연구논문 : 페이스 페인팅 제품 발색제로서 소목의 유효성

강선영 ( Sun Young Kang ),김현지 ( Hyeon Ji Kim ),김진 ( Jin Kim ),김정희 ( Jeong Hee Kim ) 한국미용학회 2015 한국미용학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The utilization of natural pigments has assumed increasing significance in a study of cosmetics. Because that is can be substituted for artificial dyes. We assessed anti-oxidation potential, Anti-microbial activity of Caesalpinia Sappan L. We made face painting product containing Caesalpinia Sappan L and evaluated safety and effectiveness. The total polyphenol content of Caesalpinia Sappan L were 31.46 mg/g. The total flavonoid content were 19.03 mg/g. As Anti-microbial activity test results, the clear zone against Staplylococcus aureus was 9mm. Growth activity of macrophage RAW was 80% in 125 ppm. To compared manufactured face painting product containing Caesalpinia Sappan L and control product on the market, face painting product containing Caesalpinia Sappan L have better cell viability than control products(54% in 125 ppm). The color value of the Caesalpinia Sappan L product are L* 26.91, a* 24.62, b* 10.04 and control product are L* 41.21, a* 49.21, b* 28.24. Seen form H/V/C values, color properties of Caesalpinia Sappan L products were darker and had lower saturation than the control product. Based on these findings, we could suggest a possibility in future for development of the color cosmetic containing natural pigment.

감마선 조사에 의한 소목추출물의 색상변화 및 항산화 활성 평가

권형준,정우희,박혜란,신동화,조성기,Kwon, Hyung-Jun,Jung, U-Hee,Park, Hae-Ran,Shin, Dong-Hwa,Jo, Sung-Kee 한국식품영양과학회 2007 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.36 No.8

본 연구에서는 소목 열수추출물을 용매 순차 분획하여 얻은 EtOAc 분획물을 가지고 감마선 조사(100 kGy)한 후 색상 변화와 항산화활성 향상 변화를 평가하였다. 평가시험으로서 소목 용매 순차 분획물과 선정된 EtOAc 분획물에 감마선을 조사(100 kGy)후 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성에서 4가지 유기용매 분획물(chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol, $H_{2}O$) 중 EtOAc 분획물의 전자공여능 $IC_{50}$ 값이 비조사구와 조사구 각각 0.71 및 0.61 ${\mu}g/mL$로 현저히 높았으며, 비조사구와 조사구 각각 $38.5{\sim}91.5%$ 및 $45.7{\sim}94.8%$의 라디칼 소거활성을 보여 조사구의 활성이 높게 나타났다. 또한 감마선 조사(100 kGy)한 EtOAc 분획물의 색상 변화는 명도(L값) 및 황색도(b값)의 경우 조사 후 증가한 반면, 적색도(a값)는 감소하였다. 총 페놀 함량은 비조사구와 조사구 각각 865 및 1195 mg/g으로 조사 후 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). Superoxide anion radical 소거활성 시험에서 EtOAc 분획물의 비조사구와 조사구 각각 $16.3{\sim}84.7%$ 및 $20.2{\sim}92.5%$로 조사구의 superoxide anion radical에 대한 소거활성이 높게 나타내었고 첨가수준 50 ${\mu}g/mL$ 이상의 농도에서는 60% 이상의 소거력을 나타내었다. 지질과산화 억제 시험에서 EtOAc 분획물의 비조사구와 조사구 각각 $14.6{\sim}85.6%$ 및 $19.5{\sim}93.4%$로 조사구의 지질과산화에 대한 억제 효과가 높게 나타내었고 첨가수준 0.4 ${\mu}g/mL$와 0.8 ${\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서는 비조사 시료에 비해 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타내었다(p<0.05). Comet assay를 이용한 EtOAc 분획물의DNA 방어효과 시험에서 생쥐 림프구에서 방사선에 의한 DNA 외가닥 절단 정도를 측정한 결과 TM 값은 정상대조군에서 $3.85({\pm}0.15)$이었고 방사선 조사군의 경우 $22.6({\pm}0.38)$로 증가되었다. 감마선 조사시킨 시료처리군의 경우 10 ${\mu}g/mL$에서 각각 $15.6({\pm}0.28)$, $12.01({\pm}0.31)$로서 DNA의 외가닥 절단에 대한 유의한 억제효과를 관찰할 수 있었다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과는 소목의 구성성분 중 brazilein, brazilin, gallic acid, quercetin 같은 다양한 페놀성 화합물과 플라보노이드의 배당체들이 방사선 조사에 의해 이탈됨에 따른 페놀 함량이 증가하여 항산화 활성도 향상됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 소목 추출물에 감마선 조사기술을 이용한다면 항산화 활성의 향상과 색택 개선 등 산업적으로 활용도가 높은 천연소재를 제조할 수 있으리라 사료된다. Caesalpinia sappan L. is an indeciduous tree distributed in China, India, Miyanmar and Vietnam. Its heartwood has long been used in oriental folk medicines to treat diseases. In this study, antioxidative activities of Caesalpinia sappan L. and the effect of gamma irradiation on its chemical and biological properties were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAc fr.) of Caesalpinia sappan L. was irradiated with 100 kGy of gamma ray. The dark red color of EtOAc fr. was significantly (p<0.05) removed by irradiation (Hunter L and b values increased and a value decreased). The total phenolic content of EtOAc fr. was 865 mg/g and it was increased to 1195 mg/g by gamma irradiation. DPPH radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity of EtOAc fr. were very high and its activities were also increased by gamma irradiation. EtOAc fr. also inhibited the irradiation-induced DNA damage of lymphocyte as determined by comet assay. In conclusion, EtOAc fr. of Caesalpinia sappan L. extract showed high antioxidative activities in vitro. Furthermore, gamma irradiation on EtOAc fr. ameliorated the color and antioxidative properties. Therefore, it can be suggested that Caesalpinia sappan L. may be a good material for antioxidant function and gamma irradiation may be applied for the improvement of chemical and biological properties of Caesalpinia sappan L.

