Cognitive Functions and Subjective Hearing in Cochlear Implant Users

Zhang Fawen,McGuire Kelli,Skeeters Madeline,Barbara Matthew,Chang Pamara F.,Zhang Nanhua,Xiang Jing,Huang Bin 대한청각학회 2024 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.28 No.3

Background and Objectives: A cochlear implant (CI) is an effective prosthetic device used to treat severe-to-profound hearing loss. The present study examined cognitive function in CI users by employing a web-based cognitive testing platform, i.e., BrainCheck, and explored the correlation between cognitive function and subjective evaluation of hearing. Subjects and Methods: Forty-two CI users (mean age: 58.90 years) were surveyed in the subjective evaluation of hearing, and 20/42 participated in the BrainCheck cognitive tests (immediate recognition, Trail Making A, Trail Making B, Stroop, digit symbol substitution, and delayed recognition). As controls for cognitive function, young normal-hearing (YNH, mean age=23.83 years) and older normal-hearing (ONH, mean age=52.67 years) listener groups were subjected to Brain-Check testing. Results: CI users exhibited poorer cognitive function than the normal hearing groups in all tasks except for immediate and delayed recognition. The highest percentage of CI users who had “possible” and “likely” cognitive impairment, based on BrainCheck scores (ranging from 0-200), was observed in tests assessing executive function. The composite cognitive score across domains tended to be related to subjective hearing (<i>p</i>=0.07). Conclusions: The findings of the current study suggest that CI users had a higher likelihood of cognitive impairment in the executive function domain than in lower-level domains. BrianCheck online cognitive testing affords a convenient and effective tool to self-evaluate cognitive function in CI users. ackground and Objectives: A cochlear implant (CI) is an effective prosthetic device used to treat severe-to-profound hearing loss. The present study examined cognitive function in CI users by employing a web-based cognitive testing platform, i.e., BrainCheck, and explored the correlation between cognitive function and subjective evaluation of hearing. Subjects and Methods: Forty-two CI users (mean age: 58.90 years) were surveyed in the subjective evaluation of hearing, and 20/42 participated in the BrainCheck cognitive tests (immediate recognition, Trail Making A, Trail Making B, Stroop, digit symbol substitution, and delayed recognition). As controls for cognitive function, young normal-hearing (YNH, mean age=23.83 years) and older normal-hearing (ONH, mean age=52.67 years) listener groups were subjected to Brain-Check testing. Results: CI users exhibited poorer cognitive function than the normal hearing groups in all tasks except for immediate and delayed recognition. The highest percentage of CI users who had “possible” and “likely” cognitive impairment, based on BrainCheck scores (ranging from 0-200), was observed in tests assessing executive function. The composite cognitive score across domains tended to be related to subjective hearing (<i>p</i>=0.07). Conclusions: The findings of the current study suggest that CI users had a higher likelihood of cognitive impairment in the executive function domain than in lower-level domains. BrianCheck online cognitive testing affords a convenient and effective tool to self-evaluate cognitive function in CI users.

노인의 후각기능, 인지기능, 우울 및 일상생활수행능력 간의 관계

윤현진,차혜경,이희주 한국웰니스학회 2022 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.17 No.3

