마이크로파를 이용한 호박산 건조 특성

김지선(Kim, Ji-Seon),류영복(Ryu, Young-Bok),김명환(Kim, Myounghwan),홍성수(Soo, Hong Song),이만식(Lee, Man-Sig) 한국산학기술학회 2013 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.14 No.11

최근 생분해성 고분자 수지의 수요가 증가함에 따라 그의 원료인 호박산의 수요도 증가하고 있다. 일반적으 로 호박산은 화학적 공정인 수소화 반응으로 합성된다. 합성된 호박산은 일정량의 수분을 함유되고 있으며 이를 제거 하기 위한 건조공정으로는 열풍건조가 일반적으로 사용된다. 그러나 최근 건조시간 단축과 제품의 균일한 건조가 가 능하다는 장점을 가진 마이크로파 건조공정이 각광받고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건조공정에서 열풍건조와 마이크 로파 건조 효율을 비교하였으며 마이크로파 건조 시 최적 조건을 찾아내어 가장 효율적인 호박산 건조 방법 및 운전 조건을 확립하였다. 또한 호박산 건조공정에서 마이크로파건조의 상업적 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 실험결과 호박산 샘플의 두께가 1 cm일 때 마이크로파를 이용한 건조가 열풍건조보다 70%의 높은 효율을 확인하였다. 또한 마이크로 파건조와 열풍건조 시 호박산의 완전건조까지 소비되는 전력량 검토를 통하여 경제적 효율성을 비교하였다. Recently, biodegradable polymers are gaining more and more attention due to international environmental issues. Succinic acid is synthesised by chemical process of hydrogenation. Succinic acid synthesized has certain amount water content. To remove the water contained in succinic acid is used generally by hot air drying process. But recently, microwave drying process having the advantage of shortening the drying time and uniform drying of product are gaining more attention. In this study, hot air drying and microwave drying efficiency were compared at drying process. In addition, we confirmed commercial applicability in microwave drying process of succinic acid. Microwave drying process has higher efficiency than 70% compared with hot air drying process at thickness of 1cm. Economic efficiency were compared through examination of power consumption for complete drying of succinic acid at microwave and hot air dyring

A Numerical Approach to Energy Savings in Heat Drying Process of Drilled and Water-Cleaned PCB

Lee, Gyu-Bong,Ku, Tae-Jun,Kim, Young-Shin,Kim, Seungwook,Cho, Seong-Wook Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2013 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.14 No.6

The post-drill cleaning process, one of processes to manufacture Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), can be divided into water cleaning and heat drying processes. The various contaminants occurred during the drilling process are removed in the water cleaning process. The remaining moisture after this process is thoroughly removed by vaporization during the heat drying process. In this paper, the heat drying process of PCBs that have been drilled and water-cleaned prior to drying, is modeled and investigated for a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis. The Human-Machine Interface (HMI) system configured by using the Ubiquitous Sensor Node (USN) and the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) device is proposed in order to measure interior temperatures of the drying system and to define boundary conditions for the CFD analysis. Currently, six heaters are in operation by workers for the heat drying process as customary. However, it was shown through the experimental measurement and numerical analysis that the heat drying process is possible with operating only 4 heaters. The electrical power consumption of the case where 4 heaters are operated shows 33% of decrease from that of the case where 6 heaters are operated. For a near future study, a structural improvement of the drying system will be proposed with research on parameters that are influential on the performance of the system as one of the measures for a further reduction of electrical power consumption.

A Numerical Approach to Energy Savings in Heat Drying Process of Drilled and Water-Cleaned PCB

이규봉,구태준,김영신,김승욱,조성욱 한국정밀공학회 2013 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

The post-drill cleaning process, one of processes to manufacture Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), can be divided into water cleaning and heat drying processes. The various contaminants occurred during the drilling process are removed in the water cleaning process. The remaining moisture after this process is thoroughly removed by vaporization during the heat drying process. In this paper, the heat drying process of PCBs that have been drilled and water-cleaned prior to drying, is modeled and investigated for a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis. The Human-Machine Interface (HMI) system configured by using the Ubiquitous Sensor Node (USN) and the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) device is proposed in order to measure interior temperatures of the drying system and to define boundary conditions for the CFD analysis. Currently, six heaters are in operation by workers for the heat drying process as customary. However, it was shown through the experimental measurement and numerical analysis that the heat drying process is possible with operating only 4 heaters. The electrical power consumption of the case where 4 heaters are operated shows 33% of decrease from that of the case where 6 heaters are operated. For a near future study, a structural improvement of the drying system will be proposed with research on parameters that are influential on the performance of the system as one of the measures for a further reduction of electrical power consumption.

