Alterations in Membrane Transport Function and Cell Viability Induced by ATP Depletion in Primary Cultured Rabbit Renal Proximal Tubular Cells

Lee, Sung-Ju,Kwon, Chae-Hwa,Kim, Yong-Keun The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.1

This study was undertaken to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ATP depletion-induced membrane transport dysfunction and cell death in renal proximal tubular cells. ATP depletion was induced by incubating cells with 2.5 mM potassium cyanide(KCN)/0.1 mM iodoacetic acid(IAA), and membrane transport function and cell viability were evaluated by measuring $Na^+$-dependent phosphate uptake and trypan blue exclusion, respectively. ATP depletion resulted in a decrease in $Na^+$-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability in a time-dependent manner. ATP depletion inhibited $Na^+$-dependent phosphate uptake in cells, when treated with 2 mM ouabain, a $Na^+$ pump-specific inhibitor, suggesting that ATP depletion impairs membrane transport functional integrity. Alterations in $Na^+$-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability induced by ATP depletion were prevented by the hydrogen peroxide scavenger such as catalase and the hydroxyl radical scavengers(dimethylthiourea and thiourea), and amino acids(glycine and alanine). ATP depletion caused arachidonic acid release and increased mRNA levels of cytosolic phospholipase $A_2(cPLA_2)$. The ATP depletion-dependent arachidonic acid release was inhibited by $cPLA_2$ specific inhibitor $AACOCF_3$. ATP depletion-induced alterations in $Na^+$-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability were prevented by $AACOCF_3$. Inhibition of $Na^+$-dependent phosphate uptake by ATP depletion was prevented by antipain and leupetin, serine/cysteine protease inhibitors, whereas ATP depletion-induced cell death was not altered by these agents. These results indicate that ATP depletion-induced alterations in membrane transport function and cell viability are due to reactive oxygen species generation and $cPLA_2$ activation in renal proximal tubular cells. In addition, the present data suggest that serine/cysteine proteases play an important role in membrane transport dysfunction, but not cell death, induced by ATP depletion.

Alterations in Membrane Transport Function and Cell Viability Induced by ATP Depletion in Primary Cultured Rabbit Renal Proximal Tubular Cells

이성주,권채화,김용근 대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.1

This study was undertaken to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ATP depletion-induced membrane transport dysfunction and cell death in renal proximal tubular cells. ATP depletion was induced by incubating cells with 2.5 mM potassium cyanide (KCN)/0.1 mM iodoacetic acid (IAA), and membrane transport function and cell viability were evaluated by measuring Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and trypan blue exclusion, respectively. ATP depletion resulted in a decrease in Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability in a time-dependent manner. ATP depletion inhibited Na+-dependent phosphate uptake in cells, when treated with 2 mM ouabain, a Na+ pump-specific inhibitor, suggesting that ATP depletion impairs membrane transport functional integrity. Alterations in Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability induced by ATP depletion were prevented by the hydrogen peroxide scavenger such as catalase and the hydroxyl radical scavengers (dimethylthiourea and thiourea), and amino acids (glycine and alanine). ATP depletion caused arachidonic acid release and increased mRNA levels of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). The ATP depletion-dependent arachidonic acid release was inhibited by cPLA2 specific inhibitor AACOCF3. ATP depletion-induced alterations in Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability were prevented by AACOCF3. Inhibition of Na+-dependent phosphate uptake by ATP depletion was prevented by antipain and leupetin, serine/cysteine protease inhibitors, whereas ATP depletion-induced cell death was not altered by these agents. These results indicate that ATP depletion-induced alterations in membrane transport function and cell viability are due to reactive oxygen species generation and cPLA2 activation in renal proximal tubular cells. In addition, the present data suggest that serine/cysteine proteases play an important role in membrane transport dysfunction, but not cell death, induced by ATP depletion.

