Theme Choices in Translation and Target Readers' Reactions to Different Theme Choices

Kim, Mira,Huang, Zhi 이화여자대학교 통역번역연구소 2012 T&I review Vol.2 No.-

This paper is primarily concerned with textual meaning in translation (i.e. the flow of text). Why do some translations not read as one piece of writing? Does it make any difference if translators start clauses in a translation with different experiential elements? If so, what impacts will such choices have on the flow of information in the translation? In this paper, we attempt to address such issues by analyzing Themes in different English translations of Chinese and Korean source texts. Firstly, we will present an analysis of Theme choices in three English translations of a Chinese short story. Secondly, we will discuss target readers’ reactions to two English translations of a Korean short story that are nearly identical except for a few Theme choices. We hope that our discussion stimulates more interest in the textual meaning of translations, which is an area that needs significantly more attention in translation studies (Baker 1992; House 1997; Munday 2000).

BTS의 노래가사에 나타난 한국어-영어 코드 선택 양상과 메타언어 담론 분석

박하람,길태영 한국정치사회연구소 2023 한국과 국제사회 Vol.7 No.5

본 연구에서는 BTS의 노래가사 언어 코드 비율 변화와 트위터 내 팬덤 아미(ARMY)의 메타언어적 코멘트를 통해 BTS 현상에서의 언어 이데올로기를 탐구하였다. 분석대상은 2013년부터 2022년까지 BTS의 앨범에 포함된 121곡의 노래이다. 연구결과, 영어 코드 선택 비율은 꾸준히 증가하여 2013년 21.2%에서 2022년에는 57.5%까지 상승하였으며, 반면에 한국어 코드 선택 비율은 2013년 78.8 %에서 점차 하락하여 42.5%로 감소하는 양상을 확인했다. 또한 트위터에 나타난 팬들의 메타언어 코멘트를 분석한 결과, 언어 민족주의적 순수주의의 태도와 반-언어 민족주의적 순수주의의 태도가 대립하는 형태를 관찰하였다. 언어 민족주의적 순수주의의 태도를 가진 팬들은 한국어 사용을 한국적 정체성의 실현으로 연결 짓고, 영어 코드의 증가를 우려하는 경향을 보였다. 한편, 반-언어 민족주의적 순수주의의 태도를 가진 팬들은 BTS의 언어 코드 선택과 정체성의 연결을 지양하며, 언어 코드 선택에 대한 비판에 저항하는 모습을 보였다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 BTS는 적절한 언어 코드를 사용하여 글로벌 팬들과 소통함으로써 다양성과 포용성을 장려하고, 팬덤 "아미"는 언어 선택 행위에 대한 이해와 존중을 확대함으로써 언어 이데올로기에 대한 인식을 높일 수 있는 방안을 제공하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. This study investigated the language ideology in the BTS phenomenon through the changes in language code ratios in BTS's song lyrics and meta-linguistic comments from the fandom "ARMY" on Twitter. The analysis included 121 songs in BTS's albums from 2013 to 2022. English code choice has increased from 21.2% in 2013 to 57.5% in 2022. Conversely, the ratio of Korean code selection has decreased from 78.8 % in 2013 to 42.5%. The analysis revealed both language nationalistic purism and anti- language nationalistic purism. Fans with language nationalistic purism connected the use of Korean to the realization of a Korean identity, and concerned about the increase of English codes. On the other hand, fans with anti-language nationalistic purism argued for the freedom of BTS's language code choice, and resisted criticisms from the opposite. This study suggests that BTS encourage diversity and inclusivity by using appropriate language codes and, the fandom "ARMY" increase their understanding and awareness of language ideologies by expanding their understanding and respect for the practice of language choice.

문법교육을 위한 어휘문법적 선택 연구의 복잡성 탐색 - 표현 의도 해석에 대한 쟁점적 사례를 중심으로 -

신희성 ( Shin Hee-seong ) 한말연구학회 2023 한말연구 Vol.64 No.8

In this study, the core concept of systematic functional linguistics, 'choice', was considered from a perspective that particularly values process. There are several theoretical premises in systematic functional linguistics. These theoretical premises show more complex aspects when combined with the concept of 'choice'. In particular, it is important to observe the process of selecting in addition to establishing systematic network by observing language phenomena in order to obtain grammatical educational implications. However, in the process of selection, complex problems arise compared to when only the text was analyzed by interposing writer’s expression intention. This study presented future research tasks by reporting points where the consistency and systematicity of theory show a gap from the real phenomenon.