Sequential Modeling of Paper Drying Process to Reduce Thermal Energy Use, Part 2: Simulation Results

Kong Lingbo,Jiahao Li,Ziliang Zhang 한국펄프·종이공학회 2022 펄프.종이기술 Vol.54 No.5

Paper drying is one of the unit operations that consumes the most amount of thermal energy in a papermaking machine. In this paper, a theoretical model for paper drying process was developed using the sequential modeling method based on the conservation laws of mass and energy. Aimed at simulating thermal energy flow, the overall framework of the drying model was constructed according to the specific drying process of a newsprint machine. It was composed of eight basic modules based on their different functions in the paper drying process, i.e., cylinder group module, steam separation module, surface condensation module, fan module, heat recovery module, air heating module, paper sheet module, and hood module. The results showed that it could be used to simulate the material and energy flow of each module, as well as the whole drying process in a more comprehensive manner with integrated thermal energy use and drying performance information. In addition, the effects of operating parameters, such as supply air temperature and exhaust air humidity, on thermal energy use in the newsprint drying process were also simulated. This work also demonstrates that the sequential modeling method is instructive to reduce thermal energy use for the industrial paper drying process.

음식물류 폐기물의 최적건조공정 개발을 위한 마이크로파 및 열풍 공정의 건조효율에 관한 연구

정병길 ( Byung-gil Jung ),한영립 ( Young-rip Han ),최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ) 한국환경기술학회 2013 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 마이크로파 및 열풍 건조장치를 이용하여 음식물류 폐기물의 재활용 측면에서 음식물류 폐기물의 운전조건별(마이크로파 단독, 열풍단독, 마이크로파-열풍 융합(200 또는 250℃) 건조특성을 평가하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구에 사용된 음식물류 폐기물은 B시 P사에서 채취하여 사용하였으며, 음식물류 폐기물과 가연성 물질의 균질 혼합 및 건조효율 향상을 위하여 비닐, 어패류 등 이물질을 제거하였다. 마이크로파 건조장치의 전체 크기는 W 1,360 mm × L 1,060 mm × H 900 mm, 마이크로파 건조장치의 조사강도는 1 kW이며, 마이크로파 주파수는 2,450 MHz, 건조온도는 최대 300℃로 제작하였다. 음식물류 폐기물 건조실험을 실시한 결과 마이크로파-열풍(250℃) 건조를 이용한 완전건조(함수율 10% 이하)시 최종 함수율 변화는 운전시간 15분에서 7.1%로 나타났다. 실험결과 음식물류폐기물의 재활용 방안으로 열풍 융합건조공정을 이용한 고형연료의 생산이 충분히 가능할 것으로 판단된다. The main objectives of this study are to develope a drying method for recycling food waste and to evaluate drying properties of food waste with different operating conditions(microwave, thermal air and microwave-thermal air(200 or 250℃) by means of using the microwave and thermal air drying process. The food waste used in this research was collected at P Company located in B City. For homogeneous mixture of food waste with combustible materials and for better drying efficiency, foreign substances which were vinyl, fish and shellfish were removed. The size of the microwave-thermal air drying unit is 1,360 mm(W) × 1,060 mm(L) × 900 mm(H), and its projection intensity and frequency were 1 kW and 2,450 MHz, respectively. Also, the microwave-thermal air drying unit was designed to control the highest drying temperature up to 300℃. As a best result of the experiment, the dried food waste using the microwave-thermal air (250℃) drying process led to the final moisture contents of 7.1% with 15 minutes operating period. In conclusions, as a way for recycling food waste, the microwave -thermal air drying process seems capable of producing refuse derived fuel(RDF).

Roll to Roll Air-Floating Oven Drying Process Design and Analysis for Printed Electronics

Jeong, Tae-Gun,Seo, Yong-Ho,Kim, Sanghoo,Song, Jinseop,Ko, Seong-Lim,Gwak, Kwan-Woong,Kim, Chang-Wan Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.15 No.7

Printed electronics is a set of printing methods used to create electrical devices such as OLEDs, e-paper, RFID on various substrates with common printing equipment, such as screen printing, flexography, gravure, offset lithography, and inkjet. Roll to Roll (R2R) is one of the most promising production technologies in the printed electronics for saving production cost and increasing production speed. R2R production includes various processes such as printing, drying, winding, unwinding, and so on. In this paper, the research on design and analysis of drying process is performed, which is essential for efficient and fast drying process when printing is finished. In a printed electronics R2R system, an air flotation oven is employed for the drying process. The air flotation oven is commonly used for the noncontact support and drying of coated web materials such as plastic films and paper. Air flotation oven consists of noncontact supports and drying of coated web materials such as plastic films and paper. After the air flotation oven is designed, experimental results and numerical analysis for the drying process are investigated.

