마을 공동체 활성화를 위한 소규모 커뮤니티 공간 디자인 - 일동 마을 커뮤니티 공간 ‘마실’ 을 중심으로 -

김철중 ( Cheol Joong Kim ),유석환 ( Seoukhwan Yu ) 한국공간디자인학회 2017 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.12 No.5

(Background and Purpose) The rapid economic growth of modern society accelerated population concentration and personalization in large cities, and as a result, the quality of relationship-oriented life is deteriorating, as can be observed in the loss of community spirit as a village, the absence of community activities, and the severance of local community exchanges. The personalization following the loss of community life has created a new desire for the life which is the basic nature of human being. Thus, a discussion about the importance of village community and community space is newly emerging. Therefore, this study was planned to designate “Masil,” a community space of Ildong Village in Ansan City, Gyeonggi Province, and utilize it as a village community space for a community design development process in collaboration with the village community. (Method) The scope of design development is to design an interior space on the first floor of 572-2, Ildong, Sangrok-gu, Ansan City, and to establish a community center base space in connection with the adjacent regional children's center. For this, first, this study theoretically considers the etymological definition and the essential meaning of community, and analyzes the concept of community design and procedures. Second, this study analyzes the surrounding environment and interior space of the site in a contextual way, and draws out the main spatial factors and utilization plan by collecting opinions of village residents. Third, based on the contents discussed with the residents, the interior space of the site is designed as a village community center base space in connection with the neighboring regional children's center. (Results) The results of this study are as follows. First, it proposed a model to utilize ordinary villas in densely populated downtown villages as village community spaces, suggesting a possibility of establishing small-scale village communities with less capital. Second, by applying the concept of community design, it encouraged the active participation of residents, and enabled the development of a sustainable design. Third, it was designed as a flexible space, where furniture and spatial composition could be arranged in accordance with the purpose of use, so that the utilization of the small space can be maximized. Fourth, it actively linked the space to the surrounding environment to make it recognizable as a local community center base space. (Conclusions) This study proposed a community design development process and results, through collaboration with village communities, and suggested a small community space design model of urban residential complexes for village community formation. This implies that the village residents proposed a flexible multi-purpose space design for community activities by using small spaces themselves in order to realize the ultimate goal of village community revitalization.

