무예의 문화적 가치와 방향에 관한 시론

김영만(Kim, Young Man),곽영만(Kwak, Young Man),옥광(Ok, Gwang) 한국체육교육학회 2021 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.25 No.4

본 연구는 무예의 문화적 가치와 방향을 고찰하여 무예의 다양한 가치와 방향을 새롭게 접근하는 단초를 마련하고자 수행되었다. 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 무예의 교육적 가치의 방향으로 학교체육에서 무예가 1인 1기 필수과목으로 초ㆍ중ㆍ고등학교에 채택이 필요하다. 둘째, 무예의 스포츠적 가치의 방향으로 무예의 근대성과 낙후성을 극복하는 방안으로 무예에 대한 전환적 인식과 태도로 무예의 스포츠적 인문의 지향이 필요하다. 셋째, 무예의 건강적 가치의 방향으로 무예 수련에서 몸 수련과 마음 수련을 통한 건강한 삶을 영위할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 넷째, 무예의 윤리적 가치의 방향으로 무예인 스스로 자신 지키는 방법으로 인문적 소양과 겸양의 미덕을 갖추고 상대를 대하고, 평소 무예 수련으로 개인의 건강과 자신감, 자제력, 도덕적 의무, 책임감 등을 호신술을 통해 배우는 것이다. 결론적으로, 무예의 인문적 가치와 방향은 문과 무의 균형적인 발전과 함께 할 때 비로소 사회에 기여할 수 있을 것이고, 무예가 한 층 더 수준 높은 문화로 자리매김 하게 하기 위해서는 무예의 인문학적 체계 정립과 개발에 더욱 박차를 가해야 할 것으로 본다. Purpose: This study was carried out to propose various cultural value and directions of martial arts through an investigation about martial arts. Method: The research method is to draw the final conclusion through a process of inter-subjective Discussion and to narrate the result of the analysis of the various records through the literature review method and the conference related white paper. Results: frist The Ministry of Education should adopt martial arts as a compulsory subject in physical education in schools so that each student can specialize in one type of martial arts. Second, it is recommended to change people’s perceptions and attitudes towards martial arts and develop the sport beyond mere physical activity. Instead, martial arts requires the pursuit of the sports-related humanities, including the addition of knowledge, sentiment, and culture. This can be achieved by combining and converging physical activity-centered sports with research from anthropology, sociology, psychology, and pedagogy. Third, martial arts training should be aimed at helping athletes lead a healthy life by training their bodies and minds. Fourth, martial arts athletes should face their competitors with humanistic knowledge and the virtue of modesty as a means to self-protect. In addition, they should learn to improve their health, self-confidence, self-control, moral duties, and sense of responsibility using self-defense skills Conclusion: through regular martial training. Based on the incorporation of these requirements and the balance of literary and martial arts, the humanistic value and direction of martial arts will result in national prosperity and military power. More literature should be written to spur the structured establishment and advancement of martial arts to help athletes lead an upstanding life. This can be achieved by combining and converging physical activity-centered sports with research from anthropology, sociology, psychology, and pedagogy.

외래(外來) <무도신체문화(武道身體文化)>의 유입과정(流入過程)을 통해본 한국(韓國) 무도(武道)의 현대적(現代的) 의의(意義)

김창우(Chang Woo Kim),이재학(Jae Hak Lee),송일훈(Il Hun Song) 한국사회체육학회 2007 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.31

