韓國産 박과 植物에 관한 本草學的 硏究

全吉煥,宋昊埈,辛民敎 한국전통의학연구소 1998 한국전통의학지 Vol.8 No.1

韓國産 박과 Cucurbitaceae에 속한 植物에 대하여 本草學的으로 文獻을 통하여 調査한 結果 다음과 같이 要約되었다. 1. 植物 總 53種 中 오이속·Cucumis 植物이 10種, 박속·lagenaria 植物 總 6種, 호박속·Cucurbita과 하늘타리속·Trichosanthes 植物이 各各 5種, Melothria 植物이 4種, Hernsleya과 유자속·Momordica 植物이 各各 3種, 뚜껑덩굴속·Aetinostemma, 수박속·Citrullus 과 수세미오이속·Luffa 植物이 各各 2種, 그 外 동아속·Benincasa, Bolbostemma, Corona, Diplocydos, 돌외속·Gymnostemma, Gymnopetalum, Hodgsonia. 산외속·Schizopepon, Sechiam, Thladiantha 植物이 各各 1種의 順으로 調査되어 Cucumis 植物이 가장 많이 나타났음을 알 수 있었다. 2. 植物은 總 19屬 53種으로 調査되었으며 그 가운데 藥用植物은 괄樓, 冬瓜, 南瓜, 甛瓜, 絲瓜 等의 15屬 34種으로서 約 64%를 차지하고 있었다. 3. 植物 中 藥用植物을 藥用 部位別로 分類해보면 種子類 23種, 果實類 19種, 根類 16種, 葉類 11種, 果皮類 10種, 莖·藤類 9種, 체類 4種, 全草類와 果ㅁ類가 各各 3種 그 外 塊莖, 霜, ㅁ, 幼芽, 液汁 및 絡類가 各各 1種의 順으로 調査되어 種子類 藥物이 가장 많이 活用되었다. 4. 藥性에 있어서 寒凉性 藥物이 22種, 平性 藥物이 12種, 溫熱性 藥物이 3種 等으로 나타나 寒凉性 藥物이 가장 많이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 5. 效能에 있어서는 淸熱解毒 藥物이 21種, 利水消腫 藥物이 20種, 潤肺化痰 藥物이 12種, 止痛 藥物과 生津止渴 藥物이 各各 7種 等으로 調査되어 淸熱解毒과 利水消腫 藥物이 가장 많이 나타났다. 6. 有毒 藥物로는 苦瓜, 王瓜, 黃瓜, 苦壺蘆子, 木ㅁ子, 合子草, 羅鍋저, 甛瓜체等으로 나타나 있으나 木ㅁ子를 除外하고는 毒性이 極烈하지 않았다. 以上의 내용으로 보아 韓國産 박과 植物中 藥用植物이 64%를 차지하였고 이 가운데 種子와 果實類 藥用植物이 가장 많았으며 아울러 毒性 藥物이 적어 臨床에 容易하게 使用될수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 同科의 藥用植物에 대하여 實驗的인 硏究가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Cucurbitaceae which grow wild and is plante d in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigative and the results obtained were as follows: 1) There were totaled 19 genera and 53 species in Korea and among them medecinal plants are 15 genera, 34 species, some 64% in total but the number of species may be added because of similar plants. 2)According to the oriental name which can be used for medical purpose, the medicinal plants beloning to the Cucurbitaceae wer e classified as Semen 23, Fructus 19, Radix 16, Folium 11, Exocarpium 10, Caulis 9, Herba 3, ect, Thus it was noticed that Semen was the main kind. 3)According to sum of 53 species in Cucurbitaceae they were dassified into Cucumis genera 10, Lageneria genera 6, Cucurbita and Trichosanthes genera 5)Melothira genera 4,Hemsleya and Monordica genera 3, Actinostemma, Citrullus and Luffa genera 2, Benincase, Bolbostemma, Cocc ina, Diploccylos, Gymnostemma, Gymnopetalum, Hodgsonia, Schizopepon, Sechiam and Talandina genera 1 etc. Thus it was noticed that Cucumis genera was the main kind. 4)According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were dassified into cold and cool; 22, balance 12, wormth and heat; 3. Thus it was noticed that cold and cool is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 5)According to the Properties and Principal Curative action, they were classified into, clearing up heat and toxin 21, drugs for inducing diuresis to allevitae edema 20, drugs for nourishing the lung and resolving phlegm 12, drugs for analegesic and promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst 7. 6)Comparing to whole medical plants 53 kinds, toxic durgs include minor toxin were 8 kinds. Thus toxic durgs were rare. From this result, It was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Cucurbitaceae was 64% kinds of the whole, in which semen was mostly abundunt,toxic plants were so rare that it will be used for clinical treatments more easily. It is considered that many dinical experiments and approaches must be continued to use widely.

