종목별 대학 운동선수들의 Y-balance test 비교 및 체성분과의 상관관계

김태호,양명주 한국웰니스학회 2020 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.15 No.2

This study was conducted to compare flexibility and balance using performance of the Y-balance test for college athletes and to determine how much it is correlated to body composition. The participants of this study were elite athletes in their twenties. For this study, Y-balance test was conducted with 59 college athletes majoring in volleyball (n=15), soccer (n=15), baseball (n=24), and golf (n=5). In the Y-balance test, the maximal reach was used of 2 trials for each leg in each of three separate directions: anterior, posterolateral and posteromedial. Also, the composite score was calculated by summing the 3 reach directions and normalizing the results to the lower limb length. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine whether there are any statistically significant differences between performances of Y-balance test for college athletes. In addition, we analyzed the correlation between performances of Y-balance test and body composition using Pearson's correlation. The results of the study are as follows; The performance of the Y-balance test between majors showed differences but no statistically significant difference. Meanwhile, the correlation between muscle mass of body composition and performance of Y-balance test was confirmed. This study is considered to be valuable as the first study to identify the differences in performance of Y-balance test between college athletes in different majors and the correlation with body composition. Further studies on athletes in various majors is required. 본 연구는 종목별 대학 운동선수들의 Y-balance test 측정값을 이용하여 종목별 선수들의 유연성과 평형성의 차이점을 비교하고 그 측정값과 체성분과의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 진행되었다. 본 연구를 위하여 배구(n=15), 축구(n=15), 야구(n=24), 골프(n=5)를 전공으로 하는 59명의 대학 운동선수들을 대상으로 Y-balance test를 측정하였다. Y-balance test 시행 시 전면, 후면 및 후측면의 각 3방향에 대하여 대상자의 좌·우측 다리 영역을 각 2회 측정하고 그 가운데 높은 값을 채택하였다. 합성 점수는 3방향의 측정값을 합산한 결과를 다리 길이로 보정하여 계산하였다. 각 종목별 선수들의 Y-balance test 측정값 사이에 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 존재하는지 규명하기 위하여 일원변량분산분석을 이용하였다. 또한 피어슨의 상관계수를 이용하여 각 종목별 선수들의 Y-balance test 수준과 체성분과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 본 연구를 통해 Y-balance test의 수준은 각 종목별로 차이가 있다는 것을 발견하였으나 통계적으로 유의미한 차이는 확인할 수 없었다. 그러나 체성분 가운데 근육량과 Y-balance test 측정값과의 상관관계를 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 종목별 대학 운동선수들의 Y-balance test 수준의 차이와 체성분과의 상관관계를 규명하고자 한 첫 연구로서 가치가 있다고 판단되며 추후 다양한 종목의 선수들에 대한 추가 연구가 필요할 것이라 생각한다.

평형성 검사도구의 신뢰도 검증: 와이밸런스와 눈감고외발서기

송홍선(Hong-sun Song),신진이(Jhin-yi Shin),이기혁(Ki-hyuk Lee) 한국체육측정평가학회 2018 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.20 No.3

이 연구는 평형성 검사도구인 와이밸런스(Y-balance test)와 눈감고외발서기의 상관관계 및 신뢰도를 검증하여 평형성을 측정하고 평가하는데 있어 보다 정확하고 효율적인 방법이 무엇인지 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상자는 2017년 11월~2018년 1월까지 전국 37개소 국민체력 100 센터에 방문한 건강한 성인 남녀로 와이밸런스와 눈감고외발서기를 각각 2회 측정한 총 3,240명의 자료를 이용하였다. 대상자의 특성을 알아보기 위해 변인들의 기술통계분석(descriptive statistics)을 실시하였으며, 성별과 연령 각 반복측정에 대한 차이를 알아보기 위하여 이원혼합설계인 이원변량분석(2-wayANOVA; RG×RM)을 실시하였다. 그리고 두 검사도구 간의 상관 및 각 검사도구의 재검사 신뢰도를 알아보기 위하여 피어슨의 적률상관분석(Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient)을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 와이밸런스검사와 눈감고외발서기의 반복측정 결과 두 검사 모두 1차와 2차 측정결과 간에는 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.001; p<.001). 둘째, 와이밸런스와 눈감고외발서기 검사도구 간에는 유의하게 낮은 상관관계가 나타났다(r=.117~.164, p<.01). 셋째, 와이밸런스검사는 높은 재검사 신뢰도를 나타냈으나(r= .710~.966), 눈감고외발서기는 낮은 재검사 신뢰도를 나타냈다(r= .193~.456). 즉, 현장에서 평형성을 측정하는데 있어 눈감고외발서기 보다 와이밸런스 검사도구의 유용성이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation and reliability of Y-balance test and One leg with Eyes close test (SOE). The subjects of this study were a total of 3,240 people who visited the 37 center of national fitness 100. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the characteristics of the subjects. Two-way analysis of variance (2-way ANOVA; RG×RM) was performed to determine the differences in gender and age for each repeat test. The pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between the two tests and the reliability of the retest reliability of each test. The results are as follows. First, there was a significant difference between the first and second measurement results in Y-balance test and SOE (p <.001; p <.001) respectively. Second, there was a significantly low correlation between Y-balance test and SOE (r = .117 ~ .164, p <.01). Third, Retest reliability of Y-balance test was high (r = .710 ~ .966), but the retest reliability of SOE was low (r = .193 ~ .456). In conclusion, it was confirmed that Y-balance test has no correlation with SOE and Y-balance test was more usefulness than SOE.