The purpose of this study was to delve into the introduction of foreign physical culture and the development of Korean martial arts since the 1876 enlightenment period of Korean history and to determine some of the right directions for modern Korean martial arts. When it comes to the inflow of foreign martial arts, Japanese martial arts were introduced when the nation opened some ports in the 1880s. Martial-arts halls were established by Korean and Japanese people, and martial arts were instructed to train soldiers and to build up national power. Japan educated students martial arts as part of school curriculum and urged every group concerned to hold a martial-arts competition. Thus, the influx of foreign physical culture and Japanese martial arts had an impact on stepping up the internationalization of Korean martial arts and the spread of martial-arts matches, and the issues of the historicity and traditionality of Korean martial arts were highlighted eventually. However, Korean martial-arts community has made a stubborn and improper effort to create martial arts of its own, distorting their historicity and traditionality that were built on foreign physical culture. Therefore, current martial arts should be recognized as Koreanized physical culture, not as foreign one, and it`s required to establish the new historicity of Korean martial arts. So far, it`s attempted in this study to discuss the influx of foreign physical culture, and that effort showed that there is a promising future before Korean martial arts, and that martial arts are valuable physical culture heritage. In the future, the precious physical culture heritage should be passed onto the next generation, who should be encouraged to take martial arts to another level.

The Value and Meaning of Traditional Martial Arts as Education for Youth

( Keon Sik Heo ),( Jong Hak Park ),( Byoung Joo Kim ) 대한무도학회 2019 대한무도학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2019 No.2

In the rapidly changing modern society, the youth are becoming more valuable existence. It goes without saying that no country is agonizing about supporting its youths and developing its policy. The youth means the young people and juveniles, and is explained as medium between children and adults. Namely it can be called as an interim existence that is becoming adults from children, physically, spiritually and socially. In modern society, the youth are likened to vegetable in a plastic green house. They are reflected not as fresh vegetable exposed to the abundant sunlight and rainy wind but as weak vegetable supplied by indirect sunlight and human-sprayed water in a green house. Can these youth become healthy adult indeed? We have examined with a small title as follows: “Who are the youth of our society?”, “What is the traditional martial arts?”, “What is the relation between the youth and the traditional martial arts?” Based upon these matters, I have agonized about what value and meaning the traditional martial arts have for the education of youth. The youth period is one in which a youth has much dread about newly accessible various challenges and the starting. Particularly, it is a serious problem that in the modern society, the youth are under heavy stress to the repeating studies and the future course. In this situation, the martial arts practice are being recognized as a good practice program to the youth. The fact that the martial arts practice in the youth period is of effectiveness can be understood through the practice system of the martial arts. Through the martial arts practice, the youth learn the process of experiencing in a motion. In the practice process, there are concentration power and control ability to the technique and circumstance, and an overcoming process through the courtesy to the master or to the seniors and juniors that can be called as the human relations. At this place, if they accomplish the target, they will experience the feeling of achievement, etc. With this feeling, the youth will acquire the self-confidence to their world and have spiritual satisfaction, thus obtain the way of self-completion. Above all, to the youth who will take responsibility for the future, the martial arts are a satisfactory education material, as physical, spiritual and social method of education for the whole man. Particularly, it is all the more so in the meaning that in the war technique, the martial arts combine with ethic element and pursue the social co-owned value. Therefore, the martial arts practice and the teaching method need efforts to meet this. In future, the martial arts practice by the youth should start from the understanding to the youth. For this, the consciousness, thinking, behavior pattern, etc. of the youth should be comprehensively grasped. On this basis, more scientific martial arts program for the youth should be established.

무도공부(武道工夫)와 인격형성(人格形成)