사회방언론

박경래 ( Park Kyeongrae ) 한국방언학회 2005 방언학 Vol.1 No.-

The purpose of this research is to examine the sociolinguistic stature, and the trend of sociolinguistic research, and then is to introduce the method and some examples of a sociolinguistic study. Sociodialectology is a subordinate area of either a dialectology or sociolinguistics. A study of social dialect is one field among Korean dialectology. So the meaning of sociodialectology regard as a sociolinguistics in this research. The Sociolinguistic Study is divided into three sub-fields, such as linguistic approach, ethnolinguistics approach and linguisticsociological approach. In this research, age group, social class, sex, style are considered as a social factors so as to approach linguistically. The percentage of realization of the Umlaut and Length become higher in proportion to the height of the age group. The percentage of realization of the Umlaut differ from by social class or sex besides age groups. The linguistic variation and the linguistic choice are close correlation to social factors. The use of the style is related to the proportion pay attention to the utterance. An honorific and a title are examined by ethnolinguistics method. The use of an honorific and a title are considered that the social status between speaker and hearer, sex, hearer's native place etc.

부산 원(原)도심의 언어 경관: 3대 시장(국제시장, 부평깡통시장, 자갈치시장) 간판의 언어 정보를 중심으로

강은지(Eunji Kang) 한국사회언어학회 2024 사회언어학 Vol.32 No.4

This study aims to explore the linguistic and cultural characteristics of Busan’s old downtown. To achieve this, the linguistic landscapes of three major traditional markets—Gukje Market, Bupyeong Kkangtong Market, and Jagalchi Market—were collected and analyzed as representative commercial spaces of this area. The key findings are as follows: First, Hangeul was the most frequently used script type across all three markets and appeared in the largest font size, reflecting a general preference for Hangeul and the Korean language regardless of business type. Second, store names consisting of four to five syllables were the most common. Third, Gukje Market displayed varied linguistic landscapes across its streets, with the street adjacent to Gwangbok-dong exhibiting the most linguistic diversity. Fourth, the temporary stall signs in Bupyeong Kkangtong Market’s night market exhibited the greatest linguistic variety, showcasing a broad range of languages. Fifth, in Jagalchi Market, where the proportion of foreign tourists is relatively high, signs were predominantly in Hangeul, but menus were provided in multiple languages to accommodate linguistic diversity among visitors. Finally, the use of regional dialects and various regional names in store signage reflected Busan’s local identity and migration-driven history.