This study is a research study to investigate the correlation between olfactory function, cognitive function, depression, and activities of daily living in the elderly in Korea. The subjects were 140 elderly people in C city. The average age was 75.69±8.92 years, and there were no significant differences in cognitive function, olfactory function, depression, and activities of daily living according to gender. However, there were significant differences in cognitive function, olfactory function, depression, and activities of daily living according to age, education, alcohol consumption or not (p<.001), Cognitive function and olfactory function(r=.769, p<.001), cognitive function and depression(r=-.374, p<.001), Cognitive function and restrictions on activities of daily living(r=-.806, p< .001), olfactory perception and restrictions on activities of daily living(r=-.506, p<.001) were significantly correlated. Therefore, the olfactory function of the elderly was found to have a positive correlation with cognitive function. On the other hand, it was analyzed that there was a negative correlation between cognitive function and depression, cognitive function and restriction on activities of daily living, olfactory perception and restriction on activities of daily living. Based on the results of this study, I would like to suggest as following. First, It is necessary to repeat the correlation study by expanding the number of study subjects. Second, the necessity of developing a program to improve the olfactory function is suggested to improve cognitive function, reduce depression, and improve activities of daily living of the elderly. In addition, it is necessary to generalize a screening program that regularly evaluates cognitive and olfactory functions in the elderly. Third, since the olfactory test method of the olfactory test tool (CC-SIT) was difficult for the elderly, it is necessary to develop a Korean-style olfactory tool that can test with the smell and method familiar to the elderly. 본 연구는 노인의 후각기능과 인지기능, 우울 및 일상생활수행능력 간의 상관성을 알아보기 위한 조사연구이다. 대상은 C 지역의 노인 140명이다. 평균연령은 75.69±8.92세였으며, 성별에 따른 인지기능, 후각기능, 우울, 일상생활수행능력은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 연령, 교육, 음주 유무에 따른 인지기능, 후각기능, 우울, 일상생활수행능력 등에서 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<.001), 인지기능과 후각기능(r=.769, p<.001), 인지기능과 우울 (r=-.374, p<.001), 인지기능과 일상생활수행능력의 제한 (r=-.806, p<.001), 후각인지와 일상생활능력의 제한 (r=-.506, p<.001)은 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 따라서 노인의 후각기능은 인지기능과 정의 상관성이 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 반면, 인지기능과 우울, 인지기능과 일상생활수행능력의 제한, 후각인지와 일상생활수행능력의 제한과는 음의 상관성이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 다음과 같이 제언하고자 한다. 첫째, 연구 대상자 수를 확대하여 상관성 연구의 반복 연구가 필요하다. 둘째, 노인의 인지기능 향상 및 우울 감소, 일상생활수행능력 향상을 위해 후각기능 향상을 위한 프로그램개발을 제언한다. 아울러 노인에게서 인지기능과 후각기능을 정기적으로 평가하는 검진 프로그램의 일반화가 필요하다. 셋째, 후각 검사 도구(CC-SIT)의 후각 검사 방법이 노인이 시행하기 어려웠으므로, 노인에게 익숙한 냄새 및 방법으로 검사할 수 있는 한국형 후각 도구 개발이 필요하다.

Does a cognitive-exercise combined dual-task training have better clinical outcomes for the elderly people with mild cognitive impairment than a single-task training?

박진혁 대한신경계작업치료학회 2017 재활치료과학 Vol.6 No.2

Objective: This study was to develop and verify the effects of the exercise-cognitive combined dual-task training program on cognitive function and depression of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Methods: The subjects were randomly assigned to the exercise-cognitive combined dual-task training group(n=32) or single-task training group(n=31). To identify the effects on cognitive function, general cognitive function, frontal lobe function, and attention/working memory were measured. Depression was evaluated using Korean version of Geriatric Depression Scale. The outcome measurements were performed before and after the 8 weeks of intervention(2 days per week). Results: After 8 weeks, general cognitive function, frontal cognitive function, attention/working memory function, depression of the dual-task training group were significantly increased than those of the single-task training group(p<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that an exercise-cognitive combined dual-task training for MCI was effective in improving general cognitive function, frontal /executive function, attention/working memory function and reducing depression.

고령여성의 인지기능 차이가 낙상관련 위험요인에 미치는 영향

이소은(Lee, So-Eun) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.6

The purpose of this study was to examine relationship between cognitive function and fall related risk factors according to cognitive function in elderly women. The subjects were 40 elderly, aged over 65. They were divided into two groups: mild cognitive impairment(n=20) and normal(n=20). The analysis of data revealed the following findings. Mild cognitive impairment group had significantly lower cognitive function in comparison to normal group. Balance function, average walking speed, average step cycle, average step length, ambulation index result and bone mineral density of fall related risk factors showed significant according to cognitive function. Fall related risk factors were significantly lower MCI group than normal group. Balance function were significantly lower MCI group than normal group. Walking function were slower MCI group than normal group. BMD was significantly lower MCI group than normal group. Balance function score showed significant negative correlation with cognitive function. AWS, ASC, ASL, AIR of walking function and BMD showed significant correlation with cognitive function. In conclusion, elderly with cognitive dysfunction had higher risk of fall and elderly with osteoporosis had higher risk of dementia. We found a significant relationship between cognitive dysfunction and fall related risk factors. There are needs for prospective study about the possible development of dementia for prevention of osteoporosis and fall related risk factors. Therefore, we should strive to develop the exercise program for prevention of dementia would improve quality of life in elderly.

