 漢文은 `2007 개정 한문 과목 교육과정`에서 중학교는 재량선택 교과에, 고등학교는 교양 선택과목 군에 속해 있다. 새 敎育課程에서 漢文이 선택 교과인 점을 고려하여 漢文科 敎育은 교육 수요자의 관심과 요구를 적극 반영해야 하며, 지식 생성력을 배양하는 교육이 될 수 있도록 교육적 역량을 强化해야 한다. 本 硏究는 `漢文科 質問型 遂行評價의 運營과 그 成果`에 대한 現場 硏究物로써, 제1, 2차 년도의 設問調査 結果를 中心으로 요약·정리해 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 效果的인 授業 活動을 가능케 하였다. 敎授·學習 活動 中 유창성과 융통성, 비지시성, 명확성, 효율적 의사소통 면에서 교육적 성과를 낳았다. 둘째, 學習動機와 興味 誘發에 효과적이었다. 학습내용 면에서는 지식·이해와 문제해결력 등에, 학습태도 면에서는 학습자의 동기와 흥미 유발에 敎育的 效果가 높았다. 셋째, 遂行評價의 役割을 强化하였다. 旣存 漢文科 遂行評價는 대부분 한자쓰기와 수업태도 등에 비중을 두고 운영한 사례가 많았다. 본 연구에서는 질문기술 개발과 다양한 질문유형 등을 활용하여 학습자의 능동적 수업 참여와 흥미도를 높여 수행평가의 역할을 强化하였다. 漢文科 敎育에서 質問 授業은 敎科 敎育의 立地를 더욱 견고히 해 줄 수 있으며, 授業의 質을 한 차원 끌어올릴 수 있는 原動力이 되어 줄 것이다. 특히 漢文科 質問型 遂行評價는 교수·학습 방법과 수행평가에 대한 竝行 硏究로, 第7次 改正 敎育課程期 수요자 중심 교육에 순응하고 학습자의 흥미와 호기심을 자극하여 교수·학습의 효과를 倍加시킬 수 있는 최적의 授業 模型 硏究라는 점에서 그 意義는 매우 크다. The question-answer type of performance evaluation of Sino-Korean subject is the combination of question-answer classes and performance evaluation, and is the synthetic observation and evaluation of the responses and thinking process of learners, such as understanding, problem-solving capability, and creativity of the Sino-Korean classes of learners. It was progressed in the order of the whole rangle of planning and application, and input and operation of the question-answer type of performance evaluation of Sino-Korean subject. Based on the analysis of the questionnaires, this study aimed to find out the effect and problems, and the strength and weakness in terms of the contents, methods, and evaluation of teaching and learning of the question-answer type of performance evaluation. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, as for the contents, they can be classified into the contents of Sino-Korean subject and Hanja phrases besides the subject. the question-answer type of performance evaluation was implemented, focusing on the phrases besides the subject in 1st year, and on the contents of the subject in the 2nd year. In the result of the questionnaires, the question-answer type of performance evaluation focusing on the phrases showed higher validity and reliability than the contents of the subject. This result shows that the contents of questions and the academic level of learners of that year were not the same as those of the previous year, and when the question-answer type of performance evaluation is conducted only focusing on the phrases, it is required to supplement and have measures as the education course of Sino-Korean subject can be carelessly handled. Second, as for the methods, the question-answer type of performance evaluation was more effective in inducing interest and motivation, attention, the communication between teachers and students, and the improvement of problem-solving capability, compared with other performance evaluation methods. In contrast, there was a relatively lower support in the areas of the understanding of the concept and principle of the contents of the subject, and the creativity, arrangement and integration of learners. It seems that the training of question-suggesting techniques of teachers, and the systemic research of teaching and learning method can supply the good clues of solving problems. Third, as for evaluation, the performance evaluation of Sino-Korean subject was mostly made up of the evaluation of writing, attitude, short-query, and portfolio, and the question-answer type of performance evaluation similar to this study was not almost implemented. Seeing the result of the questionnaires of 1st, 2nd year on the question-answer performance evaluation, 92.01% of learners answered that it was more effective, compared with other performance evaluation methods, which means that the question-answer type of performance evaluation of Sino-Korean subject is very successful, and the educational availability of the subject in the performance evaluation of Sino-Korean subject will increase in the future. Considering the results of this study, the question-answer type of performance evaluation made Sino-Korean subject class vital by stimulating the curiosity of learners, and made learners have interest and confidence in Sino-Korean classes by raising the degree of attending classes of the learners. And also, it created the chances to review and integrate the contents of the study that the learners learned before, and made the need and academic level of students diagnosed. Especially, by controlling the students effectively, it provided the conditions for us to hold the class, and in that it is possible for teachers to evaluate their classes, there is a meaning of this study. However, as it is easy to have a class focusing on the excellent students, difficult to have consistency and integration of thinking, and question items are exposed according to the time difference of classes, there is a problem that the reliability of evaluation can be dropped. Also, it is not easy to acquire the question-suggesting techniques for proceeding the question-answer type of performance evaluation, and it is required to take complementary measures as the poor operation of the question-answer type of performance evaluation can lower the quality of the class by making the object of subject study unclear, and the education course of Sino-Korean subject can be carelessly handled. With the knowledge-based society of 21C coming on, to make Sino-Korean Subject as a major one which succeeds to and develops our traditional culture and recreates the life and wisdom of ancestors, the position of subject education should be strengthened. Also, to do that, it is necessary for us to seek the improvement in quality of Sino-Korean education through the deepened research and spread of the various evaluation models, such as this kind of the question-answer type of performance evaluation.