Cajori 5단계 상대평가를 통한 대학 운동선수들의 Y-Balance Test 기준개발

양명주(Yang, Myoung-Joo) 한국웰니스학회 2021 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구는 종목별 대학 운동선수들의 Y-balance test의 기준치 개발을 위해 진행되었다. 본 연구의 대상자들은 배구, 야구, 축구 종목의 대학 남자 운동선수 54명을 대상으로 기준개발을 진행하였으며 Y-balance test는 각 종목별 선수들의 오른발과 왼발 하지 부위에 대하여 Anterior section(전면), posterior medial section(후내면), posterior lateral section(후측면)에 대해 각 2회 측정하여 평균치를 계산하였다. 각 기준은 Cajori의 5단계 상대평가 등급 분류법을 이용하여 매우 높음, 높음, 보통, 낮음, 매우 낮음의 5단계에 대한 각각의 기준치를 개발하였으며 연구 결과 Cajori 5단계 상대평가 기준을 통해 Y-balance test의 기준치를 산정했을 때 각 측정값 간의 차이가 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 측정된 값을 Cajori 5단계 평가 방법으로 분류해 본 결과 야구 선수들과 축구 선수들의 평가 단계가 높게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 특히 야구 선수들의 경우 오른발 후내면과 왼발 후내면, 오른발 후측면과 왼발 후측면에서 가장 높은 기준값을 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 축구 선수들의 경우 오른발 전면과 왼발 전면, 오른발 composite score와 왼발 composite score가 다른 종목 선수들에 비해 높은 기준값을 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 대학 운동선수들의 균형능력 향상 및 평가를 위한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이며 후속 연구를 통해 여성 운동선수들을 포함한 다양한 종목의 포지션별 측정값 간의 차이를 위한 Y-balance test 기준값이 개발된다면 운동선수들에게 있어 경기력 향상과 부상 예방을 위한 하나의 중재 도구로써 사용될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다. This study was conducted to develop a baseline value for the Y-balance test of elite university athletes. The subjects of this study were selected as university elite male athletes of volleyball, baseball and soccer and the Y-balance test was performed on three sections of the anterior, posterior medial, and posterior lateral sections for each player"s right and left lower extremities. Measurements were made twice and the average was calculated. Each criterion developed a separate threshold for each of the five tiers: very high, high, moderate, low, and very low, using Cajori"s five-level relative rating scale. The results of this study show that there is a difference between the measurement values when calculating the baseline value of Y-balance test through Cajori 5-step relative evaluation criteria. In particular, in the case of baseball players, it was confirmed that right posterolateral and left posterolateral, and also the right posterior medial and left posterior medial showed the highest reference values. In the case of soccer players, it was confirmed that the right anterior and left anterior, right composite score and left composite score showed higher reference values than those of other sports players. Through this study, it will be possible to provide basic data for the improvement and evaluation of the balance ability of elite university athletes. If the Y-balance test standard value for the difference between the measured values of various sports including female athletes is developed through follow-up studies, it will be used as an intervention tool for improving performance and preventing injuries for elite athletes.

