유기염소계 난분해성 산업폐수의 처리를 위한 미생물제제의 개발

이현돈(Hyun Don Lee),임성원(Seong Won Im),서현효(Hyun-Hyo Suh) 한국생명과학회 2014 생명과학회지 Vol.24 No.8

유기염소계 난분해성 산업폐수처리에 효과적인 미생물제제 개발을 위하여 PCP (pentachlorophenol)와 TCE (trichloroethylene) 등과 같은 유기계 염소화합물이 오염되어있는 토양 및 산업폐수로부터 PCP 분해활성이 높은 GP5, GP19와 TCE 분해활성이 높은 GA6, GA15를 분리하였다. 이들 분리균주 GP5, GP19, GA6, GA15등은 Acetobactor sp., Pseudomonas sp., Arthrobacer sp., Xanthomonas sp.과 유사한 것으로 나타나 최종적으로 Acetobacter sp. GP5, Pseudomonas sp. GP19, Arthrobacer sp. GA6, Xanthomoas sp. GA15로 명명하였다. 유기염소계 산업폐수의 처리를 위한 복합미생물제제 OC17은 PCP와 TCE를 분해하는 4개의 분리 분리균주와 방향족화합물 분해균주인 Acinetobacter sp. KN11, Neisseria sp. GN13의 배양액을 혼합하여 제조하였다. 복합미생물제제 OC17은 2.8×10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU/g의 균체수를 갖고 있으며, 밀도는 0.299 g/㎤, 수분함량은 26.8%를 나타내었다. 복합미생물 제제 OC17은 PCP 500 mg/l가 포함되어있는 인공폐수를 이용한 실험에서 배양 65시간에 87%의 분해효율을 나타내었고, TCE (300 uM)의 분해효율은 배양 50시간에 90%의 분해효율을 나타내었다. 복합미생물제제 OC17을 이용한 유기 염소계 산업폐수의 처리효율 시험을 위한 연속배양 실험 에서 10일간 처리 하였을 때 91%의 COD 제거효율을 나타내었다. The screening of the microorganisms degrading chlorinated organic compounds such as PCP (pentachlorophenol) and TCE (trichloroethylene) was conducted with soil and industrial wastewater contaminated with various chlorinated organic compounds. Isolates (GP5, GP19) capable of degrading PCP and isolates (GA6, GA15) capable of degrading TCE were identified as Acetobactor sp., Pseudomonas sp., Arthrobacer sp., Xanthomonas sp. and named Acetobacter sp. GP5, Pseudomonas sp. GP19, Arthrobacer sp. GA6 and Xanthomoas sp. GA15, respectively. The microbial augmentation, OC17 formulated with the mixture of bacteria including isolates (4 strains) degrading chlorinated organic compounds and isolates (Acinetobacter sp. KN11, Neisseria sp. GN13) degrading aromatic hydrocarbons. Characteristics of microbial augmentation OC-17 showed cell mass of 2.8×10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU/g, bulk density of 0.299 g/㎤ and water content of 26.8%. In the experiment with an artificial wastewater containing PCP (500 mg/l), degradation efficiency of the microbial augmentation OC17 was 87% during incubation of 65 hours. The degradation efficiency of TCE (300 uM) by microbial augmentation OC17 was 90% during incubation of 50 hours. In a continuous culture experiment, analysis of the biodegradation of organic compounds by microbial augmentation OC17 in industry wastewater containing chlorinated hydrocarbons showed that the removal rate of COD was 91% during incubation of 10 days. These results indicate that it is possible to apply the microbial augmentation OC17 to industrial wastewaters containing chlorinated organic compounds.