통합환경관리제도 운영을 위한 최적가용기법 평가·선정기법 연구

박재홍 ( Jae Hong Park ) 한국물환경학회 2017 한국물환경학회지 Vol.33 No.3

The process of evaluating and selecting the best available techniques confers various characteristics for each country. In the case of EU, the BAT is selected through a TWG meeting after the first screening, mass and energy balance, impact assessment, and decision support process. Korea has proposed four principles for the selection of BAT that can be carbon neutral for each environmental infrastructure,in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To evaluate and select the best available technique, it is necessary to differentiate the methods based on its general application at the current workplace, whether it is a single technique or a combination technique, and whether it is a technological or management technique. In the case of single technique, flirther evaluation is required whether it is applied at the workplace, excessive cost,superior environmental performance over BAT, and secondary environmental pollution. In the case of multiple techniques, it is necessary to examine whether the emission standards are met and whether the pollutants can be treated at the same level as BAT. In the case of BAT candidates for management techniques, evaluating their direct/indirect contribution in lowering the emission level of pollutants can be an important factor. In the case of environmental techniques that are not generally applied at the workplace, it is recommended that the following 8 steps be carried out, including those prescribed by law. The first stage lists the performance evaluation factors. In the second stage, the level of disposal of pollutants and the level of satisfaction with standards are listed. The third stage lists the environmental evaluation elements, and the fourth stage lists the economic evaluation elements. Step 6 lists the pollution and accident prevention evaluation factors, step 7 quantitatively evaluates the technical working group, and step 8 is the BAT confirmation through deliberation of the central environmental policy committee.

하천공간관리를 위한 하천구역 구분 기법 연구

송주일,윤세의 국토연구원 2008 국토연구 Vol.59 No.-

A classification technique of river zones was suggested in this paper. River could be divided into conservation and improvement zones(rehabilitation and recreation zones) by using the classification technique. The classification technique was developed from the existing studies and based on ‘the river environment evaluation criteria’. Wildness, water quality, flow, etc. are used as evaluation criterions to decide conservation or improvement of river zones. Improvement zones are divided into rehabilitation and recreation zones by level of the relationship between human and river. Also, this technique includes a table to check flood risk. 16 river zones of Chungmi, Donghwa and Hwanggu stream were selected and evaluation scores of three kinds of river zones were investigated to check over application. The result of application, a average score of conservation zone(62.8) was higher than the other zones among the average evaluation scores to decide conservation or improvement, and average scores of rehabilitation(54.3) and recreation zones(49.8) were similar. However, the evaluation scores to be classified into rehabilitation(33.1) and recreation zones(50.3) had a big difference. This means that river zones could be classified by evaluation score of this technique along the river. However, further studies are necessary to propose accurate ranges of evaluation score for river zone classification after more investigations of rivers.

