깊은호흡 시 미주신경 전기자극이 호흡근 활성과 호흡능력에 미치는 효과(사례 연구)

문현주,Moon, Hyunju 대한통합의학회 2019 대한통합의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of respiratory muscle and lung capacity during deep breathing with electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve. Methods: This study was conducted on 30 healthy adults in their 20s. Subjects were randomly performed to deep breathing or deep breathing with vagus nerve electrical stimulation. All subjects' diaphragm and internal oblique muscle activity were measured during deep breathing by electromyography, and lung capacity was measured by spirometry immediately after beep breathing. In the vagus nerve stimulation method, the surface electrode was cut into the left ear and then electrically stimulated using a needle electric stimulator. Results: The activity of diaphragm was significantly increased in deep breathing with vagus nerve electrical stimulation than in deep breathing. However, lung capacity did not show any significant difference according to the condition. Conclusion: Vagus nerve electrical stimulation could induce diaphragm activity more than deep breathing alone. Deep breathing with vagus nerve electrical stimulation may enhance the activity of the respiratory muscles and is expected to be an effective treatment for the elderly or COPD patients with poor breathing ability.

The Effects of Breath-Counting Meditation and Deep Breathing on Heart Rate Variability

Ji-Hwan Kim,Hyo-Sang Bae,Seong-Sik Park 대한한의학회 2016 대한한의학회지 Vol.37 No.2

The Effects of Breath-Counting Meditation and Deep Breathing on Heart Rate Variability

김지환,배효상,박성식 대한한의학회 2016 대한한의학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of breath-counting meditation (BCM) and deep breathing (DB) on heart rate variability (HRV). These breathing techniques have the characteristics of non-paced and self-controlled breathings, resulting in less increase of HRV. We also compared BCM and DB with usual breathing (UB) or relaxing breathing (RB) which can reveal the characteristics of those. Methods: 83 healthy volunteers sitting in chairs performed non-paced breathing; UB, RB, BCM, and DB each for 5 minutes. One minute of relaxation was permitted between breathings. Participants surfed the internet sitting in front of a computer during UB, while for RB, they remained steady with eyes closed. For BCM, they breathed inwardly counting from 1 to 10 repetitively, while they took a deep breath during DB. Physiological indices were simultaneously recorded with a biofeedback system. Results: Respiration rate, thoracic amplitude, and mean heart rate decreased in RB compared with UB, but there was no change in HRV. Respiration rate in BCM and DB was lower than that in UB or RB, and the amplitude of thorax or abdomen, and HRV all increased (p<0.05). However, mean heart rate and skin conductance decreased in BCM compared with UB (p<0.05), whereas those were no different between DB and UB. Conclusion: BCM, just concentrating mentally on breathing with counting each breath, can increase HRV with less sympathetic activation, while DB, actively moving thorax and abdomen for achieving the deepest respiration rate, can greatly raise HRV with the maintenance of mean vagal or sympathetic tone.

The Effects of Breath-Counting Meditation and Deep Breathing on Heart Rate Variability

Kim, Ji-Hwan,Bae, Hyo-Sang,Park, Seong-Sik The Society of Korean Medicine 2016 대한한의학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of breath-counting meditation (BCM) and deep breathing (DB) on heart rate variability (HRV). These breathing techniques have the characteristics of non-paced and self-controlled breathings, resulting in less increase of HRV. We also compared BCM and DB with usual breathing (UB) or relaxing breathing (RB) which can reveal the characteristics of those. Methods: 83 healthy volunteers sitting in chairs performed non-paced breathing; UB, RB, BCM, and DB each for 5 minutes. One minute of relaxation was permitted between breathings. Participants surfed the internet sitting in front of a computer during UB, while for RB, they remained steady with eyes closed. For BCM, they breathed inwardly counting from 1 to 10 repetitively, while they took a deep breath during DB. Physiological indices were simultaneously recorded with a biofeedback system. Results: Respiration rate, thoracic amplitude, and mean heart rate decreased in RB compared with UB, but there was no change in HRV. Respiration rate in BCM and DB was lower than that in UB or RB, and the amplitude of thorax or abdomen, and HRV all increased (p<0.05). However, mean heart rate and skin conductance decreased in BCM compared with UB (p<0.05), whereas those were no different between DB and UB. Conclusion: BCM, just concentrating mentally on breathing with counting each breath, can increase HRV with less sympathetic activation, while DB, actively moving thorax and abdomen for achieving the deepest respiration rate, can greatly raise HRV with the maintenance of mean vagal or sympathetic tone.

