다발성 외상환자의 동반흉부손상 진단시 복부/골반 CT 촬영의 유용성

박상오 ( Sang O Park ),송형곤 ( Hyoung Gon Song ),심민섭 ( Min Seob Sim ),정연권 ( Yeon Kwon Jeong ),최필조 ( Pil Cho Choi ) 대한외상학회 2004 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Background: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the Abdomen/Pelvis CT scan for diagnosis of additional thorax injuries in multiple trauma patients. Methods: This study was conducted with 143 multiple trauma patients who visited on the emergency department of Samsung Medical Center, from May. 1997 to Apr. 2004. We reviewed and analysed medical record, the result of their Chest AP view, abdomen/pelvis and Chest CT scan, retrospectively. Results: For 143 abdomen/pelvis injury patients, 84 patients (58.7%) were identified as having additional thorax injuries by Chest CT scans. Detection rate of rib fractures and pulmonary contusions were no difference between Chest AP view and Abdomen/Pelvis CT scan. But Abdomen/Pelvis CT scan had more effective detection rate than Chest AP view in pneumothoraces (15.9% Vs 93.6%) and hemothorace(69.2% Vs 92.3%). Conclusions: Abdomen/Pelvis CT scan provided more important information than Chest AP view for the diagnosis of the thoracic traumas that often missed on initial evaluation in multiple trauma patients. Among the thoracic injuries, pneumothoraces and hemothoraces can be highly detected in Abdomen/Pelvis CT scan.

영유아 환자 위장관 응급 질환의 영상 소견

김지영 대한영상의학회 2020 대한영상의학회지 Vol.81 No.4

Acute abdomen is a condition with sudden abdominal pain that may require immediate surgical treatment. The causes of acute abdomen in pediatric patients are diverse, and can be categorized in broad range from diseases requiring surgery to diseases requiring medication or clinical observation only. The role of the imaging study in children with acute abdomen is to distinguish between patients who need medication and patients who need surgery by identifying diseases that cause abdominal pain, if possible. Since intussusception and appendicitis are the leading causes of acute abdomen requiring surgical treatment in children, it is important to exclude intussusception in young infants complaining of acute abdominal pain and exclude acute appendicitis in older children with acute abdomen. In this paper, we introduce intussusception, acute appendicitis, midgut volvulus, Meckel’s diverticulum and duplication cyst, which has characteristic imaging finding of the disease that can cause acute abdomen in pediatric patients. 급성 복증(acute abdomen)은 갑자기 발생하는 심한 복부 통증으로 즉각적인 수술적 치료를 필요로 할 수도 있는 상태를 말한다. 소아 환자의 급성 복증의 원인은 다양하며, 수술적 치료를 해야 하는 질환부터 투약 치료를 받아야 하거나 임상적 관찰 만을 요하는 질환까지 다양하게 분류될 수 있다. 이러한 급성 복증의 환자에서 영상 검사의 역할은 가능하다면 복통의 원인이 되는 질환을 밝혀서 수술적 치료를 해야 하는 환자와 투약 치료를 해야 하는 환자를 구분해 주는 것이다. 장중첩증과 충수돌기염이 소아 환자에서 수술적 치료를 필요로 하는급성 복증의 가장 흔한 원인 질환이므로, 급성 복통을 호소하는 영아에서는 장중첩증을, 좀더 나이가 많은 소아에서는 충수돌기염을 영상 검사를 이용해 배제해 주는 것이 중요하다. 이 논문에서는 영유아 환자의 급성 복통을 유발할 수 있는 질환 중 특징적 영상 소견을 보이는 장중첩증, 충수돌기염, 중장 염전, 메켈 게실 및 중복낭종에 대해 소개하고자 한다

