Donguibogam or DongUiBoGam: Is It Still a Different Book?

Hong-Jae Kim,Yoo-Chang Han,Myung-Dong Kim 대한한의학회 2010 대한한의학회지 Vol.31 No.6

Donguibogam or DongUiBoGam: Is It Still a Different Book? - A Study on the Translation of Donguibogam into English Orthography -

Kim, Hong-Jae,Han, Yoo-Chang,Kim, Myung-Dong The Society of Korean Medicine 2010 대한한의학회지 Vol.31 No.6

Introduction: Up to now there has been no unified orthography of Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑) in English. Too manydifferent spellings on Donguibogam are seen in the articles on it. Therefore, we present a solution to the spelling problem of Donguibogam in this study. Discussion: To verify the problem of various spellings of Donguibogam we looked at over 54 articles that have spellings of Donguibogam published from 2000 to 2008, and compared those 29 different spellings with each other. To know the historical background of Donguibogam spelling, we looked over many translations that foreigners used, but we could just find fragmentary references to Donguibogam. We compared various spellings with the official orthography of the Korean government. We discussed the appropriateness of various spellings. There is no unified spelling in the DongUiBoGam center and in the conference articles of the Korean Society of Medical History, which recently celebrated the 400th year of DongUiBoGam publication. Conclusion: It is suggested that the proper orthography should be "Donguibogam: Principles and Practice of Eastern Medicine". Hereafter all articles should follow this spelling without exception for more consistent study.

A Study for Quotations of Face Chanpter in 『Dongeuibogam』

( Yang Caiying ) 대구한의대학교 제한동의학술원 2021 제한동의학술원논문집 Vol.19 No.1

In 『Donguibogam』 books, 「面門」’s 面 refers to the face. Depending on the point of the face area, the five-way distribution speed and the five-way distribution speed with five types of colors are connected to the internal organs of the body. The meridians gathered in the face are connected to each part of the body, providing clues to the diagnosis of the internal condition of the body through the face. There is a whole theoretical idea. 『Donguibogam』 Chinese and Korean medical books up to the time of compilation were cited as necessary, or based on the meaning of the original work, the grounded part was cited according to Heo Jun's purpose, and the citation was recorded after the sentence. In addition, we list facial-related diseases and keep an eye on diseases that occur on the skin, such as anti-inflammatory drugs or acne. In addition, treatment methods and various folk remedies for various theories on these diseases were included. I tried to grasp the quotations of 『Donguibogam』’s 「face」 examine how accurately they were cited with the books revealed as actual quotations through correction, and understand them through consideration. 1. According to the results of Face Chanpter in Donguibogam, there are 20 Chinese medical books, including two during the Warring States Period, three during the Han Period, one during the Wei and Jin dynasties, four during the Song Period, four during the Kim Period, four during the Yuan Period, and four from the Ming Period. There are two Korean medical books. Among the 20 Chinese medical books, Song Won-myeong's books are the most cited books, accounting for half of all cited books in Donguibogam.It can be seen that the invention of movable type printing and the advent of Cheng Ju-lik led to the development of traditional Chinese medicine during the Song Geum-won period, which greatly influenced Joseon traditional medicine. Gujinyijian in Chinese medicine book and yilinzuanyao in Korean medicine book are the closest books to the current time of publication.Since the year of publication of "Donguibogam" was 1613, it can be seen that these citations had a positive influence on "Donguibogam" at that time. 2. The results of the frequency of use in the reference book are as follows: By observing the quotation frequency, 12 times in Yixuerumen, 6 times in Huangdineijing-lingshu, 3 times in Huangdineijing-suwen, 2 times in Nanjing, 1 time in Jinguiyaollüe(qianshi), 1 time in (Zhujie) shanghanlun, 4 times in Weishengbaojian, 3 times in Danxixinfa, 2 times in Yixuegangmu, 10 times in Gujinyijian, 1 time in Dongyuanshixiaofang, 4 times in Piweilun, 3 times in Pujibenshifang, 1 time in Sanyinjiyibingzhengfanglun, 3 times in Yilinzuanyao, 1 time in Rumenshiqin, 1 time in Yifangleiju, 4 times in Shiyidexiaofang, 2 times in Wanbinghuichun, 5 times in Maijing, 2 times in Tongrenshuxuezhenjiutujing, 33 times in Leizhengbencao, is the highest number of citations. 3. There is a possibility that there is a mistake in using the book as the main subject of the book because it contains a citation mark mentioned in the "Myeon" section of the Donguibogam, but the book contains a book or a person's name.In most cases, the original text can be examined in detail in the citation target book, but some citations cannot be examined in detail. 4. It can be seen that the medical literature cited in Dongui Bogmyeon and Myeon is diverse and diverse. Among them, five medical books were cited the most frequently, followed by medical books, prescription books, and writings. Heo Jun emphasized the combination of clinical and medical basic theories in treating facial diseases. 5. When quoting a Chinese medical book of Face Chanpte in Donguibogam, most of them are based on the meaning of the original work, but they are reduced and quoted according to Huh Jun (許浚)'s purpose. 6. According to the results of Face Chanpter in Donguibogam show that 25 out of 35 herbs are used only for external use, 5 for internal use, and 5 for external use and internal use.You can see that herbal medicine used on the outside of the face has better healing effects than internal medicine. As mentioned above, many discoveries have been made as a function of the reference. Most importantly, we can find references. Other books cited in "Donguibogam" are not clearly described in the original book, so you should remember that when we study Donguibogam, we should match the citation marks.