Phylogeny of Cucurbitaceae species in Korea based on 5S rDNA non-transcribed spacer

Nomar Espinosa Waminal,김현희,류광복,박보름 한국유전학회 2014 Genes & Genomics Vol.36 No.1

The 5S rDNA coding region and its spacer havebeen successfully utilized in phylogenetic studies of plants. However, it has not been utilized in the phylogeneticanalysis of Cucurbitaceae. Here, we obtained the 5S rDNAsequences of 12 Cucurbitaceae species by direct PCR orcloning. The 5S rDNA sequences ranged from 275 to359 bp, and the coding regions of all species were 120 bplong, except for that of Cucurbita, which was 119 bp. Some genus-specific SNPs were observed in the codingregions of Cucurbita, Lagenaria, Melothria, and Tricosanthes. The GC content of the coding regions was generallyhigher than that of the NTS regions, and thedifference in GC content between the coding and NTSregions varied among species, with Gynostemma pentaphyllumhaving the greatest difference of 20.3. The phylogenetictrees generated using maximum parsimony andmaximum likelihood were congruent and well supportedby the recently published classification of Cucurbitaceae. These results demonstrated the utility of the 5S rDNAsequence in inferring phylogenetic relationships among 12Cucurbitaceae species, and its utility could be extended byusing a greater number of species in future studies.

박과 작물 4종의 핵형분석

권지연(Kwon Ji Yeon),박혜미(Park Hye Mi),이성남(Lee Sung Nam),최선희(Choi Sun Hee),송경아(Song Kyung A),김현희(Kim Hyun Hee) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.7

박과 작물 4종(오이, 수박, 참외, 수세미)에 대한 핵형분석연구를 수행하였다. 염색체 조성은 모두 이배체로 염색체 수와 형태적 특징에 있어서 종에 따라 차이를 나타냈다. 오이의 핵형은 2n=14=14m, 수박은 2n=22=22m으로 2번 염색체가 부수체를 지니며, 참외는 2n=24=18m+6sm으로 7번 염색체가 부수체를 지니고 있었다. 수세미는 2n=26=26m으로 1번 염색체가 부수체를 지니고 있었다. 핵형분석 결과 종에 따라 특징적인 염색체 수와 조성을 나타내었으며 종간 게놈구성의 정보에 따른 박과 작물 육종화 작업의 기초 자료를 제공할 수 있으리라 본다. The chromosome numbers and compositions were investigated in four cultivated species of Cucurbitaceae; Cucumis sativus L., Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai, Cucumis melo L., Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roemer. through general aceto-orcein staining method. The chromosome compositions of four species were diploids of 2n=22, 2n=24 and 2n=26 respectively. The chromosomes were relatively small and showed gradual length degradation from 2.50 ㎛ to 2.16 ㎛ in Cucumis sativus, 3.71 ㎛ to 2.11 ㎛ in Cucumis melo, 3.20 μm to 2.40 ㎛ in Citrullus lanatus and 3.17 ㎛ to 1.97 ㎛ in Luffa cylindrica. The chromosome types consisted of all metacentrics in Cucumis sativus, seven pairs submetacentrics and five pairs metacertrics in C. melo, four pairs of submetacentrics and seven pairs metacertrics in Citrullus lanatus, and two pairs submetacentrics and eleven pairs metacentrics in Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roemer.. The satellites were found in a pair of chromosomes in C. melo and two pairs in Luffa cylindrica. The chromosome compositions in these four species showed species-specific patterns and seemed to provide useful informations for breeding and molecular cytogenetic works on Cucurbitaceae.