Computed Tomography를 이용한 Fat Amount Ratio 측정 시 호흡 표준화에 대한 연구

김서현(Seo Hyeon Kim),유지은(Ji Eun You),권순안(Sun Ahn Kwon),민관홍(Kwan Hong Min) 대한CT영상기술학회 2016 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose : To suggests the standardization of respiratory function and how Abdomen Fat CT examination influences on the diagnosis of obesity variation depending on respiration. Materials and methods : The target was 40 adults of Abdomen Fat CT examination was performed among the adults visited the above hospital for March 2015 ~ May 2015. Experimental group was divided into 4 subgroups according to Body Mass Index (BMI) to scan the inspiration image and expiration image for 2 times of Fat CT with CT such as Brilliance iCT(256 slice MDCT, Philips healthcare, Cleveland, OH, USA) and to let the subgroups breath from the abdomen. For the examination, the author lets scan covered L4~6 on the basis of Umbilicus and estimated BMI with Aquarius iNtuition Version 4.4(A workstation) and IntelliSpace Portal(ISP) Version 4.0(B workstation) to calculated VFA, VFA, VSR (Visceral vs. Subcutaneous Fat Rate). Also, the author compared and analyzed the images with a statistic program such as SPSS/WIN 21.0 and T-test, and determined that the result related to the images were significant statistically in case the result was p<0.5. Results 1. A workstation : In underweight group, VFA reduced 21.9±17.8㎠ (21.9±13.9%)(p<0.05). SFA increased -3.2±8.3㎠ (3.8±9.3%), the difference was not significant, VSR decreased 0.28 ±0.26㎠ (23.9±16.9%)(p<0.05). In normal weight group, VFA decreased 21.7±7.1㎠ (19.4± 8.4%)(p<0.05), SFA increased -1.5±6.4㎠ (1.3±8.9%), the difference was not significant, VSR decreased 0.21±0.1㎠ (21.4±9.2%) (p<0.05).In overweight group, VFA decreased 21.2±21.9 ㎠(15.2±16.2%)(p<0.05), SFA increased -0.4±3.5㎠(0.1±3.1%), VSR decreased 0.16±0.22㎠ (14.9±18.3%), the difference was not significant. In obesity and extreme obesity group, VFA decreased 25.7±21.3㎠ (14.8±11.9%)(p<0.001), SFA increased -0.7±7.7㎠ (0.6±3.3%), the difference was not significant, VSR decreased 0.17±0.15㎠ (15.1±13.2%)(p<0.001). 2. B workstation : In underweight group, VFA decreased 43.9±40.5cc (24.4±13.3%)(p<0.05), SFA increased -9.5±8.7cc (4.2±3.1%), the difference was not significant, VSR decreased 0.28 ±0.27cc (27.2±14.7%)(p<0.05). In normal weight group, VFA decreased 47.0±12.9cc(22.9 ±6.7%)(p<0.05), SFA increased -12.2±3.3cc (3.9±0.9%), the difference was significant, VSR decreased 0.23±0.14cc (23.5±7.5%)(p<0.05).In overweight group, VFA decreased 49.4±36.8cc (19.0±12.8%)(p<0.001), SFA increased -15.5±6.9cc (5.4±4.3%) (p<0.01), VSR decreased 0.20 ±0.15cc (23.0±12.8%)(p<0.01).In obesity and extreme obesity group, VFA decreased 58.0 ±49.9cc (16.4±10.9%)(p<0.05), SFA increased -10.7±16.2cc (2.6±2.9%) (p<0.001), VSR decreased 0.18±0.15cc (18.4±12.1%)(p<0.001). Conclusion : In estimating BMI of profile images for 4 groups in accordance with BMI, VFA showed a significant percentage as 18.4% (p<0.05), and SFA showed an insignificant percentage as 1.45% during inspiration period and expiration period. In estimating BMI of volume image, VFA showed a significant percentage as 20.7% (p<0.05), and SFA showed 2 insignificant percentages as 4.2% and 3.9%, respectively, in underweight group and normal weight group during inspiration period and expiration period. Also, in overweight group and extreme obesity group, VFA and SFA showed 2 insignificant percentages as 5.4% and 2.6%, respectively, during inspiration period and expiration period (p<0.01). In estimating BMI with Abdomen Fat CT, VFA was more decreased during expiration period than during inspiration period. Therefore, the standardization of respiratory function is required by all means for exact BMI estimation. 