국내 한의학 학술지에 발표된 동의보감 연구 현황 조사

한창현(Chang-hyun Han),박상영(Sang-young Park),권오민(Oh-min Kwon),안상영(Sang-young Ahn),안상우(Sang-woo Ahn) 한국의사학회 2009 한국의사학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Background : To understand Korean medicine it is crucial to first understand medical aspect of ‘DongUiBoGam’. It is also meaningful that it became one of the influential book even to posterity. Also based on the apprehension, we can take a view of development of Korean medicine led by ‘DongUiBoGam’. Objectives : This study aims to review the status, study field, specialist of DongUiBoGam. In the process, this review will grasp trends in this field of studies and will direct further researches into the right direction. Method : The computerized Korean databases were searched from their respective inceptions up to December 2008. The search terms used were ‘DongUiBoGam’ and random or Korean language terms related to DongUiBoGam. Several specialized journals were also manually searched for relevant articles. Result : Since the 2000s, DongUiBoGam papers in the Korean Literature is increased. Published 58 papers on The Korean Journal of Oriental Medical Prescription were more than the other journals. 58 papers published in The Korean Journal of Oriental Medical Prescription are the best in many areas related to Korean medicine. Most people have submitted papers related to DongUiBoGam was Woo-yeal Jeong. Conclusions : ‘DongUiBoGam’ research is conducted and current tendency and outlook for ‘DongUiBoGam’ is carried out focusing on several associations.

동의보감의 판본 종류와 간행시기 연구

한기춘 ( Gichoon Han ),서정철 ( Jungchul Seo ),최순화 ( Soonhwa Choi ) 대구한의대학교 제한동의학술원 2023 東西醫學 Vol.48 No.2

