AOA 추정기 기반의 적응 빔형성 시스템 구조

문지윤(Ji Youn Mun),배영철(Young Chul Bae),황석승(Suk Seung Hwang) 한국전자통신학회 2017 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.12 No.5

신호의 도래각(: Angle-of-Arrival, AOA) 추정기 및 간섭 제거기 등으로 구성된 적응 빔형성기 기반의 신호정보 수집(: Signal Intelligence, SIGINT) 시스템은 레이더나 위성 등과 같은 각종 장비를 활용하여 다양한 신호정보를 수집하기 위한 최첨단 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 도래각 추정기와 적응 빔형성기로 구성된 효율적인 신호정보 수집 시스템의 구조를 제안한다. 다양한 신호의 도래각 정보를 추정하기 위해 MUSIC(: Multiple Signal Classification) 알고리즘을 사용하고, 불필요한 간섭 신호를 제거하기 위해 MVDR(: Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) 기법을 사용한다. 또한, 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안된 적응 빔형성기의 성능을 평가한다. The Signal Intelligence (SIGINT) system based on the adaptive beamformer, comprised of the AOA estimator followed by the interference canceller, is a cutting edge technology for collecting various signal information utilizing all sorts of devices such as the radar and satellite. In this paper, we present the efficient adaptive SIGINT structure consisted of an AOA estimator and an adaptive beamformer. For estimating AOA information of various signals, we employ the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm and for efficiently suppressing high-power interference signals, we employ the Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) algorithm. Also, we provide computer simulation examples to verify the performance of the presented adaptive beamformer structure.

효율적인 주파수 영역 빔형성기 구현을 위한 국부 스펙트럼 고속 연산 기법

하창읍(Chang-Eup Ha),김완진(Wan-Jin Kim),이동훈(Dong-Hun Lee ),김형남(Hyoung-Nam Kim) 大韓電子工學會 2011 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.48 No.4

주파수 영역 빔형성기 (frequency domain beamformer)는 시간 영역 빔형성기에 비해 연산량 측면에서 효율성이 높아 다수의 빔과 센서가 요구되는 수동 소나 시스템에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 주파수 영역 빔형성기에서는 푸리에 변환을 통한 입력 신호의 스펙트럼 분석 과정이 필수적이며, 이 과정의 효율성에 따라 전체 시스템의 성능이 결정된다. 또한 기본적으로 실시간 신호처리가 요구되는 실제 전장 환경에서 이러한 스펙트럼 연산 과정 최적화의 중요성이 더욱 부각되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 실시간으로 수신되는 협대역 신호의 효율적인 국부 스펙트럼 분석 (partial spectrum analysis)을 위해, TD (transform decomposition) 기법과 GSFFT (generalized sliding fast Fourier transform) 기법의 장점을 모두 적용한 pruned-GSFFT 기법을 제안한다. 또한 제안된 기법의 구현상의 특성을 분석하고 요구되는 연산량을 기존 기법들과 비교한다. A Frequency domain beamforming technique is widely used in sonar systems with a large number of beams and sensors. In the battlefield environment requiring real-time signal processing, it is needed to optimize the computational complexity of the spectrum computation to implement an efficient and fast frequency domain beamformer. So, in this paper, we proposed the pruned-GSFFT (pruned generalized sliding fast Fourier transform) as a new spectrum computation method. The proposed method help to reduce the computational complexity of the real-time partial spectrum computation by eliminating the redundancy between consecutive input samples and skipping the regardless frequency bands. Also the characteristics of the proposed pruned-GSFFT method and its computational complexity are compared to those of previous FFT algorithms.

간섭상관행렬 추출을 통한 포인팅 오류에 강인한 적응 빔포밍

최양호 한국통신학회 2023 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.48 No.7

The output SINR (signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio) of an adaptive beamformer can be significantly deteriorated by pointing errors which cause the desired signal to be suppressed as an interference. We present a robust beamforming method through the extraction of an interference correlation matrix from the sample matrix, which is performed by an oblique projection. The matrix for oblique projection is found from the eigendecomposition of the sample matrix, without the estimation of the arrival angles and powers of interferences. Hence the computational complexity of the proposed method is much less than the existing ones that find an interference matrix through a matrix integration or direction estimation over a range of interference angle. The direction of the desired signal is estimated by MUSIC (multiple signal classification), which provides more accurate estimates than the Capon estimator that has often been used by existing beamformers. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is robust against random errors as well as pointing errors.