목적 : Abdomen Fat CT 검사시 호흡에 따른 비만도 변화가 진단에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 호흡 조절의 표준화를 제시하고자 한다. 대상및방법 : 2015년 3월부터 5월까지 본원을 내원한 환자 중 Abdomen Fat CT를 시행한 성인 40명을 대상으로 하였다. CT장비는 Brilliance iCT(256 slice MDCT, Philips healthcare, Cleveland, OH, USA)를 이용하여,실험 대상군을체질량 지수(Body mass Index, 이하 BMI)에 따라 4개의 군으로 나누고 호흡 유형은 복식호흡으로 흡기와 호기 두번의 Fat CT를 시행하였다. scan 범위는 Umbilicus를 중심으로 L4~5로 하고, 각각의 scan한 영상은 Aquarius iNtuition Version 4.4(이하 A workstation)와 IntelliSpace Portal(ISP) Version 4.0(이하 B workstation)을 사용하여 비만도를 측정하였다. 측정 방법은A workstation 을 이용하여 1장의 단면 영상으로, B workstation 을 이용하여 8장의 volume영상으로 만들어Hounsfield number -250 ~ -50에 속하는 총 복부 지방면적(total abdominal fat area)을 복부와 배부의 복막을 경계로 안쪽을 내장 지방 조직(visceral fat tissue), 바깥쪽을 피하 지방 조직(subcutaneous fat tissue)으로 나누어 내장지방면적(Visceral Fat Area : VFA), 피하지방면적(Subcutaneous Fat Area : SFA)을 측정하였고, 측정한 값들을 이용하여 내장지방/피하지방 면적 비(Visceral-Subcutaneous Fat Ratio, 이하VSR)를 계산하였다. 그리고 통계 프로그램 SPSSWIN 21.0와 T-test를 이용하여 비교 분석 하였으며, p<0.5인 경우에 통계적으로 유의 하다고 판정하였다. 결과 : 1. A workstation : 저체중 군에서 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 21.9±17.8㎠, 21.9±13.9% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). SFA는평균면적 -3.2±8.3㎠, 3.8±9.3% 증가로 유의한 차이가 없었고, VSR은 0.28±0.26, 23.9±16.9% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 정상 체중 군에서는 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 21.7±7.1㎠, 19.4±8.4% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.05), SFA는 -1.5±6.4㎠, 1.3±8.9% 증가로 유의한 차이가 없었고, VSR 은 0.21±0.1,21.4±9.2% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05).과 체중 군에서 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 21.2±21.9㎠, 15.2±16.2% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.05),SFA는 평균면적 -0.4±3.5㎠, 0.1±3.1% 증가, VSR은 0.16±0.22, 14.9±18.3% 감소로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 비만 및 고도비만 군에서는 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 25.7±21.3㎠, 14.8±11.9% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.001), SFA는 -0.7±7.7㎠, 0.6±3.3% 증가로 유의한 차이가 없었으며 VSR 은 0.17±0.15, 15.1±13.2% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 2. B workstation : 저 체중 군에서 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 43.9±40.5cc, 24.4±13.3% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). SFA는 평균면적 -9.5±8.7cc, 4.2±3.1% 증가로 유의한 차이가 없었고, VSR은 0.28±0.27, 27.2±14.7% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 정상 체중 군에서는 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 47.0±12.9cc, 22.9±6.7% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.05), SFA는 -12.2±3.3cc, 3.9±0.9% 증가로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. VSR 은 0.23±0.14,23.5±7.5% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05).과 체중 군에서 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 49.4±36.8cc, 19.0±12.8% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). SFA는 -15.5±6.9cc, 5.4±4.3% 증가(p<0.01), VSR은 0.20±0.15, 23.0±12.8% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 비만 및 고도비만 군에서는 VFA는 흡기보다 호기에서 평균면적 58.0±49.9cc,16.4±10.9% 감소로 유의한차이가 있었고(p<0.05), SFA는 -10.7±16.2cc, 2.6±2.9% 증가(p<0.001), VSR 은 0.18±0.15, 18.4±12.1% 감소로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 결론 : BMI에 따른 4개의 군에서 단면 영상의 비만도 측정은 흡기와 호기의 VFA가 18.4%로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.05), SFA는 1.45%로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 볼륨 영상의 비만도 측정은 VFA가20.7%로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<0.05), SFA는 저 체중 군과 정상 체중 군에서는 4.2%와 3.9%로 유의한 차이가 없었으나 과 체중과 비만 및 고도비만 군에서는 5.4%와 2.6%로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). Abdomen Fat CT를 이용한 비만도 측정에서 흡기시호기보다 내장지방면적이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 정확한 비만도 측정을 위해서는 호흡의 표준화가 반드시 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

