Smart 시대의 TV Conceptual Model의 시각화에 관한 연구

박준홍,나건 한국인더스트리얼디자인학회 2014 산업디자인학연구 Vol.8 No.3

Convergence of knowledge became a significant social aspect as the paradigm of agricultural society shifted towards smart society. The purpose of this thesis paper is to contemplate the elements that form smart society and to propose a new model related to the subject. By researching the essentials, objective is to visualize the concept of connecting future smart TV designers with the users through literature research, analysis about the meaning of smart society and historical background, cultural definition of TV. The meaning of TV has been transformed from family-centered to individual-centered through the years. Emergence of new conceptual model for TV is necessary in the smart period because of interconnected, instrument and intelligent aspects. Therefore, this paper referred Donald A. Norman's Normal User Conceptual Model and Smart User Conceptual Model as a basis to suggest the reconstitution of visualized Smart TV Conceptual Model. A hypothesis has been derived through research that the experience factor and the smart factor has identical notion. Also, scholastic direction has been confirmed that these two factors can be conducted within a similar concept. 농업사회에서 스마트사회로 패러다임이 변화하면서 지식의 융합이 중요한 사회가 되었다. 본 논문은 스마트사회를 구성하는 요소를 고찰하고 그 본질을 파악하고 그에 맞는 새로운 모델을 제시하고자 하였다. 문헌연구를 통한 Smart 사회의와 TV의 역사 및 의미의 문화를 분석함으로 다가올 Smart TV의 디자이너와 사용자의 교두보 역할을 할 수 있는 개념의 본질을 연구하여 이를 시각화 하고자 했다. 과거 TV의 의미는 가족중심에서 개인중심으로 이동하고 있었다. 스마트시대로 넘어오면서 TV는 interconnected, instrument, intelligent의 요소로 인하여 새로운 개념모델이 필요하게 되었다 이에 본 논문에서는 도널드 노먼의 Conceptual Model을 중심으로 Normal User Conceptual Model과 Smart User Conceptual Model을 도출하였으며, 이를 종합적으로 재구성하여 시각화된 Smart TV Conceptual Model을 제시 하였다. 또한 연구를 통하여 경험의 요소와 Smart의 요소가 동일한 개념을 갖고 있다는 것을 유추하여 냈으며, 경험과 Smart가 같은 개념으로 연구될 수 있다는 근거에 대한 학술적 방향을 확인하였다.

도시지역에서 선행강우지수를 고려한 저수유출 시뮬레이션 모형

허창환,임기석,송시훈,지홍기 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study is aimed at the development of a deterministic runoff model which can be used for low flow runoff. The model is formulated by the watershed runoff model. Based on the assumptions that runoff system is nonlinear, the proposed watershed runoff models are the conceptual model and artificial neural network model. In the model structures, the conceptual model divide the runoff system into a surface structure and a subsurface structure corresponding to the surface flow, and inter flow and ground water flow. The lag time effect of surface can be represented by the sub-tank of surface structure in the conceptual model. Fifteen neural networks models using Quasi-Newton technique were prepared to find the optimum parameters with each of them having different numbers of hidden layers and hidden layers nodes. The parameter calibration of inter flow and ground water flow in the subsurface structure of the conceptual model is made by separating the components with numeric filter. The runoff coefficient (α_2, K_1) is expressed as the function of antecedent precipitation index (API) in the conceptual model. The parameters related to the surface flow can be calibrated with the runoff coefficient (α_1, α_11, C_1, C_2) in the conceptual model. In the conceptual and ann model an algorithm are developed to calibrate the parameters automatically based on efficiency criteria. The conceptual model shows more closely to the observed hydrograph than ann model.

은유해석모델

김기수 한국중앙영어영문학회 2010 영어영문학연구 Vol.52 No.3

This paper aims to suggest a unified model of metaphor interpretation that reconciles two competing models, conceptual metaphor model and attributive categorization model. There has been much debate about which model offers the most veridical account of how people interpret metaphors. But there is the possibility of reconciling two rival models. Proponents of conceptual metaphor and attributive categorization models of metaphor have differently sampled metaphors. Proponents of conceptual metaphor model have chosen relational and double metaphors, but proponents of attributive categorization model have chosen double and attributional metaphors. Also proponents of conceptual metaphor model have chosen novel and conventional metaphors, but proponents of attributive categorization model have chosen conventional and dead metaphors. I here offer a unified model of metaphor interpretation (31). In model (31) there are three types of metaphor. Type 1 metaphors are interpreted in a comparison mode, type 2 metaphors are interpreted in a comparison mode in some contexts and in a categorization mode in other contexts. and type 3 metaphors are interpreted in a categorization mode. Type 1 is novel, relational metaphors, type 2 is conventional, double metaphors, and type 3 is dead, attributional metaphors.