The aims of this paper are classifying the edition types and estimating the year of publication about Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑). In addition to the first edition, the editions of Donguibogam include the republication at year Gapsul in Jeolla Provincial Government(甲戍嶺營開刊), the new publication at year Gapsul in Gyeongsang Provincial Government(甲戍嶺營開刊), the publication at year Gapsul in Gyeongsang Provincial Government(甲戍嶺營開刊), the republication at year Gapsul in Gyeongsang Provincial Government(甲戍嶺營開刊), and the new publication at year Kihae in Gyeongsang Provincial Government(己亥嶺營開刊). For this study, we collected as many editions published in Jeolla Provincial Government and Gyeongsang Provincial Government as possible, as well as editions with unknown areas. In total, 14 different types of editions have been found in Donguibogam including the complementation edition, and we found that there were four complementation editions of the republication at year Gapsul in Jeolla Provincial Government, one complementation edition of the new publication at year Gapsul in Gyeongsang Provincial Government, and no complementation edition of the new publication at year Kihae in Gyeongsang Provincial Government. The lower limit of the publication year of the earliest old edition, type 1, is 1652. The lower limit of the publication year of the latest old edition, type 8, is 1752. The republication at year Gapsul in Jeolla Provincial Government was published in 1754. The new publication at year Gapsul in Gyeongsang Provincial Government was published in 1754. The new publication at year Kihae in Gyeongsang Provincial Government was published in 1839. The earliest old edition, type 1, is the first wooden block edition published after the first wooden movable type edition. It appears to have been printed before 1635, based on the records in the Daily Records of Royal Secretariat(承政院日記). In the Preparation Booklet in Jeolla Provincial Government(完府措備書册), it says “Donguibogam fourteen volumes(東醫寶鑑十四卷)”, and the 14 volumes of Donguibogam held by the Dongsan Library of Keimyung University correspond to the earliest old edition, type 1. After analyzing the bibliography, for example, Eo-Mi(魚尾) and styles of types(書體)in detail, it was found that the editions closely mimic the features of the first wooden movable type edition, so it is possible that these 14 volumes may correspond to the 14 volumes of Donguibogam in Preparation Booklet in Jeolla Provincial Government. However, it needs further research. Estimating the Donguibogam edition type in Wooden Block Plates according to the order of the years in which the list of them were compiled, the Donguibogam edition type in Wooden Block Accounts Book(册板置簿册), compiled in 1740, appears to be the old edition of the several editions of the Donguibogam.