비외상성 복통으로 응급실에 내원한 가임기 여성에서 검사실 결과가 정상인 경우 외과적 복증 감별 인자에 대한 분석

송형준,이준희 대한응급의학회 2017 大韓應急醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.6

Purpose: Acute abdomen in women of childbearing age has a broad differential diagnosis, often presenting a diagnostic challenge to an emergency physician. Computed tomography (CT) has been used for an accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment of acute abdomen. On the other hand, the increasing use of CT has been a subject of concern for patients, particularly women of childbearing age, due to the potential risk of radiation exposure. This study analyzed the efficacy of various physical examinations for detecting surgical acute abdomen in women of childbearing age who presented with non-traumatic abdominal pain in the absence of laboratory abnormalities. Methods: The charts and CT reports of women, aged 15-35 years old, who visited our ED for non-traumatic abdominal pain between May 2011 and April 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with chronic abdominal disease, pregnancy, recent abdominal surgery within one month, and abnormal laboratory tests were excluded. Results: In total, 121 patients were identified, of which 34 patients fell into a group that required surgical intervention (surgical acute abdomen group). The remaining 87 patients were managed conservatively without surgical intervention (non-surgical acute abdomen group). The maximal tenderness point (p=0.006), rebound tenderness (p=0.001), shorter duration of abdominal pain (p<0.001), and absence of diarrhea (p=0.001) were statistically significant for predicting the need for surgical intervention. Conclusion: In the absence of abnormal laboratory studies, the hypogastrium tenderness point, rebound tenderness, duration of abdominal pain, and diarrhea were found to be independently valid factors for detecting surgical acute abdomen in women of childbearing age who presented with non-traumatic abdominal pain.

[FCT 10] Selective non-contact radiofrequency device improving contouring of the abdomen

( Young Jae Kim ),( Sun Young Choi ),( Woo Jin Lee ),( Sung Eun Chang ),( Mi Woo Lee ),( Jee Ho Choi ),( Chong Hyun Won ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1

Background : This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of selective non-contact RF device for the improvement of contouring of the abdomen in Asian. Methods: A total of 24 Asian subjects with significant subcutaneous fat tissue on the abdomen and love handles were enrolled in this prospective clinical study. Subjects were received six weekly 45-minute treatment with selective non-contact RF device to abdomen and love handles. A subset of 15 subjects was selected to perform abdominal CT for fat volume measurement. Results: Twenty-four subjects (21 female, 3 male) completed this study with 8 weeks follow-up period. The average decrease in the abdominal circumference at 4 and 8 weeks after last treatment were respectively 3.48 ± 2.11 cm (p<0.001), and 5.12 ± 0.47 cm (p<0.001). The average decrease in the thickness of abdomen at 4 and 8 weeks after last treatment were respectively 0.27 ± 0.61 cm (p=0.041), and 0.47 ± 0.60 cm (p=0.001). The average decrease in the depth of subcutaneous fat tissue at 4 and 8 weeks after last treatment were respectively 0.16 ± 0.43 cm (p=0.091) and 0.34 ± 0.39 cm (p<0.001). However, there was no significant change in the volume of subcutaneous fat tissue. The mean heat perception level was 2.24 and the mean pain score was 0.74. Conclusion: Selective non-contact RF appears to be an effective and safe treatment device for the improvement of contouring of the abdomen.

