발 푸시버튼의 배치와 작업 효율성

홍승권 ( Seung Kweon Hong ),채준성 ( Jun Seong Chae ) 대한설비관리학회 2013 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The layout of switch button was addressed in the many previous studies. The most of them was related with the switch buttons controlled by human hands or fingers. This study addressed the layout of switch button that is controlled by the human foot. Human performance (e.g. movement time and error rate) was measured according to the number of button and the layout pattern. The human performance was decreased with increase of the number of button. The number of button which can be recommended was less than 4buttons in this study. On the other hand, it has been reported that foot movement rotating foot ankle is more efficient than foot movement straightly moving foot itself. However, the button layout leading rotating foot ankle was not significantly superior to the other button layouts in this study.

노래방 리모콘 인터페이스 개선방안에 대하여

원용재(Yongjae Won),김형식(Hyungsik Kim),임성범(Sungbum Lim),김신우(ShinWoo Kim) 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.2

1991년 한국에 처음 노래방이 등장한 이후 수많은 노래방이 생겨나기 시작했고, 노래방 문화는 한국 사회의 유흥문화에 핵심적인 역할을 담당하고 있다. 하지만 노래방이 대중적인 인기를 얻고 다양하게 변신을 하고 있는 반면 노래방 기계를 조작 하는 리모컨의 인터페이스는 여전히 복잡하고 사용하기 불편하다. 특히 자주 사용하는 [취소]버튼은 그 기능이 모호한 반면 자주 사용하지 않는 다양한 버튼들로 인해 많은 사용자들은 혼란을 겪게 된다. 본 연구는 설문조사 및 면접을 통해 노래방 리모컨 사용 시 발생하는 어려움에 대해 조사하였다. 그 결과 사용자들이 주로 겪고 있는 문제는 [취소]버튼의 모호성과 잘 사용하지 않는 다수의 기능 버튼 때문이라는 예측을 확인하였다. 설문결과를 바탕으로 [현재곡 취소]와 [예약곡 취소]를 하나의 버튼으로 통합하여 사용자들의 빈번한 오류인‘예약곡"을 취소하려다 현재곡을 취소하는 실수’를 줄일 수 있는 대안을 제시하였다. 더불어 undo 기능의 추가와 자주 사용하지 않는 기능들의 재분류에 대해 논의하였다. Since its initial introduction of karaoke to Korea in 1991, a large number of karaoke sprang up many places and karaoke culture has become one of core components in Korean entertainment night life. However whereas karaoke gained mass popularity and changed into different forms, UI of remote controller that operates karaoke machine is still complex and confusing. In particular, the function of frequently used ‘cancel’ button is at times ambiguous and users are confused by a number of rarely used buttons. This research investigated difficulties involved in the use of karaoke remote controller using questionnaire and interview. The results confirmed our prediction that the main UI problem was ambiguity of cancel button and a number of messy buttons rarely used. Based on survey results, alternative button layout was proposed which integrates current song and reserved song cancel buttons in order to reduce frequent error where users abort the current song when intended to cancel reserved ones. Furthermore, addition of ‘undo’ function and rearrangement of rarely used buttons are discussed.

돌발 상황 하의 사용자 반응을 고려한 자동차 중앙 계기판 버튼의 최적 배치 방안 연구

최준영(Jun Young Choi),김영수(Young Su Kim),반상우(Sang Woo Bahn),윤명환(Myung Hwan Yun),이면우(Myun Woo Lee) 대한인간공학회 2010 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Many studies on safety issues of human-machine interaction are being conducted, especially taking emergency situations into consideration. In light of this view, the importance of objective and reliable measurement of users' reactions under emergency situations is becoming more important than ever in reflecting such issues in the design of everyday things. However, despite the need to consider the human-machine interactions and human performances at the design stage, there were few studies which considered human performances and behaviors under emergency situations. This study is about an evaluation method and design guide to include such human performances under emergency situations during human-machine interactions. This is achieved through an experiment where operators are instructed to press the emergency button at an experimentally designed location under a random emergency situation. By analyzing the results in a human factors perspective, the response time and the accuracy of the operators' behaviors are explained. Analysis revealed that in designing the center fascia for automobiles, there is a tradeoff between response time and accuracy, and the optimal size of buttons differ in each part of the center fascia. This method is expected to be applicable to industrial situations to derive optimal position for emergency buttons.

An Effective and Efficient Button Layout of a Smartwatch for Standing and Walking

Dong Yeong Jeong,Sung H. Han,Hojun Cha 대한인간공학회 2016 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.06

The aim of this study is to investigate the user’s touch task performance of a smartwatch with various button layouts and mobility conditions. Since a smartwatch has a touch-based screen, interactions occur on the screen. However, the screen sizes are relatively smaller than those of other mobile devices. It makes users difficult to touch buttons especially in the walking conditions because body movements disturb users to interact with smartwatches. The appropriate button size and spacing should be considered for comfortable interactions. In this study, task performance time, error rate, and overall satisfaction were measured in an experiment. Participants conducted touch tasks in various conditions of mobility (standing and walking) and button layouts; 5 kinds of button size (3㎜, 4.5㎜, 6㎜, 7.5㎜, and 9㎜) and 3 conditions of button spacing (0㎜, 3㎜, and 6㎜). The numbers (1, 2, and 3) were randomly shown on the three buttons each. Participants touched the three buttons in the numerical order. The results showed that task performance times were shorter in the standing condition, large button sizes and spacing than walking condition, small button sizes and spacing each. The button spacing becomes sensitive to the task performance time when the button size is small. Error rates were lower in the standing condition and large button sizes than walking condition and small button sizes each. Especially, the error rates rapidly dropped when the button size becomes greater than 6㎜. The overall satisfactions were higher when participants stand, button sizes and spacing are large. A large button needs to be provided to the users when they walk. When the button should be designed small, the large spacing can be considered. The button size should be greater than 6mm for the high touch task accuracy.