엘리트 남•여 유도 선수들의 Y-Balance test 비교 및 균형능력 관계

김태환,이방섭,배상일 한국융합과학회 2023 한국융합과학회지 Vol.12 No.12

연구목적 본 연구의 목적은 엘리트 남∙여 유도 선수의 YBT(Y Balance Test)와 한 발 서기 발란스테스트를 이용하여 선수들의 균형능력과 좌∙우차이를 비교하여 알아보고 균형능력과 신체조성의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 본 연구의 대상자는 엘리트 유도선수 남(n=15),여(n=14)명을 대상으로 신체조성, YBT, OLST를 실시하였다. 선수들은 하지 좌∙우의 전방, 내측 및 후방 방향으로 도달하면서 YBT를 2회 수행하였다. 총 점수는 하지장의 길이를 측정 후 3방향의 총합을 계산하여 결과를 도출하였다. 엘리트 남∙여 유도 선수의 통계적 유의성을 확인하기 위한 자료분석에는SPSS version 23.0을 사용하였으며, 자료처리는 독립표본 t-test와 피어슨의 상관계수를 통해 검증하였다. 통계적 유의 수준은 p <0.05로 설정하였다. 결과 이 연구의 주요 결과는 성별에 따른 연구에참여한 선수들의 밸런스 점수와 비교했을 때, 남자 선수의 밸런스 점수와 여자 선수의 밸런스 점수간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 그러나 YBT 부상의 위험 수치인 CS가 89.6% 이상인 선수는 24.1%였으며, 4cm 이상인 An은 41.1%로 부상 확율이 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 특히, 여자 유도선수의 An은 53.3%로 매우 높은 수치엿으며, 남자 선수와 비교하여 여자 유도선수가 부상의 발생이 더 높을 수 있다고 유추 할 수 있다. 신체조성에서는 HT, LBM, WT상관관계를보여주었다. 결론적으로 엘리트 남∙여 유도 선수의 균형능력은 차이가 없었으나 신체구성과는 상관관계가 있다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한, 여자 선수들이 남자선수에 비해서 하지 부상의 발생비율이 높은 가능성을 제시하였다. 결론 따라서 엘리트 유도 여성 선수들을 위한 적절한 훈련 프로그램의 개발이 필요할 것이다. 추후 연구에서는 본 연구의 결과를 객관화하기 위해 동종 운동종목과비교할 수 있는 후속연구의 필요성이 요구된다. Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the balance ability and left-right differences in elite male and female judo athletes using the Y Balance Test (YBT) and the One-Leg Stand Test (OLST). Additionally, this study sought to determine the correlation between balance ability and body composition. Methods The participants of this study consisted of elite male (n=15) and female (n=14) judo athletes. For statistical significance, data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, employing an independent samples t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. A significance level of p <0.05 was set. Results The main findings of this study revealed no statistically significant difference between the balance scores of male and female athletes. However, the percentage of athletes at risk for injury, with a Composite Score (CS) of 89.6% or more on the YBT, was 24.1%, and those with an anterior reach difference (An) of 4cm or more was 41.1%. Notably, the An for female judo athletes was at a high 53.3%, suggesting that female athletes could be at a higher risk of injury compared to their male counterparts. Correlations were observed in body composition aspects such as height (HT), lean body mass (LBM), and weight (WT). In conclusion, while there was no difference in balance ability between elite male and female judo athletes, there was a correlation with body composition. Moreover, the potential for a higher rate of lower limb injuries in female athletes compared to male athletes was highlighted. Conclusion This underscores the need for specialized training programs for elite female judo athletes. Future studies should aim to objectify these findings by comparing them with other sports to further validate the results

대학부 태권도 품새 우수선수와 비 우수선수의 균형능력과 기능적 능력 비교 분석

공진솔 ( Kong Jin-Sol ),이제훈 ( Lee Je-Hun ) 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2021 스포츠사이언스 Vol.39 No.1