Safety Assessment of Insulin Injection into Subcutaneous Tissue of the Abdomen Using Skin-Subcutaneous Fat Thickness Measurement in Diabetes during Pregnancy

Hwang MS 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): Although insulin is usually injected into the abdominal subcutaneous fat in the patients with diabetes mellitus, pregnant women tend to avoid injecting it on their abdomen due to a concern about fetal damage in the abdomen. This research aims to identify which site would be relatively safe for insulin injection during pregnancy, using measurement of the skin-subcutaneous fat thickness (S-ScFT) of pregnant women. Method(s): The study included 142 normal pregnant women with over 24 weeks’ pregnancy. A total of 262 S-ScFT were measured at 12 sites on the participants’ abdomens using ultrasound. Result(s): The mean S-ScFT during pregnancy was 1.14±0.47cm (1.25±0.54cm in the 24+0~27+6 weeks’ pregnancy; 1.17±0.48 cm in the 28+0~31+6 weeks’ pregnancy; 1.09+0.40 cm in the 32+0~35+6 weeks’ pregnancy; 1.06±0.47 cm in the 36+0~40 weeks’ pregnancy). Most S-ScFT were thicker than 10mm. But S-ScFT in some sites were less than 6mm,and especially low body weight group showed high rate in S-ScFT less than 6mm(33.9%). The factors affecting the abdominal S-ScFT were BMI, estimated fetal weight, drinking, regularity of menstruation, health insurance type and age, and the explanation power was 30.4%. Conclusion(s): Whole abdomen seems to be appropriate for insulin injection in most diabetic pregnant with a 4-5mm short needle. However, making the skin fold might be needed in some pregnant women with low body weight for safety.