Alterations in Membrane Transport Function and Cell Viability Induced by ATP Depletion in Primary Cultured Rabbit Renal Proximal Tubular Cells

Sung Ju Lee,Chae Hwa Kwon,Yong Keun Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.1

This study was undertaken to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ATP depletion-induced membrane transport dysfunction and cell death in renal proximal tubular cells. ATP depletion was induced by incubating cells with 2.5 mM potassium cyanide (KCN)/0.1 mM iodoacetic acid (IAA), and membrane transport function and cell viability were evaluated by measuring Na⁺-dependent phosphate uptake and trypan blue exclusion, respectively. ATP depletion resulted in a decrease in Na⁺-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability in a time-dependent manner. ATP depletion inhibited Na⁺-dependent phosphate uptake in cells, when treated with 2 mM ouabain, a Na⁺ pump-specific inhibitor, suggesting that ATP depletion impairs membrane transport functional integrity. Alterations in Na⁺-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability induced by ATP depletion were prevented by the hydrogen peroxide scavenger such as catalase and the hydroxyl radical scavengers (dimethylthiourea and thiourea), and amino acids (glycine and alanine). ATP depletion caused arachidonic acid release and increased mRNA levels of cytosolic phospholipase A₂ (cPLA₂). The ATP depletion-dependent arachidonic acid release was inhibited by cPLA₂ specific inhibitor AACOCF₃. ATP depletion-induced alterations in Na⁺-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability were prevented by AACOCF₃. Inhibition of Na⁺-dependent phosphate uptake by ATP depletion was prevented by antipain and leupetin, serine/cysteine protease inhibitors, whereas ATP depletion-induced cell death was not altered by these agents. These results indicate that ATP depletion-induced alterations in membrane transport function and cell viability are due to reactive oxygen species generation and cPLA₂ activation in renal proximal tubular cells. In addition, the present data suggest that serine/cysteine proteases play an important role in membrane transport dysfunction, but not cell death, induced by ATP depletion.

자아조절자원이 감정에 대한 대응전략에 미치는 영향

이진용(Jin Yong Lee),전담(Dam Jeon) 한국마케팅학회 2011 마케팅연구 Vol.26 No.1

부정적 감정이 돈에서 유발되었을 때, 감성 회계에 의해 소비형태가 1)쾌락적 제품의 소비 회피(hedonic avoidance), 2)정화 소비(laundering)로 나타난다(Levav and McGraw 2009). 본 연구는 1개의 사전연구와 2개의 실험을 통하여 자아조절자원의 고갈효과가 감정에 대한 대응전략, 즉 쾌락적 소비 회피와 정화소비에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 검증하였다. 사전조사 분석결과는 기존 연구를 지지하는 것으로 나타났다. 부정적 감정을 불러일으키는 돈을 소비해야 할 경우 쾌락적 제품 회피와 정화 소비 선택비율이 더 높게 나타났지만, 긍정적 감정을 불러일으키는 돈을 소비할 경우 이러한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 실험 1을 통하여 자아조절자원의 고갈여부에 따라 쾌락적 제품 회피 및 정화소비의 선택비율에 차이가 나타나는지 검증하였다. 부정적 감정을 불러일으키는 돈을 소비할 때 나타나는 회피와 정화 소비의 선택비율이 조절자원의 고갈로 인해 대체로 줄어들었다. 실험2에서 부정적 감정에 대한 대응전략인 회피와 정화 소비를 쾌락적 소비와 함께 제시하였다. 조절자원의 고갈로 인해 적극적인 대응전략인 정화 소비의 선택 비율은 통계적으로 유의한 수준으로 줄어들었지만, 회피를 선택한 비율은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 정화 소비는 소극적인 방식인 쾌락적 소비의 회피에 비해 조절자원을 더욱 많이 요구하는 적극적 대응전략이므로 조절자원의 고갈효과에 따라 감소 비율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 함께 정화소비, 회피 모두 부정적 감정을 개선하였지만 정화소비에서 부정적 감정이 완화되는 효과가 훨씬 크다는 사실을 확인하였다. Levav and McGraw(2009) proposed ``emotional accounting`` in which money can be categorized by the feeling it evokes. They examine how the feeling about money influences its consumption pattern and how the affective label on the money impels appropriate coping behavior. When the feeling evoked by money is negative, consumers avoid hedonic purchases but prefer to use the money for utilitarian products or virtuous expenditures. The present study investigated the influence of ``resource-depletion`` on the processes and outcomes of emotional accounting. We focused on consumers` strategies coping with negative affective tags and moderating roles of the self-regulation resource depletion. Many of the previous studies on self-regulation found that resource depletion might influence a variety of psychological processes including those of self-control. We investigated the moderating role of self-control resource depletion in adopting coping strategies for alleviating negative emotion such as ``hedonic avoidance`` and ``laundering`` consumption (e.g., donation and education expense). In this research, we conducted one pretest and two experiments and analyzed the data using logistic regression analysis. In Pretest 1a, participants were presented with one of two scenarios (describing either positive or negative circumstances) and asked to choose one option between a hedonic product option and a no-choice option (avoidance). In Pretest 1b, participants were asked to make a decision between an educational spending (laundering) and a beach trip expenditure (hedonic consumption). Consumers in the negative circumstances more often chose an option of hedonic avoidance by giving up a current hedonic alternative and a laundering option such as spending the money for an educational purpose, compared with consumers in the positive circumstances. Participants in Experiment 1 performed two tasks, introduced to them as distinct studies. They performed either a depletion task (sudoku game) or a non-depletion task (a task of drawing figures) for 10 minutes. Participants in each condition were asked to choose an option as in the Pretest. We examined how 1) consumer`s self regulatory resource (depletion vs. non-depletion) and 2) the type of emotion about money (positive vs. negative) exerted an influence on consumer`s decisions. That is, we aimed to investigate the moderating effects of resource depletion. In negative circumstances, the percentages of hedonic avoidance and laundering options were decreased in the depletion condition, compared with those in the non-depletion condition, although the difference in hedonic avoidance was not statistically significant. However, in positive circumstances, the proportions of hedonic avoidance and laundering options were not statistically significantly different under the two conditions of depletion and non-depletion of self regulation resources. In Experiment 2, we simultaneously presented the options of hedonic avoidance and laundering as strategies for coping with negative feelings. Because ``avoidance`` includes more automatic components, it requires less self-regulatory resources than ``laundering`` composed of more controlled components. The analysis results of Experiment 2 showed that the percentage of the laundering choice was drastically decreased in the depletion condition, compared with the percentage in the non-depletion condition. We could understand that an option of laundering is an outcome of an active coping strategy requiring more resources for self regulation. However, the proportions of avoidance were not significantly different under the two conditions of depletion and non-depletion. The findings of this study suggest that avoidance and laundering are consequences of distinct coping strategies with negative emotions. Additionally, we found that laundering and avoidance improved negative emotions positively. However, hedonic avoidance, an outcome of a passive strategy could not improve emotional