일본에서의 조선 許浚 『東醫寶鑑』 유통과 간행

박현규 고려대학교 글로벌일본연구원 2018 일본연구 Vol.29 No.-

본 논문은 조선 허준의 『동의보감』이 일본에서 유통되고 활용된 사례를 종합 고찰한 것이다. 현존 기록에 의하면 1636년(인조 14)에 의원 白士立이 일본 野間三竹과 만나 허준이 지은 『동의보감』이 있다는 소식을 알렸고, 1662년(현종 3)에 倭差使 橘成般이 한반도에 들어와 『동의보감』을 구해갔다. 이 이후 일본 조야에서는 주로 조선통신사를 매개체로 삼아 『동의보감』을 언급하거나 활용한 사례가 상당수 출현했다. 1711년(숙종 37)에 본초학자 稻生若水와 제술관 조선 이현 일행, 1719년(숙종 45)에 大學頭 林信篤 일행과 조선 신유한 일행, 1748년(영조 24)에 太醫令 橘元勳 일행, 동도 관의 野呂實夫, 의원 菅道伯, 본초학자 丹羽貞機, 隱醫 田中常悅 등과 조선 조숭수 일행, 1764년(영조 40)에 張藩 의관 山口忠居와 양의 李佐國 일행, 동도 의관 井敏卿과 제술관 南玉 일행 등이 각각 만나 필담을 나눌 때 『동의보감』을 화제에 올리며 의학 토론이 이루어졌다. 1722년(향보 7)에 德川吉宗은 의료 개혁의 일환으로 源元通에게 명하여 『訂正東醫寶鑑』을 편찬하도록 명했다. 이해 京都書林에서 각판되어 널리 보급되었다. 1799년(寬政 11)에 大阪書林에서 京都書林本을 저본으로 복각했다. 청말 민국 연간의 각종 중국본과 1926년 京城 博文書館本은 모두 大阪書林本 『정정동의보감』을 근간으로 삼았다. 大阪書林本 『정정동의보감』은 동아시아 『동의보감』의 출판 계보에 있어 하나의 거대한 축을 구축할 정도로 커다란 파급력을 끼쳤다. This thesis takes a general look at cases in which the Donguibogam of Heo Jun (許浚) from Korea was circulated and applied in Japan. According to existing records, Doctor Baek Sarip (白士立) met Noma Sanchiku (野間三竹) of Japan in 1636 to inform him of the existence of the Donguibogam written by Heo Jun. Japanese envoy Kitsu Jouhan (橘成般) traveled to Korea and returned with the Donguibogam. After that, many cases that mentioned and applied the Donguibogam through Korean delegations were reported. Parties composed of Japanese pharmacologist Ino Wakamizu (稻生若水) and Korean official Lee, Hyeon in 1711, Im, Sindok and his staff and Sin, Youhan and his staff in 1719, Tachibana Genkun (橘元勳) and associates, Noro Minoruotto (野呂實夫), Doctor Maeda Douhaku (菅道伯), pharmacologist Niwa Taykey (丹羽貞機), Doctor Tanaka Jouetsu (田中常悅) and Korean Jo Sungsu (趙崇壽) in 1748, and Yamaguchi Chu Kyo (山口忠居), Lee, Jwaguk, and I Satoshikyo (井敏卿), and Nam Ok (南玉) had the Donguibogam come up in their conversations and writings. Tokugawa Yoshimune (德川吉宗) ordered Minamoto Gentsu (源元通) to publish a revised edition of the Donguibogam as a part of medical reforms. This revised edition of the Donguibogam was engraved by a Kyoto publisher (京都書林) and was widely circulated in that year. An Osaka publisher (大阪書林) reprinted the Kyoto edition in 1799. This Osaka edition became the original script of several Chinese editions published in the last days of the Qing dynasty and for the edition of Bakmun Seokwan, In Seoul (京城 博文書館), its publication in 1926 became one of the large central axes in the genealogy of the publication of the Donguibogam.