소목 추출물의 구강암 및 골육종 세포주에 대한 항암작용에 관한 연구

이종수,김여갑,김정희,Lee, Jong-Su,Kim, Yeo-Gab,Kim, Jeong-Hee 대한구강악안면외과학회 2001 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.27 No.4

Anticancer effect of methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. on oral carcinoma (KB) and osteosarcoma (HOS) cells were investigated in this study. In order to elucidate the anticancer mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan L, we analyzed telomerase inhibitory effect of the methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. In addition we prepared 5 fraction samples according to its polarity differences and analyzed anticancer effects on oral carcinoma and osteosarcoma cells. Following results are obtained in this study. 1. 50% cell proliferation inhibitory value ($IC_{50}$) of the methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. against oral carcinoma (KB) cells and osteosarcoma (HOS) cells were $9.0{\mu}g/ml$ and $10.9{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. 2. The methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. showed inhibitory effect of telomerase which is required for cancer cell immortality. Therefore, it seems that the anticancer effect of methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan is at least partially due to telomerase inhibitory effect. 3. Five fraction samples were prepared according to its polarity and 88.7% of ingredient of total methanol extract was transferred to ethylacetate fraction. Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that dichloromethane fraction contained ingredient with relatively high polarity and ethylacetate fraction contained similar ingredient found in total methanol extract. 4. Anticancer effect was observed in n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethylacetate fractions. The highest anticancer effect was found in dichloromethane fraction which had $IC_{50}$ value of 4.4 and $>4.0{\mu}g/ml$ against oral carcinoma (KB) cells and osteosarcoma (HOS) cells, respectively.