공간의 사회적 구성과 한국공동체 공간의 공유

이동일 계명대학교 한국학연구원 2022 한국학논집 Vol.- No.86

A space is a major variable that defines individuals and groups. But A space cannot be prescribed as a merely physical realm. A space is a place within which interact activities, ideologies, and power of human beings. So, a space is not just a physical boundary but a truth that has an ideological one. This paper is intended to confirm that a space is a sociological construct, and to examine the meaning of private ownership and sharing for a space, and share-space of the Korean community. A space is a place in which occur human beings' interactions, and includes production relations. A space consists of value and human activities. as it is abstract, as well. This is indeed the meaning of social construction of space. Human beings construct groups and societies for their own survival, and the concrete place of which is a space. The use of a space can be differ depending on the value, ideology, and religion of human beings. The cognitive difference between private ownership and share-space appears as the cognitive distinction on spaces. A space became throughly fragmented and individualized in private-ownership capitalism where profits and exchange values are considered the absolute value. A space is completely regarded as the viewpoint of cost and benefit. This comes out as inequality in reality. However, community cannot but have differentiation on a space, a place, the use of land, and the mode of ownership by capitalism, in that community makes a premise of the ownership of all the group members. Community initiates from in the meaning of distribution and sharing. Accordingly, publicly owning space is inevitable. It shares everyday space, or dining and housing, and production space. In effect, it is essential that it consists of communal dining, communal housing, and communal laboring. Communities take on various formality depending on contents and styles. But, the cognition of everyday sharing ought to be connected to space sharing. That is why, in the sociological definition of community, a space is the space which transcends a simple meaning of a space. However, in modern society, community transforms into new forms such as virtual community, network community and so forth. Whether virtual or network, the meaning of shared space is shared as a truth which a space has. Community - which is different from the existing society - consists of a space upon ideological value of sharing. Therefore, a space is a space-for-all, and consists through the ideology of the community. Communal ownership is as just as private ownership is. The Korean community realizes ideology and reality through space-sharing. The sharing of ideology and space is an activity and movement which can be proved by practice and the concrete life of reality. 공간은 개인, 집단을 정의하는 주요 변수다. 그러나 공간은 단순한 물리적 영역으로만 규정될 수 없다. 공간은 인간의 활동, 이념, 권력이 작용하는 구체적인 장소이다. 그래서 공간은 물리적 경계뿐만 아니라 이념적 경계를 가진 실체이다. 본 글에서는 공간이 사회적으로 구성됨을 확인하고, 그 공간에 대한 사적 소유와 공유의 의미, 한국공동체에서 공간의 공유를 살펴보고자 한다. 공간은 인간의 상호작용이 일어나는 곳이며, 생산 관계를 포함하는 곳이다. 공간은 또한 추상적이기 때문에 가치, 인간의 활동으로 구성된다. 이것이 바로 공간의 사회적 구성의 의미다. 인간은 생존을 위해 집단, 사회를 구성하게 되는데, 그 구체적인 장소가 곧 공간이다. 공간의 이용은 인간의 가치, 이념, 종교 등에 따라 달라진다. 사적 소유와 공유에 대한 인식의 차이는 곧 공간에 대한 인식의 차이로 나타나게 된다. 이윤과 교환가치를 절대적 가치로 생각하는 사적 소유의 자본주의에서 공간은 철저하게 파편화되고 개인화된다. 공간은 철저히 비용과 산출의 관점에서 고려된다. 그것은 현실의 불평등으로 나타나게 된다. 그러나 공동체는 집단 전체의 소유를 전제로 한다는 점에서 공간, 장소, 땅에 대한 이용, 소유방식에서 자본주의와 차별성을 가질 수밖에 없다. 공동체는 공유하고 나눈다는 의미에서 출발한다. 따라서 공간의 공유는 필연적이다. 일상의 공간 즉 식사, 주거에 있어서 그리고 생산공간을 공유한다. 따라서 공동식당, 공동 주거, 공동노동으로 공간이 형성되는 것은 필연적이다. 공동체는 형식과 내용에 따라 다양한 형태를 띠고 있다. 그러나 일상을 공유한다는 인식은 공간의 공유로 이어질 수밖에 없다. 공동체에 대한 사회학적 정의에 공간은 그래서 단순한 공간의 의미를 넘어서는 공유의 공간이다. 현대 사회에서 공동체는 가상공동체, 네트워크공동체 등의 새로운 형식의 공동체로 변모해가고 있다. 전통적 의미에서 공동체와는 다른, 공간에 대한 접근을 시도한다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 가상이든 네트워크든 간에 공간이 가지는 실체로서 공유의 공간이라는 점은 공유된다. 기존사회와는 다른 공동체는 공유라는 이념적 가치에서 공간을 구성한다. 공간은 그래서 모두의 공간이며, 공동체의 이념을 통해 공간을 구성한다. 개인의 소유가 정당하듯이 공동체적 소유도 역시 정당하다. 한국공동체는 공간의 공유를 통해 이념과 실제를 실현하고 있다. 이러한 이념과 공간의 공유는 실천을 통해 그리고 현실의 구체적인 삶에서 증명하는 하나의 움직임이며 운동이다.

