에어브러쉬를 이용한 색상, 구성, 질감의 표현기법

송원길(Won Kil Song),이현숙(Hyun Sook Lee),황보라(Bo Ra Hwang),차호연(Ho Yeon Cha),김기영(Ki Young Kim) 한국인체미용예술학회 2010 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Air brush is now not only in car painting but also in body- and nail-painting. So that, practical expression techniques of color, construction and texture in body painting and nail art were investigated by air brush. 6 Pieces of art work are prepared on mannequin and synthetic nail for expression of multi- and mono-color, pictorial technique (free-hand), abstractive motif presented stencils, visual textual and the tactual textual by air brush. In the result, first, airbrush can be used not only the expression of animal and leaves detail image with multi- or mono-color, but also mono color with smooth gradation can be expressed the image perfectly. Second, the feeling with existing picture of Marilyn Munroe and abstractive motif can be expressed by using of pictorial technique and graphic technique with prepared stencils. And separately presented picture was very detail and fine painted, but a assembly picture showed unbalance. Because the area of expressed work may be small and narrow. Third, the visual textual and the tactual textual were expressed and felt truly and realistically. In the conclusion, air brush may be useful tool for coloring, construction and texture expression technique in body painting and nail art.

에어브러쉬를 이용한 색상, 구성, 질감의 표현기법 —바디페인팅과 네일아트를 중심으로—

송원길,이현숙,황보라,차호연,김기영 한국인체미용예술학회 2010 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Air brush is now not only in car painting but also in body- and nail-painting. So that, practical expression techniques of color, construction and texture in body painting and nail art were investigated by air brush. 6 Pieces of art work are prepared on mannequin and synthetic nail for expression of multi- and mono-color, pictorial technique (free-hand), abstractive motif presented stencils, visual textual and the tactual textual by air brush. In the result, first, airbrush can be used not only the expression of animal and leaves detail image with multi- or mono-color, but also mono color with smooth gradation can be expressed the image perfectly. Second, the feeling with existing picture of Marilyn Munroe and abstractive motif can be expressed by using of pictorial technique and graphic technique with prepared stencils. And separately presented picture was very detail and fine painted, but a assembly picture showed unbalance. Because the area of expressed work may be small and narrow. Third, the visual textual and the tactual textual were expressed and felt truly and realistically. In the conclusion, air brush may be useful tool for coloring, construction and texture expression technique in body painting and nail art.

The efficacy of different implant surface decontamination methods using spectrophotometric analysis: an in vitro study

Roberto Gif,Davide Pietropaoli,Leonardo Mancini,Francesco Tarallo,Philipp Sahrmann,Enrico Marchetti 대한치주과학회 2023 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.53 No.4

Purpose: Various methods have been proposed to achieve the nearly complete decontamination of the surface of implants affected by peri-implantitis. We investigated the in vitro debridement efficiency of multiple decontamination methods (Gracey curettes [GC], glycine air-polishing [G-Air], erythritol air-polishing [E-Air] and titanium brushes [TiB]) using a novel spectrophotometric ink-model in 3 different bone defect settings (30°, 60°, and 90°). Methods: Forty-five dental implants were stained with indelible ink and mounted in resin models, which simulated standardised peri-implantitis defects with different bone defect angulations (30°, 60°, and 90°). After each run of instrumentation, the implants were removed from the resin model, and the ink was dissolved in ethanol (97%). A spectrophotometric analysis was performed to detect colour remnants in order to measure the cumulative uncleaned surface area of the implants. Scanning electron microscopy images were taken to assess micromorphological surface changes. Results: Generally, the 60° bone defects were the easiest to debride, and the 30° defects were the most difficult (ink absorption peak: 0.26±0.04 for 60° defects; 0.32±0.06 for 30° defects; 0.27±0.04 for 90° defects). The most effective debridement method was TiB, independently of the bone defect type (TiB vs. GC: P<0.0001; TiB vs. G-Air: P=0.0017; TiB vs. GE-Air: P=0.0007). GE-Air appeared to be the least efficient method for biofilm debridement. Conclusions: T-brushes seem to be a promising decontamination method compared to the other techniques, whereas G-Air was less aggressive on the implant surface. The use of a spectrophotometric model was shown to be a novel but promising assessment method for in vitro ink studies.