자기조절자원의 소진이 자기통제에 미치는 효과: 심적 계정의 조절 효과를 중심으로

김재휘,설하린 한국소비자·광고심리학회 2014 한국심리학회지 소비자·광고 Vol.15 No.1

People who pursue long-term goal experience the depletion of self-regulatory resources. This study suggests how to control oneself in the state of depletion. When someone experiences ego depletion, self-control becomes difficult. However, standards-setting and self-monitoring can help self-control even after the ego-depletion, by allowing us to use self- regulatory resources efficiently. Especially, mental accounting can make standards and accordingly monitors oneself, so this study examines that the mental accounting is effective on self-control in an ego-depletion state. There are two levels of mental accounting; specific and general. We assume that in a state of no ego-depletion, specific mental accounting is effective on self-control, while in an ego-depletion state general mental accounting is effective, That is because general mental accounting triggers less anticipated self-control perception than specific mental accounting, which does not lead to too much pressure on self-control when the self-regulatory resources are already impaired(an ego-depletion state). Therefore, this study was designed as 2(ego depletion existence / or not) x 2 (mental accounting: general / specific) and measured self-control intention of each group. We verified our hypothesis. These findings suggest that for those who experience ego depletion and need self-controlling it is more effective to use general mental accounting than specific mental accounting. 본 연구는 장기적 목표 추구 과정에서 소비자들이 경험할 수 있는 자기조절자원의 소진 상황에서도 꾸준히 자신을 통제할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 자기조절자원이 소진되었을 경우에는 그렇지 않은 경우보다 자기 통제를 하기가 힘들다. 하지만 기준과 자기 감시가 자기 조절 자원의 소진 이후에도 효율적으로 자원을 사용할 수 있도록 한다는 점에서, 자기조절자원 소진 이후에도 지속적으로 자기 통제를 할 수 있도록 도울 수 있음을 가정하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 기준을 설정하고, 이에 따라 자기 감시를 하도록 하는 심적 계정이 자기조절자원의 소진을 극복할 수 있는지를 검증하고자 하였다. 심적 계정은 계정을 엄격하고 세분화하여 나눈 ‘구체적 심적 계정’과 계정을 유연하고 모호하게 설정한 ‘포괄적 심적 계정’으로 나누어질 수 있다. 이 때, 자기조절자원의 소진이 없을 경우에는 ‘구체적 심적 계정’이 효과적일 것으로 가정하였다. 반면 소진이 있을 경우에는 ‘포괄적 심적 계정’이 ‘구체적 심적 계정’에 비해 이후 자기 통제를 더 해야 한다는 예측된 자기 통제 지각이 낮게 나타날 수 있다. 이러한 측면에서 자기조절자원의 소진 이후에는 포괄적 심적계정이 자기 통제에 더 긍정적일 것이라 가정하였다. 이를 검증하기 위해 자기조절자원소진 여부(유/무) x 심적계정 수준(포괄적/구체적)의 연구 디자인을 설계하였으며, 각 처치 이후 자기통제 의도를 측정하였다. 실험 결과에 따르면, 자기조절자원의 소진이 있을 경우보다 없을 경우 자기통제 의도가 높게 나타났다. 또한, 자기조절자원의 소진이 없을 경우에는 ‘구체적 심적 계정’을, 자기조절자원의 소진이 있을 경우에는 ‘포괄적 심적 계정’을 활용하는 것이 자기통제에 효과적이라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 장기적 목표 추구 과정에서 발생하는 자기조절자원의 소진을 극복하는 방법으로 심적 계정이 포함하는 기준과 자기 감시의 효과성을 확인하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

