Modelling Transport of Suspended Sediment caused from Dredging Operation

Kang, See-Whan The Korean Association of Ocean Science and Techno 2006 Journal of Ocean Science and Technology Vol.3 No.1

A three-dimensional particle-tracking model has been developed to predict far-field transport of suspended sediment loads resulting from dredging operation. The model was applied to the case study of waterway dredging operation in Asan Bay, Korea in which tidal currents are dominant. Numerical simulations for the transport of suspended sediments with multi-component mixtures of 5 different particle sizes were conducted under the spring and the neap tidal current conditions. The particle streaklines show that fine-grained sediments were transported up to ${\sim}20\;km$ downstream distance along the bay channel while coarse sediments were deposited immediately in the dredging area. The higher concentration of suspended sediments was found in the main channel of waterways where tidal currents were much stronger in the bay.

조선시대 도성의 치수정책과 준설사업

이상배 한국중앙사학회 2009 중앙사론 Vol.30 No.-

Joseon’s policy on flood control in its capital, Seoul, aimed to improve water flow through the capital and included the construction of a rain gauge during the reign of King Sejong, establishment of a watermark to read the water level of the Cheonggyecheon(Stream), prohibition of lumbering in the mountain and reclamation, stream dredging, and the building of levees. Among these, stream dredging was the one the Joseon Dynasty paid more attention to. A large-scale dredging of the Cheonggyecheon that penetrates Seoul was carried out during the reigns of King Taejong, Yeongjo, Sunjo, and Gojong. The dredging operation during the reign of King Taejong marked as the largest stream channel deepening project at that time as it employed over 50,000 soldiers for a month. The stream, which had been left intact, was dredged to accommodate the sewage facility and expanded to build new embankments and a durable stone bridge, which established the capital’s infrastructure that could improve the lives of its residents. It was a landmark project that should be regarded highly as it was a civil engineering work for the improvement of the infrastructure of Seoul as the capital and served as a model for the sewage projects of local regions. The dredging work during the reign of King Sejong included all the tributaries of the Cheonggyecheon, completing the project carried out during the reign of King Taejong, the father of King Sejong. The dredging and embankment project during the reign of King Yeongjo was the largest single construction project and an outcome of the cooperation between the public and private sectors for the noble cause of people’s welfare. The project was completed in 57 days from Feb. 18 to Apr. 15, with a large workforce including 150,000 people recruited from five provinces across the nation and 50,000 paid laborers and an investment of 35,000 nyang and 2,300 bags of rice. It laid the foundation for the future dredging operations and triggered the installment of the Office of Dredging for institutional support them. Stream excavation projects continued throughout the Joseon Dynasty, including an annual small-scalework during the reign of King Jeongjo, a large-scale work during the reign of King Sunjo, and a roughly two-month operation during the reign of King Gojong. However, all these dredging operations were based on those during the reign of King Yeongjo. In this respect, it is safe to say that King Taejong and King Sejong laid the groundwork for Joseon’s future dredging policy and King Yeongjo institutionalized it. Public works was an important national policy as it consolidated the national foundation in the Joseon period. Especially, the dredging policy served as a criterion for the assessment of the king’s virtue and was linked directly with agricultural productivity, a basis for the national economy. The public works undertaken in Seoul, the political, economic, and cultural center of the nation, were considered more important as they required a large workforce and served as model for local construction works. Accordingly, the dredging projects in the capital drew much attention from the government and continued throughout the Joseon Dynasty. As part of the ongoing urban planning project, the dredging operations in the capital completed during the reigns of King Taejong and King Sejong and lasted for some 200 years. They were further developed to serve as the model of the national flood control project during the reign of King Yeongjo. In conclusion, the public works including dredging operations in the capital in the Joseon period were geared toward improving people’s lives and consolidating Seoul as the capital of the nation for national peace.

부산신항역 파랑반응에 따른 부두 가동율 해석

정재현(Jae-Hyun Jeong),이학승(Hak-Seung Lee),이중우(Joong-Woo Lee),양상용(Sang-Yong Yang),정영환(Young-Hwan Jeong) 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.3 No.1