확장된 개체 관계 모델 기반 XML의 개념적 모델 비교

김영웅 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2019 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.19 No.6

XML has been established as a de facto standard for representing and exchanging documents, and has been widely used as a logical data model. Using XML as a logical database model, it requires a conceptual model for the semantics that XML has. However, the existing conceptual models, such as Entity Relationship models and UML, have been extended their concepts to express the specific characteristics of XML, but so far, there are no standard models. This paper compares the characteristics of the typical model of conceptual model of XML by Extended Entity Relationship model from the perspective of database field. For this, we propose the requirements that must be met for XML, and on the basis of these requirements, the approaches of each model are compared. XML은 문서의 표현 및 교환을 위한 사실상의 표준으로 자리 잡아 왔으며, 논리적 데이터 모델로 널리 사용되어왔다. XML을 논리적 모델로 사용하기 위해서는 XML이 갖는 의미론에 대한 개념적 모델이 필요하다. 하지만, XML의고유한 특성을 표현하기 위해 기존의 개념적 모델인 개체관계 모델이나 UML 등을 이용하여 모델을 확장하여 사용해왔지만 현재까지 표준화된 모델은 없다. 본 논문은 데이터베이스 분야 관점에서 개체 관계 모델을 확장하여 XML의 개념적 모델로 사용하는 대표적인 모델들의 특징을 비교한다. 이를 위해 XML의 개념적 모델이 충족해야 할 요구사항들을제시하고, 이를 근거로 각 모델들의 접근방식을 비교한다.

Analytical Model for Component Based Software: Towards Effective Design

Prasenjit Banerjee,Anirban Sarkar,Narayan C Debnath 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.12

Implementation of an analytical model of component based software into web based system is an important issue towards the effective software development. The mechanism towards such model implementation also enriches the quality of the model design. Formal specification would help to provide concrete and precise concept of a model. This paper has proposed a formal specification of an analytical model for a component based system, called Component-Class-Interface (CCI) which facilitates a sophisticated description of component model with mathematical explanation. A logical level implementation mechanism of such formally specified analytical model has been also implemented along with re-engineering facility. Moreover, a rule based transformation mechanism has been proposed to transform CCI into logical model. The correctness of such model transformation has been evaluated using Triple Graph Grammar. A comparative study has also been discussed to show the expressiveness of the proposed methodology. Moreover the concepts of the proposed approach have been implemented using a CASE tool.

Comparing Biosphere Conceptual Models for Groundwater Release Scenarios in Deep Geological Disposal Safety Assessment

Wontak Lee,Dongki Kim,Jonghyun Kim,Gilyong Cha,Joowan Park 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1

Two sets of analyses for the cases of groundwater release to well and sea ecosystems were conducted for the environmental impact assessment of high-level radioactive waste disposal facilities. After obtaining the respective BDCF (Biosphere Dose Conversion Factor) results for the scenarios of well-farming and marine water fishing using different biosphere assessment conceptual models implemented in ECOLEGO, they were compared each other. The purposes of these analyses are to identify reference generic biosphere conceptual models and to get insight on model uncertainty. In this study, the endpoint used for the comparison of the ECOLEGO biosphere models was the socalled Biosphere Dose Conversion Factor (BDCF), which is defined as the maximum value of the total dose to the exposed group, in Sv/yr, resulting from a continuous unit release of 1 Bq/yr during the whole simulation time either to the well compartment (BDCF_Well) or to the marine water compartment (BDCF_Sea). The radionuclides considered in the comparison were Cs-137, I-129, Nb-94, Ni-59, Ni- 63, Sr-90 and Tc-99. The conceptual models used in the biosphere assessment of the releases to a well are based on models that have been used by the DOE (simple-soil model) and SKB (complex-soil model) in safety assessments of radioactive waste repositories, respectively. Difference between two conceptual models used in the assessment of the releases to a sea is the number of compartments representing the sea; i.e., one model represents the sea with one compartment for the water and one for the sediment (singlecompartment model), whereas the alternative model uses two compartments for the water and the sediments: one for the inner coast and one for the outer coast (double-compartment model). The results of the BDCF_Well to a farmer obtained with the DOE and SKB models are shown to be very close to each other. Despite the differences in conceptual models and parameters, the results are within a maximum difference of a factor of 4. The results from the SKB model were higher for all radionuclides. The values of the BDCF_Sea obtained with the single- and double-compartment models are shown to be larger differences with a maximum order of 2. For all studied radionuclides, the double-compartment model produces higher BDCFs than does the single-compartment model. The differences would be due to activity concentrations in both water and sediments. Since the hydrodynamic behavior assumed for flow in the sea could significantly influence the dilution volumes and hence the concentrations, it is found that site-specific investigations are necessary to establish an appropriate marine biosphere conceptual model.