협력학습에서 부적정서와 개인-집단 목표불일치가 자아고갈에 미치는 영향 : 과제가치의 조절효과를 중심으로

백아롱,신종호 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2021 교육과학연구 Vol.52 No.3

본 연구는 협력학습에서의 자아고갈에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 통해 협력학습의 비중이 높은 대학교육현장에서 학생들이 실질적으로 경험하는 자아고갈에 대한 이해를 높이고자 하였다. 연구1에서는 타인과의 상호작용에서 개인이 내적으로 경험하는 부적정서를 통해 개인 내에서 유발된 자아고갈을 분석하였고, 연구2에서는 개인과 집단의 관계에서 경험하는 개인-집단 목표불일치를 통해 개인 간에서 유발된 자아고갈을 분석하였다. 또한 과제가치의 조절효과를 분석하여 개인학습과 협력학습에서 자아고갈의 차이를 확인하였다. 대학생 230명을 대상으로 진행하였으며 분석에는 183명의 데이터를 활용하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 협력학습에서 학습자는 부적정서를 경험할 때 더욱 강하게 자아고갈을 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 협력학습에서 학습자는 본인의 목표지향성과 집단의 목표구조가 불일치할 때 자아고갈을 더욱 강하게 경험하였다. 셋째, 과제가치는 부적정서에 따른 자아고갈과 개인-집단 목표불일치에 따른 자아고갈 모두에서 조절효과를 가지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 학습자가 협력학습에서 자주 경험하는 부적정서와 개인과 집단의 목표지향 불일치가 실제로 자아고갈을 강화시키는 것을 확인하였다. 더불어 개인학습과 달리 협력학습에서 자아고갈에 대한 과제가치에 따른 효과를 분석하여 이에 대한 이해를 확장하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate ego depletion in collaborative learning. Through this, the researchers sought to increase understanding of the self-depletion that students experience in the field of university education where the proportion of collaborative learning is high. In Study 1, ego depletion induced within an individual was analyzed through negative emotions experienced in interaction with others. In Study 2, ego depletion induced between individuals was analyzed through the individual group goal incongruity. Also, by analyzing the moderating effect of task value, the difference between ego depletion in individual learning and collaborative learning was confirmed. It was conducted with 230 university students, and data from 183 students were used for the analysis. As a result, first, learners experience ego depletion more strongly when they experience negative emotions in collaborative learning. Second, learners experience more intense ego depletion when their goal orientation and the group goal structure were inconsistent in collaborative learning. Third, task value was found to have no moderating effect in both ego depletion due to negative emotions and ego depletion due to individual-group goal incongruity. It was confirmed that the negative emotions and individual-group goal incongruity frequently experienced in collaborative learning reinforce ego depletion. By analyzing the effect of task value, the understanding of ego depletion in collaborative learning was expanded.