Genome-Wide Identification and Classification of the AP2/EREBP Gene Family in the Cucurbitaceae Species

( Sang-choon Lee ),( Won-kyung Lee ),( Asjad Ali ),( Manu Kumar ),( Tae-jin Yang ),( Kihwan Song ) 한국육종학회 2017 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.5 No.2

AP2/EREBP gene family consists of transcription factor genes with a conserved AP2 DNA-binding domain and is involved in various biological processes. AP2/EREBP gene families were identified through genome-wide searches in five Cucurbitaceae species including cucumber, wild cucumber, melon, watermelon, and bitter gourd, which consisted of more than 100 genes in each of the five species. The gene families were further divided into five groups including four subfamilies (ERF, DREB, AP2 and RAV) and a soloist group. Among the subfamilies, DREB subfamily which is known to be related to abiotic stress response was more analyzed and a total of 25 genes were identified as Cucurbitaceae homologues of Arabidopsis CBF/DREB1 genes which are important for abiotic stress-response and tolerance. In silico expression profiling using RNA-Seq data revealed diverse expression patterns of cucumber AP2/EREBP genes. AP2/EREBP gene families identified in this study will be valuable for understanding the stress response mechanism as well as facilitating molecular breeding in Cucurbitaceae crops.

박과작물 재배 단동 비닐하우스의 천장 환기시스템 설치 실태조사

여경환,유인호,이한철,정재완,최경이,Yeo, Kyung-Hwan,Yu, In-Ho,Rhee, Han-Cheol,Cheong, Jae-Woan,Choi, Gyeong Lee 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2013 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.40 No.4

This research was conducted to obtain the basic information for establishment of standard guidelines in the design and installation of roof ventilation system in single-span plastic greenhouse. To achieve this, the greenhouse structure & characteristics, cultivation status, and ventilation system were investigated for single-span greenhouse with roof ventilation system cultivating the Cucurbitaceae vegetables, watermelon, cucumber, and oriental melon. Most of single-span watermelon greenhouse in Haman and Buyeo area were a hoop-style and the ventilation system in those greenhouses mostly consisted of two different types of 'roof vent (circular or chimney type) + side vent (hole) + fan' and 'roof vent (circular type) + side vent (hole or roll-up type)'. The diameter of circular and chimney-type vent was mostly 60cm and the average number of vents was 10.5 per a bay with vent spacing of average 6.75m. The ratio of roof vent area to floor area and side vent area in the single-span watermelon greenhouse with ventilation fan were 0.46% and 7.6%, respectively. The single-span cucumber greenhouse in Haman and Changnyeong area were a gable roof type, such as even span, half span, three quarter and the 70.6% of total investigated single-span greenhouses was equipped with a roof ventilation fan while 58.8% had a circulation fan inside the greenhouse. The ratios of roof vent area to floor area in the single-span cucumber greenhouse ranged from 0.61 to 0.96% and in the case of the square roof vent, were higher than that of the circular type vent. On average, the roof ventilation fan in single-span cucumber greenhouse was equipped with the power input of 210W and maximum air volume of $85.0m^3/min$, and the number of fans was 9.75 per a bay. The number of roof vent of single-span oriental melon greenhouse with only roll-up type side vent ranged from 8 to 21 (average 14.8), which was higher than that of other Cucurbitaceae vegetables while the vent number of the greenhouse with a roof ventilation fan was average 7 per a bay.

박과류 검은점뿌리썩음병의 발생분포 및 분리병원균의 병원성

허노열,류경열,현익화,권진혁 한국식물병리학회 2001 식물병연구 Vol.7 No.1

Root rot of Cucurbitaceae plants, caused by Monosporascus cannonballus, is one of the recently described diseases in Korea. The distribution and pathogenicity of M. cannonballus were examined by field and in vitro experiments. Root rot caused by M. cannonballus occurred on melon, oriental melon, watermelon and cucumber plants. In two years of disease survey, the disease occurred at 10 and 32 fields in 1997 and 1998, respectively, which were located at Kimhae, Chinju, and Namhae in Kyeongnam province, at Kwangyang in Chonnam province, at Kwangju city, and at Yeoju and Inchon in Kyeonggi province. The disease progress in a melon field at Namhae was not observed until the middle stage of plant growth, but rapidly increased at the fruit maturing stage, resulting in more than 50% yield loss. Isolation rate of M. cannonballus was 36.7% from wilted hosts. Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were also frequently isolated. In vitro test, seedlings wilted after 7∼14 days of inoculation, and perithecia were formed in infected roots 21 days later. Two cucumber cultivars, Baekbong and Eunhwa, were resistant to the disease.