호흡운동을 병행한 몸통 근력운동과 심부 안정화 운동이 배근육 두께와 호흡에 미치는 영향

김현수 ( Kim Hyeonsu ),이건철 ( Lee Keoncheol ),추연기 ( Choo Yeonki ) 대한통합의학회 2020 대한통합의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to compare the effects on abdominal muscle thickness and breathing by applying trunk strength exercise and deep stabilization exercise along with breathing exercise, which is the main respiratory muscle during breathing, to present an efficient exercise method with diaphragm breathing. Methods : This study was performed on normal 6 females and 14 males subjects. They were divided into 2 groups which trunk strength exercise and deep stabilization exercise group. The trunk strength exercise group (TSE) attended prone press-up, crunch and pelvic tiling. The deep stabilization exercise group (DSE) attended abdominal drawing, horizontal side-support and bridging exercise. Breathing exercise was performed for each set break time for 1 minute. Results : First, in the comparison of the change in the thickness of the abdominal muscle between the trunk strength training group and the deep stabilization group before and after exercise, there was a statistically significant difference in the comparison of transverse abdominis (TrA), rectus femoris (RF), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO) (p< .05). However, there was no significant difference in any comparison between groups (p >.05). Second, in the comparison of changes in respiratory function between the trunk strength exercise group and the deep stabilization exercise group before and after exercise, there were statistically significant differences in the exerted forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the comparison before and after the experiment (p< .05). However, there was no significant difference in any comparison between groups (p >.05). Conclusion : As a result of this study, it can be said that both trunk strength exercises and deep stabilization exercises along with diaphragm breathing are exercises that strengthen deep and superficial muscles, and have a positive effect on breathing function as well as muscle strength. However, it is not known which exercise was more effective, and because it was combined with breathing exercise, the interference effect appeared.

Airway Responses to Deep Inspiration in Asthma by Different Bronchial Challenge

Chang-Wook Min,An-Soo Jang,Young-Seok Ji,Nam-Jun Cho,Kang-Hyug Choi,Yun-Mi Kwak 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2012 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.18 No.2

Objective: Deep inspirations (DI) provide physiologic protection against airway narrowing and DI-induced bronchoprotection and bronchodilation are impaired in asthma. Methods: To evaluate effect of DI on airway narrowing during methacholine challenge, we compared the 2 minutes tidal breathing method and the breath dosimeter method. Methacholine challenge in 12 asthmatics and 10 healthy controls was cross-overly performed by two methods. On first visit, a questionnaire for symptoms, allergy skin test, spirometry, and methacholine challenge was performed. On second visit, spirometry and methacholine challenge using the 25 mg/mL at 5 minutes intervals during the 2 minutes tidal breathing method and the ten-breath dosimeter method were performed on two separate days at same time each day. Results: The decreases in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity during the 2 minutes tidal breathing method and dosimeter method in patients with asthmatics were higher than those in normal controls. The decreases in FEV1 and forced vital capacity during the 2 minutes tidal breathing method were higher than during dosimeter method in both asthmatics and controls. Conclusion: These observations indicate that the continuous generation method produce more bronchoconstriction than the dosimeter method during methacholine challenge and asthmatics had more bronchoconstriction than controls, suggesting inhibition of DI enhance methacholine induced airway narrowing in asthmatics.