노인 인지기능 향상 프로그램이 재가거주 노인의 인지기능, 신체기능, 정서기능에 미치는 효과

박영선,주경복,유병선,정진택 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2018 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.8 No.12

This study is one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental research to testify the effects of cognitive function enhancement program for elderly residents on cognitive function, physical function and emotional function. The Participants of the program are 27 elderly aged 65 or older who received the cognitive enhancement program at 4 Kyungrodang in N city from June 1 st , 2017 to December 31 th , 2017. The program provided a total of 8-10 sessions, once every two weeks. Outcomes variables included cognitive function(MMSE-DS), physical function(K-ADL, K-IADL), emotional function(SGDS-K). As the result of the study, MMSE-DS(t=-0.80 p=.434), ADL(t=1.09 p=.285), SGDS(t=0.27 p=.790)were not statistically significant, however slightly improved on average before and after the program. IADL was statistically significant improvement of physical function(t=21.05, p<.001). Therefore, the elderly cognitive function enhancement program was effective in improving the cognitive function of the elderly. And provided the resources needed to develop an intervention program for elderly and the persons with dementia. But it is suggest that the cognitive function improvement programs for the elderly should be improved and developed and perform further study with more participants for its generalization. 본 연구는 노인 인지기능 향상 프로그램이 노인의 인지기능, 신체기능, 정서기능에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 단일집단 사전사후 원시실험연구이다. 대상자는 2017년 6월 1일부터 2017년 12월 31일 까지 N시 5개 경로당에서 인지기능 향상 프로그램을 제공받은 65세이상 노인 27명이다. 프로그램은 2주일에 1회, 총 8-10회기를 제공하였다. 대상자의 효과평가로는 인지기능(MMSE-DS), 신체기능 (K-ADL, K-IADL), 정서기능(SGDS_K)을 평가하였다. 연구결과 노인 인지기능 향상 프로그램은 노인의 MMSE-DS(t=-0.80 p=.434), ADL(t=1.09 p=.285), SGDS(t=0.27 p=.790)는 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았으나 프로그램 전과 후, 평균점수에서 근소하게 향상됨이 나타났다. IADL은 통계적으로 유의하게 나타나 신체기능의 향상됨이 나타났다(t=21.05, p<.001). 따라서 본 연구에서 진행한 노인 인지기능 향상 프로그램은 노인의 기능향상에 효과적임을 나타냈다. 그리고 노인 및 치매노인 중재프로그램을 개발하는데 필요한 자료를 제공하였다. 그러나 노인 인지기능 향상 프로그램의 보완 및 개발과, 일반화할 수 있도록 대상자의 수를 확보하여 연구해야 함을 제안하는 바이다.