A Case Study on a Complex Community Space to Activate a Local Community

임종훈 한국공간디자인학회 2022 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.17 No.8

(Background and Purpose) Due to rapid economic growth and industrialization, the urban environment is greatly affected. This is expressed as a lack of a sense of belonging, changes in social structure, reduced exchanges with local society, and absence of community activities. As a result, the concept of a communal society is gradually weakening and the quality of life centered on social relationships is declining. Therefore, in this study, the importance of the complex community center in the local society and the direction of the role of the public space are presented through the derivation of community activation elements and case analysis of the complex community space. (Method) In the theoretical review, it studies the concept and importance of the local community, local community activation elements based on literature research, analyzes the case of Sejong City, which is operated as a complex community center, and aims to suggest the direction of complex community space to activate the local community through the analysis results. (Results) First, the elements applicable to the complex community space for the physical environment type were derived as accessibility, functionality, and safety. Among the community activation elements, connectivity, openness, and connection have the same meaning as accessibility, scalability, complexity, variability, renewal, and eco-friendliness can be used as the same concept as functionality. Safety and security can be use as the same concept as safety. Second, the elements applicable to the complex community space for the psychological environment type were derived as comfort, aesthetic, and privacy. Among community activation elements, comfort and stability can be used as the same concept as comfort, Enjoyment, usefulness, friendliness, can be linked to aesthetic. Individuality, diversity, and autonomy can be approached in the same sense as privacy. Finally, the elements applicable to the complex community space for the social environment type were derived as publicity, local identity, sustainability, and social exchange. Of these, self-esteem, locality, and communality are in the same context as local identity, and flexibility, connectivity, and scalability can be used interchangeably with sustainability. (Conclusions) The complex community center in urban environment has main placeness to realize community of local society. It is a very useful public space to activate the community of the local society, and various community-related contents suitable for the unique characteristics of the region can be implemented, through which it will serve as a symbolic space for the region and at the same time contribute to improving the quality of life for members. This study has its significance in that it can be applied when planning a complex community space and used as space evaluation elements by analyzing community activation elements and public design elements to derive elements that can be applied to the complex community space.

취약계층의 공동체 활성화를 위한 일본 커뮤니티 공간의 특성 연구

이명아(Lee, Myung-A),전은정(Jeon, Eun-Jung),이연숙(Lee, Yeun-Sook) 한국실내디자인학회 2018 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.27 No.4

As various social problems are widespread, community space are becoming more important as a spatial tool for solving the community problems and activating the community. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of community space at areas with considerable proportion of vulnerable population in Japan. The research methods were literature research, field observation and interview. Based on the collected data, the characteristics of physical space, operation and program, and community properties were analyzed in detail. According to the results of the study, the community space in Japan was developing according to the characteristics of each region. It means that the community space has a different role in promoting the community depending on the characteristics of the area. The physical forms and services of community space were also becoming diverse and the number of cases of community space using the empty space of the community were increasing. It is important for the community space to support community properties of regionality, community spirit, and organic vitality in a balanced manner, and the role of local NPO is important for sustainability of community support. Based on the results of this study, It is expected to understand the role of changing community space and to be a starting point for discussions on the direction of community space.

1인 가구를 위한 공유 공간 커뮤니티 특성 연구 -베이징 연경리 공유 공간을 중심으로-

안국강 ( An Guoqiang ),홍창기 ( Hong Chang-kee ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2024 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.86 No.-