Performance Analysis of GPS Anti-Jamming Method Using Dual- Polarized Antenna Array in the Presence of Steering Vector Errors

Kwansik Park,서지원 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2020 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.9 No.2

The antenna arrays are known to be effective for GPS anti-jamming and the performance can be improved further if a dualpolarized antenna array is used. However, when the Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) beamformer is used as a signal processing algorithm for the dual-polarized antenna array, the anti-jamming performance can degrade in the presence of errors in the steering vector that is a key factor of the MVDR beamformer. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of the steering vector error on the anti-jamming performance of the dual-polarized antenna array is analyzed by simulations and the result is compared to that of the single-polarized antenna array.

안테나 배열을 이용한 효율적인 시-공간 혼합 CDMA 수신기

송용 ( Yong Song ) 한국고등직업교육학회 2000 한국고등직업교육학회논문집 Vol.1 No.4

The spatio-temporal processing at receiver seems quite beneficial because it could alleviate the fading effect and suppress various interferences over space and time domains simultaneously, in order to discriminate multipath components corresponding to the desired user, this paper propose the spatial-temporal combiner using the adaptive beamformer. Also, to increase the channel capacity in the presence of the interferences, this paper propose more efficient beamforming technique subject to multiple linear constraints such that the total power associated to the multiple access interferences (MAI) is minimized and the residual self interferences (SI) are rejected on spatial domain. To show the superiority of the proposed composite processing for the spatio-temporal combiner, the BER and the SINR curves will be shown under the various environments.

인접 배치된 스테레오 무지향성 마이크로폰 환경에서 양이간 강도차를 활용한 음원 분리 기법

전찬준(Chan Jun Chun),정석희(Seok Hee Jeong),김홍국(Hong Kook Kim) 대한전자공학회 2013 전자공학회논문지 Vol.50 No.12

섭동공분산행렬을 이용한 수정 빔형성기 방법의 신호 추정에 대한 연구

이관형(Kwan-Hyeong Lee),조태준(Tae-Jun Cho) 한국정보전자통신기술학회 2017 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지 Vol.10 No.4

무선환경에서의 송신신호는 정보신호이외에 간섭, 잡음이 혼합된 신호가 수신된다. 수신기에 입사한 신호에서 원하는 신호를 추정하기 위해서 본 연구를 진행하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 수정된 빔형성기 방법으로 공간상의 목표물을 정확히 추정하는 방법에 대해서 연구하였다. 수정된 빔형성기 방법은 적응배열 안테나와 섭동공분산행렬을 사용하여 최적의 가중치를 획득하고 공간상에 빔을 주사하여 원하는 신호를 추정한다. 계산량이 많지 않은 수정 빔형성기 방법으로 분해능을 향상시켜 원하는 목표물의 신호를 추정한다. 모의실험을 통하여 수정 빔형성기 방법과 분해능이 우수한 MUSIC방법과 성능을 비교분석한다. 모의실험결과로 본 연구에서 수정 빔형성기 방법이 기존의 빔형성기 방법보다 분해능이 10도 향상되었고 MUSIC방법과 비슷한 성능의 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구의 분해능은 약 5도까지 원하는 신호를 추정하였다. Transmission signal in wireless environment receives a signal in which a source signal, interference, and noise are mixed. The goal of this study is to estimate the desired signal from the received signal. In this paper, we have studied a method correctly estimating a target in spatial by modified beamformer method. The modified bemaformer uses an adaptive array antenna and perturbation matrix to obtain the optimal weight, and estimate the desired signal by radiating the beam in spatial. We estimate a desired signal of the target by improving resolution with the modified beamformer method which does not have complicated calculation amount. Through simulation, we compare and analyze the modified beamformer method and the MUSIC method with good resolution. In result of simulation, we showed that modified beamformer method has better resolution of 10degree than classical beamformer method and showed similar performance as the MUSIC method. The resolution of this paper was estimated to be about 5 degrees.

