Effects of Combine Exercise Training on Alanine Aminotransferase and Body Composition in Elderly Women

( Kyu Ho Lee ),( Na Young Ahn ),( Ki Jin Kim ) 한국체육학회 2016 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Purpose: Obesity is a risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Although the standard therapy for obesity involves physical exercise, well-planned studies of the changes in liver function in response to different exercise intensities in obese subjects are scarce. The purpose of the study is to analyze the difference of liver enzymes after combine exercise training (aerobic and resistance exercise) in elderly women. Method: 19 elderly women were randomized into two groups: combine exercise group (Comb-Ex: n=9) and control group (Control: n=10). Elderly women in combination group exercised for 60 min 4 times/week for a 12-week period. Subjects were measured body weight, body mass index, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Result: We found that combine exercise group showed significant decrease of alanine aminotransferase level (p<0.05), but no changed aspartate aminotransferase and body mass index. Especially, combine exercise group showed significant (p<0.05) decrease of alanine aminotransferase different values between body mass index different values after pre-post exercise. Conclusion: Therefore, this study demonstrated that combine exercise (aerobic and resistance exercise) is equally effective in reducing alanine aminotransferase in elderly women. However, combine exercise program of elderly women will have a positive effect in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases and liver enzyme level independent of body mass index.

Alanine aminotransferase 1 (OsAlaAT1) plays an essential role in the regulation of starch storage in rice endosperm

Yang, J.,Kim, S.R.,Lee, S.K.,Choi, H.,Jeon, J.S.,An, G. Elsevier Scientific Publishers Ireland Ltd 2015 Plant science Vol.240 No.-

<P>Alteration of storage substances, in particular the major storage form starch, leads to floury endosperm. Because floury mutants have physical attributes for milling processes, identification and characterization of those mutants are valuable. In this study we identified a floury endosperm mutant caused by a TDNA insertion in Oryza sativa alanine-aminotransferase1 (OsAlaAT1). OsAlaAT1 is localized in the cytosol and has aminotransferase enzyme activity. The osalaat1 mutant has less amylose and its amylopectin is structurally altered. OsAlaAT1 is predominantly expressed in developing seeds during active starch synthesis. AlaAT catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate to alanine, and this pathway is activated under low-oxygen conditions. Consistently, OsAlaAT1 is induced by such conditions. Expression of the starch synthesis genes AGPases, OsSSI, OsSSIIa, and OsPPDKB is decreased in the mutant. Thus, our observations suggest that OsAlaAT1 plays an essential role in starch synthesis in developing seeds that are exposed to low concentrations of oxygen. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

LC : Efficacy of Immunological Measurement of Aspartate/ Alanine Aminotransferase with Monoclonal Antibodies in the Prediction of Liver Fibrosis

( Ki Tae Suk ),( Yun Hyeong Lee ),( Eui Yul Choi ),( Dong Joon Kim ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background: Enzymatic evaluation of alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (AST/ALT) has been currently used and regarded as sensitive indicator of hepatocellular damage. However, enzymatic analysis does not exactly represent the progression of diseases in the patients with liver disease. Immunoassay methods have been suggested as one of the alternatives for the replacement or supplement of the conventional enzymatic analysis. Two forms of AST (cytoplasmic [c] AST and mitochondrial [m] AST) and 3 forms of ALT (ALT1, ALT2, and ALT2_2) have been identified. We evaluated the efficacy of immunoassay method in the prediction of liver fibrosis. Methods: A total of 219 patients with CHB who underwent HVPG and liver biopsy before antiviral therapy were recruited. Blood samples were collected during HVPG. For the evaluation of immunoassay, sandwich ELISA using fluorescence labeled monoclonal antibodies was used. Liver function test including enzymatic AST/ALT and immunological (c) AST, (m) AST, ALT1, ALT2 were checked and compared according to the stage of liver disease. Results: The mean levels of AST and ALT were 121±157 IU/L and 210±279 IU/L. Mean HVPG score of all patients was 4.7±2.5 mmHg. The distribution of the METAVIR fibrosis stages was as follows: F0=6 (3%), F1=52 (24%), F2=88 (40%), F3=45 (20%), and F4=28 (13%). According to the stage of liver fibrosis, HVPG score and mean levels of AST, mAST, ALT1, ALT1+ALT2, AST+cAST+Mast, and ALT+ALT1+ALT2 were significantly different. Mean levels of cAST+mAST, ALT1+ALT2, AST+cAST+mAST, and ALT+ALT1+ALT2 were significantly increased according to the METAVIR stage. Enzymatic AST/ALT level did not show the difference. Conclusions: Sandwich ELISA method for determining serum AST/ALT level showed positive correlation with the stage of liver fibrosis. Therefore, immunoassay method may be useful as a method to predict the stage of liver fibrosis.