소비자의 자아조절자원과 자기조절모드가 패션제품의 구매의도에 미치는 영향

백소라 ( So Ra Baek ),황선진 ( Sun Jin Hwang ) 대한가정학회 2015 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.53 No.5

This study examined the influence of self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory modes on fashion product purchase intention. Initial research design dealt with differences of the resource depletion effect according to self-regulatory modes. The study used a 2 (self-regulatory resource depletion: depletion/non-depletion) × 2 (regulatory mode: assessment mode/locomotion mode) between-subjects factorial design. Second, the research design empirically analyzed the influence of self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory mode on the fashion product purchase intention by each product group divided by type and involvement of fashion product. The subjects for the initial research were 255 university students in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Daejeon. The subjects for the second research were 873 university students in Seoul and Daejeon. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS statistical package with reliability analysis, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The resu ts were as follows. First, assessment-oriented consumers showed low purchase intentions about fashion products when self-regulatory resources were exhausted than when self-regulatory resource were not exhausted. Locomotion-oriented consumers, indicated no differences in purchase intention about fashion products regardless of self-regulatory resource depletion. Second, influences on purchase intention by self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory mode were different according to the fashion product group. The results of this study implied that strategies should be differentiated when establishing a fashion industry marketing strategy according to the self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory mode of consumers.

자기 통제와 자아 고갈이 대학생 음주자의 알코올 섭취에 미치는 영향

김예진,김호영 한국건강심리학회 2021 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.26 No.2

Many researchers have emphasized the importance of self-control in alcohol use and consumption, but there is a constant controversy about the role of self-control in the situation of ego depletion. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between self-control and alcohol intake by inducing ego depletion in a manner that suppresses the emotion in college students. A preliminary survey was conducted in 300 college students, and 40 students with high level of self-control and 38 students with low level of self-control were selected. They were assigned to either the depletion or non-depletion conditions by ensuring similarity between gender, age, grade, and drinking behavior(quantity, frequency, and speed). The results showed that the high self-control group consumed more alcohol in the depletion condition, which was significantly different from the non-depletion condition. On the other hand, the low self-control group consumed more alcohol in the non-depletion condition, but it was not significantly different from the depletion condition. Based on these findings, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed. 많은 연구자들이 알코올 사용에 있어 자기 통제력이 중요하다는 것에는 동의하지만 자아 고갈 상황에서도 자기 통제력이 보호 요인으로 작용하는가에 대한 논쟁은 계속되고 있다. 평소 음주 행동을 잘 조절하던 사람들도 자아 고갈 상황에서는 유혹에 취약해질 가능성이 있다는 주장이 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대학생 음주자들을 대상으로 정서를 억압하는 방식으로 유도된 자아 고갈 상황에서 자기 통제력과 알코올 섭취량의 관계를 탐색하였다. 전라북도 지역 대학생 300명을 대상으로 사전 설문을 시행하여 자기 통제 수준이 높은 집단 40명과 낮은 집단 38명을 선별하였으며 성별, 연령, 학년, 음주 행동을 유사하게 대응하여 각각 고갈 조건과 비고갈 조건에 동수로 할당하였다. 실험실에서 자아 고갈을 유도하기 위한 정서 억압 과제를 실시한 후 맥주를 섭취하고 그 맛을 평가하는 과제를 수행하게 하고 이때 섭취한 맥주량으로 실험참여자들의 알코올 섭취량을 측정하였다. 자기 통제 수준(고, 저)과 자아 고갈 조건(고갈, 비고갈)의 주효과와 상호작용효과 분석 결과, 자기 통제 수준과 자아 고갈 조건의 주효과는 유의하지 않았고, 상호작용효과는 유의하였다. 자기 통제 수준이 높은 경우 비고갈 조건 집단보다 고갈 조건 집단에서 알코올을 유의하게 더 많이 섭취하였다. 반면, 자기 통제 수준이 낮은 경우 고갈 조건 집단의 알코올 섭취량은 비고갈 조건 집단의 섭취량보다 오히려 다소 적었지만 유의한 차이는 아니었다. 이러한 결과는 특성 자기 통제 수준이 높은 사람들이 자아 고갈에 따른 과도한 알코올 사용에 취약할 가능성을 시사한다. 마지막으로 본 연구 결과의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