키토산의 처리가 소목(Caesalpinia sappan L.) 분말의 염색성에 미치는 영향

송홍종,이용현,김동청 중소기업융합학회 2021 융합정보논문지 Vol.11 No.6

본 연구에서는 소목(Caesalpinia sappan L.) 분말을 활용한 모발 염색의 최적 조건을 결정하였고, 키토산 처리가 소목 분말의 모발 염색성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 소목 분말의 혼합비율, 염색시간 및 온도에 따른 염색성을 확인한 결과 소목 분말과 물의 비율을 1:3(w/w)로 하여 40℃에서 60분 동안 처리하 는 것이 모발 염색에 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 키토산의 분자량, 처리 농도와 처리 순서가 소 목 분말의 염색성에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과 저분자량(∼30 kDa)의 키토산을 1%(w/w)의 농도로 소목 분말 처리에 앞서 전처리를 하는 것이 염색성 향상 및 유지에 가장 효과적이었다. 결론적으로 모발 염색에 있어서 저분자량의 키토산은 매염제로서 소목 분말의 염색 효율과 유지력 향상에 크게 도움이 되는 것으로 판단된다. In this study, the optimal conditions for hair dyeing using sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) powder were determined, and then the effect of chitosan treatment on the hair dyeing properties of sappan wood powder was investigated. Treatment of sappan wood powder and water with the ratio of 1:3 (w/w) at 40℃ for 60 minutes was found to be the most effective to hair dyeing. In addition, the pretreatment of low molecular weight (∼30 kDa) chitosan at a concentration of 1% (w/w) prior to treatment with sappan wood powder effectively improved and maintained the hair dyeing properties of sappan wood. In conclusion, the low molecular weight chitosan is considered to be of great help as a mordant in improving the dyeing efficiency and retention of sappan wood powder in hair dyeing.

소목 추출물의 구강암 및 골육종 세포주에 대한 항암작용에 관한 연구

이종수,김여갑,김정희 大韓口腔外科學會 2003 大韓口腔外科學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

소목 추출물의 항균력 및 살균소독력

이진영,민경진,Lee, Jin-Young,Min, Kyung-Jin 한국환경보건학회 2011 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Antimicrobial activity and bactericidal activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. extracts were investigated against five food-borne pathogens, E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, B. cereus and L. monocytogenes. Methanol extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. revealed antimicrobial activities against five pathogens. In particular, by paper disc diffusion the highest activity was shown against L. monocytogenes. Antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts showed the most potent activities, but hexane fraction had no activity. Fractions of ethyl acetate and butanol turned out to have higher antimicrobial activities against Gram(+) bacteria than Gram(-) bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration against five food-borne pathogens was 1.563 mg/ml on Gram(+) bacteria and 3.125 mg/ml on Gram(-) bacteria. The result of antimicrobial activity in a shaking flask method showed that bacterial growth rate fell by more than 99.999% at 3.125 mg/ml of methanol extract. The highest rate of viable reduction (99.998%) was shown at 0.781 mg/ml of methanol extract against L. monocytogenes. After five minutes of reaction between test strains and methanol extracts, the growth rates of five kinds of bacteria were reduced by more than 99.999% at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. Therefore, it is suggested that methanol extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. can be developed as a natural sanitizer or disinfectant.

蘇木의 에틸아세테이트 추출물이 B16/F10 흑색종세포의 멜라닌 합성에 미치는 효과

천현자,김용수,남항우,윤성찬,우원홍 대한동의생리학회,대한동의병리학회 2001 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.15 No.6

Caesalpinia sappan L. has been commonly used as analgesic, a cure for contusion and sprain as well as a remedy for thrombosis in the oriental medicine. The main constituent of Caesalpinia sappan L. is brazilin having a flavonoid structure. Melanin is a main pigment found in skin, hair and eyes, and melanin synthesis is controlled by a cascade of enzymatic reactions regulated at the level of tyrosinase. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Caesalpinia sappan L. on proliferation and melanogenesis of B16/F10 melanoma cells. After 48h treatment of cells with various concentrations of EtOAc extract, the cells exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition in their proliferation without apotosis. Therefore, the growth retardation may be due to the cell arrest, not due to cytotoxicity. And there were estimated total melanin contents as a final product and activity of tyrosinase, a key enzyme, in melanogenesis. EtOAc extract increased the melanin contents and tyrosinase activity in low concentration (0.01-10㎍/ml), whereas it decreased those in high concentration. In conclusion, it was observed that EtOAc extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. differently regulates melanization of cells dependent of its concentrations.