The aim of this study is to quantify balance and functional ability of Taekwondo Poomsae athletes and to provide fundamental information which allows to design optimal training strategies for injury prevention, rehabilitation and optimising performance through comparing balance and functional ability of skilled and less-skilled Taekwondo Poomsae athletes. Subjects were selected among athletes registered on Korea Taekwondo Association and divided into skilled and less-skilled groups consisting of 8 athletes in each, based on award-winning experience. One Leg standing with Eyes Close Test were selected in order to assess static balance ability and Y-Balance Test was chosen as a means of assessing dynamic balance. Functional ability was evaluated through 3 hop tests: Triple Hop Test, Side Hop Test and Figure-of-8 Hop Test. In One Leg Standing with Eyes Close Test with the right eye closed, skilled athletes (M=95.29) were superior than less-skilled counterparts (M=40.80) with significant difference (p=.002). With the left eye closed, skilled athletes (M=103.65) were also superior than less-skilled counterparts (M=41.78) with significant difference (p=.002). With other tests which assessed dynamic balance, i.e. Y-Balance test, and functional ability i.e. Triple Hop Test, Side Hop Test and Figure-of-8 Hop Test, skilled athletes presented statistically superior values than less-skilled counterparts, however there was no significant difference.

Effect of Action Observation Training Using Y-Balance on Balance Capability in Young Adults

( Sung Min Son ),( Kyung Woo Kang ) 대한물리치료학회 2020 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Purpose: This study examined the effects of action-observation training using the Y-Balance on the balance ability of young adults. Methods: Thirty-four healthy adults were randomized into an action-observation group (n=17) or a control group (n=17). All subjects performed the Y-Balance test before and after watching the video. The action observation group watched a video of someone performing a Y-Balance test, and the control group watched a video of scenery unrelated to the training. The subjects were measured through a Y-Balance test for both the length of the legs extended in three directions and the Y-balance composite score. Results: A significant difference in the Y-balance composite score was observed between the two groups. A part of the direction of the extended leg in the action observation group was increased significantly (posteromedial direction of the right leg, posterolateral direction of the right leg, posteromedial direction of left leg) compared to the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that action observation training only could help improve balance.

Effect of Action Observation Training Using Y-Balance on Balance Capability in Young Adults

Son, Sung Min,Kang, Kyung Woo 대한물리치료학회 2020 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Purpose: This study examined the effects of action-observation training using the Y-Balance on the balance ability of young adults. Methods: Thirty-four healthy adults were randomized into an action-observation group (n=17) or a control group (n=17). All subjects performed the Y-Balance test before and after watching the video. The action observation group watched a video of someone performing a Y-Balance test, and the control group watched a video of scenery unrelated to the training. The subjects were measured through a Y-Balance test for both the length of the legs extended in three directions and the Y-balance composite score. Results: A significant difference in the Y-balance composite score was observed between the two groups. A part of the direction of the extended leg in the action observation group was increased significantly (posteromedial direction of the right leg, posterolateral direction of the right leg, posteromedial direction of left leg) compared to the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that action observation training only could help improve balance.

족궁(foot arch) 높이 특성 차이가 신체 동적 균형 능력에 미치는 영향

김창영,이세용,강태규 한국스포츠학회 2020 한국스포츠학회지 Vol.18 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 족궁(foot arch) 차이에 따른 Y-balance test 수행 시 동적균형능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 자 하였다. 연구대상은 족궁 높이 측정 방법인 navicular drop test (NDT)를 통해 총 세 그룹 고족(high-arch, N = 25), 중족(high-arch, N = 25), 저족(low-arch, N = 25)으로 나누어 진행 하였다. 신체 동적 제어 및 균형능력을 측정 하기 위해 전방, 후내측, 후외측 총 3방향으로 구성되어 있는 Y-balance test 를 통해 실험을 진행하였고 실험결과, 전방 (anterior, AN) 방향은 저족 (.3791 ± .036)에서 후내측 (posterior-medial, PM)과 후외측 (poster ior-lateral, PL)의 경우 고족 (PM:.4436 ± .046, PL:.4461 ± .054)에서 가장 긴 도달거리를 기록하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 후내측과 후외측의 경우 고족군이 저족군이나 정상족군에 비해 족궁 특성으로 인해 발의 바깥쪽(lateral aspect)에 더 많은 압력을 받는다고 하였고 이러한 특성은 신체의 균형 유지 및 좌, 우 방향으로의 움직임에 있어 고족군이 다른 그룹에 비해 발의 바깥쪽 압력 증가에 대한 적응 및 유지에 있어 더 유리한 상태이기 때문이라고 생각 된다. 이는 족궁의 서로 다른 높이 특성은 부상의 발생과도 밀접한 관계가 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 부상의 예방을 위한 트레이닝 또는 발의 아치 특성과 깊은 관련이 있는 내측 세로 아치(medial longitudinal arch, MLA)의 유지를 위한 인솔 (insole)의 착용 또한 중요한 부분이라고 볼 수 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the different height of the foot arch on the dynamic postural control during the Y-balance test. A total of 75 subjects participated in this study. Participants were assigned to 1 of 3 groups depending on foot type, (high, N = 25, normal, N = 25), low, N = 25) through the measuring navicular drop test (NDT). Measuring the dynamic balance were obtained for each participant and compared across groups. The participants were tested on the anterior(AN), posteriorlateral( PL), and posterior-medial(PM) reach directions of the Y-Balance Test. The result of the Y-Balance Test, we observed a different in reach-distance scores for the each directions (p < .01). Also, we observed a low arch groups(.3791 ± .036) reached farther in the anterior direction and high arch groups reached farther in the posterior-medial (PM) and posterior-lateral (PL) direction (PM:.4436 ± .046, PL:.4461 ± .054). These results indicate that in the posterior-medial and posterior-lateral direction, the high-arch group receives more pressure on the lateral aspect of the foot due to the arch characteristics of the foot compared to the low-arch group or the normal-arch group. This is thought to be due to that the high-arch group is more advantageous in adapting to and maintaining the external pressure of the foot than the other groups in the movement in the right direction. It can be seen that the different height characteristics of the foot arch are closely related to the occurrence of injuries, and training for the prevention of injuries or the maintenance of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA), which is deeply related to the arch height of the foot and foot insole is also an important part.

