치는 시간을 달리한 건식 쌀가루 인절미의 품질특성

박영미,윤혜현,Park, Young Mi,Yoon, Hye Hyun 한국식품조리과학회 2016 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of injulmi made with dry glutinous rice flour according to the punching time (1, 4, 7, 10 min) and the frozen storage period (0, 1, 7, 30 days) as compared with the control made by the traditional method. Methods: Moisture content, texture profile, and sensory evaluation were measured in triplicate and color was measured five times. Results: The moisture content was highest in the sample prepared with 7 min of punching time and the control. As the punching time for injulmi increased, moisture content tended to increase. The L-value increased with increased punching time and the L-value was highest in the samples with 5 min and 7 min of punching time whereas the L-value showed no constant trend with frozen storage. The texture profile analysis indicated that adhesiveness, and gumminess decreased significantly with increased punching time, and punching for 7 min resulted in the highest hardness. The results of an acceptance test, showed that the injulmi prepared with dry glutinous rice flour had higher scores for color, flavor, and taste, texture than the control made with the traditional method. The whiteness of injulmi prepared with dry glutinous rice flour increased with longer punching times and, the sample with 10 min punching time and 7 days of frozen storage had the highest score in the acceptance test. Conclusion: These results can be used as primary data for research on the texture of injulmi made with dry glutinous rice flour.

홍삼 및 흑삼의 제조 시 증숙 및 건조온도가 Benzo(a)pyrene 생성에 미치는 영향

조은정 ( Eun Jung Jo ),강신정 ( Shin Jung Kang ),김애정 ( Ae Jung Kim ) 韓國食品營養學會 2009 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

For the purpose of developing a safe & hygienic manufacturing method to acquire low levels of benzo(a)pyrene in black and red ginseng products, this study investigated the effects of steam- and dry-processing temperatures on benzo(a)pyrene production in ginseng. By the red ginseng with a fix dry-process temperature of 50℃ and setting the steam-process temperature between 80~120℃, an extremely small amount(0.1 ppb) of benzo(a)pyrene was produced, indicating there was no relationship between the steam-temperature and benzo(a)pyrene production. On the other hand, when the red and black ginseng were steamed at the fixed temperature of 100℃ and dried at various temperatures between 50~120℃, the amount of benzo(a)pyrene produced was closely connected with the dry-temperature, and increased with higher drying temperatures. Upon repeating the steam and dry process nine times, in which the steam-temperature was set at 100℃ and the dry-temperature at 50℃, higher amount of benzo(a)pyrene were produced in red and black ginseng, respectively, with increasing steam- and dry-processing time. However, the level of benzo(a)pyrene still remained extremely small(below 0.12 ppb), showing a maximum amount in the black ginseng that was steamed and dried nine times. This suggests that the fine root of ginseng may be carbonized by increasing the number of times it is steam- and dry-processed. From the above results, this study determined that the optimum temperatures for manufacturing red and black ginseng products with safe levels of benzo(a)pyrene would be a temperature between 80 and 120℃ for steaming and a temperature less than 50℃ for drying.

Complexation of high amylose rice starch and hydrocolloid through dry heat treatment: Physical property and <i>in vitro</i> starch digestibility