Busan New Port, under construction aiming for the hub of Northeast Asia and partly in operation, had damaged up to 48 billion Won due to Typhoon "Maemi" in 2003. The present criteria of domestic harbor design only describes about the critical wave height with respect to the size of vessel for harbor tranquility. The berth operation ratio which represents the annual available berthing days is depending on the efficiency of cargo handling work and this depends on the motion of the moored vessel due to the wave action and the characteristics of cargo gears. The motion of moored vessel might be related not only to the wave height but also to wave period. Furthermore, the berth operation ratio relies on external forces such as currents and winds, including the characteristics of mooring system and the specification of the moored vessel. In this study we only deal with berth operation ratio in normal sea state, considering wave and current by measured data and numerical calculation. Especially we tried to evaluate the berth operation ratio for each berth adopting the variation of dredging and reclamation plan and the change of wave environment during the process of the new port construction. For better understanding and analysis of wave transformation process, we applied the steady state spectral wave model and extended mild-slope wave model to the related site. This study summarizes comparisons of harbor responses predicted by two numerical predictions obtained at Busan New port site. Field and numerical model analysis was conducted for the original port plan and the final corrected plan. 동북아의 허브항만으로 건설중인 부산신항만은 태풍 매미로 인해 480억원에 이르는 큰 피해를 입었다. 국내의 현행 항만설계기준을 보면 항만 정온도 기준은 선박규모별 항내 한계파고만이 규정되어있다. 그러나, 항만의 연중 이용일수를 나타내는 항만 가동률은 화물을 싣고 내리는 하역작업의 효율에 달려있으며, 하역효율은 다시 접안선박의 파랑에 의한 통요 및 하역기계의 성능에 따라 결정된다. 선박의 동요는 파고뿐만 아니라 주기에 따라서도 충분히 달라질 수 있으며 해.조류, 바람 등의 외력조건, 계류시스템의 특성과 선박의 제원 등의 복합적인 요인에 의하여 결정된다. 본 연구에서는 수치실험 및 관측 자료를 통해 평상시의 항만 가동률을 산정하고자 한다. 특히, 부산신항만의 개발초기단계에서의 계획으로부터 수심을 증심시킴과 아울러, 매립범위 및 해안선 형태 등 다양한 변화가 건설과정에서 나타났고 이를 본 연구에서 반영하여 상세해역과 장래 개발해역 등에서 항만가동율을 재산정하였다. 파랑변형과정의 이해와 분석을 돕기 위하여 관련해역에서 정상상태 스펙트럼모델과 확장 완경사 파랑 모델을 부산신항역에 적용하여 항만반응 특성을 분석하였다.

준설 탁도플륨의 3차원 이송확산 거동 모형

강시환(Kang See Whan),강인남(Kang In Nam),이정렬(Lee Jung Lyul) 대한토목학회 2006 대한토목학회논문집 B Vol.26 No.5B

준설작업으로 인해 재부유된 퇴적물로 구성된 탁도플륨의 이송확산 거동을 예측하기 위해 이(1998)가 제안한 수치 해석의 혼합방법(hybrid method)을 사용하여 3차원 수치모형을 개발하였다. 본 모형에서는 이송 및 확산식의 수치해석에 있어 이송 과정은 전방업자추적기법(forward particle-tracking method), 확산 과정은 유한치분기법을 사용하여 수치계산에 있어 무작위 행보(random walk) 방법에 비해 계산시간이 크게 단축되었으며, 수치모의 결과의 정확성도 크게 향상되었다. 본 모형을 검증하기 위하여 1, 2차원 해석해와의 비교, 그리고 Kuo 등(1985)의 3차원 수리해석모형의 계산결과와 비교하였다. 본 모형의 검증 결과는 비교적 해석해와 잘 일치하였다. In order to predict the dispersion of suspended sediment arising from dredging operation in port and navigation channel, a hybrid model for dispersive transport of turbidity plume was developed using Lee's(1998) hybrid method. Using hybrid modeling scheme advection-diffusion equation was solved by the forward particle-tracking method for advection process and by the fixed Eulerian grid method for diffusion process. To examine numerical model simulation ill accuracy, the simulated results for 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D cases were compared with the analytical solutions including Kuo, et al's (1985) 3-D mathematical model. The model results were in a good agreement with the analytical solutions and mathematical model for the dispersion of turbidity plume.

퇴적물 준설에 따른 수환경 영향 예측 모의

안재환(Jae Hwan Ahn),김미경(Mee Kyung Kim),이미경(Mi Kyung Lee),황병기(Byung Gi Hwang) 大韓環境工學會 2005 대한환경공학회지 Vol.27 No.11

부산-거제간 연결도로 침매터널공사의 준설작업에 따른 안전통항방안

김정훈(]ung-Hoon Kim),국승기(Seung-Gi Gug) 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.3 No.1

본 연구는 준설선을 이용하여 가덕수도를 횡단하며 준설공사를 하는 동안의 선박들의 안전한 통항방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 부산~거제간 연결도로 건설공사 중 가덕수도의 해저로 횡단하는 침매터널을 건설하기 위해서는 준설작업이 필요하다. 이에 따라 불가피하게 준설선이 가덕수도 항로를 횡단하며 준설을 해야 한다. 이는 상대적으로 가덕수도를 통항하는 선박들의 잠재적인 위험상황으로 충돌 등의 해난사고가 발생할 가능성이 있다. 따라서 이에 대한 선박의 안전통항방안을 모색하고 대책을 제시하였다. This research does by purpose that present safe navigation plan for ships during doing dredging construction with dredger crossing waterway of Gadeok. Dredging operations need to build sunken tunnel that cross the bottom of the sea under waterway of Gadeok for access road construction between Busan-Geoje. Accordingly, dredger must cross and dredge waterway of Gadeok fatally. There is possibility of marine accident of collision for latent danger situation of ships to navigate waterway of Gadeok relatively. Therefore, safe navigation plan of ship is groped in reply and its countermeasure is presented.