화장품 도포방법에 따른 피부 관리 전후의 상태 비교

장병수 ( Byung Soo Chang ),장아영 ( A Young Jang ),정다정 ( Da Jung Jung ) 대한미용학회 2018 대한미용학회지 Vol.14 No.2

In the present study, an attempt was made to compare and analyze the changes in facial skin condition after application of cosmetics using basic cosmetic application methods and air brush of modern women using a skin analyzer and a dermoscope. The results of facial skin moisture measurement showed that the control group and the experimental group maintained a sufficient moisture content in the foreheads, both cheeks and chin except the nose. According to the findings of skin sebum measurement, there was no significant change in the forehead, both cheeks and the chin of control group-1, and the nose decreased below normal after the experiment. The forehead, right cheek, and chin were normal in control group-2, and the nose increased from normal to above normal 4 weeks after the experiment. The forehead, left cheek, and chin of experimental group-1 increased to normal after the experiment, and the forehead, right cheek, nose and chin of experimental group-2 remained normal after the experiment. The results of pH measurement revealed that the forehead of the control group decreased from normal to below normal, while the remaining portion did not show any significant change. The experimental group-1 showed normal values in all portions and the experimental group-2 showed normal values in the nose and both cheeks. Dermoscopic studies showed that skin condition of the control group and the experimental group were different depending upon the concerned skin areas. The skin changes before and after the experiment turned out to be consistent with the result of the skin analysis using a skin analyzer. The experimental group showed an improvement in skin condition after the experiment. To sum up, skin care using air brush is effective for moisturizing as the fine particles ejected through the nozzle improve adhesion and durability to the skin. In order to maintain a balance between moisture and sebum in the skin, it is expected that our findings will be more effective if manual operation is performed after spraying with air brush.

논문 : 공기-브러쉬와 폭약 세척 방법에 의한 암반관정의 세척 효과 검증

이정환 ( Jeong Hwan Lee ),함세영 ( Se Yeong Hamm ),한석종 ( Suk Jong Han ),옥순일 ( Soon Il Ok ),차은지 ( Eun Jee Cha ),조희남 ( Heuy Nam Cho ),추창오 ( Chang Oh Choo ),김무진 ( Moo Jin Kim ) 대한지질공학회 2011 지질공학 Vol.21 No.4

공막힘에 의해 지하수 채수량이 감소되고 수질이 저하된 관정을 여러 가지 세척 방법으로 재생시켜 주면 관정의 지하수 산출량과 수질을 개선시킬 수 있으며, 관정의 수명도 연장시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 부산광역시 금정산에 위치하는 2개의 암반관정에 대하여 폭약을 이용한 방법과 공기-브러쉬를 이용하여 막힘 관정을 세척하고 세척효과를 수리시험, 수질 분석 및 지구물리검층(광학영상 촬영과 초음파영상 촬영)에 의해서 확인하였다. 공기-브러쉬 세척 방법에 의해서는 세척 후에 비양수량이 최대 약 273%까지 증가하였으며, 세척 후의 지하수 수질을 보면 F-, SiO2가 증가하고, Cl-, NO3-, 탁도는 감소하였다. 폭약 방법을 이용한 결과 세척 전보다 후에 비양수량이 최대 약 156% 증가되었으며, 세척 시간이 경과하면서 F- 와 SiO2 농도는 증가하였고, Cl-, NO3-, 농도와 탁도는 감소하였다. The application of appropriate rehabilitation works can improve productivity and water quality of clogged wells, with extending the operation of the wells for a certain period. This study verified rehabilitation effect of the clogged wells by means of explosive method and air brush surging and by using hydraulic tests, water quality, and geophysical logs (optical and acoustic televiewer logs) before and after the cleaning works on the two wells drilled in bedrock in Mt. Geumjeong, Busan City. Air-brush surging method resulted in maximum 273% increase of the productivity with the concentration of F-, SiO2, and a decrease of turbidity and the concentration of C1-, NO3-. The explosive method resulted in maximum 156% increase of the productivity with an increase of the concentration of F-, SiO2 and a decrease of turbidity, Cl-, NO3-.