중국에서 독신 청년층이 증가하면서 ‘청년 1인 가구’ 중심으로 형성된 공유 공간 커뮤니티 형태가 새로운 주거 트렌드로 떠오르고 있다. 본 연구는 공유 공간의 커뮤니티 특성을 연구하여 중국 베이징 연경리 공유 공간의 사례분석을 통해 청년 1인 가구가 공유 공간에서 생활하면서 주거에 대한 만족도를 높일 수 있게 하는 동시에 공유 공간의 커뮤니티 분위기를 향상시키기 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 연구의 방법은 공유 공간과 커뮤니티의 특성요소를 파악하고 공유 공간 커뮤니티의 특성을 도출하였다. 그 다음 그린스마트 커뮤니티 시범사업의 중국 베이징 연경리 공유 공간을 분석대상으로 선정하여 분석한 결과를 토대로 연경리 공유 공간 커뮤니티의 생활에서의 부족한 점을 발견하고 개선방안을 모색하였다. 분석 결과 연경리는 공유 공간에 대한 기능적인 측면인 기능성과 영역성이 부족하며, 정서적인 측면인 친화성과 휴머니티성이 잘 나타나 있었다. 이는 현재 중국 공유 공간에서는 공간 친화력과 서비스를 지속적으로 향상시키는 데 초점을 맞추고 있기 때문에 공유 공간 커뮤니티의 기능적인 면인 기능성과 영역성에 대해서는 중요하게 여겨지지 않다. 따라서 공유 공간 기술과 서비스를 보장하면서 서로 다른 디자인 방식을 통해 공유 공간의 잠재적 커뮤니티 속성과 다변화적 기능을 탐색하고 공유 공간과 시설에 대한 세부적인 커뮤니티 분위기를 조성하여 공유 공간 커뮤니티의 기능성과 영역성을 구현할 수 있도록 해야 한다. 이러한 연구결과는 코로나19 이후 주거 패러다임의 변화로 공유 공간에서의 커뮤니티 분위기에 대한 수요가 많아진 상황에서 청년 1인 가구의 요구를 맞춰줄 수 있을 것이다. 또한 개발도상국의 공유 공간과 커뮤니티 생활에서의 개선을 위한 기초자료가 되어 공유 공간 커뮤니티 특성에 대한 연구에 참고가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Shared space communities centered on the model of young one-person families are becoming a new trend in living with the growing number of single youths in China. Taking the Yanjingli shared space in Beijing, China as an example, this study aims to analyze the community characteristics of the shared space, to improve the satisfaction of young one-person families living in the shared space, and to improve the community atmosphere of the shared space. The research methodology of this study is to firstly grasp the elements of shared space and community characteristics, and derive the characteristics of shared space community. Secondly, this study selected Yanjingli shared space in Beijing, China, which is a demonstration project of green smart community, as the object of analysis, and analyzed the characteristics of Yanjingli shared space community based on the analysis framework. Finally, based on the results of the analysis, deficiencies in the current Yanjingli shared space community life are identified and suggestions for improvement are made. The results of the analysis show that Yanjingli lacks functionality and domainality in terms of shared spaces, but is very friendly and humane in terms of emotions. This proves that Chinese shared spaces currently focus on continuously improving the intimacy and service of the space, and therefore do not pay much attention to the functional functionality and domainality of the shared space community, and this part must be improved. The improvement method is to explore the potential community attributes and diversified functions of shared spaces through different design approaches while safeguarding the technology and services of shared spaces, and to create a detailed community atmosphere of shared spaces and facilities to realize the functionality and domain of shared space communities. The results of such a study can meet the requirements of young one-person families in the era of new coronavirus due to the change of living patterns and the increased demand for community atmosphere in shared spaces. In addition, this study is expected to be a reference for studying the characteristics of shared space communities as a basic information for improving shared spaces and community life in developing countries.

커뮤니티 공간의 서비스스케이프가 장소애착 및 공동체의식에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 중국 청년 장기임대형 아파트 브랜드를 중심으로 -

장정,김경숙 한국공간디자인학회 2024 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.19 No.5