최종삼 ( Jong Sam Choi ),손수범 ( Soo Beom Son ),지동철 ( Dong Cheol Ji ) 대한무도학회 2008 대한무도학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Countless changes have inflicted upon martial arts throughout our nation`s long history dating from time immemorial. Since development of modern scientific culture, public attention has been directed to martial arts, reevaluating its value, as an alternative of general or liberal education, even under a situation of being in danger of losing its identity. Meanwhile, however, martial arts have been pushed into a situation to cloud its own identity because of encountering sports. Value of martial arts is to reinforce the spirit that laid in humans` inner mind; we cannot measure it or keep a record thereof. Measurement and record are the language of sports. By making relative comparisons and distinguishing dominance in between, the value of martial arts couldn`t help but to be damaged. This is the time to establish right practice for application (用, pronounced, Yong in Korean, meaning also use or usage) of martial arts that fit in with intrinsic identity or genuine appearance (體, pronounced, Che in Korean) of martial arts. It shall be self-evident that when martial artists (This may denote Yong in another angle.) do devote themselves to pursue the martial way faithfully as a trainee who cultivates their artistic quality, the martial arts shall be able to return to where it was. Study through martial arts is aimed at cultivating humans who have harmonious and desirable thinking and body through physical training. To uphold essential nature as of human being shall be wise way to carry on human life (or 道, pronounced Do in Korean, roughly as the way or path, but hard to define in a pinpoint manner.) and to do so, it shall be turned into arms that will protect us from danger, and it will also preserve our life in its entirety. In addition, martial arts study has important value in light of subjective or independent life. Subjective behavior and judgment is the free will of human beings, and also this will be accomplished by humans who have successfully cultivated their inner selves. In the end, it can be defined that martial arts aims at removing desires and greed by refining it with friction in order to follow righteous path having held the morality and principles that ought to be observed by all human beings in an upright manner by following the principle of heaven (道義相磨 欲以爲人, pronounced, Doui Sangma Yogiwiin), and based on these virtues, this is to pursue to become a true human being filled with morality. When we recognize such principles and reasons as an initiator of martial arts, then martial arts would be able to recognize its possibility in humane and cultural aspects communicating with open future.

Exploring the Difficulties of Teachers in Martial Arts Education

( Ye Jin Yu ),( Young Sik Kim ) 대한무도학회 2019 대한무도학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2019 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the study of the future activation of martial arts education based on the experiences of teachers. Methods: For this study, four elementary and secondary teachers who had practiced martial arts education were selected as the subject of the study, and a 1:1 in-depth and group interview were conducted. Collected data were analyzed and interpreted using a constant comparison method. Results: Difficulties of teachers in martial arts education were analyzed in three respects. Above all, the difficulties in terms of the curriculum were as follows. First, since the proportion of martial arts-related contents was small which led teachers feel less necessity to educate martial arts than other subjects. Second, the level of martial arts related contents presented in the curriculum or textbook was higher than that of the teacher's teaching ability or the student's level. Third, a large amount of martial arts-related contents were presented in a very limited amount of time, making it difficult to realize them in actual classes. The difficulties in terms of their professionalism were as follows. First, the proportion of martial arts related curriculum was very low in university of education. Second, there were very few opportunities for martial arts training for teachers. Third, there was a lack of professionalism of teachers who can overcome the level difference of students. The difficulties in terms of the institutional and physical environment were as follows. First, there were many limitations to martial arts education due to the lack of infrastructure. Second, it was difficult to secure budgets and athletes in school sports teams, and it was very difficult for athletes to enter college. Third, there was a lack of professional manpower related to martial arts. Conclusion: To overcome these difficulties, first, policy support is needed, such as securing facilities and budget support for the sports clubs. Second, martial arts related education should be strengthened in pre-service teacher education and teacher training. Third, the level and quantity of curriculum should be appropriate to the level of students. Fourth, institutional support such as providing a martial arts-related manpower and broadening the career path of martial arts athletes is needed.