염소처리와 분말활성탄 흡착에 의한 미량오염물질 제거특성 비교

김영진 ( Young Jin Kim ),현길수 ( Kil Soo Hyun ) 한국수처리학회 2016 한국수처리학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of chlorination and powered activated carbon (PAC) on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal in the river water using as a drinking water source. Batch and column tests were carried out with artificial water. Chlorine dose was set to 2, 5, 10, and 15mg/L at contact time of 1h and PAC dose was set to 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10mg/L at contact time of 30min. As a result, chlorination achieved the highest removal for 11-dechloroethylene in raw water with low concentration corresponding to the river water quality and for carbon tetrachloride in the water with high concentration corresponding to about 10 times higher than that of the river water. On the other hand, PAC adsorption achieved the highest removal for xylene regardless of VOCs concentration in the raw water. Thus chlorination was ineffective in reducing VOCs while the removal efficiency of PAC adsorption was about 2 times higher than that of chlorination.

Current progress in remediation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds: A review

Chunhao Dai,Yaoyu Zhou,Hui Peng,Shaojian Huang,Pufeng Qin,Jiachao Zhang,Yuan Yang,Lin Luo,Xiaoshan Zhang 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.62 No.-

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (Cl-VOCs) contamination has been recognized as one of the major problem in worldwide due to natural and anthropogenic activities. Recently, several treatment technologies (e.g., adsorption for broader concentration Cl-VOCs, catalytic combustion for high concentration (>500 ppm), advanced oxidation, electrochemical method, metal method and photocatalytic method for low concentration (<500 ppm)) have been applied for Cl-VOCs elimination. In this review, an extensive list of every method from literatures is compiled, and their capacities under various conditions are presented. However, there is still need to find out the practical technologies on commercial scale, leading to improvement of environmental pollution control.

A study on photocatalytic behaviors of MWCNTs-embedded mesoporous titanium dioxide spheres

양혜미,박수진 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

In this study, the mesoporous anatase TiO2 spheres/MWCNTs nanocomposites were synthesized via sol-gel method and solvothermal process. As-prepared nanocomposites represented a large specific surface area (104-190 m2/g), occurrence of TiO2 in the anatase phase,and reduced band gap energy (from 3.30 eV to 2.08 eV). Photodegradations carried out for 2h using trichloroethylene as chlorinated volatile organic compound. The nanocomposites showed enhanced photocatalytic activity. In particular, the nanocomposites containing 20 wt.%MWCNTs exhibited the best photocatalytic efficiency and degradation rate compared to the other prepared-materials. The phenomenon was attributed that the nanocomposites improved adsorption capacity of pollutants, light absorption capability, electron-hole pair lifetime, and absorbance in visible light.

MICROCYSTIS SP., 휴믹산과 THMFP와의 상관성에 관한 연구

이춘식,박현건,김형갑 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1996 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.9 No.-

본 연구의 결과 남조류 계통인 Microcystis와 저질(sediment), 지표수를 이용하여 조류 및 THMs의 전구물질의 고찰한 결과 상관관계는 다음과 같다. 1. Microcystis sp.의 조류세포를 파쇄시킨 후 농도별로 분취하여 TOC측정기로 측정한 결과 1∼50ppm 주입농도가 TOC농도의 상관성은 약 99%이상로 매우 밀접한 관계를 나타내었다. 2. TOC농도 1.35∼25.29mg/l에 대한 THMs의 농도는 19.96∼140.27㎍//l이 보였으며, 이러한 결과는 남조류계통종의 함량비율에 따른 것으로 나타났다. 3. 파쇄된 조류를 함유한 시료에 염소처리 전후 발생된 유기 화합물을 분석한 결과 다양한 유기화합물이 관찰되었다. This study were carried out to relation MICROCYSTIS sp. Humic acid and THMFP. The result were summarized as follows: 1. TOC analysis results come out relation 99% according to concentration after fragmentation of Microcystis sp. algae. 2. THMS concentration were 19.96-140.27ug/l according to TOC concentration 1.35-25.29ug/l. 3. Organic compound analysis results after fragmentation algae of treated chlorination were come out various organic compound.