발 뒤꿈치 높이가 젊은 성인 여성의 균형능력과 감각에 미치는 영향

최수희 ( Su-hee Choi ),서재근 ( Jae-gun Seo ),이상호 ( Sang-ho Lee ) 대한신경치료학회 2017 신경치료 Vol.21 No.3

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of dynamic and static balance ability and the change of sensory system in the ankle region by wearing shoes with different heel heights. Methods This study was conducted for 30 women attending S university in Nam-won city for 4 weeks from September 5, 2016 to October 2, 2016.The study group(n=15) was wearing shoes with a heel height of 7 cm and the control group(n=15) was wearing shoes with a heel height of 3 cm for more than 8 hours per day for 4 weeks. The dynamic balance ability was assessed using the Y-Balance Test, the static balance ability was assessed using FICSIT-, and the sensory identification test was using the two-point discriminant test. Results Differences in static balance ability within the study group were statistically significant(p<.05). The difference of static balance ability between study group and control group was significant(p<.05). The difference in the two-point discrimination ability between the study group and the control group was statistically significant(p<.05). Conclusion The group wearing high - heeled shoes had low sensitivity to sensation and low static balance ability. Therefore, it is considered that high - heeled shoe is difficult to maintain balance by increasing foot fatigue and lowering sense of body.

발바닥 체성 감각 저하에 따른 만성 발목 불안정성 환자군과 정상인 군의 Y-balance Test 능력에 미치는 효과

Kim, Chang Young,Kang, Tae Kyu,Kim, Byong Hun,Lee, Sae Yong 한국운동역학회 2019 한국운동역학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of diminished plantar sensation in Y-balance test between chronic ankle instability (CAI) patients versus Healthy individuals. Method: A total of 90 subjects and CAI group (N=45) (age: $24.49{\pm}2.52yrs$, height: $173.53{\pm}8.20cm$, weight: $69.62{\pm}12.92kg$) and healthy group (N=45) (age: $24.85{\pm}2.70yrs$, height: $170.27{\pm}7.70cm$, weight: $66.04{\pm}11.60kg$) participated in this study. Participants were tested on the anterior (ANT), posterolateral (PL), and posteromedial (PM) reach directions of the Y-Balance Test before and after a 10-minute of plantar cutaneous sensation application using ice ($2^{\circ}C$). Normalized reach distances were measured 3 times each direction. Results: We observed a decrease in reach-distance scores for the reach directions after diminished plantar cutaneous sensation in all reach directions (p<.01). Also, we observed a decrease in reach-distance scores for the PL, and PM reach directions between groups (p<.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that dynamic postural control was adversely affected immediately after diminished plantar cutaneous sensation between CAI group and healthy group. Future research may suggest that determine the studies involving more realistic dynamic movement, such as walking or running, landing.