판소리 광대의 호흡법 연구

김정태 판소리학회 2009 판소리연구 Vol.28 No.-

판소리 예술의 깊은 내면세계와 미학적 가치를 규명하기 위해서는 음악연구가 많이 이루어져야 한다. 판소리의 음악적 측면 즉, 성악(聲樂)의 관점에서 접근한다면 판소리 광대의 호흡법과 발성법의 연구가 먼저 깊이 있게 연구해야 한다. 따라서 본고는 판소리 광대의 호흡을 이해하고자 호흡의 원리와 좋은 호흡의 요건을 알아보았다. 그리고 판소리 광대의 호흡의 응용에서는 호흡과 발성, 호흡과 장단, 호흡과 공력의 관계를 알아보았다. 판소리 광대가 갖춰야 할 좋은 호흡의 요건은 짧은 순간에 깊게 들이마시고 길게 내쉴 수 있는 호흡, 적은 양의 숨으로 맑고 우렁찬 소리를 낼 수 있는 호흡, 일정량의 숨을 골반에 머금어서 호흡을 지탱하고 조절할 수 있는 호흡이어야 한다. 판소리 광대의 호흡은 발성의 에너지이자 핵심요소이다. 판소리 광대의 호흡은 단전에 기(氣)를 모아 그 힘을 바탕으로 발성한다. 호흡의 응용 없이 소리만 크게 지르다 보면 성대가 상하여 음색이 어두워지며, 소리가 모아지지 않아 퍼진 소리가 되기 쉽다. 호흡으로 소리하게 되면 성대의 부담을 덜어주게 되어 소리가 맑아진다. 호흡으로 소리하는 것은 호흡의 에너지를 소리에너지로 바꾸는 것이다. 즉, 호흡 위에 소리를 실어 보내는 것을 의미한다. 이를 위해서는 입과 목, 어깨의 힘을 빼고 목구멍(咽喉)이 활짝 열려서 숨이 자유자재로 드나드는 상태여야 한다. 이때 들이마신 공기의 압력으로 배(腹)를 쳐서 그 공명이 척추를 지나 후두를 통해서 발성된다. 호흡으로 소리하는 구체적인 증거는 목구멍소리(喉音)인 ‘ㅎ’과 모음소리가 결합된 ‘하/후/호/허/흐/히’ 같은 소리가 발성되거나 목을 열고 발음하는 모음인 ‘우/오’로 발성되기도 한다. 판소리 광대의 호흡과 장단은 장단위에 사설을 얹혀 놓는 양상인 붙임새와 밀접한 관계에 있다. 판소리 장단은 각각의 호흡구조가 있다. 중머리는 기본 호흡의 장단으로 보통 걸음걸이의 빠르기이다. 대개 1박에서 9박까지 소리를 하고 10박에서 12박까지는 숨을 풀어준다. 하지만 10/11/12박에 소리가 있을 때는 3박 이나 5박에서 숨을 쉰다. 진양조장단의 호흡은 크게 두 유형이 있다. 1박에서 4박까지 소리가 진행되고 5․6박은 쉬는 유형과 1박에서 2박까지 소리가 진행되고 숨을 들이마신 후 3박에서 6박까지 소리가 진행되는 유형이 그것이다. 자진머리는 붙임새가 가장 다양한 장단으로 도둑숨을 쉬는 경우가 많다. 판소리 광대의 호흡과 공력은 단전의 뱃심과 성대조절, 입모양을 통하여 표현된다. 이때의 뱃심은 호흡의 압력으로 소리의 힘을 조절하는 능력이다. 즉, 단전에서 힘을 지탱하는 정도와 성대조절, 입모양이 호흡의 균형을 얼마나 이루느냐에 있다. 아무리 뱃심(공력)이 좋아도 목(발성법)을 쓸 줄 모르면 성음놀음이 어렵고, 또 아무리 목을 쓸 줄 알아도 뱃심이 부족하면 제대로 소리를 하기 어렵다. We should conduct many musical studies to find out the inner world and aesthetic value of Pansori, for the bases of which researches on Pansori performer's breathing and vocalization are necessary. However there are few research papers on Pansori performer's breathing and vocalization at this moment. This thesis aims to explore the principles and good conditions of breathing in Pansori. The study examines the relationship between breathing and vocalization, breathing and rhythm, breathing and elaboration in regard with applied breathing. The essential conditions of good breathing are to breathe in for a short moment and breathe out a long breath, to make a clear and resonant sound and to maintain and control the breath with a certain amount of air in the pelvis. Pansori performer's breathing and vocalization is made based on the power which is concentrated in the lower part of abdomen. Just shouting aloud without understanding of good breathing tends to injure the voice, which makes dark and echoed sound. Breathing is energy and key factor of vocalization. Making sound by breathing is to change breath energy to sound energy. In other words, it is to load breath with sound, for which throat should be fully open so that breath comes in and out freely. At this moment the sound is articulated as a glottal sound through the throat over spine by air force in the abdomen. The specific evidence for making a sound by breathing is that sounds such as ‘ha/hu/ho/he/hi/’ is articulated, which are combined with glottal sound ‘h’ and vowels and that ‘u/o’ is articulated with the throat fully open. Pansori performer's breathing and rhythm has a close relationship with Buchimsae which is a form of telling story with rhythm. Pansori rhythm has each breathing structure. Jungmuri, which is a rhythm of basic breathing, is as fast as a normal step speed. Make sounds 1st beat to 9th beat and release breath 10th beat to 12th beat. But when a sound falls into 10/11/12th beat, release breath at 3rd or 5th beat. Pansori performer's breathing and elaboration is expressed depending on the power in the abdomen, controlling the throat and the shape of mouth. The power in abdomen means the ability to control power with the pressure of breath. That is it depends on how well the power is maintained in the abdomen, how well the throat is controlled and how well balanced the shape of mouth keeps. Such relationship between breath and elaboration needs further medical and scientific studies.