실버인지건강프로그램이 노인의 인지기능 향상에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

김능연,장아령,정현종 한국노년학회 2019 한국노년학 Vol.39 No.4

As becoming an aging society, there is a rising interest on dementia. But Dementia prevention program, executed at the national level, is in insufficient state. In this study, to design and diffuse Dementia prevention program, this study conduct Cognition improvement program and evaluate cognitive function in aspects of Discrimination, Organization, Thinking, Memorizing, and Concentration capacity. So that this study try to investigate how this Cognition improvement program will affect in detail to cognitive function in senior people. This study designed Silver Cognition program for 5 aspects of cognitive function; Discrimination, Organization, Thinking, and Concentration capacity. And this studyrecruited experimental group with control group, and conducted the program to them for 3 months. At the start and the end of the program, this study evaluated their MMSE-DS score, Geriatric depression scale, Quality of life score, and cognitive function test score by survey. Finally, this study compared and analyzed these first and second score to find the effects of this program to cognitive function. As the results compared between first and second score of MMSE-DS test, Geriatric depression scale, Quality of life scale, and cognitive function test, Silver Cognition program has a significant effects to improve cognitive function, MMSE-DS score and Geriatric depression scale. As the results of the test on cognitive function in 5 aspects, cognitive function is more improved in the order of Memorizing, Thinking, Concentration, Discrimination, and Organization capacity. After the Silver Cognition program, Memorizing and Thinking capacity have most improvement. But aging of brain function is faster in these two capacity, so if more concentrated education is conducted for these two capacity, then it will bring better effects for prevention of dementia. 현 고령화 사회로 치매에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 하지만 치매예방에 대한 국가 차원의 프로그램이 미흡한 실정이다. 치매 예방 프로그램과 보급을 위해, 인지 기능 향상 프로그램을 실시하고 인지 기능 변별력, 구성력, 사고력, 기억력, 집중력으로 나누어 평가하여, 이러한 프로그램이 노인의 인지 기능에 구체적으로 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 실버인지 건강 프로그램을 편성하고, 실험 군과 대조군을 모집해 3개월 동안 프로그램을 실시하고 실험 군과 대조군을 대상으로 MMSE-DS, 노인 우울척도, 인지영역테스트 실시하여 설문조사 방법을 통해 전후를 비교, 분석한다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 프로그램 진행 전과 후의 인지 기능, MMSE-DS, 노인 우울척도를 비교한 결과 인지건강프로그램이 인지기능, MMSE-DS 및 노인우울척 도 개선에 유의한 효과가 있었다. 2. 인지 기능을 5개 영역으로 나누어 테스트한 결과 기억력, 사고력, 집중력, 변별력, 구성력 순으로 향상되었다. 3. 인지건강 프로그램 실시 후 기억력과 사고력이 가장 많은 변화를 보였는데 뇌의 노화가 기억력과 사고력 부분에 많이 일어나므로, 이에 대한 집중적인 교육이 더 좋은 효과를 가져 올 수 있다

자연과학편 : 강도별 유산소운동이 중년여성의 레닌-알도스테론, 신경전달물질 및 인지기능, 작업기억의 변화에 관한 연구

조원제(WonJeCho) 한국체육학회 2016 한국체육학회지 Vol.55 No.2

본 연구는 건강한 중년여성 28명을 대상으로 강도별 유산소운동을 12주간 주 3회로 실시하여 혈압, 레닌-알도스테론계, 신경전달물질 및 인지기능, 작업기억의 변화와 처치 후 인지기능에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고자 실시하였다. 모집된 대상자를 통제집단 9명, 중강도 유산소운동집단 10명(50%V02max), 고강도 유산소운동집단 9명(70%V02max)으로 구분하여 처치 전과 후반복측정 분산분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결과가 나타났다. 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌, BDNF, 인지기능과 작업기억을 증가시키고, 알도스테론, 안지오텐신Ⅱ, 알도스테론-레닌 비율을 감소시켰다. 고강도 유산소운동은 BDNF, 인지기능, 작업기억을 증가시키고 수축기혈압을 감소시켰다. 또한 강도별 유산소운동 후 인지기능에 미치는 요인을 회귀분석한 결과 중강도 유산소운동은 이완기혈압, 레닌-알도스테론 비율의 감소와 작업기억, BDNF의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤고, 고강도 유산소운동은 작업기억 BDNF, 세로토닌의 증가가 인지기능에 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서 중강도 이상의 유산소운동은 중년여성의 인지기능 및 작업기억을 향상시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 인지기능 향상에 영향을 미치는 대사적 요인으로 중강도 유산소운동은 레닌-알도스테론 조절과 작업기억이었고 고강도 유산소운동은 신경전달물질과 작업기억으로 나타났다. This study was conducted by performing intensities aerobic exercise for 12 weeks, three times a week targeting 28 middle aged women. The purpose of this study was analyzing factors which affect cognitive function and changes of blood pressure, renin-aldosterone system, neurotransmitter, cognitive function and working memory after treatment. The participants were divided into three groups which are the control group(n=9, non exercise), moderate intensity aerobic exercise group(n=10, 50%V02max), high intensity aerobic exercise group(n=9, 70%V02max). The two-way ANOVA(repeated measure) and multiple regression analysis were carried out to target those three groups before and after treatment. The results were as follows like this. The moderate intensity aerobic exercise increased renin, brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF), cognitive function and working memory. Also, it reduced aldosterone, angiotensinⅡ and aldosterone-renin ratio. The high intensity aerobic exercise showed increase BDNF, cognitive function and working memory and decrease systolic. As a result of a multiple regression analysis of factors affecting cognitive function after intensities aerobic exercise, the moderate intensity aerobic exercise affected diastolic blood pressure, decrease of aldosterone-renin ratio and working memory. Also, an increase of BDNF affected cognitive function, the high intensity aerobic exercise affected working memory BDNF and an increase of serotonin affected cognitive function. Therefore, It could be seen that more than moderate intensity exercise increase woman``s cognitive function and working memory. Also, there were metabolic factors which affect the increase of cognitive function. To moderate intensity exercise, renin-aldosterone and working memory affected to increase of cognitive function. For high intensity exercise, BDNF and working memory affected to it.