부산 지역 대학가 주변의 언어 경관 (linguistic landscape) 고찰 -부산대학교 장전캠퍼스 주변을 중심으로-

강은지,김태호 우리말학회 2024 우리말연구 Vol.76 No.-

This paper aims to investigate the linguistic landscape surrounding Pusan National University through the collection of linguistic data from commercial store signs in the vicinity of the Jangjeon Campus. Since these signs mirror the culture of the university town, we can delineate the characteristics of the area around Pusan National University by examining the types of characters and languages used, as well as the distribution of sign contents based on business types, with the goal of identifying regional peculiarities. The analysis yielded notable findings. Firstly, it was observed that the signage predominantly employs a combination of the Roman alphabet and Hangeul, with the latter being the most prevalent. Secondly, variations in each location were attributed to differences in the market and the primary customer base. Thirdly, instances of shop names incorporating 'pwutae' or 'hyo-won' were identified, signifying their proximity to Pusan National University. 본 논문의 목적은 부산대학교 장전캠퍼스 주변의 언어 경관을 살핌으로써, 이 지역의 언어·문화적 특징을 실증적으로 파악해 보는 것이다. 상점의 업종 구성과 간판이 대학가 문화를 반영하고 있다는 가정 하에 부산대학교 정문 근방 500미터 이내에 자리 잡은 상업용 상점 간판의 언어 자료를 수집해 다각도로 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 총 635개 상점 대표간판의 언어 자료를 형식적 측면과 의미적 측면으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 첫째, 간판에 사용된 언어 자료의 문자 유형을 한글, 한자, 가나, 로마자로 나누었을 때, 한글이 가장 많았고, 다음으로 로마자, 한글과 로마자 병기 순으로 많았다. 문자 종류는 한글이 가장 많이 선택되었는데, 이 경우 한국어가 아닌 영어, 일본어, 중국어 등 다른 어종의 음차 수단으로도 사용되었다. 둘째, 상점의 업종에 따라 언어 선택에 있어 확연한 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 업종 외에도 상점들의 주요 고객층에 따라서도 상점명의 표기 방식에 차이를 보였는데, 젊은 세대를 주요 고객으로 하는 상점일수록 로마자 간판이 더 많은 경향을 보였다. 넷째, 부산대학교 근방에 일식당이 유독 많았는데, 바다가 가깝고, 일본과의 지리적 인접성과 관련이 있어 보인다. 다섯째, 상점명의 길이를 음절의 수를 통해 확인한 결과, 대부분은 3-6음절이었다. 여섯째, 부산대학교의 줄임말인 ‘부대’나 부산대의 상징인 ‘효원’이 상점명에 들어가 있는 곳도 있었는데, 모두 오랜 기간 부산대학교 근방에서 영업 중인 상점이라는 공통점이 있었다.

The Impact of Cross-National Distance on Chinese Firms’ Ownership Choice in Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions

Lu Na Lin,권종욱 강원대학교 경영경제연구소 2025 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.16 No.2

Purpose – This study aims to examine how language distance and institutional distance affect ownership proportion decisions in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As), with a focus on Chinese firms. It also explores how industry relatedness and uncertainty avoidance moderate these relationships. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study is grounded in transaction cost theory and employs a quantitative empirical approach. It analyzes 432 cross-border M&A cases completed by Chinese firms between 2002 and 2023. Data were collected from the SDC Platinum database, and regression models were used to test both direct and interaction effects. Findings –The results indicate that language distance significantly influences ownership proportion, while institutional distance does not show a statistically significant effect. Industry relatedness mitigates the negative impact of language distance, whereas uncertainty avoidance amplifies the preference for higher ownership under high language distance. Moreover, uncertainty avoidance strengthens the relationship between institutional distance and ownership choice, while the moderating effect of industry relatedness on institutional distance is not significant. Research Implications – This study contributes to international business literature by integrating cultural and institutional perspectives into the analysis of ownership decisions. It highlights the nuanced roles of contextual factors such as industry relatedness and uncertainty avoidance, offering practical insights for firms—especially Chinese MNEs—on how to navigate cross-border integration challenges more effectively.

체계기능언어학의 한국어교육학적 적용 방안

이관규 국제한국어교육학회 2019 한국어 교육 Vol.30 No.3

The purpose of this study is to show applicable methods in Korean educational linguistics of Systemic Functional Linguistics which Halliday has made and developed in England, China, Australia, etc. Halliday, known as an applicational linguist, has researched linguistics, especially Chinese linguistics in England and China, and has been an active researcher in practical language education and policy. ‘System’ in SFL means that language expressions in use had paradigmatic relation, and ‘function’ means that language in use refers to function in context. Various meaning functions are divided into ideational, interpersonal, textual meta functions. These 3 meta-functions are realized through texts which the speaker and listener express and understand. In the context of higher level Chinese speakers studying with an academic purpose, they may have difficulty making a choice for some expressions in order to deliver many meaning functions, In this case, the Korean classroom can make use of SFL and teaching appropriate Korean expressions.