Oh, Im Kyung,Bae, In Young,Lee, Hyeon Gyu Elsevier 2018 Journal of cereal science Vol.79 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>High amylose rice starch was modified by dry heat treatment for different heating times (0, 1, 2, and 4 h) after mixing with various hydrocolloid type (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), guar gum, and xanthan gum) to improve its processability and nutritional properties. The hydration/pasting properties, gel texture, and <I>in vitro</I> starch digestibility of dry heat treated hydrocolloid-starches were investigated and analyzed by principle component analysis (PCA). Dry heat treatment increased the pasting properties of rice starch, although a longer heating time led to lower pasting and hydration properties as well as gel strength. Highest peak viscosity and gel strength were observed for dry heat treated xanthan-starch, followed by CMC- and guar-starch. In the results of <I>in vitro</I> starch digestibility, dry heat treatment significantly decreased the rapidly digestible starch contents and predicted glycemic index (pGI) compared to native starch, while dry heat treated xanthan starch most effectively retarded starch digestibility. PCA indicated that hydrocolloid type affected the hydration properties, and that heating time was correlated with pasting properties and pGI. These results demonstrated that high amylose rice starch dry heat treated with xanthan for 2 h could be effective in changing the hydration, pasting and gel characteristics as well as <I>in vitro</I> starch digestibility.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> High amylose rice starch was dry heat treated with hydrocolloid type and heating time. </LI> <LI> The higher heating time led to the lower swelling power and pasting viscosity. </LI> <LI> Xanthan was more effective for delaying starch digestibility than CMC or guar gum. </LI> <LI> There were significant Pearson correlations between gel strength and digestibility. </LI> <LI> DHT with xanthan for 2 h was the optimum preparation of retarded starch hydrolysis. </LI> </UL> </P>

스판덱스 코어 나일론 커버링 two way 복합사 직물의 전단특성

李春吉 慶一大學校 2002 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

The two way fabrics woven by spandex-core nylon-covering complex yarn play a decisive role in producing the high quality textile garments. The fabrics used in this experiments, woven by polyurethane 40 denier core filament and nylon 140 denier/ 48 filaments covering yarn, were wet and dry heat treated two way fabrics. We performed the experiments to know the influence of treatment time and temperature on the shear properties of the two way fabrics. In wet treatment, the samples were made by using the two way fabric at boiling temperature through the treatment time of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 min. respectively. In dry treatment, the samples were made at the temperature of 100, 120, 140, 160℃ for 2, 6, 10, 20 min. respectively. The shear properties of the samples were evaluated by using Kawabata Hand Evaluation System. Through the experiments the following results were obtained. The shear stiffness of the wet treated samples increased according to the treatment time and the shear stiffness of the dry treated samples decreased at the treatment temperature of 160℃ according to the treatment time. The hysteresis of shear force at the shear angle φ=0.5° of the wet treated samples decreased and the hysteresis of shear force at the shear angle φ=0.5° of the dry treated samples decreased at the treatment temperature of 160℃ according to the treatment time. The hysteresis of shear force at the shear angle φ=5°of the wet treated samples had almost the same values but the hysteresis of shear force at the shear angle φ=5°of the dry treated samples decreased over the treatment temperature of 120℃ according to treatment time.

시계열 분해 및 데이터 증강 기법 활용 건화물운임지수 예측

한민수,유성진 한국품질경영학회 2022 품질경영학회지 Vol.50 No.4

Purpose: This study aims to predict the dry cargo transportation market economy. The subject of this study is the BDI (Baltic Dry Index) time-series, an index representing the dry cargo transport market. Methods: In order to increase the accuracy of the BDI time-series, we have pre-processed the original time-series via time-series decomposition and data augmentation techniques and have used them for ANN learning. The ANN algorithms used are Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to compare and analyze the case of learning and predicting by applying time-series decomposition and data augmentation techniques. The forecast period aims to make short-term predictions at the time of   . The period to be studied is from '22. 01. 07 to '22. 08. 26. Results: Only for the case of the MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) indicator, all ANN models used in the research has resulted in higher accuracy (1.422% on average) in multivariate prediction. Although it is not a remarkable improvement in prediction accuracy compared to uni-variate prediction results, it can be said that the improvement in ANN prediction performance has been achieved by utilizing time-series decomposition and data augmentation techniques that were significant and targeted throughout this study. Conclusion: Nevertheless, due to the nature of ANN, additional performance improvements can be expected according to the adjustment of the hyper-parameter. Therefore, it is necessary to try various applications of multiple learning algorithms and ANN optimization techniques. Such an approach would help solve problems with a small number of available data, such as the rapidly changing business environment or the current shipping market.