전통무예 활성화를 위한 무예(체육)관련 법ㆍ제도의 고찰과 개선방안

공시영,윤양진,성문정 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2016 스포츠와 법 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study is to present basic data to enhance competitiveness of traditional martial arts and increase the value of national brand by identifying problems of Korean traditional martial arts (sports) policy, presenting improvement plans, creating a new foundation of Korean traditional martial arts and fostering globalized traditional martial arts. With regard to methodology, the literature review was conducted mainly with published policy materials, previous studies, broadcasting and press materials. Based on problems identified in current legislation review and institutions for promotion of martial arts, improvement plans to establish better martial arts policy First, Unification of Distributed Martial Arts (Sports) Jobs. Second, Supplementation of lack of martial arts relating provisions through amendment of legislations. Third, Amendment of Membership Requirements of KOC & Rearrangement of Membership Requirements and Examination Standards of Korea Council of Sport for All. Forth, Establishment of Standards of Martial Arts Incentive System. Fifth, Supplementation of National Sports Promotion Fund Projects are suggested as following. Sixth, Minister proposes a traditional martial arts such as clarifying standards support. 본 연구는 새로운 백년대계를 위해 지금까지 나타난 한국 무예(체육)관련 법ㆍ제도의 문제점을 규명하고 개선방안을 제시하여 한국의 전통무예문화의 기반을 새롭게 조성하고, 나아가 세계화된 한국 전통무예로 성장시켜 경쟁력과 국가브랜드가치를 고취하는 기초자료 제공에 있다. 연구방법은 발표된 정책자료, 선행연구, 방송 및 언론자료 등 문헌고찰을 중심으로 전개하였다. 무예 진흥을 위한 법 고찰과 제도에서 도출된 문제점을 바탕으로 개선된 무예 정책 수립을 위한 개선방안으로 1. 분산된 무예(체육) 업무 시스템 창구의 일원화, 2. 법 개정을 통한 무예관련 미비점 보완, 3. 통합체육회 출범에 따른 회원종목단체 가입규정 및 전통종목 심사기준 정비, 4. 무도가산점제도의 기준 개정, 5. 국민체육진흥 기금사업 내용보완, 6. 전통무예 장관상 지원기준 명확화 등을 제시한다.

Taekwondo and Korean Martial Arts in Idokan Poland Association’s Research (1993-2016): A Review

( Wojciech J. Cynarski ) 국제태권도학회 2017 International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies Vol.2017 No.-

Purpose: The General Theory of Fighting Arts became a perspective for undertaking studies concerning Taekwondo and other Korean martial arts as part of 1) the Idokan Poland Association (IPA), a martial arts research organization, 2) the scientific center at University of Rzeszow efforts, and 3) contributors to the publication Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology. The purpose of the current research is to determine the influence of these studies on Taekwondo academics considering the focus of the IPA is Idokan Budo, a Japanese martial art. Methods: A relatively wide discourse analysis was conducted, including a monographic method with an analysis of the various sources and studies. A long-term participant observation among martial arts practitioners and researchers was also performed. Results: The IPA’s autonomous Division of Korean Martial Arts represents Kukkiwon Taekwondo, International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) Taekwon-Do, and all other Korean martial arts. Researchers from this section have published studies on Taekwondo and Korean martial arts in general. These researches were classified as 1) the delineation of Taekwondo and Shotokan Karate, 2) Taekwondo symbology research, 3) historical analyzes of prominent Taekwondo practitioners, 4) psychological and pedagogical research, 5) Taekwondo bio-technical and equipment research, 6) Taekwondo biomechanics and coaching, 7) the delineation of Taekwondo as a martial art and combat sport, 8) other Korean martial arts, and 9) the dissemination of Kukkiwon Taekwondo and ITF Taekwon-Do studies. Conclusions: This review determined four conclusions about the IPA’s contributions to Taekwondo academics. First, the IPA’s efforts have long-featured research on Kukkiwon Taekwondo and ITF Taekwon-Do research, which allows for deeper understanding of Taekwondo practice as a whole. Additionally, little-researched areas of Korean martial arts are given a voice in the IPA. Thirdly, IPA researchers publish both natural sciences and humanities papers, which permits a more holistic understanding of Taekwondo. Finally, the predominately Japanese-based IPA publications permit Taekwondo academia the ability to compare and incorporate research and practical knowledge within their own studies, thus broadening and enhancing their ability to contribute to Taekwondo academics.