Association of Consumption Level of Simple Sugar and Aspartate and Alanine Aminotransferase: A Cross Sectional Observational Study

( Tae Yang Jung ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Joo Hyun Sohn ),( Jae Yoon Jeong ),( Chang Hong Lee ),( Hye Jin Kang ),( Hyo Young Lee ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Simple sugar is spotlighted as an important causative factor of diabetes, hypertension, and other metabolic disease. But the rela- tion between consumption of simple sugar/fructose and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was inconclusive in recent two systematic reviews. So, we study the association of consumption level of simple sugar with aminotransferase activity and fatty liver in Korean. Methods: Four hundred two subjects were enrolled this study from health promotion center. 119 subjects were diagnosed by NAFLD, and 282 subjects were control. All NAFLD patients were diagnosed by ultrasonography within 3 months, alcohol consumption below 140 g/week (male), 70 g/week (female). Who have diabetes, viral hepatitis, other liver disease or metabolic disorders are excluded. Amount of simple sugar intake was assessed by validated questionnaire from Korea Food and Drug Administration. Results: Total simple sugar slightly high, but not significant between sonographic fatty liver and control group in men (43.63 ± 25.92 vs. 41.73 ± 30.89, p>0.05) and women (46.45 ± 28.93 vs. 42.30 ± 29.42, p>0.05). When the amount of simple sugar divided three groups and adjusted with age and body mass index, lower one third sugar intake group decreased risk of abnormal liver function up to 96% in men ( p for trend = 0.02). And lower one third sugar intake group decreased risk of abnormal liver function up to 65% in women (p for trend = 0.004). Middle one third intake group decreased risk of abnormal liver function up to 53%, 64% in men and women respectively.(p for trend = 0.002, 0.004 respectively). But amount of simple intake did not show any correlation with prevalence of NAFLD. Only amount of carbohydrate showed positive correlation with prevalence of NAFLD in men and women. Conclusions: Prevalence of abnormal ALT level was higher in high simple sugar intake group compare to low simple sugar group. But there is no association of the simple sugar and prevalence of NAFLD.

한국 성인남성에서 Lipid Accumulation Product 지수와 Alanine Aminotransferase와의 관련성

신경아 대한임상검사과학회 2017 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.49 No.4

The LAP (lipid accumulation product) index is an indicator of excessive fat accumulation in combination with the fasting triglyceride concentration and waist circumference. This study examined the relationship between the LAP index and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) level and the effect of the LAP index on the ALT level. Cross-sectional studies were conducted on healthy adult males without a history of liver disease. From January 2015 to June 2017, 13,854 adults between 20 and 70 years of age, who underwent health screening at a general hospital in Gyeonggi-do, were enrolled in this study. The LAP index was calculated as [waist circumference (cm)− 65]×[triglyceride (mmol/L)] for males. Serum ALT abnormalities were set at 40 IU/L or more in males. All subjects underwent measurements of the anthropometric indicators and physiological examinations. A significant increase in ALT with increasing LAP quintiles was observed (p <0.001). The LAP index correlated with ALT (r=0.238, p<0.001). Insulin (r=0.449, p<0.001) and HDL-cholesterol (r=−0.369, p<0.001) were strongly correlated with LAP. In addition, the LAP index is a factor affecting the ALT level (p<0.001). As the LAP index increased, the risk of an elevated ALT was higher (p<0.001). In conclusion, the LAP index was a predictor of an ALT elevation in Korean men. LAP 지수는 공복시 중성지방 농도와 허리둘레의 조합으로 과도한 지방축적을 평가하는 지표이다. 이 연구는 LAP 지수와 ALT간의 관련성과 LAP 지수가 ALT에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 간질환의 병력이 없는 건강한 성인남성을 대상으로 횡단면 연구를 실시하였다. 2015년 1월부터 2017년 6월까지 경기지역 종합병원에서 건강검진을 시행한 20세 이상 70세 이하의 성인 남성 13,854명을 연구 대상자로 하였다. LAP 지수는 남성의 경우 [허리둘레(cm)-65]×[중성지방(mmol/L)]으로 산출하였으며, 혈청 ALT 농도의 이상치는 남성 40 IU/L 이상인 경우를 기준으로 설정하였다. 모든 대상자들은 인체측정학적 지표와 생리학적 검사를 실시하였다. LAP 분위수가 증가할수록 ALT는 통계적으로 유의한 증가를 보였다(p<0.001). LAP 지수는 ALT 와 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.238, p<0.001), 특히 인슐린(r=0.449, p<0.001) 및 HDL-콜레스테롤(r=−0.369, p<0.001) 과 상관성이 높게 나타났다. 또한 LAP 지수는 ALT에 영향을 미치는 요인이었으며(p<0.001), LAP 지수가 높을수록 ALT가 상승할 위험이 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 결론적으로 LAP 지수는 한국 성인남성에서 ALT 상승을 예측하는 지표로 나타났다.