AHP를 이용한 정부출연연구소 평가 모형 연구

손은일,백창화 한국품질경영학회 2022 품질경영학회지 Vol.50 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the current status and investigate relevant indicators so that R&D performance evaluation suitable for government-funded research institutes can proceed. A suitable performance evaluation model was presented based on the surveyed indicators. Based on the presented performance evaluation model, the importance was analyzed to calculate the weight for each indicator of the performance evaluation model. Methods: The method applied in this study presented a performance evaluation model based on the organizational performance evaluation cases of advanced overseas countries. By using the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique, the weight of each indicator of the performance evaluation model was studied. Results: As a result of examining the indicators necessary for the evaluation model, focusing on overseas cases, 13 evaluation items were derived. A weight was calculated for the importance of the study results. And the scientific/technical research results showed the highest excellence. Conclusion: Key indicators of performance evaluation suitable for government-funded research institutes were derived and presented through detailed modeling in three stages. A realistic model that can objectively evaluate the performance of government-funded research institutes was proposed using the AHP technique.

델파이 방법을 적용한 AI 교육콘텐츠 학생용 사용성 평가도구 개발 연구

김윤영(Younyoung KIM),김두규(Du-Gyu KIM),한상준(Sang-Jun HAN),윤혜정(Hye-Jung YUN),박미현(Mi-Hyun PARK),허균(Gyun HEO) 한국수산해양교육학회 2022 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.34 No.2

The purpose of this study is to develop a usability evaluation tool for artificial intelligence educational content that students can use in schools. Literature review were analyzed to derive evaluation elements for usability test. Based on this, a three-round Delphi study was conducted on selected expert panels. As a result of the study, the usability evaluation tool for students consisted of four evaluation areas: system, UI, learning content, learning method, and evaluation. As a sub-area, 19 evaluation categories, 38 evaluation indicators, and 51 evaluation factors were derived for usability evaluation tools for student. The usability evaluation factors were confirmed to be valid and reliable by checking the median, CVR, consensus, and Cronbach’s α. The AI education content usability evaluation tool developed through this study is expected to provide a checklist for learner-centered and educationally effective AI education content development.

육군 분석평가제도 발전 방향

김증기 ( Jeung Ki Kim ) 국방대학교 안보문제연구소 2008 국방연구 Vol.51 No.3

ROK Army will require more scientific approach in military power construction through trials of national defense reformation 2020. However acquisition of financial support will be expected more difficult to construct technology-based future army. The function of analysis & evaluation system supports more effective decision-making in military power construction by applying scientific analysis technique. In order to put forth an effective national defense reformation and secured financial support, break-through development of analysis & evaluation system is essential. In this paper, it analyzes-the world most advanced-US army`s PPBES (Planning Programming Budgeting and Execution System) and analysis & evaluation system. Then ROK Army`s PPBEES (Planning Programming Budgeting and Execution Evaluation System) and analysis & evaluation system is diagnosed, and the development direction of ROK Army`s analysis & evaluation system is suggested. First of all, a general regime and procedure regarding PPBEES and analysis & evaluation system should be systematized. Secondly, an organization and function of analysis & evaluation system should be strengthened.

지적장애학생 진단,평가에 대한 교사의 실천과제

김재천 ( Jae Cheon Kim ),조인수 ( In Soo Cho ) 한국지적장애교육학회(구 한국정신지체아교육학회) 2014 지적장애연구 Vol.16 No.4

