산업단지 입주기업과 비입주기업의 효율성 분석에 관한 연구

김용덕 ( Yong-deok Kim ),조재민 ( Jaemin Cho ) 한국생산성학회 2017 生産性論集 Vol.31 No.4

This research aims to measure the efficiency on firms in the industrial complex from 2013 to 2015 and evaluate the factors to make an effect to the efficiency scores, using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit regression analysis. The major findings of this study are as follows. The results show that the average efficiency score of the firms located in industrial complex is lower than non industrial complex firms and the primary reason to cause their inefficiency is Technical Efficiency (TE) and Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE). Tobit Regression analysis shows that technical efficiency is higher for non industrial complex firms than for industrial complex firms. Therefore, it can be seen that the efficiency of the companies residing in industrial complexes is rather weaker than that of non-industrial complex firms. Analysis by industry, industrial complex firms are inefficient compared to non industrial complex firms in the manufacturing industry and construction industry. In particular, the longer the workforce and the greater the CEO age, the more negative the effect on the efficiency. This suggests that the synergy among companies has weakened as industrial complexes have become obsolete and time-consuming businesses have diversified. in the case of Namdong and Banwol, firms that are engaged in machinery, electricity, and electronics, which are the main flagship industries, have gradually decreased in accordance with the changes in industrial structure. Instead, the number of simple processing companies such as beverages and foodstuffs has increased, and the number of small sized enterprises, such as construction and wholesale/retail businesses, which do not require technology development, is increasing. Indeed, the proportion of companies with less than 50 employees in 2016 exceeded 95% in the case of the southeast and 96% in the case of the Banwol. In addition, the average number of Korean industrial complexes is 16.3%, compared to 10.8% in Namdong and 13.3% in Banwol. This implies that there is a possibility that industrial complex firms lose their competitiveness compared to non-industrial complex firms due to the decrease in the role and effect of industrial complexes, encourage the departure of competent industrial complex firms and leading companies, and accelerate the weakening of competitiveness. This study is the first attempt to analyze efficiency and analyze the determinants of industrial complex firms. In particular, efficiency is compared and distinguished by type of industry and presence of industrial complexes. As a result, it is necessary to review the roles and functions of industrial complexes.