『東醫寶鑑』 初刊本과 한글본 『동의보감』의 서지적 연구

옥영정(Ok Young-jung) 한국학중앙연구원 2010 장서각 Vol.0 No.24

이 연구는 『동의보감』 초간본의 간행 과정과 그 현전본을 조사하여 서지적 특징과 의미를 알아보고, 장서각 유일본으로 남은 한글본 『동의보감』의 특징과 편찬 목적을 살펴본 것이다. 전근대시기 중앙기구의 편간물은 대부분의 인쇄 공정을 수작업에 의존하기 때문에 많은 비용과 인력이 투입되는 경우가 많다. 이러한 과정에는 까다로운 인쇄기술이 뒤따르기 마련이어서 그 자체로 기술문명의 수준을 반영하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 문화적 척도가 될 수 있는 것이다. 『동의보감』은 이러한 사실을 보여주는 좋은 사례이다. 초간본 『동의보감』이 이러한 인쇄문화적인 측면에서 지니는 의미는 우선 고려 · 조선을 거치면서 이어져 내려온 서적 編刊體系가 전쟁으로 붕괴된 상황에서 일구어낸 거질의 책이라는 점에 있다. 이에 대한 의미 부여를 위해서 이 글에서는 당시에 인쇄를 위해 쓰인 활자, 조판의 방법 등 인쇄기술에 대한 접근과 함께 앞으로 다루어져야 할 간행의 주관 기구에 대한 기초적 접근을 시도하였다. 『동의보감』 간행과 밀접한 관련이 있는 기구로서 훈련도감, 내의원, 교서관, 서적교인도감과의 관계를 규명해내는 작업이 필요하며, 아울러 『동의보감』과 동일한 활자와 인쇄의 방식으로 간행된 서책에 대한 종합적 검토를 통해 각 자료에 새로운 가치를 부여할 필요가 있다. 초간본 『동의보감』은 기록유산으로 지정된 자료 이외에도 10여 종을 더 확인하였다. 개인이 소장하고 있는 자료이거나 목록이 작성되지 않은 고문헌이 국내외에 아직까지 많이 남아 있을 가능성이 있으므로 이에 대한 발굴 조사가 반드시 필요하다. 3책만 현전하는 한글본 『동의보감』 역시 낙질의 규모와 필사 부수에 대한 검토가 있어야 할 것이다. 한글본 『동의보감』은 이 글에서도 한글본의 특징과 편찬 목적에 한하여 간략하게 서술하였으나 서지학적, 국어학적 측면에서 그 내용과 한문본과의 차이를 규명하는 연구가 추가로 이루어지기를 기대한다. 특히 책을 읽는 주체가 왕실의 여성이고 한문에 대한 한글 표기이므로 왕실 내에서 쓰인 언어 연구에도 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다. The purposes of this study were to investigate the bibliographical characteristics and meanings of the first edition of Donguibogam by looking into its publication process and its remaining edition and to understand the characteristics and publication purposes of the Korean edition of Donguibogam. The publications issued by a central agency in the traditional age required a good amount of cost and manpower in many cases as most of the printing processes depended on manual works. Since those processes were usually accompanied by complicated printing technologies, such publications not only reflect the technological civilization of the times, but also can serve as a cultural barometer. Donguibogam is one good example to demonstrate the fact. The significance of the first edition of Donguibogam in the aspects of printing culture is that it was a book comprised of very many volumes published when the system of book edition and publication collapsed after years of transmission through Goryeo and Joseon due to war. To specify its significance, the study made an approach to the printing technology including the printing types and typesetting methods used for printing those days and attempted a basic approach toward the agencies that were in charge of publication, which subject should be dealt with in future. Closely related to the publication of Donguibogam were Hulyeondogam, Naeuiwon, Gyoseogwan, and Seojeokgyoindogam, relationships of which should be examined as well. In addition, it is required to comprehensively review the books published in the same printing types and methods as Donguibogam and to grant each of them new value. The study confirmed the presence of ten more kinds of the first edition of Donguibogam in addition to the ones already appointed as records heritage. It is absolutely necessary to identify and investigate the materials possessed by individuals or old literature whose lists have not been made yet since such records are likely to remain in big numbers home and abroad. The study briefly examined the characteristics and publication purposes of the Korean edition of Donguibogam, failing to review its production background, process, and scripters. Additional researches on its content and differences from the Chinese edition from the bibliographical and Korean perspective will help to understand the accurate purpose behind its production. They will also be useful for the study of the language used by the royal family since the readers of the book were the female members of the royal family and the book provided Hangul for the original Chinese transcription.

동의보감 전산화 성과와 한의학 고문헌 전산화의 과제

오준호(Jun ho Oh) 한국의사학회 2015 한국의사학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Objectives : The Dongui Bogam in My Hand', which is an output of computerizing Donguibogam (Principles and Practice of Eastern Medicine), is an interim outcome of the research project led by the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine. This study examined the process in which Donguibogam, a record in Chinese and a classic of Oriental medicine, expanded into a modern content. Methods : This study will classify the modernization of Donguibogam into three 'contents' that form Donguibogam, 'container' that will hold the contents, and 'community' that is the consumer of Donguibogam. Towards the end, this study will sketch out the status of computerizing Chinese records in Korea, and point out the reality faced by computerization of ancient documents on Oriental medicine as well as the direction for the future. Results : 'The Dongui Bogam in My Hand' has been downloaded more than 10,000 times for 4 months since it releases in August 2014, and is used for at least 6,000 times on average every month. This achievement can be due to the two following reasons. First, the application contains high-quality contents such as the original text of Donguibogam as well as Korean and English translations. Second, it satisfied the needs of Donguibogam users with ① the Browse function that well displays the table of contents, ② the Search function that separates the title from the main text, and ③ the Personalization function designed to link and share relevant knowledge. Conclusions : Computerization of Chinese records was triggered by the request of the academia, but it was accelerated after being selected as a public laboring project to overcome the IMF crisis. However, computerization of ancient documents is not a simple task but a field of study to modernize classical knowledge. The success or failure of computerization of Chinese records is determined by whether high-quality modern 'contents' are secured, whether the 'container' design adequately implements the search, browse and link functions, and how well it fulfills the needs of the consumer 'community'.