노인의 인지기능에 대한 주관적 건강, 우울, 사회참여의 종단적 영향

안석,이은정 한국노인복지학회 2023 노인복지연구 Vol.78 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 노인의 주관적 건강, 우울, 사회참여가 노인의 인지기능에 미치는 영향을 통합적 관점에서 종단적으로 파악하는 데 있다. 이에 본 연구는 고령화패널의 5차부터 8차 조사에 참여한 2,596명의 자료를 분석하였다. 연구의 목적을 위하여 여러 변인의 관계를 동시적으로 고려하면서 종단적인 궤적을 살펴보는데 유용한 병렬잠재성장모형을 활용하였다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인의 주관적 건강의 경우 초기에 주관건강을 좋게 인식할수록 초기 인지기능이 높았으며 시간의 흐름에 따라주관적 건강이 빠르게 나빠질수록 인지기능이 빠르게 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 우울의 경우 초기에 우울 수준이 높을수록 인지기능이 낮았으며 종단적으로 우울이 가파르게 나빠질수록 인지기능의 저하 속도 역시 빠르게 나타났다. 마지막으로, 사회참여의 경우 초기에 사회참여 수준이 높을수록 초기 인지기능이 높고 시간의 흐름에 따른인지기능의 변화 속도가 느리게 나타났다. 또한, 사회참여가 빠르게 감소할수록 인지기능의 저하 속도가 빨랐다. 이는 노인들이 현재 건강을 관리하면서 지속적인 사회참여를유지하는 것이 인지기능의 저하를 늦추는 데 중요하다는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구는 노인의 인지기능에 영향을 미치는 여러 요인을 동시에 고려하여 종단적인 영향을 파악하였으며, 이에 기초하여 노인의 건강 증진과 사회참여 활성화를 위한 지역사회의 역할이중요함을 제언하였다. The aim of this study is to longitudinally assess the impact of self-rated health, depression, and social participation on the cognitive function of older adults, based on the integrative perspectives. The study sample of 2,596 older adults (65 and older) was drawn from the 5th the 8th wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA). The study employed a parallel latent growth model to explore longitudinal trajectories while considering relationships among key factors related to the cognitive function of older adults simultaneously. The study results revealed significant associations between key factors and cognitive function in later life. Firstly, concerning self-rated health in older adults, those who initially perceived their health positively exhibited higher initial cognitive function levels. However, over time, cognitive function declined more rapidly as self-rated health deteriorated. Secondly, regarding depression, higher initial levels of depression were associated with lower initial cognitive function levels, and as depression worsened over time, cognitive function declined at a faster rate. Lastly, with respect to social participation, higher initial levels of social participation were associated with higher initial cognitive function levels, and the rate of change in cognitive function over time was slower. Conversely, a rapid decline in social participation was associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline. These findings suggest that it is vital for older adults to manage their current health and maintain continuous social participation in slowing down the decline in cognitive function. This study provides empirical evidence by considering multiple factors simultaneously and highlights the significance of social participation even after accounting for self-rated health and depression. As a result, it suggests that community involvement is crucial for enhancing health and promoting social participation among older adults