개성공단 재개를 위한 검토와 향후 추진 과제

이해정 법무부 2022 統一과 法律 Vol.- No.50

Since the adoption of the Kaesong Industrial Complex Development Agreement in 2000, the Kaesong Industrial Complex has developed into a win-win economic cooperation model experiment site where 55,000 South and North Korean workers work together. From January to November 2015, the cumulative production of the Kaesong Industrial Complex was $520 million, up 62.5% from $320 million in 2010, and the number of workers reached 55,000. The Kaesong Industrial Complex project, which lasted for 16 years until February 2016, is a representative inter-Korean economic cooperation project that contains not only economic aspects but also a symbolic meaning of inter-Korean harmony. However, compared to the entire development plan of the Kaesong Industrial Complex, the current development area is 5%, the number of companies is 6%, and the employment manpower is only 15%, so there are many considerations to resume development as planned. Considering the dense and elaborately accumulated sanctions of the international community, there are many things to consider for the resumption of the Kaesong Industrial Complex. In particular, there are many tasks accumulated during the 12-year operation period from 2004 to 2016. Things to consider for the resumption of the Kaesong Industrial Complex include the international community’s sanctions against North Korea, protecting investment assets and resolving disputes, securing the number of visitors to the Kaesong Industrial Complex, preventing the recurrence of interruptions, addressing traffic, communication, and tariff problems, and efficient use of labor. It is not a violation of sanctions for businessmen to visit North Korea and inspect the facilities before the resumption of the Kaesong Industrial Complex, and it is a necessary measure to resume the complex. When the Kaesong Industrial Complex was suspended in 2013, tenant companies visited North Korea on July 10 to inspect the facility and restarted it on September 16. In May 2019, the Ministry of Unification approved the application to visit North Korea for the purpose of verifying the assets of businessmen in the Kaesong Industrial Complex, but the visit was not achieved due to North Korea’s lack of response. Inspection of facilities through businessmen’s visit to North Korea is a task that can be reviewed first. Tourism in the Kaesong area, the first representative project that can be pursued in the face of sanctions, can also be considered. This is because non-material human exchange cooperation in the fields of tourism, education, administrative infrastructure, sports, and culture can be reviewed first. Small-scale human traffic can be promoted in the tourism field that does not violate international sanctions against North Korea. One-day tours to Geumgangsan Mountain and Kaesong are expected to be possible while complying with international sanctions on North Korea as there is no need for facility renovation, materials, and supplies. In order to fully restart the Kaesong Industrial Complex, upgrade the first phase of the Kaesong Industrial Complex project, and promote the second phase, sanctions relief measures at the level of lifting the Security Council Sanctions No. 2270 adopted in March 2016 are needed. Once conditions are created for the resumption of the existing inter-Korean economic cooperation project, it is necessary to establish the Kaesong Industrial Complex project as a successful economic cooperation model for inter-Korean co-prosperity. It is necessary to expand and develop the Kaesong Industrial Complex project, a representative inter-Korean economic cooperation project that occupies an absolute proportion of inter-Korean economic cooperation after the suspension of the Geumgangsan Mountain tour. The development of the second Kaesong Industrial Complex can be considered after the Kaesong Industrial Complex is fully developed and stabilized first, such as the internalization of the first stage and the promotion of t... 개성공단은 2000년 개성공단 개발 합의서 채택 이후, 55,000여 명의 남북한 인력이 함께 생산 활동을 하는 상생(win-win)의 경협 모델 실험장으로 발전하였다. 2015년 개성공단 누적 생산액은 5.6억 달러로, 2010년 3.2억 달러 대비 74.2% 증가했고, 근로자도 55,808명에 달했다. 2016년 2월까지 16년간 지속된 개성공단 사업은 경제적 측면뿐 아니라 남북화해의 상징적 의미도 내포하고 있는 대표적인 남북경협 사업이다. 그러나 개성공단의 전체 개발계획 대비, 현재 개발 면적은 5%, 업체 수 6%, 고용 인력은 15% 내외 수준에 불과하여 향후 계획대로 개발이 재개되려면 고려할 사항이 다수 존재한다. 촘촘하고 정교하게 누적되어 온 국제사회의 제재 국면을 고려할 때 개성공단 재개를 위해서는 고민해야 할 지점이 많다. 특히, 2004년부터 2016년까지 12년간의 가동 기간 동안 중단과 재가동을 겪으면서 쌓여 온 과제들도 적지 않다. 개성공단의 발전적 재개를 위해서는 ① 국제사회의 대북 제재 국면 고려 및 국제화 방안 검토, ② 투자자산 보호 및 분쟁 해결, ③ 출입 인원의 신변안전 보장, ④ 공단의 안정적 운영 및 중단 사태 재발 방지, ⑤ 통행·통신·통관의 3통 문제, ⑥ 노동력의 효과적 활용 등을 고려해야 한다. 개성공단 재개에 앞서 기업인들이 방북하여 시설을 점검하는 것은 제재에 위반되지 않으며, 재개를 위해 반드시 필요한 조치이다. 2013년 개성공단 중단 당시에도 9월 16일 재가동에 앞서 7월 10일 입주업체들이 설비 점검차 방북한 바 있다. 통일부는 2019년 5월 개성공단 기업인들의 자산 점검 목적의 방북 신청을 승인했으나, 북한의 무반응으로 방북은 성사되지 못했다. 기업인들의 방북을 통한 시설 점검은 현재 상황에서 우선 검토 가능한 과제이다. 제재 국면에서 우선 추진 가능한 대표적 사업인 개성지역에 대한 관광 역시 검토할 수 있다. 관광, 교육, 행정 인프라, 스포츠, 문화 분야에서 비물질적 인적 교류협력은 우선적으로 검토 가능하기 때문이다. 국제사회의 대북 제재에 위반되지 않는 관광 분야부터 소규모 인적 왕래를 추진할 수 있다. 금강산·개성에 대한 당일관광은 시설 개보수 및 자재, 물자 반출 등이 필요하지 않아 국제사회의 대북 제재를 준수하면서 진행이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 개성공단의 발전적 재개를 위한 전면 재가동 및 개성공단 1단계 사업의 내실화와 2단계 추진을 위해서는 2016년 3월 채택된 안보리 제재 제2270호 해제 수준의 제재 완화 조치가 필요하다. 기존 남북경협 사업의 재개가 가능한 여건이 조성될 경우, 개성공단 사업을 남북 상생의 성공적 경협 모델로 정착시켜 나갈 필요가 있다. 금강산관광 중단 이후 남북경협의 절대적 비중을 차지했던 대표적 남북경협 사업인 개성공단 사업을 우선 확대 발전시킬 필요가 있다. 개성공단 1단계의 내실화 및 2단계의 추진 등 개성공단이 먼저 충분히 발전되고 안정화된 이후에 제2의 개성공단 개발을 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 개성공단이 중장기적으로 확대 발전해 나가기 위해서는 통합형 모델과 국제화를 동시에 추진하는 한편, 개성공단 제품의 한국산 인정 노력도 병행할 필요가 있다. 개성공단의 발전적 재개를 위해서는 노동집약 제조업 중심의 공단에서 점차 2∼3단계로 확장해 나가면서 첨단·고부가가치 상품 생산과 관광·상업·물류 등이 함께 발전해 나가는 ‘통합형 개성공업지구’로 확대 발전시켜 나가야 한다. 이를...