가열판 압체식 진공건조의 침엽수 제재두께와 건조시간계수의 관계

정희석 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2000 농업생명과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

Red pine, white pine, larch and western hemlock lumber were vacuum-press dried under three drying schedules to investigate current moisture contents(MC), drying rates and drying time factors related to five lumber thicknesses. Current MC could be estimated by drying factors such as lumber thickness, initial MC and drying time. Average drying rate from 30% to 15% MC was the highest for western hemlock below fiber saturation point, red pine, white pine and larch in the order of their magnitude. Drying rate curvilinearly decreased as lumber thickness increased. Drying time factor curvilinearly increased as lumber thickness increased.

Long Short-Term Memory를 활용한 건화물운임지수 예측

한민수,유성진 한국품질경영학회 2019 품질경영학회지 Vol.47 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to overcome limitations of conventional studies that to predict Baltic Dry Index (BDI). The study proposed applications of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) named Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to predict BDI. Methods: The BDI time-series prediction was carried out through eight variables related to the dry bulk market. The prediction was conducted in two steps. First, identifying the goodness of fitness for the BDI time-series of specific ANN models and determining the network structures to be used in the next step. While using ANN's generalization capability, the structures determined in the previous steps were used in the empirical prediction step, and the sliding-window method was applied to make a daily (one-day ahead) prediction. Results: At the empirical prediction step, it was possible to predict variable (BDI time series) at point of time  by 8 variables (related to the dry bulk market) of  at point of time    . LSTM, known to be good at learning over a long period of time, showed the best performance with higher predictive accuracy compared to Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Conclusion: Applying this study to real business would require long-term predictions by applying more detailed forecasting techniques. I hope that the research can provide a point of reference in the dry bulk market, and furthermore in the decision-making and investment in the future of the shipping business as a whole.

영남산간지역에서 옥수수와 수수×수수 교잡종의 파종시기와 수확시기가 조사료 생육 특성과 사료가치에 미치는 영향

이혁준,주영호,이성신,한옥규,구자환,민형규,오정식,김삼철,Lee, Hyuk-Jun,Joo, Young-Ho,Lee, Seong-Shin,Paradipta, Dimas Hand Vidya,Han, Ouk-Kyu,Ku, Ja-Hwan,Min, Hyeong-Gyu,Oh, Jung-Sik,Kim, Sam-Churl 한국초지조사료학회 2019 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.39 No.2

본 연구는 영남산간지역에서 옥수수와 수수${\times}$수수 교잡종의 파종시기와 수확시기를 구명하고자 2015년부터 2016년까지 수행하였다. 옥수수는 국내 육성품종인 광평옥을 5월 8일, 19일 및 27일에 파종하였고 8월 10일, 20일 및 30일에 수확하였다. 수수${\times}$수수 교잡종은 수입품종인 SS405를 5월 27일, 6월 6일과 16일에 파종하였고 8월 10일, 20일 및 30일에 수확하였다. 옥수수의 생산성 측면에서는 파종시기가 빠를수록 간장, 생엽수, 이삭비율, 생초수량 및 건물수량이 증가하였으며, 수확시기가 빠를수록 건물수량은 감소하였다. 사료가치 측면에서는 파종시기가 빠를수록 건물과 조단백질 함량은 증가하였고, 수확시기가 빠를수록 NDF와 ADF 함량은 감소하였다. 수수${\times}$수수 교잡종의 생산성 측면에서는 파종시기가 빠를수록 초장, 생초수량 및 건물수량은 증가한 반면, 수확시기가 빠를수록 초장, 생초수량 및 건물수량은 감소하였다. 사료가치 측면에서는 파종시기가 빠를수록 건물 함량은 증가하였으나, NDF 함량은 감소하였다. 조단백질 함량은 수확시기가 빠를수록 증가하였다. 이상의 결과에서 영남산간지역에서 여름사료작물로 옥수수와 수수${\times}$수수 교잡종을 생산할 경우 6월 초순 이전까지는 파종하여 8월 중순 이후에 수확하는 것이 조사료 생산성과 사료가치의 향상에 유리할 것으로 판단되었다. This study was carried out from 2015 to 2016 to identify the suitable sowing and harvesting dates of summer crops in the mountain of Yeongnam, South Korea. The experimental design consisted of the different sowing and harvesting dates as follows: corn hybrid (Z. mays, Kwangpyeongok) of sowing (May 8, 19, and 27) and harvesting (August 10, 20, and 30); sorghum${\times}$sorghum hybrid (Sorghum bicolor ${\times}$ Sorghum bicolor, SS405) of sowing (May 27, June 19 and June 27) and harvesting (August 10, 20, and 30). In corn hybrid, ear rate and dry matter (DM) yield decreased (p<0.05) with the postponement of sowing date. Otherwise, ear rate and DM yield increased (p<0.05) with the postponement of harvesting date. Crude protein content decreased (p<0.05) with the postponement of sowing date, but neutral detergent fiber content increased (p<0.05). In sorghum${\times}$sorghum hybrid, plant length and DM yield with the postponement of harvesting date increased (p<0.05), while crude protein content with the postponement of harvesting date decreased (p<0.05). This study concluded that sowing corn hybrid in early May and sorghum${\times}$sorghum hybrid in early June then harvest in the middle of August was recommend to increase dry matter yield and feed value.