A Study on Security MARTIAL ARTS in KOREA & Implications

Kim Tae-min, Shin Sang-min J-INSTITUTE 2016 International Journal of Martial Arts Vol.1 No.1

Security martial arts have become essential subjects for personnel for detailed security response in curricu-lum of Security Science, and is one of important educational subjects included in education/ training programs for the Office of the Presidential Security, Police security organizations, and private security companies. This study was intended to examine current status and implications of security martial arts and discuss the significance of study on security martial arts which need to be spread globally in the period ahead. Research materials related to security martial arts were analyzed by using the KCI(Korea Citation Index) of NRF(National Research Foundation of Korea) and the RISS(Research Information Sharing Service) of KERIS(Korea Education and Research Information Service), along with study of Korean literatures. The results of this study showed that publication of books on security science began to be expanded from mid 1990s. Currently, 49 articles on security martial arts have been published in KCI and related studies have been carried out steadily to date since 2002. The study on security martial arts were divided into major catego-ries such as 22 articles on Social Science, 20 articles on Art & Physical Education, 5 articles on Engineering, 1 article on Natural Science, and 1 article on interdisciplinary science. In relation to the field of academic study covered by the published articles, there were 21 articles related to the science of public administration among social science, the highest proportion, followed by 10 articles on the martial art science among physical admin-istration. As articles are also published in the fields of engineering, natural science, and interdisciplinary science, it can be found that studies on security martial arts are being conducted across academic fields. According to the data published by KCI, the number of registered organizations stand at 8,495 which publish 5,038 journals in all, out of which studies on security martial arts are published in 13 academic journals. Among others, the studies on security martial arts have been carried out mainly by the Korean Security Science Association and Korean Alliance of Martial Arts. The results of this study suggest that studies on security martial arts are being conducted continuously due to the importance and value of security martial arts in Korea and are attracting much attention from scholars. However, it is deemed necessary to promote in-depth studies on security martial arts, along with both quanti-tative and qualitative increase in such studies, when the studies on security martial arts are compared to other studies in overall academic fields. Moreover, it is considered necessary to build a key academic area with strong focus on research into security martial arts and to complement the development task presented by preceding studies.

무협 버추얼 스트리머 <남궁혁> 연구 – 뉴미디어에서의 무협 장르 수행 전략과 독자의 (재)생산을 중심으로

서원득 대중서사학회 2025 대중서사연구 Vol.31 No.1

2020년 전후는 한국무협이 웹소설 시장에서 판타지 장르에 밀렸다가 다시금 부상하는 시기였다. 이때 무협은 웹소설이나 웹툰뿐만이 아니라 버추얼 스트리밍의 방식으로도 ‘귀환’하였는데, 2020년대 초 등장한 무협 버추얼 스트리머 <남궁혁>은 그 선구적인 사례로 분석 가치가 있다. 이에 본고는 <남궁혁>이 무협 장르로서 펼치는 수행 전략을 살피고 그 이론적 의의를 탐색하고자 했다. 첫째, <남궁혁>은 ‘남궁세가의 삼공자이자 MZ 무림인’이라는 설정을 가지고 있으며, 이 설정을 외양, 지식, 행위의 세 가지 측면에서 전략적으로 수행해낸다. 이는 목소리, 무협 지식의 측면은 물론, 게임을 통해 무협에 걸맞는 행위를 하는 것에 직결되어 있다. 둘째, <남궁혁>은 무협에 대한 문턱을 낮추고 ‘무협가리’ 등을 통해 독자를 양성하고자 하였다. 젊은 여성 신규 독자가 주류를 이루는 상황에서, <남궁혁>은 지나치게 어려운 무협 개념 사용을 자제하고, ‘유입설명회’나 ‘무협가리’를 통해 무협에 대해 설명하고자 했다. 셋째, 이러한 <남궁혁>의 장기적인 활동은 그 자체로 독자층을 무협의 ‘정규 독자’로 (재)생산했다. 특정한 방송 형식은 그가 이 생산에 성공했음을 증빙하며, 또한 같은 해 진행된 청강대 강연은 <남궁혁>의 지식 및 수행 전략이 이전 세대에게 인가될 수 있는 것임을 보여준다. 이때 <남궁혁>은 이론적인 측면에서 무협 장르를 여성에게 여는 데 공헌했다는 점, 그리고 협(俠)의 감각을 제공하여 자본주의에 놓인 개인에게 새로운 방식의 주체화를 잠재적으로 가능하게 했다는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있다. 이상의 논의는 2020년대 등장한 <남궁혁>을 살펴봄으로 인해 소설과 영화에 집중된 무협 연구의 범위를 넓히는 데 공헌할 수 있다. The period around 2020 marked a time when Korean martial arts fiction faced a decline in the web fiction market due to the rise of the fantasy genre, but it then experienced a resurgence. During this time, martial arts genre not only returned through web fictions and webtoons but also through virtual streaming. The virtual streamer Nam-gung Hyuk(남궁혁), who emerged in the early 2020s, serves as a pioneering example worthy of analysis. This paper aims to explore Nam-gung Hyuk's strategies as he navigates the martial arts genre and to investigate its theoretical significance. First, is characterized as "the third son of the Nam-gung family and an MZ martial artist." He strategically embodies this characterization through three aspects: appearance, knowledge, and action. This directly correlates with voice, martial arts genre schema, and engaging in activities befitting martial arts genre through gaming. Second, aimed to lower the barriers to entry for martial arts genre and to cultivate readers through methods such as “martial arts genre explanation(무협가리)”. In a landscape where young female readers form the majority, refrained from using overly complex martial arts genre terminology and sought to explain martial arts genre through “introductory sessions(유입설명회)” or "martial arts genre explanations." Third, Nam-gung Hyuk's long-term activities have led to the (re)generation of a reader base that consists of "regular readers" of martial arts. Specific broadcasting formats serve as evidence of his success in this regard, and a lecture he conducted at Cheong-gang University that same year demonstrated that his knowledge and strategic performance could gain validation from the previous generation. In theoretical terms, contributed to opening the martial arts genre to women and provided a sense of chivalry(侠) that potentially enabled new forms of subjectivity for individuals situated within capitalism. This discussion, centered on the emergence of Nam-gung Hyuk in the 2020s, can contribute to broadening the scope of martial arts research, which has predominantly focused on novels and films.