터널모델링시 개념모델에 따른 지하수 유동 예측결과 비교연구

최미정 ( Mi Jung Choi ),이진용 ( Jin Yong Lee ),구민호 ( Min Ho Koo ),이강근 ( Kang Kun Lee ) 대한지질공학회 2004 지질공학 Vol.14 No.2

도로 및 철도 신설에 따른 터널 굴착으로 지하수가 유출될 경우 지하수 자원 고갈, 농업용수 및 생활용수 부족 및 지표수 유량의 변화 등이 예상된다. 이러한 터널 굴착에 따른 지하수계의 변화를 예측하기 위해 3차원 유한차분 모형인 MODFLOW가 가장 널리 이용되고 있는 추세이다. 지하수 유동 모델링 실무에서 개념모델의 설정은 가장 중요한 요소 중 하나이다. 개념모델을 너무 단순화하였을 경우 모델링 결과로부터 필요한 정보를 얻어낼 수 없는 상황이 발생할 수 있고, 혹은 너무 복잡하게 개념모델을 설정하였을 경우 필요한 현장 자료가 부족할 수 있으며, 수집이 되었더라도 모델을 구동하는데 과다하게 많은 시간과 자원이 소요될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 터널 굴착에 관한 지하수 모델링을 수행할 경우 개념 모델 설정에 따른 모델링 결과를 비교하여 현실에 보다 적합하고 효율적인 개념모델 구성에 대해 고찰하였다. When the groundwater outflow occurs due to tunnel excavation during the road and railroad construction, depletion of groundwater resources, deficiency in the living and agricultural waters, and changes in the surface water flux are expected. The MODFLOW is a most commonly used and three dimensional finite difference model to predict changes in the groundwater system due to the tunnel construction. A conceptual model is one of the most important elements for the proper modeling results. Essential information will not be extracted from an oversimplified conceptual model while excess time and resources with much field data are required for the very complicated one. This study presented a comparison of the modeling results depending on some conceptual models and discussed construction of the efficient conceptual model for reasonable and realistic results in the tunnel modeling.

TMUML: A Singular TM Model with UML Use Cases and Classes

Al-Fedaghi, Sabah International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.6

In the systems and software modeling field, a conceptual model involves modeling with concepts to support development and design. An example of a conceptual model is a description developed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). UML uses a model multiplicity formulation approach, wherein a number of models are used to represent alternative views. By contrast, a model singularity approach uses only a single integrated model. Each of these styles of modeling has its strengths and weaknesses. This paper introduces a partial solution to the issue of multiplicity vs. singularity in modeling by adopting UML use cases and class models into the conceptual thinging machine (TM) model. To apply use cases, we adopt the observation that a use-case diagram is a description that shows the internal structure of the part of the system represented by the use case in addition to being useful to people outside of the system. Additionally, the UML class diagram is recast in TM representation. Accordingly, we develop a TMUML model that embraces the TM specification of the UML class diagram and the internal structure extracted from the UML use case. TMUML modeling introduces some of the advantages that have made UML a popular modeling language to TM modeling. At the same time, this approach supplies UML with partial model singularity. The paper details experimentation with TMUML using examples from the literature. Our results indicate that mixing UML with other models could be a viable approach.

A Mobile Interactive System Generation Framework from Conceptual Model to Development Paradigm

Juanni Li,Qingyi Hua,Xiang Ji 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.3

The design of interactive systems is a process of transformation from problem domain to implementation domain. A mobile interactive system design differs from traditional software design in the perspective providing to conceptual modeling. With a diversity of user requirements and devices, it more concentrates on knowledge about the context of use rather than static information of problem domain. This paper proposes a multi-dimension description method which can describe those concepts related to special user requirements in the special context from four aspects: the set of static conceptual elements, process set, constraint set and interactive set. Then based on the conceptual model, a mobile interactive system generation framework is proposed to accurately map those concepts into requirement analysis and the implementation process; under the guidance of design pattern, a usable and useful interactive system can be achieved. Finally, we give a prototype of campus navigation system in which we successful used the generation framework.

Model Multiplicity (UML) Versus Model Singularity in System Requirements and Design

Al-Fedaghi, Sabah International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.4

A conceptual model can be used to manage complexity in both the design and implementation phases of the system development life cycle. Such a model requires a firm grasp of the abstract principles on which a system is based, as well as an understanding of the high-level nature of the representation of entities and processes. In this context, models can have distinct architectural characteristics. This paper discusses model multiplicity (e.g., unified modeling language [UML]), model singularity (e.g., object-process methodology [OPM], thinging machine [TM]), and a heterogeneous model that involves multiplicity and singularity. The basic idea of model multiplicity is that it is not possible to present all views in a single representation, so a number of models are used, with each model representing a different view. The model singularity approach uses only a single unified model that assimilates its subsystems into one system. This paper is concerned with current approaches, especially in software engineering texts, where multimodal UML is introduced as the general-purpose modeling language (i.e., UML is modeling). In such a situation, we suggest raising the issue of multiplicity versus singularity in modeling. This would foster a basic appreciation of the UML advantages and difficulties that may be faced during modeling, especially in the educational setting. Furthermore, we advocate the claim that a multiplicity of views does not necessitate a multiplicity of models. The model singularity approach can represent multiple views (static, behavior) without resorting to a collection of multiple models with various notations. We present an example of such a model where the static representation is developed first. Then, the dynamic view and behavioral representations are built by incorporating a decomposition strategy interleaved with the notion of time.