이 연구는 지적장애학생 진단·평가에 대한 요인을 분석하여 교육 현장에서 활용할 수 있는 진단·평가에 대한 교사의 실천과제를 제시하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위하여 지적장애 특수학교, 특수학급 및 특수교육지원센터 교사 900명을 연구대상으로 선정하여 진단·평가에 대한 중요도 인식수준을 조사·분석하였고, 델파이 조사를 통하여 10명의 전문가 의견을 수렴하여 합의를 도출하였다. 주요 연구결과는 첫째, 진단·평가에 대한 요인을 분석하기 위해 설문지를 구성하고 조사·분석한 결과 총 52개 문항을 도출하였고, 11개의 요인으로 분석되었으며, 6개 영역 11개 하위요소로 재배치하였다. 둘째, 진단·평가에 대한 교사의 실천과제를 제시하기 위해 델파이 조사를 실시한 결과 최종적으로 54개의 항목이 타당성을 인정받았다. 제시된 실천과제는 6개 영역(진단·평가의 목적, 진단·평가의 공통검사, 발견 및 선별을 위한 검사, 선정 및 배치를 위한 진단·평가, 개별화교육계획 수립을 위한 진단·평가, 진단·평가에 대한 이해와 지원), 10개 하위요소(진단·평가에 대한 인식, 기초자료 수집, 발달척도의 확인, 전문가 및 유관기관 활용, 지능과 적응행동 수준분석, 특수교사의 역할, 지원요구 파악, 검사도구의 활용, 목표 설정, 진단·평가에 대한 지원), 54개 항목으로 구조화되었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of diagnosis and evaluation of students with intellectual disabilities, and thereby suggest teachers’ implementation tasks for performing diagnosis and evaluation in the educational field. We have surveyed and analyzed the perceived importance of diagnosis and evaluation on 900 teachers working in special schools, special classes, or special education support centers for students with intellectual disabilities. We have also used the delphi technique to derive a consensus from 10 expert opinions. Our first major result is that our survey consists of 52 questions with 11 factors, and that we have restructured these into 6 areas and 11 sub-items. Second, the delphi technique led us to 54 rational items for teachers’ implementation tasks for performing diagnosis and evaluation. The implementation tasks we suggest consist of 6 areas (purpose of diagnosis and evaluation, common test of diagnosis and evaluation, test for detection and screening, diagnosis and evaluation for selection and placement, diagnosis and evaluation for establishing individualized educational plans, understanding and supporting diagnosis and evaluation), 10 sub-areas (awareness of diagnosis and evaluation, collecting basis data, identifying development measures, utilizing experts and related institutions, analyzing intelligence and adaptation, role of special education teachers, understanding support demands, using test instruments, setting goals, supporting diagnosis and evaluation), and 54 items.

경사진 임플란트에서 임플란트 인상의 정확도 평가를 위한 역공학 기법

정홍택,이기선,송소연,박진홍,이정열 大韓齒科補綴學會 2021 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.59 No.3

Purpose. The aim of this study was (1) to compare the reverse engineering technique with other existing measurement methods and (2) to analyze the effect of implant angulations and impression coping types on implant impression accuracy with reverse engineering technique. Materials and methods. Three different master models were fabricated and the distance between the two implant center points in parallel master model was measured with different three methods; digital caliper measurement (Group DC), optical measuring (Group OM), and reverse engineering technique (Group RE). The 90 experimental models were fabricated with three types of impression copings for the three different implant angulation and the angular and distance error rate were calculated. One-way ANOVA was used for comparison among the evaluation methods (P < .05). The error rates of experimental groups were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (P < .05). Results. While there was significant difference between Group DC and RE (P < .05), Group OM had no significant difference compared with other groups (P > .05). The standard deviations in reverse engineering were much lower than those of digital caliper and optical measurement. Hybrid groups had no significant difference from the pick-up groups in distance error rates (P > .05). Conclusion. The reverse engineering technique demonstrated its potential as an evaluation technique of 3D accuracy of impression techniques. 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 (1) 기존에 존재하던 몇 가지 다른 임플란트 인상의 정확도 평가방법들과 역공학 기술을 비교하고 (2) 역공학 기술로 임플란트 식립 방향 및 임플란트 인상용 코핑의 종류에 따른 인상 채득의 정확도를 평가하는 것이다. 재료 및 방법: 임플란트 식립 방향에 따른 세 가지 다른 마스터 모델을 제작하였고, 그 중 임플란트를 평행하게 식립한 마스터 모델에서 두 임플란트 중심점 사이의 거리를 다음과 같은 세 가지 방법으로 측정하였다 (디지털 캘리퍼를 이용한 측정 방법(그룹 DC), 광학 사진을 이용한 측정 방법(그룹 OM) 및 역공학 기술을 이용한 측정 방법(그룹 RE)). 세 종류의 마스터 모델 별로 각각 세 가지 유형의 임프레션 코핑을 이용하여 인상을 채득한 후 총 90개의 실험 모델을 제작하였으며 각 실험 모델들과 마스터 모델 간의 각도 및 거리의 오차율(error rate)을 계산하였다. 세 가지 평가 방법 간의 비교에는 One-way ANOVA가 사용되었다 (P < .05). 각 실험 그룹들의 오차율은 two-way ANOVA를 이용하여 분석하였다 (P < .05). 결과: 그룹 DC의 오차율과 그룹 RE의 오차율 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었지만 (P < .05), 그룹 OM의 오차율을 다른 그룹들과 비교하였을 때는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다 (P > .05). 역공학 기술로 측정한 오차율의 표준 편차는 디지털 캘리퍼 및 광학 사진 측정으로 계산한 오차율의 표준 편차보다 상당히 낮았다. 하이브리드 인상용 코핑 그룹은 거리오차율에서 픽업 인상용 코핑 그룹과 큰 차이가 없었다 (P > .05). 결론: 본 실험을 통해 역공학 기술이 임플란트 인상의 삼차원적인 정확도 평가 기법으로서의 잠재력이 있음을 확인하였다.