Roll to Roll Air-Floating Oven Drying Process Design and Analysis for Printed Electronics

정태건,김창완,서용호,김상후,송진섭,고성림,곽관웅 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Printed electronics is a set of printing methods used to create electrical devices such as OLEDs, e-paper, RFID on various substrateswith common printing equipment, such as screen printing, flexography, gravure, offset lithography, and inkjet. Roll to Roll (R2R) isone of the most promising production technologies in the printed electronics for saving production cost and increasing productionspeed. R2R production includes various processes such as printing, drying, winding, unwinding, and so on. In this paper, the researchon design and analysis of drying process is performed, which is essential for efficient and fast drying process when printing is finished. In a printed electronics R2R system, an air flotation oven is employed for the drying process. The air flotation oven is commonly usedfor the noncontact support and drying of coated web materials such as plastic films and paper. Air flotation oven consists of noncontactsupports and drying of coated web materials such as plastic films and paper. After the air flotation oven is designed,experimental results and numerical analysis for the drying process are investigated.

근적외분광분석법을 이용한 의약품 건조공정 중 실시간 수분함량 모니터링

김재진(Jaejin Kim),김병석(ByungSuk Kim),임영일(YoungIl Lim),우영아(YoungAh Woo) 대한약학회 2016 약학회지 Vol.60 No.2

Drying of granules for tablet formulation is one of the important unit operations. The loss on drying method is traditionally used for this purpose. However, it is a time-consuming method, requiring at least 1 h. Moreover, it is ineffective in monitoring the moisture content of granules during the drying process. In this study, online real-time monitoring of moisture content during the drying process was successfully performed using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. NIR spectra were collected during 15 different drying batches for developing a reliable NIR spectroscopic method. Such a large number of batches were used to develop a more robust partial least squares (PLS) model. NIR spectra collected from 12 batches were used for developing the model that was validated by predicting the moisture content of the samples in the remaining 3 batches. The standard errors of predictions (SEPs) in the measurement of batch 1, batch 2, and batch 3 were 0.52%, 0.57%, and 0.56%, respectively. The online NIR spectroscopic method developed in this study was reliable and accurate in monitoring the moisture content during the drying process.

A numerical study on drying of porous media

Akbar Khodaparast Haghi,Nima Amanifard 한국화학공학회 2008 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.25 No.2

In this study, two-dimensional conjugate heat and mass transfer in porous body and drying air during the drying process were numerically investigated by finite volume (FV) method, which guarantees the conservation of mass, momentum and the energy during the numerical solution. The full NS-equations (including buoyancy terms), energy equation and concentration equation are considered for external flow and for porous field coupled energy and moisture transfer equations are used. The numerically captured curve shows the same behavior of the drying process. Drying flow velocity shows proportional effect on moisture removal rate with a factor between 1/4 and 1/5 in Reynolds range of 50 to 1,000. Also, buoyancy forces have an effect on flow streamlines, the distribution of vapor concentration, moisture profile, and considerably increase drying rate. This increment was investigated in Reynolds number range of 50 to 1,000, and its minimum value was found in a Reynolds number of 1,000, which was about 15 percent.

자동제어 건조공정을 이용한 바이오폐기물의 고형연료화 특성 연구

상병찬,이승정,이재희,이도연,엄태인 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2023 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.40 No.2

This study analyzed the physicochemical properties and combustion characteristics of dried food waste and agricultural by-products to evaluate the feasibility of biowaste as a solid fuel product. The drying performance of food waste was confirmed by using a closed steam recirculation dryer and an automatic shutdown control system equipped with a moisture intensity sensor. Elementary analysis, proximate analysis, calorific value analysis, and TGA analysis were conducted on 4 types of food waste samples including coffee grounds and 3 types of agricultural by-product samples. When the automatic shutdown control system was applied, the drying performance and drying efficiency were improved by 10.7% and 10.6%, respectively, and it was possible to obtain the effect of reducing the drying time and energy consumed for drying. The moisture content of the dried food waste and agricultural by-product was 0.5 ~ 9.14wt.%, and the ash content of them was 3.3 ~ 12.5wt.%, which satisfied the quality standards of Bio-SRF. The low calorific value of dried food waste was 4,000 ~ 4,710 kcal/kg, and the low calorific value of agricultural by-products was 3,250 ~ 3,770 kcal/kg. Dried food waste and agricultural by-products meet the Bio-SRF standards and have a high low calorific value. Therefore, it is judged that if the drying technology applied with the automatic shutdown control system is used for solid fuel manufacturing, it can contribute to vitalizing the domestic SRF market.