노인의 일상생활활동에 영향을 미치는 인지기능의 조절효과 : 고령화연구패널(KLoSA) 조사 활용

조승현 국제차세대융합기술학회 2022 차세대융합기술학회논문지 Vol.6 No.9

65세 이상 노인은 기본적/수단적 일상생활활동, 인지기능이 저하되는 특징이 있다. 본 연구는 초고령 사 회에 발생할 것으로 예측되는 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안으로 노인의 일상생활활동, 인지기능 유지/증진을 제언하 고자 한다. 특히 인지기능이 일상생활활동에 미치는 조절효과를 검증하고자 한다. 65세 이상 노인 4,372명의 자료 를 제8차 고령화연구패널(KLoSA)로부터 수집하여, 빈도분석, 기술통계, 다중회귀분석, Process Macro(Model 1) 를 활용한 조절효과분석을 시행하였다. 노인의 39%는 경도의 인지기능 장애를 보였다. 기본적 일상생활활동은 6.4%, 수단적 일상생활활동은 16%가 어려움을 겪는 것으로 나타났다. 기본적/수단적 일상생활활동 함께 저하되는 특징이 있었고, 연령 및 인지기능과 관련 있었다. 기본적/수단적 일상생활활동에 미치는 인지기능의 조절효과는 유 의하였다. 인지기능이 0점에서 23.729점 사이일 때 인지기능이 나쁠수록 기본적 일상생활활동은 좋지 못하였다. 인 지기능이 0점에서 26.103점 사이일 때 인지기능이 나쁠수록 수단적 일상생활활동은 좋지 못하였다. 기본적 일상생 활활동이 영향을 받는 경우는 인지기능이 경도의 인지손상인 경우이며, 인지기능이 정상 범주에 있더라도 수단적 일상생활활동은 문제가 있을 가능성이 있다. The elderly are characterized by a decrease in basic/instrumental activities of daily living and cognitive functions. This study intends to suggest the maintenance and enhancement of activities of daily living and cognitive functions of the elderly as a way to solve the problems of the super-aged society. In addition, the purpose of this study is to verify the moderating effect of cognitive function on activities of daily living. Data from 4,372 elderly people were collected from the 8th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis, and moderation effect analysis using Process Macro (Model 1) were performed. 39% of the elderly showed mild cognitive impairment. It was found that 6.4% of basic daily living activities and 16% of instrumental daily living activities experienced difficulties. It was characterized by a decrease in both basic and instrumental activities of daily living and was related to age and cognitive function. The moderating effect of cognitive function on basic/instrumental activity of daily living was significant. When the cognitive function was between 0 and 23.729, the worse the cognitive function, the worse the basic activity of daily living. When the cognitive function was between 0 and 26.103, the worse the cognitive function, the worse the instrumental activity of daily living. When basic activity of daily living are affected, cognitive function is mild cognitive impairment. Even if cognitive function is in the normal range, there is a possibility that there may be problems with instrumental activity of daily living.

노년기 사회적 자원이 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향-개인적 자원의 매개 효과를 중심으로

정옥분,임정하,정순화,김경은 한국인간발달학회 2013 人間發達硏究 Vol.20 No.1

The aim of this study was to examine how social resources (i.e. economic status, social support) and personal resources (i.e. physical functioning, cognitive functioning) relate to successful aging in later life. A sample of 315 participants (aged 61 to 91 years, 62.5% of whom were female) was interviewed in metropolitan city of Seoul, Korea. Structural equation models were developed based on the authors' hypothesized model, which proposed that personal resources have a mediating effect in the relation between social resources and successful aging. Data were found to provide a satisfactory fit for the hypothesized model. Economic status was found to have a direct effect on physical functioning but no direct effect on cognitive functioning and successful aging. Social support was linked to successful aging directly and indirectly through cognitive functioning but was not directly associated with physical functioning. Cognitive functioning was a key predictor and mediating variable of the relationship between physical functioning and successful aging. In the exploratory analysis, there were important differences in specific pathways from social resources to cognitive functioning according to gender, although there were similarities in pathways to successful aging for older men and women. That is, cognitive functioning was predicted by economic status and physical functioning for older men, while it was predicted by social support and physical functioning for older women. These findings offer the opportunity for greater understanding of the mediating role of cognitive functioning in successful aging and the different contribution of social resources to cognitive functioning for older men and women.