(연구 배경 및 목적) 최근 몇 년 동안 도시화의 가속화와 주택비용 증가의 영향으로 중국 청년 장기임대아파트는 편안한 주거 환경, 편리한 공유 공간, 완벽한 운영 모델로 젊은이들에게 큰 인기를 얻고 있다. 이러한 새로운 임대 모델에서 거주하는 아파트 거주자들이 장소에 소속감과 결속력을 갖기 위해서는 커뮤니티 공간을 통해 장소 애착을 형성하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 커뮤니티 공간은 기본적인 공간 환경과 기능적 시설을 제공하는 것 외에도, 더 나은 서비스 마케팅을 필요로 한다. 특히 전문적인 서비스 스케이프를 갖추는 것은 장소 애착 형성에 있어서 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 아파트 거주자의 생활의 질을 향상시키기 위해서는 커뮤니티 공간에서 커뮤니티 서비스 스케이프가 장소 애착 및 공동체의식에 미치는 영향 관계를 이해하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 청년 장기임대아파트 커뮤니티 공간의 서비스스케이프 구성 요인과 장소애착, 그리고 공동체의식의 관계를 종합적으로 분석하여 공동체 의식에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고 이를 통해 커뮤니티 공간 서비스 스케이프 디자인 방향을 제시하는 것이다. (연구방법) 2024년 '임대아파트 브랜드 평가'에 근거하여 중국 대표 청년 장기임대아파트 브랜드 Boyu(泊寓), Goyoo(冠寓), Lingyu(瓴寓), Mofang(魔方公寓), Youtha(有巢)의 아파트 커뮤니티 공간을 연구 대상으로, 20~35세 청년층 거주자를 설문 대상으로 조사를 진행하였다. 설문조사 결과는 SPSS 26.0과 AMOS 24.0을 통해 신뢰도 분석, 요인 분석, 상관 분석, 회귀 분석을 실시하여 커뮤니티 공간 서비스 스케이프 구성 요인이 장소 애착, 공동체의식에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. (결과) 커뮤니티 공간의 서비스 스케이프 요인인 공조 환경, 공간 디자인, 시설 배치, 관리 서비스, 인터랙션 분위기는 장소 애착에 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 그중 인터랙션 분위기가 장소 애착에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 장소 애착은 공동체의식에도 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 결과를 통해 커뮤니티 공간 서비스 스케이프 구성 요인이 장소 애착 및 공동체의식에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 가설을 검증하였다. (결론) 최종 결과 커뮤니티 공간은 거주자들의 경험적 요구와 시장 역학에 대응하기 위해서 기본적인 환경 조성과 물리적 시설을 제공하는 것 외에도, 더 나은 서비스 마케팅이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 서비스 스케이프의 개념을 도입하여 커뮤니티 공간 서비스 스케이프 구성 요인이 장소 애착과 공동체의식에 미치는 영향 관계에 큰 의미가 있음을 파악하였다. 또한 이러한 관계를 실증적으로 분석하여 커뮤니티 공간 서비스 스케이프 디자인 방향을 제시함으로써 향후 커뮤니티 공간의 실용성과 체험성을 높일 수 있을 것이라 사료된다 (Background and Purpose) In recent years, affected by factors such as accelerating urbanization and housing cost increases, Chinese youth long-term rental apartments have been well received by young people because of their comfortable living environment, abundant shared space, and perfect operating model. As a new rental model, it is important to form place attachment through community spaces in order for apartment residents to feel a sense of belonging and solidarity with their residence. In addition to providing basic spatial environments and functional facilities, community spaces require better service marketing, and having a professional servicescape is an important factor in forming place attachment. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of life of apartment residents by forming place attachment and cultivating community consciousness through community space and community activities in a community space service environment. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the relationship between servicescape factors, place attachment, and sense of community in youth long-term rental apartment community spaces to identify factors that affect sense of community and thus to propose the design direction of community space servicescape. (Method) According to the 2024 Long-term Rental Apartment Brand Ranking List, this paper took the apartment community space of representative youth long-term rental apartment brands in China Boyu, Goyoo, Lingyu, Mofang, and Youtha as research objects and carried out a questionnaire among young residents aged 20 to 35 years. In order to analyze the influence of the components of the community space servicescape on place attachment and sense of community, SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used to analyze the survey results, including reliability analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. (Results) The servicescape factors in community space, namely ambient condition, space design, facility layout, management service, and interaction atmosphere, all have a positive impact on place attachment, among which the interaction atmosphere has the greatest impact. In addition, place attachment also has a positive impact on the sense of community. These results validate the hypothesis that the factors of the community space servicescape have a positive impact on place attachment and sense of community. (Conclusions) According to the final result, in addition to providing the basic environmental and physical facilities, community space needs better service marketing to respond to residents' experiential needs and market dynamics. Therefore, the study introduced the concept of servicescape and found that the factors of servicescape in community were of great significance to the relationship between place attachment and sense of community. Meanwhile, by analyzing this relationship empirically, it puts forward the servicescape design direction in community space, helping to improve its practicability and experience in the future.