노후산업단지의 경쟁력강화제도

李鍾永(Yi, Jong-Yeong),趙雨成(Cho, Woo-Seong) 중앙법학회 2015 中央法學 Vol.17 No.4

Law policy about industrial complex and management which made primary contribution to Korea"s economic development which is role model in world history, should change in accordance to the industrial structure and characteristics of the time. Industrial complex which was made in order to push forward the economic development since the 1960s had played a pivotal role of Korea"s manufacturing industry and had led economic growth as a major industries. As time goes by after the completion of construction, industrial structure had changed from the large-scale equipment industry to the small-scale and high-tech knowledge industry. Industrial complex needed change and response in accordance with this change, but because of the deterioration of infrastructure competitiveness of the complex is getting reduced. And it also raised urban problems like air-pollution, noise and traffic jam as industrial complex had incorporated into the city. Re-establishing an decrepit industrial complex to competitive industrial can be derived from one state"s industry promotion project. Current "INDUSTRIAL SITES AND DEVELOPMENT ACT", "INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT AND FACTORY ESTABLISHMENT ACT" and "SPECIAL ACT ON VITALIZATION AND STRENGTHENING COMPETITIVENESS OF DECREPIT INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX"(hereinafter referred to as the "DECREPIT INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ACT") involve Regeneration project system, Projects for upgrading structures of industrial complexs system, and Strengthening competitveness project system each, in order to revitalize decrepit industrial complex. But, Regeneration project and Projects for upgrading structures of industrial complexs deal with substantially same matter in different part of the system and legal basis, but in reality it shows similar way how to check and resolve the problem about decrepit industrial complex. During more than 20 years have elapsed after After ground was broken which decrepit industrial complex for strengthening competitiveness just as the industrial complex, The recently enacted DECREPIT INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ACT is limeted national industrial complex and industrial complex in general to main role of development and a healthy national economic development. DECREPIT INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ACT are looking to old age based industrial complex to concentrate the budget and the competence that the important role the reason for limiting the industrial complex as a target of strengthening competitiveness to the development of the national industry. In this respect Regeneration project and Projects for upgrading structures of industrial complexs due to “INDUSTRIAL SITES AND DEVELOPMENT ACT” and “INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT AND FACTORY ESTABLISHMENT ACT” means in terms of the system that target the decrepit industrial complex that does not belong to the subject of DECREPIT INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ACT. In the long run, projects for strengthening competitiveness of industrial complex suited in terms of reunification of system and aspects the effective budget that allows it to be promoted as a unified DECREPIT INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX ACT.