Development of a Breath Control Training System for Breath-Hold Techniques and Respiratory-Gated Radiation Therapy

Hyung Jin Choun,Jung-in Kim,Jong Min Park,Jaeman Son Korean Society of Medical Physics 2022 의학물리 Vol.33 No.4

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a breath control training system for breath-hold technique and respiratory-gated radiation therapy wherein the patients can learn breath-hold techniques in their convenient environment. Methods: The breath control training system comprises a sensor device and software. The sensor device uses a loadcell sensor and an adjustable strap around the chest to acquire respiratory signals. The device connects via Bluetooth to a computer where the software is installed. The software visualizes the respiratory signal in near real-time with a graph. The developed system can signal patients through visual (software), auditory (buzzer), and tactile (vibrator) stimulation when breath-holding starts. A motion phantom was used to test the basic functions of the developed breath control training system. The relative standard deviation of the maxima of the emulated free breathing data was calculated. Moreover, a relative standard deviation of a breath-holding region was calculated for the simulated breath-holding data. Results: The average force of the maxima was 487.71 N, and the relative standard deviation was 4.8%, while the average force of the breath hold region was 398.5 N, and the relative standard deviation was 1.8%. The data acquired through the sensor was consistent with the motion created by the motion phantom. Conclusions: We have developed a breath control training system comprising a sensor device and software that allow patients to learn breath-hold techniques in their convenient environment.

심호흡 운동 동안에 세 가지 다른 자세가 가슴우리 운동성에 미치는 영향

김지영(Ji-Yeong Kim),김태영(Tae-Yeong Kim),박승혜(Seung-Hye Park),이슬비(Seul-Bi Lee),김기송(Ki-Song Kim) 대한심장호흡물리치료학회 2018 대한심장호흡물리치료학회지 Vol.6 No.1

There is little research to investigate that which posture could be favorable to lung ventilation in order to induce increasing motility of thoracic cage at the adapted postures after exercise. This study was conducted to investigate which posture could be beneficial to ventilation by measuring the distance of thoracic cage in 3 different postures during deep breathing exercise. Methods : Twenty healthy college students participated in the study. The three-dimensional motion analysing system was used to measure the motion of the thoracic cage in three different postures. After attaching the marker to the specific part of the rib-cage, the normal standing, hand on knee standing, and wall leaning standing were taken for the measurement of rib-cage motility during deep breathing. Results : There was no significant difference in the thoracic cage motility except to marker 5,6. In post- hoc test, the most biggest diameters of the thoracic cage motility in normal standing than that of the other postures (p < 0.05). Conclusion : The results of this study may suggest helpful the normal standing in increasing the left and right diametric motility of the upper thoracic cage when taking deep breathing after intense exercise. However, In previous studies suggested the leaning trunk forward posture could be recommenced for helpful posture to improve ventilation. Hence, The result of this study could be conducted to prove the scientific effects of normal standing in the further study.

A laser-based monitoring system for a deep-inspiration breath-hold in radiation treatment of breast cancer: feasibility study

김동운,Jeon Hosang,Joo Ji Hyeon,기용간,김원택,김동현,Park Dahl,Nam Jiho 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.79 No.1

A deep-inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) is a useful technique that can reduce the risk of radiation-related toxicity to major organs during radiation treatment (RT) of breast cancer. A laser sensor-based position monitoring system was developed to measure the absolute position of the object and to realize high accuracy and reproducibility during DIBH. A laser distance sensor (LDS) was manufactured to be mounted on a commercial breast board and to measure the absolute distance between the sensor and the patient’s sternum. The absolute distance measured by using the LDS was evaluated for the movement generated by the motorized jack system. The respiration of five volunteers was measured by using the LDS and commercial real-time position management (RPM) to evaluate the correlation of the signals. The data measured by using the LDS for the input to the motorized jack had a relative error of 0.2%. At DIBH, the average correlation coefficient between the LDS and RPM was 0.98, and at FB, it was 0.84. The LDS and RPM showed almost similar timings for the rising and the falling portions, but the magnitudes of amplitudes were slightly different from each other. The LDS proposed in this study can easily reproduce patient setup and monitor DIBH without any disturbance from the treatment beam. The measuring accuracy of the LDS for the quantitative motion of a motorized jack system was successfully verified. The performance of the LDS compared to RPM in the FB and the DIBH of five volunteers was also clinically acceptable.

Breathing adapted radiotherapy for reduction of cardiac exposure using Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold technique

Min-Joo Kim,Jae-Hong Jung,Joo-Young Jung,Cho Woong,Tae-Suk Suh 대한방사선방어학회 2012 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2012 No.11