전통시기 동아시아에 표상된 조선 허준(許浚)의 ≪동의보감(東醫寶鑑)≫

박현규 ( Hyun-kyu Park ) 한국중국학회 2016 중국학보 Vol.76 No.-

I in this article studied the cases of application of and the true value of Donguibogam which was represented in East Asia in traditional age. The book was compiled in 1596(the 29th reign year of Seonjo) by Heo Jun(許浚) and others inobedience to a royal command and completed in 1610(the 2nd reign year of Gwanghaegun) by Heo Junalone. The book from the time of compiling showed its practicality and convenience in prescription and the originality of and the superiority of Joseon``s medical science. Donguibogam was a medical book which was representative of our traditional medical practice in traditional age, and was spread into East Asia when everoccasion offered. There were five kinds of editions published by government offices which was revised by physicians of royal family in the Joseon dynasty. Commercial editions editions published in China came out in Japanese colonial era as civil demand for the book greatly increased. In the first half of 17th century, the book was spread for the first time into China and Japan and inthe mid-19th century into Vietnam. There were 17 editions published in China in traditional age and theseeditions were widely disseminated for commercial purposes. The imperial palace of Qing China, noblemen,literati, physicians, and others widely cited and utilized Donguibogam. The shogunate in Japan publishedtwice and disseminated Donguibogam in the dimension of medical revolution and dissemination. Japanesephysicians met Korean physicians of Korean delegation and discussed Donguibogam with them. Later on, Japanese edition became a large central axis in the classification of the pedigree of Chinese edition. American doctor Landis became to know the superiority of Donguibogam and introduced it in a westernmagazine in Hong Kong. Vietnam and Spain obtained Donguibogam through China. The contribution of Donguibogam to medical supplies to people and development of medical science was so great that it received rave review as the treasure of the world by the people of East Asia in traditional age. The circulation of the book widely spread early into the whole areas of East Asia, the whole number of edition published in overseas countries was much more than that published in Korea. Theutilization of the original copy and its flow appeared the form of mutual interchange as the whole areas of East Asia tied into one

코퍼스 분석방법을 이용한 『東醫寶鑑 』영역본의 어휘 분석

정지훈(Ji-Hun Jung),김동율2(Dong-Ryul Kim),김도훈(Do-Hoon Kim) 한국의사학회 2015 한국의사학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Objectives : A quantitative analysis on the vocabulary in the English translation version of Donguibogam. Methods : This study quantitatively analyzed the English-translated texts of Donguibogam with the Corpus-based analysis, and compared the quantitative results analyzing the texts of original Donguibogam. Results : As the results from conducting the corpus analysis on the English-translation version of Donguibogam, it was found that the number of total words (Token) was about 1,207,376, and the all types of used words were about 20.495 and the TTR (Type/Token Rate) was 1.69. The accumulation rate reaching to the high-ranking 1000 words was 83.54%, and the accumulation rate reaching to the high-ranking 2000 words was 90.82%. As the words having the high-ranking frequency, the function words like 'the, and of, is' mainly appeared, and for the content words, the words like 'randix, qi, rhizoma and water' were appeared in multi frequencies. As the results from comparing them with the corpus analysis results of original version of Donguibogam, it was found that the TTR was higher in the English translation version than that of original version. The compositions of function words and contents words having high-ranking frequencies were similar between the English translation version and the original version of Donguibogam. The both versions were also similar in that their statements in the parts of 'Remedies' and 'Acupuncture' showed higher composition rate of contents words than the rate of function words. Conclusions : The vocabulary in the English translation version of Donguibogam showed that this book was a book keeping the complete form of sentence and an Korean medical book at the same time. Meanwhile, the English translation version of Donguibogam had some problems like the unification of vocabulary due to several translators, and the incomplete delivery of word’s meanings from the Chinese character-culture area to the English-culture area, and these problems are considered as the matters to be considered in a work translating Korean old medical books in English.