산업단지 정책 및 입지변화 특성 고찰

이삼수(Lee, Sam-Su),이현주(LEE, Hyeon-Joo),김태균(Kim, Tae-Gyun),김선우(Kim, Sun-Woo) 한국지역개발학회 2013 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

The goal of this research is to explore policies and locational change patterns of industrial complex to suggest policy implications for industrial complex development and regeneration in Korea. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, the size and type of industrial complex are showing different characteristics depending on the region. Second, the type and economic impact of industrial complex are showing different characteristics depending on the time of the designation. Third, the changes of location center of industrial complex may appear differently according to industrial complex characteristics, Fourth, the deregulation of policy and licensing procedures of industrial complex was increased industrial complex rapidly. Finally, Since 2020, the old industrial complex is expected to increased rapidly. Accordingly, the establishment of an early industrial complex regeneration strategy is needed. Therefore, the policies for industrial complex development and regeneration are needed in consideration of spatial patterns and locational attributes of industrial complex.

개성공단 재개에 관한 법적 쟁점

이효원 법무부 2017 統一과 法律 Vol.- No.31

Despite inter-Korean relations and political difficulties, the Gaeseong Industrial Complex functioned as a space for peaceful coexistence of the two Koreas. However, it has been suspended since February 2016. Even after the Moon Jae-in government was launched, North Korea has not made any changes, such as launching a missile test. The Gaeseong Industrial Complex is the greatest achievement of inter-Korean exchange and cooperation, and it will be an opportunity to improve inter-Korean relations. so efforts to resume the Gaeseong Industrial Complex are necessary. In order to resume the Gaeseong Industrial Complex, a political environment surrounding inter-Korean relations should be established, such as South Korea's national consensus, North Korea's change, and cooperation with the international community. In particular, it is essential to consider and prepare legal issues that may arise when resuming the Gaeseong Industrial Complex. First, South Korea's total abandonment of the Gaeseong Industrial Complex is an administrative act in which the government expresses a public view, but in itself does not have legal binding force. This is a highly political act that has the nature of governing behavior and is not an illegal act by itself, and therefore does not have legal responsibility. Second, North Korea could claim that it violated the agreement for normalization of the Gaeseong Industrial Complex against South Korea. However, the declaration by the South Korean government to suspend the entire Gaeseong Industrial Complex is not a violation of the inter-Korean agreement such as the agreement for the normalization of the Gaeseong Industrial Complex, and the agreement is not a treaty having legal force. Third, the UN Security Council resolution has a very strong international legal force in the international community, and both South and North Korea are members of the United Nations and bear international legal obligations to comply with it. When resuming the Gaeseong Industrial Complex, individual acts may violate the UN Security Council resolution. However, there is a plan to claim that it is not the object of the Security Council resolution because of the special nature of the inter-Korean relations, or it is recognized as an exception to its application by obtaining prior permission from the sanctions committee. It is necessary to persuade the international community that the Gaeseong Industrial Complex does not contribute to North Korea's nuclear weapons but to resolve the nuclear issue and achieve the peace and unification of the two Koreas. 개성공단은 남북관계와 정치적 어려움에도 불구하고 남북한의 상생과 평화공존의 공간으로 기능하였다. 하지만, 2016년 2월부터 전면 중단된 상태에 있다. 문재인 정부가 출범한 이후에도 북한은 미사일 발사시험을 하는 등 변화를 보이지 않고 있다. 개성공단은 남북교류협력의 가장 큰 결실이자 남북관계를 개선시킬 수 있는 계기가 될 것이므로 개성공단을 재개할 수 있는 노력이 필요하다. 개성공단을 재개하기 위해서는 남한의 국민적 합의, 북한의 변화, 국제사회와의 협력 등 남북관계를 둘러싼 정치환경이 마련되어야 한다. 특히, 개성공단을 재개할 경우에 발생할 수 있는 법적 쟁점을 미리 검토하고 준비하는 것은 반드시 필요하다. 첫째, 남한이 개성공단을 전면적으로 중단한 것은 정부가 공적 견해를 표명한 행정작용으로서 그 자체로는 법적 구속력을 갖지는 않는다. 이것은 고도의 정치적 행위로서 통치행위의 성격을 가지며, 그 자체만으로는 위법한 행위가 아니므로 법적 책임을 져야하는 것은 아니다. 둘째, 북한이 남한에 대해 개성공단 정상화를 위한 합의서를 위반하였다고 주장할 수 있을 것이다. 하지만, 남한 정부가 개성공단 전면 중단을 선언한 것은 개성공단 정상화를 위한 합의서 등 남북합의서를 위반한 것은 아니며, 그 합의서는 법적 효력을 갖는 조약에 해당하지 않는다. 셋째, 유엔 안보리 결의는 국제사회에서 매우 강력한 국제법적 효력을 가지며, 남한과 북한 모두 유엔 회원국으로 이를 준수할 국제법적 의무를 부담한다. 개성공단을 재개할 경우에 개별적인 행위가 유엔 안보리 결의에 위반될 소지가 있다. 하지만, 남북관계의 특수성을 이유로 안보리 결의의 적용대상이 아니라고 주장하거나 제재위원회로부터 사전에 허가를 받아 그 적용의 예외로 인정받는 방안이 있다. 개성공단은 북한의 핵무기 등에 기여하는 것이 아니라 핵문제를 해결하고 남북한의 평화와 통일을 달성하기 위한 노력이라는 것을 국제사회에 설득하는 노력이 필요하다.