들뢰즈 철학을 바탕으로 한 '기관 없는 몸체'와 '매끈한 공간'개념의 커뮤니티 공공 공간의 '경계' 특성에 관한 연구

류솨이,윤성호 한국공간디자인학회 2024 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.19 No.4

(연구배경 및 목적) 21세기 중반에 접어들면서 국가의 종합적인 국력이 향상되고 생활수준의 향상에 대한 요구가 높아짐에 따라, 도시지역사회의 공공서비스에 대한 사람들의 요구도 날로 높아지고 있다. 그러나 개인화 사회, 딩크족 수 증가에 따른 출산율 급락과 인구 감소에 따른 인적 교류 감소로 인한 사회적 고립감 등 심리적 문제도 덩달아 심각해지고 있다. 본 연구는 지역사회 공공 공간에서 들뢰즈 철학의‘기관 없는 몸체’와‘매끈한 공간’의 개념에 부합하는 구체적인 공간적 특징과 요소를 결합하여 최종적으로 사례분석을 통해 이들 공간에 존재하는 공통점을 정리하였다. (연구방법) 본 연구에서는 먼저 들뢰즈 철학에서 ‘기관 없는 몸체’와‘매끈한 공간’개념의 서적 및 문헌분석을 시작으로 커뮤니티 공공 공간 관련 논문 분석을 통해 커뮤니티 공공 공간의 유형 및 특성을 도출하였으며, 두 이론을 커뮤니티 공공 공간 설계의 기초로 커뮤니티 공공 공간과 위의 두 개념의 상호관계모형을 제시하고, 이를 분석하여 현대인의 요구에 부합하는 커뮤니티 공공 공간의 구성요소를 추가로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 구성요소와 이론적 개념을 결합하여 구체적인 사례를 종합적으로 분석한다. (결과) 들뢰즈의 철학 이론에서 출발하여 커뮤니티 공공 공간과‘기관 없는 몸체’와‘매끈한 공간’의 개념을 연구하고 커뮤니티 공공 공간의 10가지 특성을 제안한다. 위의 이론을 종합적으로 분석하여‘기관 없는 몸체’와‘매끈한 공간’이라는 개념하에 커뮤니티 공공 공간의 5가지 공간 구성 요소를 제시하였다. 마지막으로‘제4공간’에서‘경계’특성과 표현 특성을 구체적인 사례와 앞서 제시한 사례를 결합하여 도출하였다. (결론) 지역사회 공공 공간은‘기관 없는 몸체’와‘매끈한 공간’이라는 개념과의 상호작용으로 더 많은 공간적 가능성을 만들어냈으며, 향후 지역사회 공공 공간이 발전하는 방향을 철학적, 현실적인 관점에서 고민하였다. 본 연구는 공동체 공공 공간에서 ‘매끈한 공간’개념에 대한 사고를 통해 공동체 공공 공간이 인간관계 발전을 위한 핵심공간인 '제4의 공간'임을 확인하고,‘기관 없는 몸체’개념을 통해 인간의 체험성을 강조하는 것이 진정으로 인간 간 거리를 좁히는 효과적인 방법임을 강조한다. 이러한 공간적/심리적 2단계에서의 연구는 미래의 지역사회 공공 공간에서 체험을 중심으로 하는 공간개념의 기초가 될 수 있을 것이다. (Background and Purpose) In the mid-20th century, the comprehensive national strength of the country is gradually improving, and people are increasingly demanding improvements in their living standards. Moreover, people's demands for urban community public services are acquiring significance. However, as this is a personalized society, there has been a sharp decline in fertility rates due to the increase in the number of DINK (dual income, no kids) families. Furthermore, increasingly severe psychological issues, such as social isolation due to the decrease in interpersonal communication because of population decline, are on the rise. This study attempts to adopt the concepts of "Body Without Organs" and "Smooth space" in Deleuze's philosophy, combined with specific spatial characteristics and elements in community public spaces that conform to Deleuze's philosophy, and summarizes the commonalities in these spaces through case analysis. (Method) First, this study conducts a book and literature analysis regarding the concepts of "Body Without Organs" and "Smooth space" in Deleuze's philosophy. Next, by analyzing relevant studies on community public spaces, the types and characteristics of community public spaces are identified. The two theories serve as the basis for community public space design, and a relationship model between community public spaces and the above two concepts is proposed. Based on the analysis of the relationship model, the constituent elements of community public spaces that meet the demands of a modern society are proposed. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of specific cases is conducted based on the constituent elements and theoretical concepts. (Results) Beginning with Deleuze's philosophical theory, this study analyzes community public spaces and the concepts of "Body Without Organs" and "Smooth space." A total of 10 characteristics of community public spaces are proposed. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the above theories, five spatial elements of community public spaces are presented under the guidance of the concepts of "Body Without Organs" and "Smooth space." Finally, by combining specific cases and previous findings, the characteristics of boundaries and their manifestation in the "Fourth space" are identified. (Conclusions) The interaction among community public spaces and the concepts of "Body Without Organs" and "Smooth space" has created greater spatial possibilities. The future development direction of community public spaces has been considered from philosophical as well as practical perspectives. This study emphasizes that in community public spaces, the concept of "Smooth space" has been considered to determine that community public spaces are key to promoting human relationship development—the "Fourth space," and emphasizing human experience through the concept of "Body Without Organs" is an effective method to bring people closer. This research, which commences from the spatial/psychological level, could serve as the foundation for the experiential spatial concept in future community public spaces.