포스터발표 : 혈청 alanine aminotransferase와 r-glutamyltransferase 단계와 비알코올지방간의 연관성

오효정,손영우,최창수,조은영,김학철 대한간학회 2009 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.15 No.3(S)

Molecular cloning and characterization of two alanine aminotransferase genes in the white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera

Jin-Mei Fan,Pin-JunWan,Qiang Fu,Na Li,Li-Li Mu,Guo-Qing Li 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.3

Sogatella furcifera is a serious phloem-feeding pest of rice. Rice phloem sap cannot meet its nutrition requirementfor some essential amino acids. The yeast-like symbionts (YLSs) have been hypothesized to aid S. furcifera inamino acid metabolism to compensate for the unbalanced amino acid composition in the rice phloem. In thepresent paper, two full-length cDNAs of putative alanine aminotransferases (ALTs) were obtained fromS. furcifera. Sequence similarity and phylogenetic analysis suggested that one ALT came from the YLSs (SfylsALT)whereas the other ALT originated from S. furcifera (SfALT1). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chainreaction revealed that SfylsALT clearly had a high transcript level in the abdomen. In contrast, SfALT1 was broadlyexpressed in the head, wings, legs, thorax and abdomen. Since YLSs were distributed in the abdominal fat body,ovary and eggs, and were not located in the head, leg, thorax and wing, the tissue expression patterns alsosuggested that SfylsALT came fromthe YLSs' genome and SfALT1 was from the host.Moreover, the enzyme activitiesof Sf9 cell-expressed SfALT1 and SfylsALT proteins were tested in vitro. The isolated suspensions containingeither of the two proteins showed higher ALT activities than that fromblank cells or egfp-expressed cells. It seemsthat SfALT1 and SfylsALT encode functional alanine aminotransferases.

알라닌아미노전달효소가 상승된 만성간질환 환자에서 Biphenyl Dimethyl Dicarboxylate와 Ursodeoxycholic Acid의 유효성과 안정성을 평가하는 무작위배정, 이중맹검, 다기관 제4상 임상시험

이세환 ( Sae Hwan Lee ),천갑진 ( Gab Jin Cheon ),김홍수 ( Hong Soo Kim ),김영돈 ( Young Don Kim ),김상균 ( Sang Gyune Kim ),김영석 ( Young Seok Kim ),정승원 ( Soung Won Jeong ),장재영 ( Jae Young Jang ),김부성 ( Boo Sung Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2014 대한소화기학회지 Vol.64 No.1

목적: 지속적인 간세포 손상은 간 섬유화의 진행을 유도하여 궁극적으로 간경변증과 간세포암종과 같은 치명적인 합병증을 유발할 수 있다. 이 연구에서는 만성적으로 알라닌아미노 전달효소가 상승되어 있는 환자를 대상으로 DDB와 UDCA의 효과와 안전성을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 이 연구는 다기관, 무작위배정, 이중눈가림, 활성대조, 4상 임상시험으로 설계되었다. 피험자들은 24주간 하루에 DDB 750 mg 혹은 UDCA 300 mg을 투여받았다. 모두 135명의 환자가 임상시험에 배정되고 약물을 투약 받았으며 93명의 환자들은 비알코올 지방간질환 환자, 27명은 알코올성 간질환 환자, 15명은 만성간염으로 분류되었다. 이 연구의 일차 목적은 치료 종료 시점인 투약 후 24주에 알라닌아미노 전달효소가 정상화된 피험자의 분율이었으며 이차 목적으로 아스파르테이트아미노전달효소의 변화량과 변화율 및 간 탄성도 검사의 변화를 분석하였고 이상반응의 발생 유무를 관찰하였다. 결과: 모두 101명의 환자가 24주 간의 임상시험을 완결하였다. 알라닌아미노전달효소의 정상화 분율은 DDB군에서 80.0%였으며 UDCA군에서 34.8%였다(p<0.001). 기저치와 비교하여 24주째 알라닌아미노전달효소의 평균치의 변화는 DDB군에서 -70%였으며 UDCA군에서 -35.9%였다(p<0.001). 그러나 두 군 사이에 아스파르테이트아미노전달효소의 정상화 분율 (p=0.53)과 간 탄성도 검사의 변화율(p=0.703)은 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이가 없었다. 중증 이상약물반응이 DDB군의 1명에서 발생하였으나 약제 중단 없이 임상시험을 완결하였다. 결론: 알라닌아미노전달효소가 상승되어 있는 만성간질환 환자를 대상으로 한 24주간의 임상시험에서 DDB는 알라닌아미노전달효소의 정상화 효과가 뛰어났으며 UDCA에 비하여 그 효과와 안전성이 열등하지 않았다. Background/Aims: Chronic hepatocellular damage is closely associated with hepatic fibrosis and fatal complication in most liver diseases. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in patients with abnormal ALT. Methods: One-hundred thirty-five patients with elevated ALT were randomized to receive either 750 mg/day of DDB or 300 mg/day of UDCA for 24 weeks in 4 referral hospitals. Ninety-three (69%) patients had non alcoholic steatohepatitits, 27 (20%) had alcoholic hepatitis, and 15 (11%) had chronic hepatitis. The primary end point was the rate of ALT normalization at week 24. The secondary endpoints were changes in AST, liver stiffness, and the incidence of adverse events. Results: A total of 101 patients completed 24 weeks of therapy. ALT normalization at week 24 was observed in 44 (80.0%) patients in DDB group and 16 (34.8%) in UDCA group (p<0.001). Higher mean reduction of ALT levels from baseline to 24 weeks was seen in DDB group compared with UDCA group (-70.0% vs. -35.9%, p<0.001). Normalization of AST level (p=0.53) and change in the liver stiffness (p=0.703) were not significantly different between the two groups. Severe adverse drug reaction occurred in 1 patient in DDB group but the subject continued therapy during the study period. Conclusions: DDB was not inferior to UDCA for normalizing ALT level. Furthermore it was safe and well tolerated by patients with abnormal ALT. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2014;64:31-39)