국가 석유화학 산업단지의 악취유발물질 배출특성에 관한 연구

송승리,송재준 한국환경기술학회 2022 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.23 No.2

This study analyzes and collects data for two years from 2020 to 2021 and analyzes 578 odor test data from Yeosu, Ulsan, and Seosan. Based on the analysis data by time zone, region, location, etc, this study proposes practical measures suitable for petrochemical complexes by focusing on the odor generation environment and the characteristics of inducing substances. In the case of complex odors, the Yeosu National Industrial Complex exceeded the strict emission allowance standard by six times at two points in the management area, the Daesan Industrial Complex exceeded the standard twice in the management area and affected area, and the Ulsan Industrial Complex was within the standard. In the case of ammonia, the Yeosu Industrial Complex had a detection rate of about 70.4 % compared to the Ulsan Industrial Complex, more than twice the detection rate of the Ulsan Industrial Complex at about 31.4 %. Three items out of 22 designated odors were detected in the Yeosu Industrial Complex, five items were detected in the Ulsan Industrial Complex, and four types of aldehydes were detected in Daesan Industrial Complex. Except for one detection of i-butyl alcohol at the Ulsan Industrial Complex, it was judged that few items belonging to volatile organic compounds were detected. However, due to the nature of the petrochemical complex, volatile organic compounds have been reported several times, which requires real-time air pollutant measurement vehicles or operation of odor integrated control centers linked to workplaces to quickly analyze and identify responsibility. Designated odors, which are odor-causing substances and air pollutants that account for most of the emissions from the petrochemical industrial complex, are mainly composed of carbon. This study, which investigates and analyzes the concentration data of odor substances in Korea's three influential industries, aims to contribute to achieving the carbon neutral goal for zero carbon.