자아고갈 상태에서 동기가 통증반응에 미치는 영향: 냉압과제를 사용하여

김시온,진병주,김덕용,조성근 한국건강심리학회 2018 한국심리학회지 건강 Vol.23 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of motivation for a cold pressor task on the pain responses (tolerance, intensity, unpleasantness) in the state of ego depletion. This study was carried out employing 78 healthy female students attending the university in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. The results revealed a significant interaction between ego depletion and motivation for pain tolerance. Specifically, under conditions of high ego depletion, pain tolerance was significantly higher in the highly-motivated group than in the low-motivated group. The difference in pain tolerance was not significant regardless of the motivation group in the low ego depletion condition. The main effect of motivation on pain intensity was significant, indicating that the highly-motivated group reported a greater intensity of pain than the low-motivated group. On the other hand, the main effects of ego depletion and the interaction between ego depletion and motivation were not significant. For pain unpleasantness, the main effects of ego depletion and motivation and the interaction between ego depletion and motivation were not significant. These results suggest that the motivational context may play an important role in pain responses. 본 연구에서는 자아고갈 상태에서 냉압과제 수행동기가 통증반응(인내, 강도, 불쾌감)에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 했다. 본 연구는 대전광역시 소재 대학교에 재학 중인 건강한 여학생 78명을 대상으로 실시했다. 연구 결과, 통증인내에 대한 자아고갈과 동기의 상호작용이 유의했다. 구체적으로, 고-자아고갈 조건에서 고-동기 집단은 저-동기 집단에 비해 통증인내가 유의하게 더 높았고, 저-자아고갈 조건에서는 동기 집단에 상관없이 통증인내의 차이가 유의하지 않았다. 통증강도에 대한 동기의 주효과가 유의했고, 이는 고-동기 집단이 저-동기 집단보다 통증강도를 더 크게 보고했다는 것을 의미한다. 반면 자아고갈의 주효과, 자아고갈과 동기의 상호작용은 유의하지 않았다. 통증불쾌감에 대한 자아고갈과 동기의 주효과 및 상호작용은 유의하지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 통증반응에 있어 동기적 맥락이 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

자아조절자원이 미디어 멀티태스킹 이용 행태에 미치는 영향

김류원(Ryuwon Kim),정세훈(Se-Hoon Jeong) 한국언론학회 2020 한국언론학보 Vol.64 No.5

The present research examined the effects of self-regulatory resource depletion on media multitasking behavior based on information processing theory. The main goal of this study was to investigate the predictors and consequences of media multitasking behavior as a function of self-regulatory resource depletion. We specifically tested media multitasking frequency, motivation, contents and task performance under different levels of self-regulatory resources (non-depleted vs. depleted). We designed an experiment where fifty-two college students were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental conditions: a non-depletion condition or a depletion condition. Both groups used five different online contents (video, news article, web portal, and two different game websites) on a PC. Participants were instructed to switch freely among the five different types of contents as in a naturalistic setting because media users often engage in a type of multitasking where they switch between different tasks on a PC. The results showed that, first, the frequency of switching between contents was greater in the self-regulatory resource depleted group compared to the non-depleted group. Second, there were differences in the motivation for multitasking, which varied by the level of self-regulatory resources. Specifically, the major motivation for multitasking in the non-depleted group was cognitive motive (e.g., to obtain more information), whereas the major motivation for multitasking in the depleted group was entertainment motive (e.g., to avoid boredom). Third, these different motivations for multitasking led to differences in the use of content types when multitasking (informative vs. entertainment). Specifically, there was no difference in the use of informative contents (news and information search on web portal), whereas there was a difference in the use of entertainment contents (games), such that the resource depleted group used more entertainment content. Fourth, task performance for cognitive outcome (recognition memory) was higher in the non-depleted group than the depleted group, while task performance for entertainment outcome (game score) was higher in the depleted group than the non-depleted group. These results indicate that different motivations for media multitasking (information acquisition or entertainment seeking) could be activated according to the level of self-regulatory resources, and as a result of these different motivations, the types of media content used could vary when multitasking. Also, when self-regulatory resources are not depleted, information seeking multitasking may have positive cognitive outcomes. Previous research has suggested that media multitasking tends to have a negative impact on task performance, yet the findings of this research suggest that the effect of media multitasking might vary by the level of self-regulatory resources available at the time of media use.