사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에서의 효소 활성도의 변화로 본 홍화자 분획물의 간손상 보호 작용

정춘식,정기화,정정숙 德成女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1999 藥學論文誌 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구소에서는 사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에 대한 홍화자 메탄올 추출물과 이를 계통 분획한 분획물의 보호 효과를 이미 보고하였다. 본 실험에서는 혈장과 조직 생화학적 분석으로 홍화자 분획물의 간보호 효과를 확인하며, 간보호 작용에 대한 기전을 살펴보기 위하여 약물 대사 효소에 미치는 영향을 측정하였다. 홍화자 butanol subfractions 중 BS-5 분획물은 CCl_4로 간손상을 유발시킨 흰쥐에서의 혈장 ALT와 AST 활성과 간조직 중 cholesterol and triglyceride를 감소시켰으며, 이러한 BS-5 분획물의 CCl_4로 유발된 간손상에 대해 보호 작용은 cytochrome P450 감소와 glutathione S-transferase의 활성 증가에 기인된 것으로 생각된다. Previous studies have shown that methanol extract and its butanol fraction of Carthamus tinctorius L. Semen have the hepatoprotective effect on the CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity. The hepatoprotective effect of subfractions has been evaluated by analyzing blood and hepatocyte biochemical analyses and biotransformation enzyme analyses. Treatment of BS-5 subfraction has significantly decreased the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. In addition, the levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in liver have been decreased as compared with that of CCl_4 treated rats. The hepatoprotective effect of BS-5 subfraction on the CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity would be mediated of the attenuation of the level of cytochrome P450 and the enhancement of the activity of glutathion S-transferase.

Identification and Partial Characterization of an Alanine Aminotransferase Gene CsAlaAT2 in Response to Shade in Tea (Camellia sinensis)

Wang Jinhe,Chen Wenzhen,Li Yuanda,Zhao Xiuxiu,Xiang Qinzheng,Li Min 한국식물학회 2021 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.64 No.1

Alanine contributes to the taste and nutritional quality of tea and is an important member of alanine metabolism catalyzed by alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT, EC 2.6.1.2). However, the molecular mechanism underlying alanine metabolism in tea plants has not been fully elucidated. In this study, an increase in enzyme activity of AlaAT2 was detected in vitro, and the alanine aminotransferase activity was higher level in leaves than that in other tissues of tea plant, while the CsAlaAT2 transcription was high in leaves and root. Using phylogenetic analysis, an alanine aminotransferase gene CsAlaAT2 was identified as a member of group C, which was located in the mitochondrion. Additionally, the molecular mass of CsAlaAT2 protein was found to be approximately 53 kDa by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. The CsAlaAT2 expression level and the alanine content in photosynthetic tissues increased in response to the shade treatment. Furthermore, the involvement of CsAlaAT2 in alanine biosynthesis was confirmed based on transient suppression assays in tea leaves, and the alanine content and CsAlaAT2 transcript level decreased when CsAlaAT2 expression was suppressed in tea leaves. Thus, this study suggests that CsAlaAT2 is essential for the alanine metabolism in tea plants grown and its response to shade.