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배양임파구에서 카드뮴, 셀레늄 및 아연 투여가 자매염색분체교환에 미치는 영향
이연경,조영채 한국환경보건학회 1997 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.23 No.4
To evaluate the cytogenetic toxicity, of cadmium and the reducing effect of selenium or zinc on cadmium toxicity, the induction of SCEs in cultured human lymphocytes by the concentraion of 0.5 $\mu$M to 16.0 $\mu$M of cadmium chloride and those of cadmium chloride combined with sodium selenite or zinc chloride 1.2 $\mu$M, respectively was investigated. The induction of SCEs by cadmium chloride in the range of 0.5 $\mu$M to 16.0 $\mu$M increased in a dose-dependent manner. A notable increase in SCEs by sodium selenite as well as zinc chloride was also observed. However, the frequency of SCEs by cadmium chloride was inhibited by the simultaneous addition of sodium selenite and zinc chloride 1.2 $\mu$M, respectively. The mitotic index significantly decreased in higher concentration of cadmium chloride but not was significantly different in any concentration of cadmium chloride with the simultaneous addition of sodium selenite or zinc chloride. The results showed that the decreased additive SCE effect was observed when induced by the combined treatment which could suggest that sodium selenite and zinc chloride have a protective effect on cadmium chloride.
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RENAL EXCRETION OF $Na^+$ AND $K^+$ IN CADMIUM-INTOXICATED RATS
Kim, Yung-Kyu,Park, Yang-Saeng The Korean Society of Toxicology Korea Environment 1989 Toxicological Research Vol.5 No.2
Changes in urinary $Na^+$ and $K^+$ excretions, renal cortical microsomal $Na^+$ -K-ATPase activity, cortical tissue electrolyte content and plasma aldosterone level were studied in rats treated with CdCl2 (2 mg Cd/kg/day, s.c. injection) for 7-14 days. After 7 days of cadmium exposure, urinary excretion of $Na^+$ was markedly reduced. This change was accompanied by an increase in $Na^+$-$K^+$-ATPase activity, a fall in tissue $Na^+$ content, a rise in tissue $K^+$ content and an elevation of plasma aldosterone level.
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Hydroxyapatite 첨가 활성탄을 이용한 Cd의 동역학적 흡착과 흡착평형에 관한 연구
안상우(An Sangwoo),최재영(Choi Jaeyoung),박재우(Park Jaewoo) 한국지반환경공학회 2010 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.11 No.1
본 연구는 hydroxyapatite(HAP) 첨가 활성탄(HAP sorbent)의 카드뮴에 대한 흡착특성을 조사하였다. HAP 첨가량의 변화에 따른 카드뮴의 제거특성은 HAP 첨가량이 증가 할수록 카드뮴의 제거량은 흡착에 의한 영향으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 HAP에 의한 이온교환능력의 증가에 의한 것으로 사료된다. 동역학적 흡착과 흡착평형에 관한 연구는 연속적인 회분식 실험을 통하여 조사하였다. 조사된 흡착평형 데이터는 Langmuir와 Freundlich isotherm mode을 사용하여 살펴보았으며, 초기 흡착질의 농도 변화에 따른 HAP 첨가 활성탄의 카드뮴의 흡착은 Freundlich isotherm model에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. Cd의 흡착반응의 동역학적 연구를 위하여 유사 1차 반응속도와 유사 2차 반응속도 모델을 사용하 Cd 흡착반응의 흡착 메커니즘을 조사하였다. 유사 2차 반응속도를 따르며, 유사 2차 반응속도 상수는 활성탄에 HAP의 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, intraparticle diffusion model을 사용하여 수용액상의 흡착질과 흡착매질과의 흡착 메커니즘을 조사하였다. 수용액상 카드뮴의 흡착메커니즘은 흡착질과 흡착매질에서 표면흡착반응과 입자내 확산이 동시에 일어나는 것으로 확인되었다. Cadmium (Cd) adsorption by the activated carbon containing hydroxyapatite (HAP) was investigated. Cd adsorption with different HAP mass ranged from 10% to 30%. With more HAP, more Cd was adsorbed. These results suggest that the higher HAP dose causes an increase of the ion exchange potential in HAP sorbent. Kinetics and equilibrium studies were investigated in series of batch adsorption experiments. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were fit to the equilibrium data and Cd adsorption on HAP sorbent were found to follow the Freundlich isotherm model well in the initial adsorbate concentration range. The simple kinetic model, the pseudo first order kinetic model and the pseudo second order kinetic model, were used to investigate the adsorption. The adsorption reaction of Cd followed the pseudo second order kinetic model, and the adsorption pseudo second order kinetic constants (k₂) increased with increasing initial HAP amounts onto activated carbon. Also, intraparticle diffusion model was used to investigate the adsorption mechanism between adsorbate and adsorbent in the aqueous phase. Surface adsorption reaction and intraparticle diffusion occur simultaneously Cd adsorption mechanism from aqueous phase in this study.
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