식중독 세균에 대한 소목 추출물의 항균 활성

김이슬(Yi-Seul Kim),심혜미(Hye-Mee Shim),김광엽(Kwang-Yup Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.45 No.7

To develop a natural antimicrobial agent, we investigated the antimicrobial activities of 13 species of edible herbal plant extracts against major Gram-positive foodborne bacteria. Among the 13 screened edible herbal plants, Caesalpinia sappan L. showed the highest antimicrobial activity. In the paper disc agar diffusion assay, Caesalpinia sappan L. extracts had strong antibacterial activities against most Gram-positive bacteria but did not have antibacterial activities against most Gram-negative bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the ethanol extract were 0.06 mg/mL against Clostridium difficile and Listeria monocytogenes and 0.03 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus. Their inhibitory activities were not reduced by heat treatment or pH adjustment against C. difficile, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus. Antimicrobial activities were higher in ethanol extract than in distilled water extract. These results support the potential use of Caesalpinia sappan L. ethanol extract as an antimicrobial agent or functional food components against Gram-positive bacteria.

소목(蘇木)이 산화적 손상 및 Raw 264.7 cell과 HUVEC에서의 염증 유관 인자에 미치는 영향

강성순,김명신,조재준,최성안,양의호,전상윤,최창원,홍석,Kang, Seong-Sun,Kim, Myung-Sin,Jo, Jae-Jun,Choi, Seong-An,Yang, Eui-Ho,Jeon, Sang-Yun,Choi, Chang-Won,Hong, Soek 대한한방내과학회 2013 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

Objectives : This study investigated the impact of Caesalpinia sappan L. on oxidative damage and inflammatory relevant factor in RAW 264.7 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods : We determined whether fractionated EtOH extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. (CSL) inhibit free radical generation such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells and HUVEC. Result : 1. DPPH removal capacity was increased by CSL. 2. LPS-induced ROS, and NO inhibitory capacity were increased by CSL. 3. LPS-induced cell death of Raw 264.7 cells was decreased by CSL. 4. The amount of cytokine generation in Raw 264.7 cell was decreased significantly by CSL. 5. The amount of cytokine generation in HUVEC was decreased significantly by CSL. Conclusions : These results suggest that CSL supplement may attenuate oxidative stress by elevated antioxidative processes, and suppress inflammatory mediator activation.

소목 추출물의 세포독성 효과와 Topoisomerase I 억제 활성에 관한 연구

박갑주,김수영,마진열,성현제,전원경,Park, Kap-Joo,Kim, Soo-Young,Ma, Jin-Yeul,Sung, Hyun-Jea,Jeon, Won-Kyung 한국생약학회 1999 생약학회지 Vol.30 No.1

To evaluate cytotoxic effect and topoisomerase I inhibition activity of Caesalpinia sappan L., both water and methanol extracts were examined using in vitro assay. The cytotoxic effect of Caesalpinia sappan L. examined using MTT and SRB assay and $IC_{50}$ values were measured against U937, HL60, HepG2, SNU-1, SNU-16 cancer cell lines. Among them the representative cytotoxic results are shown as follows; water extract (U937=13.39 ${\mu}g/ml$, HL60=8.65 ${\mu}g/ml$, HepG2=38.48 ${\mu}g/ml$, SNU-1=7.72 ${\mu}g/ml$, SNU-16=25.49 ${\mu}g/ml$), methanol extract (U937=13.35 ${\mu}g/ml$, HL60=9.43 ${\mu}g/ml$, HepG2=25.67 ${\mu}g/ml$, SNU-1=8.37 ${\mu}g/ml$, SNU-16=28.64 ${\mu}g/ml$). The inhibitory concentration of DNA topoisomerase I activity against water extract was 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ and the inhibitory concentration of DNA topoisomerase I against methanol extract was 400 ${\mu}g/ml$.