푸코의 바깥의 공간과 헤테로토피아 공동체

연효숙 한국철학사상연구회 2022 시대와 철학 Vol.33 No.2

This essay, first of all, researches how the concepts of space appear in Foucault as the thinker of space in his early crucial works, and how the concepts of space appear instead of the history and time in modern. The topological revolution of space as the revolution from history and time to place and space is made, and then the multiple and heterogeneous plural space appears in Foucault. Secondly, this essay will prove that early articles of Foucault provide the essential germ for the revolution of space. Especially his space of heterotopia is interpreted as contra-space, space of revlolution of reality in contrast to utopia. Because the space of heterotopia has a possibility of new community being different from utopia which appears as historical project in modern. Thirdly, for the possibility of new community, this essay pays attention the space of outside through the thought of outside, the experience of outside. The outside being different from exterior in contrast to interior is totally strange and unusual, and is interpreted as a space of outside which can confront in the point of dissolving of the modern subject. The space of outside becomes a crucial trait with the contra-space, the revolution of space in reality, and becomes important connection with community. Fourth, this essay asks finally how the community of heterotopia is possible, with the space of outside which shows the contra-arrangement every day. The discussion of community between Blanchot and Nancy is referred to argument of Foucault that the theme of community is a constant contemporary. In order to set a new identity of heterotopia, this essay studies a possibility of ethical community transcending an emotional aesthetic community. 이 글에서는 첫째, 공간의 사상가로서의 푸코에게서 공간 개념이 어떻게 나타나고 있는지를 살피고자 한다. 우선 푸코 전기의 주요 저작들에서, 공간 개념들이 근대의 역사, 시간의 자리를 대신해서 등장하는 맥락을 살핀다. 역사, 시간에서 장소, 공간으로의 전회인 공간의 위상학적 전회가 이뤄지면서 푸코에게서 다형적이고 이질적인 복수의 공간이 나타난다. 둘째, 이러한 공간으로의 전회에 푸코의 초기 논문들이 주요 맹아를 제공함을 보일 것이다. 특히 그의 ‘헤테로토피아’ 공간은 유토피아에 대비되어, 반공간, 현실 전복의 공간으로 해석된다. 헤테로토피아 공간이 근대 역사 중심적인 구상에서 나타난 유토피아와 전혀 다른 새로운 공동체의 가능성을 지니고 있기 때문이다. 셋째, 새로운 공동체의 가능성 모색에 바깥의 사유, 바깥의 경험을 통해 접근 가능한 ‘바깥의 공간’에 주목할 것이다. 내부와 대비되는 외부와는 다른 바깥은 우리에게 전혀 낯설고 이질적이며, 근대적 주체가 해체되는 지점에서 만날 수 있는 바깥의 공간으로 해석된다. 이 바깥의 공간은 반공간, 현실 전복의 공간에 이은 헤테로토피아의 주된 특성이 되어 새로운 공동체의 주요한 연결고리가 된다. 넷째, 일상의 배치에서 반배치의 양상을 보여주는 바깥의 공간을 헤테로토피아와 연관지으면서, ‘헤테로토피아 공동체는 어떻게 가능한가’라는 질문을 최종적으로 묻는다. 공동체의 문제를 항상 현대 사회에서 상수로 질문하는 푸코의 논의에 블랑쇼와 낭시의 공동체 논쟁을 참조한다. 새로운 헤테로토피아의 정체성을 모색하면서, 감성적이고 미학적인 공동체를 넘어서서 윤리적 공동체의 가능성을 푸코에게서 살핀다.