전통무예진흥법의 효과적 시행을 위한 행정시스템 분석 및 개선과제

공시영,윤양진 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2012 스포츠와 법 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 전통무예진흥법 제정을 계기로 전통이라는 개념은 같으나 문화, 음악, 미술, 연극 등의 예술과 무예(체육) 등 각기 다르게 구분 지워진 문화체육관광부의 현행 업무실태를 파악하여 향후 전통무예 발전과 전통무예진흥법의 효과적인 시행을 위하여 현재 실시되고 있는 문화체육관광부의 행정시스템 분석 및 개선과제를 모색하기 위하여 문헌조사를 시행하였으며, 이러한 자료를 중심으로 영역별 범주화 작업을 진행하여 체육국, 문화예술국의 문화·예술, 체육분야의 소관업무와 현황을 파악, 문제점들을 도출하였고 이를 기초로 제시한 개선과제는 첫째, 전통무예의 문화예술부문 이관, 둘째, 전통무예 전문 인력양성 배치, 셋째, 전통무예 진흥 기본계획의 조기 실시, 넷째 국가주도 무예전문기관 설립, 다섯째, 전통무예의 위상제고를 위한 가산점 부여와 포상제도 확대 시행 등으로 나타났다. This study used investigation data for seeking necessity of comparative analysis and improvement assignment of work among departments of Ministry of Culture Sports and Tourism that was being implemented for future Martial Arts development and right implementation of Martial Arts Promotion Act through apprehending present condition of work of Ministry of Culture identified as different parts that concept, called tradition through establishment of Martial Arts Promotion Act, is same but culture, music, art, play, etc and Martial Arts(physical culture), and we proceeded categorization each domain with these data as the center, apprehended work of the department of athletics and relation organization with it by improvement solution that was based problems, apprehended main work of culture-arts departments of Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism apprehended present condition of culture-arts, physical culture (department, finance, relation organization and association, policy and assignment) of Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and improvement solutions showed that first, to transfer culture art field of Martial Arts, second, absence of the professional by early change of Martial Arts Manager, third, early implementation of Martial Arts Event, forth, establishment of Martial Arts specialized agency by government, fifth, addition points for upgrading the professional image of Martial Arts.