부산지역 강우 중 저비점 유기염소 화합물의 특성에 관한 연구

옥곤 한국환경과학회 1996 한국환경과학회지 Vol.5 No.6

In order to grasp a characterization of low boiling point chlorinated organic compounds, this study which were carried out at the 8 stations for precipitation samples in the Pusan area during the period from February to September 1995. As a result, low boiling chlorinated organic compounds were estimated that it was dissolved by a portion of precipitation, and it be able to shift at the surface of the each. Concentration of low boiling point chlorinated organic compounds in precipitation are increased with increase of temperature, and estimated that air pollution compounds of as a rule in atmosphere.

뇨 성분에서의 염소 소독부산물 생성 특성

서인숙(In Sook Seo),손희종(Hee Jong Son),안욱성(Wook Sung Ahn),유선재(Sun Jae You),배상대(Sang Dae Bae) 大韓環境工學會 2008 대한환경공학회지 Vol.30 No.3

7종의 뇨 성분에서의 염소 소독부산물 생성 특성을 조사한 결과, kynurenine, indole 및 uracil에서 단위 DOC당 염소 소독부산물 생성능이 비교적 높게 나타났다. Kynurenine, indole 및 uracil에 대해 Br- 첨가 유무에 따른 THMs/DOC를 조사한 결과, Kynurenine은 Br-를 첨가하지 않은 경우, THMs/DOC가 86.9 μg/mg으로 나타났으며, Br-를 첨가하였을 경우는 THMs/DOC는 100.8 μg/mg으로 Br-를 첨가하지 않은 경우보다 높게 나타나고 있다. Indole의 경우도 Br-를 첨가하지 않은 경우 보다 Br-을 첨가한 경우에 THMs/DOC가 6.58 μg/mg에서 31.4 μg/mg 정도로 높아지는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, HAAs/DOC를 조사한 결과에서도 kynurenine에서 가장 높은 생성능을 보이고 있으며, 다음으로 uracil과 indole 순으로 조사되었다. 특히, THMs의 경우와는 반대로 kynurenine과 indole에서 Br-이 첨가된 경우 HAAs/DOC가 현저히 감소되는 것으로 나타나고 있다. Br-를 첨가하지 않은 경우에 kynurenine과 indole에서는 생성된 HAAs의 대부분을 TCAA가 차지하고 있는 것으로 나타났으나, uracil의 경우는 DCAA의 생성능이 높은 것으로 나타났다. Br- 첨가 유무에 따른 HANs/DOC를 조사한 결과에서는 kynurenine에서의 생성능이 가장 높았고, 대부분이 DCAN으로 나타났으며, Uracil의 경우에는 염소처리에 의해 HAN은 생성되지 않았다. 또한, CH/DOC 조사결과에서는 kynurenine과 indole에서는 낮은 생성능을 보인 반면, uracil의 경우 CH/DOC가 Br-를 첨가하지 않은 시료에서는 1,270 μg/mg, Br-를 첨가한 시료에서는 1,027 μg/mg으로 나타나 매우 높은 반응성을 나타내고 있다. Kynurenine, indole 및 uracil에 대해 Br- 첨가 유무에 따른 THMs과 HAAs 생성능 변화를 살펴본 결과, kynurenine과 indole의 경우는 Br-가 첨가되었을 경우 THMs/DOC가 높아지는 것으로 나타나고 있다. Kynurenine은 Br-가 첨가되었을 경우 THMs/DOC가 큰 폭으로 증가한 것이라기보다는 HAAs/DOC가 감소되어 Br- 첨가에 따라 THMs/DOC가 큰 것으로 나타났으며, indole의 경우는 kynurenine과는 반대로 THMs/DOC가 증가하여 나타난 결과이다. This study was conducted to analyze and determine the formation potential of chlorination DBPs from seven urinary compounds with or without Br-. Three of seven components were kynurenine, indole and uracil that were relatively shown high the formation potential of chlorination DBPs concentrations. The reported results of THMs/DOC with or without Br- in kynurenine showed that THMs/DOC was detected 86.9 μg/mg when Br- was not added, and THMs/DOC was detected 100.8 μg/mg when Br- was presented. In indole, THMs/DOC was increased from 6.58 μg/mg to 31.4 μg/mg when Br- was added. Moreover, among them, the highest, second- highest and third-highest HAAs/DOC were shown in kynurenine, uracil and indole respectively. Specially, HAAs/DOC was significantly deceased in kynurenine and indole when Br- was presented. This was a totally different phenomenon for THMs/DOC. TCAA was dominated in HAAs for kynurenine and indole, and DCAA was also dominated in HAAs for uracil. The highest formation of HANs/ DOC was shown in kynurenine whether or not Br- presented, and DCAN was predominant in HANs. HANs was not formed by chlorination in uracil. In addition, the formation of CH/DOC was relatively low in kynurenine and indole. The formation of CH/DOC was specially high(1,270 μg/mg) in uracil when Br- was not added. The formation of CH/DOC was 1,027 μg/mg in uracil when Br- was added. The formations of THMs and HAAs were also investigated in kynurenine, indole and uracil when Br- was presented or not. The formation of THMs/DOC was higher in kynurenine and indole when Br- was presented. The formation of HAAs/DOC was reduced in kynurenine when Br- was added. The result could be attributed to higher formation of THMs/DOC in kynurenine when Br- was added. The formation of HAAs/DOC was also reduced in indole when Br- was added. To the contrary, this result was not attributed to higher formation of THMs/DOC in indole when Br- was added.