한국군 전술컴퓨터의 인간공학적 메인버튼 설계

백승창(Seung Chang Baek),정의승(Eui S. Jung),박성준(Sung Joon Park) 대한인간공학회 2009 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

The tactical computer is currently being developed and installed in armored vehicles and tanks for reinforcement. With the tactical computer, Korea Army will be able to grasp the deployment status of our forces, enemy, and obstacles under varying situations. Furthermore, it makes the exchange of command and tactical intelligence possible. Recent studies showed that the task performance is greatly affected by the user interface. The U.S. Army is now conducting user-centered evaluation tests based on C2 (Command & Control) to develop tactical intelligence machinery and tools. This study aims to classify and regroup subordinate menu functions according to the user-centered task performance for the Korea Army's tactical computer. Also, the research suggests an ergonomically sound layout and size of main touch buttons by considering human factors guidelines for button design. To achieve this goal, eight hierarchical subordinate menu functions are initially drawn through clustering analysis and then each group of menu functions was renamed. Based on the suggested menu structure, new location and size of the buttons were tested in terms of response time, number of error, and subjective preference by comparing them to existing ones. The result showed that the best performance was obtained when the number of buttons or functions was eight to conduct tactical missions. Also, the improved button size and location were suggested through the experiment. It was found in addition that the location and size of the buttons had interactions regarding the user's preference.

유니버설디자인을 위한 휴대전화기의 버튼 배열 표준화 제안 : 국내 3사(삼성 엘지 팬택) 휴대전화기 사례분석

김미영(Kim Miyoung),이호숭(Lee Hosoong),정홍인(Cheng Hongin) 한국디지털디자인학회 2008 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.8 No.1

휴대전화기의 사용이 보편화되면서 휴대전화의 사용자층은 다양해지고 기술의 발달로 인해 전화기의 성능도 매우 발전하였다. 다양한 기능이 휴대전화기에 적용되면서 사용자가 익혀야할 기능들은 더욱 늘어났고 이로 인해 휴대전화기의 UI는 휴대전화기의 시장성에 있어서 성패를 좌우할 만큼 중요한 부분을 차지하게 되었다. 그러므로 디자인 측면뿐 만 아니라 실제로 시장에서의 판매를 위해서도 휴대전화기의 다양한 사용자층이 보다 쉽고 효율적으로 전화기를 사용하기 위해 유니버설 디자인 관점에서의 인터페이스 디자인 개발이 필요하다. 그러나 이제까지의 현실은 제조사와 모델 별로 일관성 없이 디자인되는 휴대전화기 UI로 인해 사용자들은 기종을 변경할 때마다 새로운 전화기의 사용방법을 새롭게 익혀야만 하였으며 모바일 콘텐츠 개발사들은 기종별로 컨텐츠를 재가공해야하는 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 휴대전화기 하드웨어 UI 디자인의 표준화를 제안하여 버튼 배열을 일관화 시키고 나아가서 버튼의 배열 표준화 방향을 모색하고자 하였다. 표준화 방안을 제안하기 위해 1)표준과 UI의 사용성에 대해 조사하였으며 2)휴대전화기 제조 3사(삼성 엘지 팬택)에서 출시된 3*4키(전화기의 기본 숫자 버튼과 * # 버튼) 인터페이스를 가진 사례를 추출하여 주요 기능버튼을 중심으로 버튼 레이아웃을 비교·분석하고 3)페이퍼 목업 프로토타입으로 사용자 테스트를 실시하여 버튼 배열 관례에 대한 인식 조사를 하였다. 이와 같은 조사와 실험 결과는 휴대전화기의 버튼 배열의 표준안 제시를 위한 근거로 사용되었다. 본 연구를 통해 제안된 버튼의 배치 방법은 버튼 배열 방법의 가이드라인으로 활용될 수 있을 것이며 향후 휴대전화기의 표준화를 위한 방향을 설정하기 위한 자료로도 활용될 것으로 기대된다. Recently diverse and new high-performance mobile phones are rapidly introduced to the market and more various people are using the mobile phones. The latest mobile phones offer more functions which causes users to experience difficulties in using their mobile phones and even learning the usage. Therefore user interface(UI) of the mobile phone is believed as a significant factor to succeed in the market. Universal design methodology should be applied to improve usability of the interface for the diverse users. The inconsistency in UIs among the devices make users learn the usage of their new mobile phones whenever they change the device and content providers develop several different programs for a single content. A direction for standardization of arrangement of mobile phone buttons were suggested in this study. For the study 1)previous studies related to the standardization and usability for mobile phone were reviewed 2)representative mobile phones with 3x4 (numbers * and #) button layout from three manufacturers (Samsung LG Pantech) were compared and 3)users selected proper positions of buttons by using paper mock-up prototype. A standard button layout of mobile phone is consequently suggested in the study and the proposed layout can be used as a guideline or reference for further studies and future standardization.

휴대폰 하드웨어 UI에서 사용편의성을 위한 버튼 배열의 표준화 제안에 관한 연구

김영미(Kim Mi-Young),김현정(Kim Hyun-Jung),이호숭(Lee Ho-Soong),정홍인(Cheng Hong-In) 한국디자인학회 2007 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-