지역 공동체 활성화를 위한 사회적 인프라로서의 커뮤니티 공간 시설 복합화 유형에 관한 연구

이지미 ( Lee Jimi ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.3

(Background and Purpose) Community spaces for local community members can be classified as a social infrastructure that revitalizes the community. In addition, mixed-use facilities have become a general trend as an efficient alternative to meet the diverse needs of local residents, high land costs, and the cost problems accompanying the creation of a space. The mixed-use community spaces are also a feature that reflects the current situation facing modern architecture; it is inevitable to accept various programs through architecture beyond restricted land use and the need for cost efficiency to realize diverse needs of the local community members and to establish a local identity. Under this social background, this study attempted to examine the meaning through case studies by deriving the characteristics of space utilization to revitalize the local community and by categorizing the mixed-use facility aspect of local community spaces. (Method) It derived the utilization characteristics of local community spaces through previous studies and examined the actual situation of mixed-use facility aspects of local community spaces through case analysis. (Results) The community spaces for local residents are essential for maintaining and revitalizing the local community; they share the characteristics with public spaces. Based on this, six characteristics, such as locality, singularity, accessibility, commonality, diversity, and safety, were derived for the case analysis of community spaces to revitalize the local community. The local community spaces could be categorized into three types: centered on public administrative agencies, centered on school facilities, and centered on cultural amenities by the main function of individual community spaces based on regional characteristics. As a result of the case analysis, it was found that the main function of the space was selected based on the needs of the local residents to revitalize the local community, and the community spaces were built focusing on the selected specific function. The tangible benefits of mixed-use community spaces have been shown in various forms for the revitalization of the local community, from solving chronic complaints within the local community to working on harmony by operating various programs for local residents. (Conclusions) Through this study, it was confirmed that such spaces could contribute to revitalizing the local community, which was the original purpose of creating a community space when a complexity type suitable for each region was selected. Space was created according to the type for creating the community space to establish the local identity and revitalize the community. In particular, considering that the mixed-use aspect of community spaces has emerged prominently in the last 10 years, and the government policy promotes building various types of community spaces through mixed-use facilities, a further in-depth study on the mixed-use type of community spaces may be needed.

장소적 측면에서의 유휴공간을 활용한 마을커뮤니티공간 연구 - 광주광역시 동구 마을사랑채를 중심으로 -

김의화(Kim, Eui-Hwa),문정민(Moon, Jeong-Min) 한국주거학회 2023 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.35 No.1

It was recognized as the epicenter of social problems due to the rapid expansion of the city and the increase in idle space. However, recently, through public intervention, it has been recognized as a usable resource and various utilization plans are being suggested. Gwangju Metropolitan City has been actively promoting village community space creation projects by utilizing idle spaces in public and private facilities. In particular, the idle space in the village has local value as a place where residents have experiences and memories of space. In addition, a space with a sense of place gives meaning to space as well as a physical space function, and has a sense of place as a place differentiated from other spaces. Therefore, this study aims to revitalize the space and promote the community through continuous community by studying the village community space using the idle space in terms of location. Through previous research, the current status of village community space using idle space is analyzed through case analysis according to the characteristics of village community space and placeness using idle space. The village community space using the idle space was created only for physical functions and appeared to lack placeness. Villages have social, historical and cultural characteristics, and it is necessary to consider them and implement a place that reflects the characteristics of users. In addition, the village community space using the idle space should be an open space with connectivity between the outside and the inside. It is necessary to provide an opportunity to give meaning to the space through the activities of various subjects by realizing an open space. Therefore, an empirical and expanded study of village community space using idle space in terms of location can be conducted in the future.