열적활성화된 과황산에 의한 염화페놀의 산화분해특성 연구

손지민,권희원,황인성,김정진,김영훈,Son, JiMin,Kwon, Hee-Won,Hwang, Inseong,Kim, Jeong-Jin,Kim, Young-Hun 한국환경과학회 2020 한국환경과학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Oxidative degradation of phenol, three monochlorophenols (2-chlorophenol, 2-CP; 3-chlorophenol, 3-CP; 4-chlorophenol, 4-CP), four dichlorophenols (2,3-dichlorophenol, 2,3-DCP; 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4-DCP; 2,5-dichlorophenol, 2,5-DCP; 2,6-dichlorophenol, 2,6-DCP), and two trichlorophenols (2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,4,5-TCP; 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-TCP) was conducted with heat activated persulfate. As the number of chlorinations increased, the reaction rate also increased. The reaction rate was relatively well fitted to the zero-order kinetic model, rather than the pseudo-first order kinetic model for the reactions at 60 ℃, which can be explained by insufficient activation of the persulfate at 60 ℃, and the oxidation reaction of 2,4,6-TCP at 70 ℃ was relatively well fitted to the pseudo-first order kinetic model. The oxidation reaction rate generally increased with increase of persulfate concentration in the solution. 2,6-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione was found as a degradation product in a GC/MS analysis. This compound is a non-aromatic compound, and one chlorine was removed. This result is similar to the result of previous studies. The current study proved that heat activated persulfate activation could be an alternative remediation technology for phenol and chlorophenols in soil and groundwater.

소각로에서 배출되는 유기 염소계 화합물 및 다이옥신류의 촉매산화에 관한 연구

윤병석 ( Yoon Byeng-seok ),신철호 ( Shin Chul-ho ),정태섭 ( Jeong Tae-seop ) 한국환경기술학회 2002 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Column Removal of Trichloroethylene and Dichloromethane using Low Cost Activated Carbon

M. Radhika,Young-Seak Lee,K. Palanivelu 한국탄소학회 2010 Carbon Letters Vol.11 No.1

Coconut shell activated carbon (CSAC) was investigated for its ability in the removal of two neutral chlorinated organic compounds, namely trichloroethylene (TCE) and dichloromethane (DCM) from aqueous solution using a packed bed column. The efficiency of the prepared activated carbon was also compared with a commercial activated carbon (CAC). The important design parameters such as flow rate and bed height were studied. In all the cases the lowest flow rate (5 mL/min) and the highest bed height (25 cm) resulted in maximum uptake and per cent removal. The experimental data were analysed using bed depth service time model (BDST) and Thomas model. The regeneration experiments including about five adsorption-desorption cycles were conducted. The suitable elutant selected from batch regeneration experiments (25% isopropyl alcohol) was used to desorb the loaded activated carbon in each cycle.