부산-거제간 연결도로 침매터널공사의 준설작업에 따른 안전통항방안

김정훈(Jung-Hoon Kim),국승기(Seung-Gi Gug) 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.30 No.10

This research does by purpose that present safe navigation plan for ships during doing dredging construction with dredger crossing waterway of Gadeok Dredging operations need to build sunken tunnel that cross the bottom of the sea under waterway of Gadeok for access rood construction between Busan- Geoje. Accordingly, dredger must cross and dredge waterway of Gadeok fatally. There is possibility of marine accident of collision for latent danger situation of ships to navigate waterway of Gadeok relatively. Therefore, safe navigation plan of ship is groped in reply and its countermeasure is presented Firstly, navigating traffic in daytime was forecasted less than 20% of its maximum capacity through estimating the trafficvolume and traffic congestion The proposal was presented to execute dredging operations in three-step and to establish temporary waterway after reviewing waterway design principles. The role of VTS center was emphasized in the new Busan Port, lastly. 본 연구는 준설선을 이용하여 가덕수도를 횡단하며 준설공사를 하는 동안에 선박들의 안전한 통항방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 부산~거제간 연결도로 건설공사 중 가덕수도의 해저로 횡단하는 침매터널을 건설하기 위해서는 준설작업이 필요하다. 이에 따라 불가피하게 준설선이 가덕수도 항로를 횡단하며 준설을 해야 한다. 이는 상대적으로 가덕수도를 통항하는 선박들의 잠재적인 위험상황으로 충롤 등의 해양사고가 발생할 가능성이 있다. 따라서 이에 대한 선박의 안전통항방안을 모색하고 대책을 제시하였다. 먼저 해상교통량을 추정하고 교통혼잡도를 평가한 결과 장래 (2009년)까지 주간 중에 통항량이 최대통항능력에 대비하여 20%미만으로 예상되었다. 그리고 항로설계원칙의 검토를 통해 임시항로를 설정하여 준설공사를 3단계로 나눠 실시하는 대안을 제시하였다. 끝으로 부산신항 VTS센터의 역할을 강조하였다.

부산항 컨테이너터미널의 증심준설에 관한 사회적 타당성 분석을 위한 탐색적 연구

김철민(Chul-min Kim),홍한국(Han-Gook Hong) 한국산업정보학회 2008 한국산업정보학회논문지 Vol.13 No.5

본 연구는 컨테이너 선박의 대형화 추세에 따라 부산항 컨테이너 터미널의 수심에 대한 증심준설에 대한 사회적 타당성을 분석하기 위해 핵심적인 항만 사용자 집단의 니즈를 설문방식에 의해 탐색적으로 연구하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 터미널운영회사, 선사, 도선사 등 3개 집단에 대해 각각 설문조사를 실시하였으며 수집된 자료는 빈도 분석 및 교차분석 하였다. 연구 결과 북항의 항로수심 및 접안수심은 공히 16m 수준의 증심, 신항의 항로 수심은 17m 수준의 증심이 필요한 상황이며 우선적 중심이 필요한 부두는 감만, 신선대, 신항 및 자성대로 나타났다. As the containership has been large-sized, it is important to analyze the social feasibility for the dredging the water-depth of Busan port. We tries to do an exploratory study to analyze the needs of the core port user group by using the survey methodology. We did the survey for the ocean carriers, terminal operating companies, ship pilots respectively. Collected data was analyzed by frequency and cross tabulation method. Result suggests that the Busan North Port should be dredged to the 16 meter depth and Busan New Port should be dredged to the 17 meter depth. And the priority of the depth dredging is ranked as Gamman pier, Sinsundae pier, New Port and Jasungdae pier.

FEASIBILITY OF USING REMOTE SENSING AS A TOOL FOR SCHEDULING AND CONTROL OF DREDGING

GERRITSEN HERMAN,TATMAN SHARON,DIRKS WOUTER,HESSELMANS GERARD,NOORBERGEN HEIN 한국수자원학회 2005 한국수자원학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

A surface shape measurement method using a self-shape sensor “Flexible Sensor Tube”

Daisuke Ura,Koichi Osuka 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

This study describes surface shape measurements using a Flexible Sensor Tube(FST). The FST is also a sensor for measuring self-shape. The sensor consists of many short links, and each link connects by a rotational joint connects each link with a potentiometer as an angular position sensor. Consequently, we can geometrically measure the sensor’s shape. We proposed a method for measuring the surface shape of an object by stroking it with this FST. A waterproof FST was developed, and the proposed technique was evaluated, focusing on its use in dredge construction. Therefore, we demonstrated that the newly developed FST measures surface shapes.