산업단지의 산업 다양성 및 상대적 효율성이 생산에 미치는 영향 : 노후산업단지를 대상으로

최명섭(Choi, Myoungsub),박환용(Park, Hwan-Yong) 한국주거환경학회 2021 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.19 No.1

본 연구에서는 노후산업단지의 상대적 효율성 및 업종 다양성이 과연 해당 산업단지의 생산에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 검토하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2014-2017년 94개 노후산업단지를 기준으로 콥-더글라스 생산함수에 상대적 효율성과 허핀달-허쉬만 지수의 역수를 포함하여 모형을 추정하였다. 또한 산업단지 및 입지 유형에 따라 그 효과가 다를 것이라 가정하여 이를 구분하여 접근하였다. 분석결과, 노후산업단지의 상대적 효율성은 산업단지 유형(국가산업단지/일반산업단지)과 입지 유형(수도권/비수도권)에 상관없이 생산에 정(+)으로 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 주고 있다. 이와는 반대로 노후산업단지의 업종 다양성은 기본적으로 생산에 부(-)의 영향을 주고 있으나, 수도권 국가산업단지와 비수도권 일반산업단지에서는 통계적 유의성을 확보하지 못하였다. 따라서 노후산업단지의 활성화를 위해서는 산업단지 입주업체의 비용절감을 통해 상대적 효율성을 높일 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 다만 노후산업단지의 업종 다양성 측면에서는 산업단지 및 입지유형을 반드시 감안하여야 하고, 업종 선정에 있어 해당 산업단지에 입주한 업체들과의 산업간 연계성을 고려하는 등 보다 면밀한 접근이 요구된다. This study aimed to evaluate an effect of relative efficiency and industrial diversity of old industry complex on production. Cobb-Douglas production function was estimated with consideration of relative efficiency and inverse of Herfindahl-Hirschman Index for the 94 old industrial complexes during 2014 to 2017. Since an effect on production would be varied by industrial complex types and location types were also considered in production model. As a result, statistically significant positive effects on productivity in old industrial complex has been estimated regardless of not only types of industrial complex (national/general industrial complex) but also location type (capital/non-capital area). In contrast, diversity was estimated to have a negative impact on productivity but it does not show statistical significance. Therefore, to activate old industrial complex, plans for increases of relative efficiency by operation cost reductions of businesses in industrial complex will be needed. And to diversify the industrial types in old industrial complex, plans should consider types of industrial complex and location type and to select business should consider industrial linkages among companies in old industrial complex.