Algorithm to determine injection position in olive flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus

차봉진,권문경,김현영,박명애 한국어병학회 2013 한국어병학회지 Vol.26 No.2

This study aimed to develop an algorithm to determine the optimal injection position in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) when a vaccine is injected into the fish by using a vision-based automatic equipment measuring the total length (TL), width and weight of the fish. Over a 5-month period, 500 olive flounders were examined to analyze the relation of the fish size and to the shape and location of its abdomen, using radiography, a ruler plate and scale. There were significant correlations between the TL and the shape and location of the abdomen. The abdomen was located 0.232TL – 2.7221 mm (R2 = 0.8787) from the end of the mouth of the fish. The height and width of the abdomen in the fish were 0.1292TL + 1.8768 mm (R2 = 0.7935) and 0.183TL–5.9791 mm (R2 = 0.8641), respectively. The injection point in the abdominal region avoiding organs was determined by calculating the center of gravity of the abdomen volume. This can be expressed as g (0.2759TL – 2.0965, 0.1295TL – 4.2325) on the basis of TL line coordinates. The injection point by the expressed coordinates had errors for the x and y axes as 12.15 mm and 8.28 mm, respectively. These were enough to use the algorithm to injection for the equipment. This automated method to determine the position of any part in the fish can also be used for other purposes, for example, intramuscular injection or auto-tagging of fish.

임산부 흉부촬영 시 복부차폐의 적정성 평가

김기진,김가중 대한안전경영과학회 2015 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.17 No.4

When performing Chest x-ray examination to pregnant woman, normally we shield back side of abdomen. In this situation, scattered rays made by equipment and surrounding structure can enter front side of abdomen. Therefore, in this study, we evaluate suitability of abdomen shield especially to pregnant woman. In case of One shielding material placed back of abdomen, the measured value is 0.676±0.19 uSv/hr. Two shielding material is 0.764±0.04 uSv/hr. Three is 0.685±0.16 uSv/hr. The exposure dose inferred in this study does not excess annual effective dose limit. But It is not mean absolute safety. So we have to minimize occurrence of stochastic effect of radiosensitivity by shielding front side of abdomen of pregnant woman in clinic.

Algorithm to determine injection position in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

Cha, Bong-Jin,Kwon, Mun-Gyeong,Kim, Hyun-Young,Park, Myoung-Ae The Korean Society of Fish Pathology 2013 한국어병학회지 Vol.26 No.2

This study aimed to develop an algorithm to determine the optimal injection position in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus when a vaccine is injected into the fish by using a vision-based automatic equipment measruing the total length (TL), width and weight of the fish. Over a 5-month period, 500 olive flounders were examined to analyze the relation of the fish size and to the shape and location of its abdomen, using radiography, a ruler plate and scale. There were significant correlations between the TL and the shape and location of the abdomen. The abdomen was located 0.232TL - 2.7221 mm ($R^2$=0.8787) from the end of the mouth of the fish. The height and width of the abdomen in the fish were 0.1292TL + 1.8768 mm ($R^2$=0.7935) and 0.183TL-5.9791 mm ($R^2$=0.8641), respectively. The injection point in the abdominal region avoiding organs was determined by calculating the center of gravity of the abdomen volume. This can be expressed as g (0.2759TL - 2.0965, 0.1295TL - 4.2325) on the basis of TL line coordinates. The injection point by the expressed coordinates had errors for the x and y axes as 12.15 mm and 8.28 mm, respectively. These were enough to use the algorithm to injection for the equipment. This automated method to determine the position of any part in the fish can also be used for other purposes, for example, intramuscular injection or auto-tagging of fish.