Development of RT-PCR Based Method for Detecting Five Non-reported Quarantine Plant Viruses Infecting the Family Cucurbitaceae or Solanaceae

이종승,김국형,조원경,이수헌,최홍수 한국식물병리학회 2011 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.27 No.1

For quarantine purpose, we selected five plant RNA viruses including Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV),Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), Potato aucuba mosaic virus (PAMV), Potato yellow dwarf virus (PYDV), and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), which are not reported in Korea and cause serious economic losses to the family Cucurbitaceae or Solanaceae. To detect those viruses, we employed RT-PCR technique with specific oligonucleotide primer pairs and tested their detection efficiency for each virus. To design RT-PCR primers,coat protein was used for CVYV, CYSDV, and ToCV whereas RNA polymerase and nucleocapsid regions were used for PAMV and PYDV, respectively. The development of an RT-PCR based method proved a useful tool for rapid detection and identification of quarantine virus infections.

Dual‐color FISH karyotype analyses using rDNAs in three Cucurbitaceae species

Nomar Espinosa Waminal,김남수,김현희 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.5

Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of three Cucurbitaceae species from different genera was conducted using 5S and 45S rDNA probes. In Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. (2n=24), the 45S rDNA probe hybridized on two chromosomes, one in the short arm of a medium-sized metacentric chromosome and another at the satellite of a chromosome. The 5S rDNA hybridized at a site proximal to the centromere of the same short arm of the 45S rRNA gene locus that occupied almost the entire short arm. For Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai (2n=22), the 45S rDNA probe hybridized at sites in the short arms of two chromosomes and the 5S rDNA probe was co-localized with the 45S rRNA locus at the region proximal to the centromere in one chromosome. The 45S rRNA loci occupied almost all of the short arms in both chromosomes. In Cucurbita moschata Duch. (2n=40), the 45S rDNA probe hybridized in five chromosomes in which the 45S rRNA genes occupied almost two-thirds of the chromosomes in two large chromosomes and the entire short arm of a medium-sized chromosome. Two other loci were present in two medium-sized chromosomes, one in the proximal region in the short arm of a chromosome and another at the tip of the long arm of a chromosome. Chromosomes of B. hispida were relatively larger than those of the other two species. The karyotype of B. hispida is composed of two metacentrics and 10 submetacentrics, while that of C. lanatus is composed of seven metacentrics and four submetacentrics and that of C. moschata is composed of 18 metacentrics and two submetacentrics. Comparative chromosome evolution among the three Cucurbitaceae species was attempted using the karyotypes and the chromosomal distribution patterns of the 5S and 45S rDNAs. The results presented herein will be useful in elucidating the phylogenetic relationships among Cucurbitaceae species, and will provide basic data for their breeding programs.

Anti-hepatotoxic activity of Fruit pulp of Momordica dioica Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae)

Ilango, K.,Maharajan, G.,Narasimhan, S. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2004 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.4 No.1

The Hexane Extract (HE) and Ethyl Acetate Soluble Fraction of the Methanolic Extract (EASFME) of the fruit pulp of Momordica dioica Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae) was evaluated for its anti-hepatotoxic activity in rats. Acute hepatotoxicity was induced by administering paracetamol (2 g/kg, p.o.) for 3 days. The extracts, at a dose of 400 mg/kg (p.o.) administered for 7 days exhibited a significant therapeutic effect by lowering Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Serum bilirubin and increasing the serum protein levels. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination of the liver sections. The activity of extract was also comparable to the standard drug Silymarin, which is a well-known natural anti-hepatotoxic drug.

Genome-Wide Identification of the Dehydrin Genes in the Cucurbitaceae Species

이상춘,이원경,Asjad Ali,Manu Kumar,양태진,송기환 한국육종학회 2017 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.5 No.4

Dehydrins (DHNs) are hydrophilic proteins with conserved lysine-rich K-segment, which belong to Group II of the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein family. DHNs are considered as molecular chaperons playing important roles in abiotic stress tolerance. In this study, DHN genes were identified through genome-wide searches in five Cucurbitaceae species, including cucumber, wild cucumber, melon, watermelon, and bitter gourd. Three to five DHN genes were found in each of the five species, which were further divided into several protein architecture types based on the presence and order of the major conserved motifs such as K-, Y-, and S-segments. In silico expression profiling using RNA-Seq data revealed high expression of SK3-type DHN gene and low expression of other type DHN genes in cucumber and melon. In silico promoter analysis identified a number of cis-acting element-like sequences related to abiotic stress-response such as DRE and ABRE in 2-kb putative promoter sequences. DHN genes identified in this study will be valuable for understanding the stress response mechanism as well as assisting molecular breeding in Cucurbitaceae crops.