공극의 시간변화를 고려한 3 상 BLDC 모터의 동특성 해석

박기선(Kisun Park),임형빈(Hyungbin Im),정진태(Jintai Chung) 대한기계학회 2009 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.33 No.10

In this study, vibrations of an electric motor are analyzed when the motor has the interaction between mechanical and electromagnetic behaviors. For this vibration analysis a 3-phase 8-pole brushless DC motor is selected. Vibrations of the motor are influenced by coupled electromechanical characteristics. The variation of air-gap induced by vibration has an influence on the inductance of the motor coil. To analyze dynamic characteristics of the rotor, we studied inductance by the variation of an air-gap. After obtaining the kinetic, potential and magnetic energies for the motor, the equations of motion are derived by using Lagrange’s equation. By applying the Newmark time integration method to the equations, the dynamic responses for the displacements and currents are computed.

〈논문〉 기전 연성 효과를 고려한 전기모터의 진동해석

임형빈(Hyungbin Im),정진태(Jintai Chung) 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.11

In this study, the vibration of an electric motor is analyzed when mechanical and electromagnetic interaction is considered. After obtaining the kinetic, potential and magnetic energies for the motor, the equations of motion are derived by using Lagrange’s equation. These equations are nonlinear equations in which the displacement of motor center and the current of coil are coupled to each other. By applying the Newmark time integration method to the equations, the dynamic responses for the displacement and current are computed. It is found that the mechanical responses are influenced by the electromagnetic properties. In particular, it is shown that the variation of air-gap due to vibration induces the inductance of the motor coil.

세화를 활용한 네일아트의 조형성에 관한 연구 에어브러시(air brush) 작품을 중심으로

김신희 ( Shin Hee Kim ),정연자(교신) ( Yeon Ja Jung ) 한국동양예술학회 2013 동양예술 Vol.22 No.-

This paper tried to express the creative and unique formativeness harmonized with modernity by creating the unique formative beauty contained in the traditional folk painting of Korea using air brush techniques, as the creative and dynamic work. The analysis on the production of works based on the literature review, theoretic review and empirical analysis were implemented as the methodology. The air brush technique was used for the empirical analysis on the works. The motives as the materials were flowers, birds, tigers and carps of Korea among folk painting materials. Those motives were expressed using the air brush technique. The analysis results are described below. First, the fixed frame was intentionally emphasized by focusing on the meaning of the formative symbolism through the analysis on the spacial structure in the works. For the spacial structure in a tiger drawing, an oval arrangement, S-shape structure for themes, density and expandibility of space depending on the angle of view were identified. Encroaching into a screen was emphasized by arranging a tiger in the center. Second, the intentional repetition of themes in Morando(peony drawing) expressed the materialized formative features expressing the emotion of symbols rather than the creative structure of a realistic and natural individual. Next, the vertical, horizontal and streamlined complexity was expressed in Hwajodo(drawing on flowers and birds) by coloring without blank which tended to emphasize the symbolism of each object and be slightly decorative.