고등학생의 고쳐쓰기 과정에서 나타나는 어휘문법적 선택의 유형 및 메타인지 양상 연구

신희성 국어교육학회(since1969) 2020 국어교육연구 Vol.- No.73

This study begins with the premise that contents of grammar education can and should contribute to the use of language. The discussion of this proposition has made considerable progress, so basic research is needed to transfer them to practical areas. In this study, the researcher analyzed the first and corrected writings of high school students, recorded videos of the writing process, and recordings for post-interviews. The changed lexicogrammar was analyzed based on the system functional linguistics, and as a result, five types of lexicogrammatical choices were categorized. Next, the interview confirmed that high school students were well aware of their chosen lexicogrammar and that they were not. In addition, we divided their lexicogrammatical choices into two categories: author- centeredness and readers' consideration. High school students recognized vocabulary better among vocabulary and grammar, and the writer- centered mechanism worked better. This can be interpreted as the need for educational treatment in grammatical elements and reader-consideration mechanisms. However, since this research was conducted qualitatively, various variables data collection and further research are needed for quantitative verification. Such research could provide specific guidance on preparing the content of grammar education. 이 연구는 문법교육의 교육 내용이 언어 사용에 기여할 수 있고 또 그러해야 한다는 전제에서 출발한다. 이 같은 명제는 어느 정도 정론화 되는 중이므로 이를 실천적 영역으로 옮겨 줄 기초 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 고등학생의 처음 쓴 글과 고쳐 쓴 글, 글쓰기 과정에 대한 녹화 영상, 사후 면담 녹음 자료를 분석하였다. 먼저 고쳐 쓴 글에서 달라진 어휘문법들을 체계기능 언어학에 기반해 분석하였고, 그 결과 다섯 가지로 범주화된 어휘문법적 선택 유형을 살필 수 있었다. 다음으로 면담을 통해 고등학생 필자들이 스스로 선택한 어휘문법에 대해서 잘 인지하는 경우와 그렇지 못한 경우가 있음을 확인했다. 또 이들의 어휘문법적 선택을 추동하는 기제를 필자 중심과 독자 고려 두 가지로 나누어 보았다. 학습자들은 어휘와 문법 중 특히 어휘적 요소, 그리고 필자 중심 기제에 편향되는 모습을 보였다. 이는 문법적 요소와 독자 고려 기제에 교육적 처치가 필요한 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 다만 본 연구는 질적으로 수행되었기에 양적인 검증을 위해 다양한 변인별 자료 수집과 추가 연구가 필요하다. 이러한 연구가 축적되면 문법교육의 교육 내용 마련에 구체적인 지침이 되어 줄 수 있을 것이다.

“명확성의 원리”로서의 문학어 - 문학의 언어를 둘러싼 임화의 비평적 사유 -

강계숙 ( Kang Gye-sook ) 조선대학교 인문학연구원 2020 인문학연구 Vol.0 No.59

This study intensively analyzes the content of a literary language among lm-Hwa's linguistic theories. His linguistic theory was shaped by complex backgrounds. His linguistic theory was influenced by the linguistics of Marxism, closely related to the theory of shape, contained criticism of retroism and mannerism, and called for the completion of the Korean language as a literary language. lm-Hwa defines literary language as 'the shaping language' because he recognizes 'concrete shape' as a speciality of literature. 'The shaping language' is a language that conveys meaning specifically and expresses human feelings, emotions and consciousness directly. He thinks that everyday language performs these verbal functions. The reason why he thinks everyday language is a good source of literature comes from his negative assessment of the literary language of retroism. Meanwhile, lm-Hwa's perception of the language of literature gradually deepens as he goes through mannerism argument. He redefines literary language as 'clear language' and explains that everyday language becomes literary language by 'principle of clarity', which means that language is written entirely to suit the literary expression of the subject. He refers to this basic quality of everyday language as an expression of complete realism. He regards this as the basic nature of language and explains that a language with these characteristics can become a language of literature. What should be noted is that despite his emphasis on the literary value of everyday language, lm-Hwa has made a strict distinction between literary language and everyday language. The language of literature is a language in which everyday language has been reborn through a special artistic process, namely 'a process of choice and chastity'. The former and the latter are distinct from each other, with only the appearance being similar. In short, literary language is the essence of everyday language that has been honed artistically. He says poetry is the most pronounced area of literary language. A good poetic language reconstructs the everyday language in the unique creative process of poetry and makes it a completely different language. Through the amazing changes of language, the beauty of the literary language and its realistic contents become leaving a strong mental impression.