산업단지 지원정책 효과 분석에 관한 연구: 산업단지 입주기업과 비입주기업 비교분석을 중심으로

이원빈 한국혁신학회 2024 한국혁신학회지 Vol.19 No.2

우리나라 정부는 산업집적지의 클러스터화를 통한 지역경제 경쟁력강화를 위해 산업단지 개발 공급에 대한 지원은 물론 입주기업의 경영활동을 지원하기 위한 다양한 정책을 수행하여 왔다. 이처럼 정부가 산업단지에 대한 재정지원을 하는 것은 산업단지 입주기업들이 집적효과와 같은 외부효과를 얻음으로써 산업단지 외부에 입지한 기업에 비해 생산성이나 이익률 등에 있어 더 나은 성과를 얻을 수 있다는 믿음이 존재하기 때문이다. 그러나 산업단지 지원정책에 대해 기업단위의 객관적 통계자료를 바탕으로 체계적으로 성과를 분석하거나 정부의 재정지원이 입주기업에 어떤 파급효과를 가져다주는지에 대한 구체적 연구가 거의 이뤄지지 못하였다. 본 연구에서는 국내 처음으로 산업단지 입주기업에 대한 전수조사 자료를 활용하여 KIS-Value 기업재무정보와의 매칭을 통해 구축한 패널테이터를 이용하여 정책수혜기업군인 산업단지 입주기업군과 비교대상 기업군인 산업단지 비입주기업군에 대한 집단패널GLS모형을 통한 비교분석으로 산업단지 지원정책의 성과를 분석하였다. 실증분석결과 산업단지 지원정책의 정책수혜 기업인 산업단지 입주기업군이 비입주기업군에 비해 대체적으로 매출액영업이익률이 높은 것으로 나타나 산업단지에 대한 정책지원의 효과는 존재하는 것으로 판단된다. 산업단지 입주기업 중에서도 주로 중위기술산업군과 규모가 작은 중소기업일수록 산업단지 입주에 따른 효과가 존재하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 조성된 지 20년 이상 된 노후산업단지가 입주기업의 평균적인 매출액영업이익률이 산업단지 전체 입주기업보다도 높은 것으로 확인되어 노후산단에 대한 정책지원효과가 더 큰 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 산업단지 지원정책의 방향도 신규 산단 조성과 함께 기존 산단에 대한 지원을 통해 재정투입의 효과성을 보다 높이도록 해야 하며, 이를 위해서는 노후산단의 경쟁력 강화를 위한 지원정책의 비중을 확대하는 것이 필요하다. The Korean government has implemented various policies to support the management activities of tenant companies as well as support industrial complex development and supply in order to strengthen regional economic competitiveness through clustering of industrial clusters. The government provides financial support for industrial complexes because there is a belief that companies in industrial complexes can achieve better productivity and profit margins than companies located outside industrial complexes by obtaining external effects such as agglomeration effects. However, few studies have been conducted on the industrial complex support policy based on objective statistical data at the enterprise level or on the ripple effect of the government's financial support on tenant companies. For the first time in Korea, this study analyzed the performance of the industrial complex support policy using panel data established through matching with KIS-Value corporate financial information. As a result of the empirical analysis, the group of companies moving into the industrial complex, which is a policy beneficiary of the industrial complex support policy, generally has a higher operating profit ratio on sales than the group of non-resident companies, so it is judged that the effect of policy support for industrial complexes exists. Among the companies moving into the industrial complex, it was confirmed that the effect of moving into the industrial complex exists mainly in the middle technology industry group and small and medium-sized enterprises. In particular, it was confirmed that the average sales and operating profit ratio of tenant companies was higher than that of the entire industrial complex, confirming that the policy support effect for the old industrial complex was greater. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of financial investment by supporting existing industrial complexes along with the creation of new industrial complexes, and to this end, it is necessary to expand the proportion of support policies to strengthen the competitiveness of old industrial complexes.

인천지역 산업단지의 미래지향적 산업단지 조성을 위한 정책 방안

배경화(Bae, Kyung-hwa) 인천대학교 인천학연구원 2012 인천학연구 Vol.16 No.-

지금까지 산업단지는 우리나라 제조업의 생산과 수출, 그리고 고용에 있어서 중추적인 역할을 수행하고 있으나, 산업단지의 노후화와 정주여건의 악화로 인해 낡은 생산 공간이라는 인식과 함께 소음과 공해 등의 환경문제로 종종 주민과의 마찰을 초래하였다. 2011년 현재 착공 후 20년이상 경과한 노후 산업단지가 전국적으로 51개에 달하며, 이는 가동 중인 국가산업단지와 일반산업단지의 22%에 해당하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본고에서는 인천지역 산업단지의 미래지향적 산업단지 조성을 위한 정책방안을 살펴보았다. 지금까지 인천지역의 산업단지는 서울의 배후도시로서 서울에서 밀려난 영세기업들이나 공해배출기업들이 초반에 몰리면서 계획입지의 단순한 중후장대형 산업단지가 조성되어 운영되어 왔다면 미래지향적인 산업입지는 달리 운영될 것이다. 기존에 산업입지의 물리적인 인프라는 실제로 지역경제 발전의 필요조건이지만 충분조건은 아니다. 결론적으로, 인천지역의 미래지향적인 산업단지로서 소규모의 첨단형 단지로서, 융복합형 첨단산업단지로서, 그리고 지역의 새로운 창업열기를 끌어낼 수 있는 고성장기업의 창업가젤산업단지로의 미래지향적 방향의재설정이 필요한 시점이 바로 지금이다. Until now the industrial complex are to the production and the export and the employment of our country manufacturing industry and accomplishes the role which is central, with deterioration of the industrial complex with deterioration of settlement circumstance to be caused by, with the recognition which is an old productive space together often brought about rubbing of the resident and with environmental matter of sound arresting and high seas etc. 2011 present time after starting construction 20 years or more the old industrial complex which elapses accomplishes to 51 with national, this is the actual condition which is corresponding to 22% of the national industrial complex which are a in mobility and the general industrial complex. Here upon the sample from, tried to observe the politic plan for the role accomplishment which is effective from future aimful viewpoint about the existing industrial complex of Inch'on area. Until now the industrial complex of Inch'on area as the back city of Seoul zero three enterprises which are pushed out from Seoul or is pursued to the high seas exhaust enterprise capacity opening and the plan mouth lichen the profound pole style industrial complex which is simple is created and is operated and if is come and future industrial mouth is aimful to be operated differently. The industrial??mouth lichen infra is physical actually only necessary condition intelligence of area economic development is not the sufficient condition in existing. Conclusionally, future of Inch'on area as the industrial complex which is aimful as the small-scale up-to-date style complex, as the complex style frontier industry complex, and the point of view where the reset of future aimful direction at the establishment gazelle industrial complex of the high growth enterprise which is the possibility the area of taking out a new establishment heat is necessary is rightly now.