CDMA 역방향 링크의 상관된 SIMO 채널을 위한 복합형 빔 성형 방식

최영관,김동구 대한전자공학회 2004 電子工學會論文誌-TC (Telecommunications) Vol.41 No.11

부호분할다중접속(CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access) 시스템의 역방향링크에서 수신 빔 성형 기법을 사용할 경우, 빔 성형 이득을 얻는 반면 전력 제어에 의해 불충분한 파일롯 전력으로 인해 채널 추정이 부정확해진다. 이 논문에서는 상관된 단일-입력 다중-출력(SIMO: Single-Input Multiple-Output) 채널에서 불충분한 파일롯 전력으로 인한 문제를 해결하기 위한 수신 빔 성형 방식을 제안하고자 한다. 제안된 복합형 빔 성형 방식(hybrid beamformer)은 수신 안테나들을 그룹 지어서, 각 그룹 당 수신 빔 방향(DOA: Direction-of-Arrival) 기반의 빔 성형 후에, 그룹별 출력을 최대 비 결합(MRC: Maxim Ratio Combining)하는 방식으로, 공간적으로 상관된 SIMO 채널의 디버시티 이득을 얻으면서 더 정확한 채널추정과 간섭제거 효과를 제공한다. 배열 안테나의 수가 여섯 개 이상인 경우, 복합형 빔 성형 방식은 빔 수신 각 범위(AOS: Angle-of-Spread)가 30°이하에서 일반적인 MRC 빔 성형 방식보다 더 좋은 성능을 보인다. Hybrid beamformer composed of Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) based scheme followed by Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC) is proposed to overcome the degradation due to inaccurate channel estimation caused by insufficient pilot power, which happens in conventional Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) reverse link. The proposed scheme could provide more accurate channel estimation and interference reduction at the expense of diversity gam in the spatially correlated SIMO channel. As a result, hybrid scheme outperforms conventional MRC beamformer for six or more antennas in the channel environment, in which Angle-of-Spread (AOS) is within 30$^{\circ}$.

Adaptive Beamformer Using Signal Location Information for Satellite

Kim, Se-Yen,Hwang, Suk-seung 항법시스템학회 2020 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.9 No.4

The satellite employs an adaptive beamformer to efficiently detect various signals and to suppress multiple interference signals, simultaneously. Although the adaptive beamforming satellite system needs Angle-of-Arrival (AOA) information of the desired signal, it is difficult to estimate the signal AOAs on the satellite environment. However, the AOA estimation on the ground control tower is more efficient and accurate comparing to the satellite environment. In this paper, we propose an adaptive beamforming satellite system based on the signal location information on the ground, consisting on an angle estimator, an adaptive beamformer, and signal processing & D/B unit. The ground control tower estimates the accurate location of the signal source, and it sends the estimated coordinates of the desired signal to the satellite. The angle estimator mounted on the satellite calculates the desired signal AOA, based on the signal location information transmitted from the ground control center. The satellite beamformer detects the desired signal and suppresses unwanted signals based on the signal AOA calculated by the angle estimator. We provide computer simulation results to present the performance of the proposed satellite adaptive beamforming system based on the signal location information.

동시 다중 주사 방식의 초음파 합성구경 빔포머 구조

이유화,김승수,안영복,송태경 대한의용생체공학회 2007 의공학회지 Vol.28 No.6

Although synthetic aperture focusing techniques can improve the spatial resolution of ultrasound imaging, they have not been employed in a commercial product because they require a real-time N-channel beamformer with a tremendously increased hardware complexity for simultaneous beamforming along M multiple lines. In this paper, a hardware-efficient beamformer architecture for synthetic aperture focusing is presented. In contrast to the straightforward design using NM delay calculators, the proposed method utilizes only M delay calculators by sharing the same values among the focusing delays which should be calculated at the same time between the N channels for all imaging points along the M scan lines. In general, synthetic aperture beamforming requires M 2-port memories. In the proposed beamformer, the input data for each channel is first upsampled with a 4-fold interpolator and each polyphase component of the interpolator output is stored into a 2-port memory separately, requiring 4M 2-port memories for each channel. By properly limiting the area formed with the synthetic aperture focusing, the input memory buffer can be implemented with only 4 2-port memories and one short multi-port memory.