고속도로에서 차선도색시 자연건조 및 열풍기 사용시의 차선 양생시간 비교

홍수정,오흥운 한국도로학회 2018 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.20 No.4

PURPOSES: The purpose of this study is to compare the lane curing time of natural drying and a lane drying device when painting lines on a highway. METHODS: The painting process was carried out in July 2015 and September 2015, respectively, for the Gimcheon IC - Gimcheon JC. After the painting, measurements were obtained three times at six measurement points located at 20 m intervals on the shoulder line and the dividing line. The curing time was measured for natural drying and drying using a lane drying device, and compared for different pavement types (asphalt, concrete) and paint types (waterborne paint, methyl methacrylate paint). RESULTS : The results of the lane curing time comparison on the highway are as follows. The combination of asphalt and methyl methacrylate paint cured more rapidly during both the natural drying and drying using the lane drying device. Finally, it was cured at least 32.2% and 40.7% faster when using a drying device than in natural drying. CONCLUSIONS: The comparison of lane curing time of the highway showed that the combination of asphalt and methyl methacrylate paint cured more rapidly when using both natural drying and a lane drying device.

Amylase 함유 Alginic Acid Bead 제조 및 건조시간에 따른 품질특성

채호용 ( Ho Yong Chae ),이대훈 ( Dae Hoon Lee ),홍주헌 ( Joo Heon Hong ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2015 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.20 No.3

In this study, it was observed that the quality properties by the drying time of the alginic acid beads containing amylase. Alginic acid beads were classified into six groups based on drying time (0, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 20 hours). The amylase activity from dried alginic acid beads showed the highest activities at 9 hours drying time. Raw alginic acid beads contain 94.63% moisture content. The increase in drying time caused a decrease in the moisture content. The L, a and b value of the dried alginic acid beads were highest at 20 hours drying time. Loose bulk density range from 0.4763 to 0.9001 g/cm3, while tapped compact density range from 0.5625 to 0.9375 g/cm3, respectively. Thermo gravimeteric analysis (TGA) showed a large weight loss with an on obvious heat adsorption is observed between 10~200oC, 200~300oC, 300~500oC and 500~1000oC. Storage stability used 10 hours and 11 hours drying alginic acid beads. The 11 hours drying beads result in 30 days amylase activity is 60.84%, it showed better results than the 10 hours drying alginic acid beads. In conclusion, it is considered to be appropriate in the food industry to use a hot-air dried for 11 hours.