경영참여형 사모펀드(PEF)의 가치평가모형과 투자성과 평가기법에 관한 연구

이원흠 한국경영교육학회 2017 경영교육연구 Vol.32 No.5

[Purpose]Private Equity Funds(PEFs) are subject to legal restrictions on the financing of investment funds and have a finite investment period. In assessing PEF’s investment performance, assuming that the PEF’s fund life will continue indefinitely for the amount of tax savings enjoyed by the PEF, there is a risk of overestimating the business value of the investment. [Methodology]I develop new valuation models to address the finite time-horizon and limited recourse conditions of PEFs. And I also apply the models to PEFs as new performance evaluation techniques of NPV and IRR. [Findings]I derive the after-tax weighted average cost of capital(Ko) and equity capital cost(Ke) model of SPC as the time-varying cost of capital. And APV(Ku), FCF(Ko) and CFE(Ke) models, as the valuation model of SPC investment, are derived and applied to NPV method. I also introduce the IRR method that applies Ku as an investment cut-off rate to PEF SPC investment performance evaluation.I develop investment performance evaluation methods to be applied to the PEF LP(limited partner) investor in the step of recovering the stake of SPC. The profitability index(PEF PI) is introduced as the present value multiple of the investment value of PEF LP obtained by recovering the stake of the target company invested by SPC on the capital call of the PEF. I also introduced IRR technique, which applies Ku as an investment cutoff rate to evaluate the investment performance of PEF LP. [Implications]This study found that the traditional performance evaluation techniques such as NPV and IRR methods should be modified when applied to the evaluation of PEF. I develop a proper valuation models which can be used as a basis for the applied techniques. [연구목적]본 연구에서는 경영참여형 사모편드(이하 “PEF”)의 투자성과 평가기법을 재검토하는 과정에서 PEF의 투자구조가 일반적으로 합자회사 PEF의 출자 → 투자목적회사 SPC의 자금조달 → 투자대상회사에 대한 투자와 같이 3단계 중복구조를 갖는다는 점에 주목하고, 각 단계별로 적용할 투자성과 평가기법을 개발하였다. [연구방법]PEF의 사업특성인 유한한 사업수명 기간과 부채조달액에 대한 상환재원 소구권의 제한 조건을 반영할 수 있는 가치평가모형을 개발하고, 동 모형을 근거로 PEF의 투자성과평가에 활용할 수 있는 NPV, IRR기법을 새롭게 개발한다. [연구결과]첫째, SPC 투자안의 가치평가모형으로서 APV(Ku)모형, FCF(Ko)모형 및 CFE(Ke)모형을 도출하고 NPV기법에 적용하는 방법론을 소개한다. 그리고 무부채조달기업의 자본비용 Ku를 투자거부율로 적용하는 SPC의 투자성과 평가에 적용할 IRR기법도 개발하였다. 둘째, PEF LP 투자자의 투자성과에 대한 출자액의 현재가치 배수(multiple)를 계산하는 수익성지수(PEF PI)를 개발하였다. 또한 Ku를 투자거부율로 적용하는 PEF LP의 투자성과 평가에 적용할 IRR기법의 개발결과도 소개하였다. [연구의 시사점]PEF의 투자구조가 갖는 특성을 고려하지 않은 채, 지금까지 관행적으로 적용하여 오던 전통적인 투자성과 평가기법의 한계를 극복하고, 이론적 배경이 있는, 또한 실무적으로 활용가능성이 많은 투자성과를 위한 평가모형과 기법을 개발하였다.