산업단지 생산성과의 결정요인에 관한 연구

구상회(Koo, Sang Hoe),이찬희(Lee, Chan Hee),구자헌(Koo, Ja Heon),정준(Jeong, Jun Ho) 대한부동산학회 2021 大韓不動産學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

산업단지는 국가경제성장과 국토균형발전의 정책수단으로서 지역 및 국가발전에 많은 기여를 해왔지만, 조성 후 30년 이상된 노후산업단지 비율이 높아지면서 산업단지의 혁신이 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 전국의 1,220개 산업단지 중, 단지면적이 30만㎡ 이상인 157개 국가·일반산업단지의 생산성과에 영향을 주는 내외부의 영향요인을 탐색하고, 산업단지 생산액에 미치는 영향도를 분석하였다. 산업단지 생산성과는 산업단지 자체의 속성요인 뿐만 아니라 산업단지 위치에 따른 지역요인 및 산업단지 지원정책과, 상위수준 요인인 산업별 경기변동 요인에 의해 포섭되는 계층적 구조의 데이터 특성을 감안하여 위계선형모형을 통해 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 산업단지들의 생산성과는 각 산업단지의 내부속성(계획적, 물리적, 입지특성, 노후도)에 앞서 각 산업단지가 위치한 지역과 입주업종에 교차분류된(cross-classified) 형태로 내포되어 있다. 둘째, 생산성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 요소로는 업종별 총 생산액, 산업단지별 산업시설용지 면적, 산업단지 소재지역의 인구수, 조성완료 후 경과년도가 있으며 공공시설 면적률이 커질수록 생산성과를 낮추는 것으로 분석됐다. 산업단지별 생산성과를 측정하기 위해서는 상위수준의 외적요인 통제하에 산업단지 자체의 내부속성 요인들의 영향력을 추정할 때 정확도를 더 높일 수 있다. Industrial complexes have contributed crucially to regional and national development as a policy tool for national economic growth and balanced national development, but as the ratio of old industrial complexes that have been built more than 30 years ago has increased, an innovation of industrial complexes is required. Therefore, this study is conducted with 157 national and general industrial complexes with an area of over 300,000㎡ out of 1,220 industrial complexes nationwide. The internal and external factors affecting the production performance of general industrial complexes were studied, and the degree of influence on the output value of each industrial complex was analyzed. The production performance of industrial complex is the data of a hierarchical structure that is covered not only by the attribute factors of the industrial complex itself, but also by regional factors and industrial complex support policies according to the location of the industrial complex, and economic fluctuations by industry, which is a higher-level factor to the production performance of industrial complex. The results of analysis through the hierarchical linear model considering the characteristics are as follows. First, the production performance of industrial complexes is implicit in the form of cross-classified in the region where each industrial complex is located and the main tenant business type of the industrial complex beside the internal properties of each industrial complex. Second, factors that have a positive effect on the production performance are the total production output by the industry, the area of the industrial facility site by the industrial complex, the number of population in the industrial complex, and the year after completion. When external factors are controlled in the model, it is possible to estimate the impact of internal factors on industrial site production performance more accurately.