LCD 제조공정에서 물리적 세정법의 미립자 제거효율 비교 연구

박창범(Park, Chang-Beom),이승준(Yi, Seung-Jun),장인성(Chang, In-Soung) 한국산학기술학회 2010 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.3

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 제조기술이 발전함에 따라 유리기판은 점차 대형화되는 추세이고 제조공정도 세밀화되어 감에 따라 LCD 제조과정에서 세정공정의 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 물리적 세정방법 중 브 러쉬 (brush), 버블제트 (bubble jet) 및 이류체 (aqua/air) 세정법을 이용하여 미립자 (particles) 제거효율을 비교 평가하 였다. 7세대 LCD 유리기판 (1875 mm × 2200 mm)을 대상으로 초순수 (deionized water)의 유량 및 압력 변화와 브 러쉬의 모(毛)와 유리기판과의 접촉깊이 (contact depth) 등의 운전조건 변화를 통하여 미립자의 제거효율을 비교하였 고 각 세정법에 의한 유의차 분석을 통해 향후 세정장비 개발에 유용한 자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 브러쉬 세정의 경 우 브러쉬 접촉깊이에 변화를 주었을 때 임계점부터는 세정효율에 유의차가 크지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 버블제트 세 정은 압력변화에 따른 세정력 유의차가 거의 없음을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 이류체 세정은 압력변화시 임계점까지는 세 정력 유의차가 존재하나 임계점 이후부터는 유의차가 발생하지 않았다. 상기 3가지 세정방법 중 브러쉬 세정이 주어 진 조건에서는 세정효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. As the fabrication technology of LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays) advances, the size of mother glass substrates is getting larger, and the fabrication process is becoming finer. Accordingly, the importance of cleaning processes grows in the fabrication process of LCDs. In this study, we have compared and evaluated the particle removal efficiency for three different methods of physical cleaning, which are brush, bubble jet, and aqua/air cleaning. Using the seventh generation glass substrate, the particle removal efficiency has been investigated by changing operation conditions such as a flow rate of deionized water, pressure, contact depth between a brush bristle and a glass substrate, and so forth. In the case of brush cleaning, the cleaning efficiency barely changes after a critical point when the contact depth is varied. While the cleaning efficiency of bubble jet cleaning is almost independent of pressure, that of aqua/air cleaning is affected by pressure up to a critical point, but is not changed after it. We note the brush cleaning is the most effective among the three cleaning methods under our experimental conditions.

A novel electrostatic precipitator-type small air purifier with a carbon fiber ionizer and an activated carbon fiber filter

Kim, Myungjoon,Lim, Gi-Taek,Kim, Yong-Jin,Han, Bangwoo,Woo, Chang Gyu,Kim, Hak-Joon Elsevier 2018 Journal of aerosol science Vol.117 No.-

<P>We developed and investigated the air cleaning performance of a novel electrostatic precipitator (ESP)-type small air purifier with a carbon brush ionizer and an activated carbon fiber (ACF) filter. This version had a high particle charging rate and a low ozone emission rate. Applying a negative voltage of 10 kV to the carbon brush ionizer increased the single-pass particle collection efficiency of 0.3-mu m particles from 17.8% to 47.1%. The flow rate was maintained at 362 L/min, and the efficiency increased to 64.2% as we applied a negative voltage to the collection stage and increased the voltage to 10 kV. This was relatively low when compared to a market-leading commercial HEPA filter-type small air purifier (80.7%). However, our novel purifier showed a particle clean air delivery rate (CADR) of 0.31 m(3)/min, approximately a 1.7 times higher than that for the commercial purifier (0.18 m(3)/min) due to its high flow rate and low pressure drop. We measured the gas removal efficiency in a 1-m(3) test chamber with acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and ammonia; after 30 min of operation, the results were 97.9%, 92.4%, and 87.8% for the novel purifier and 95.2%, 65.4%, and 57.9% for the commercial purifier, respectively. The ozone concentration was measured in a closed test chamber (30.4 m(3)) over 15 h of continuous operation, and it showed a maximum value of 2.5 ppb, much lower than the current standard for ESPs (50 ppb).</P>