영일만 수질의 시,공간 변동에 미치는 담수유입의 효과

김영숙 ( Young Sug Kim ),김영섭 ( Young Seop Kim ) 한국환경생물학회 2004 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.22 No.1

1998년에서 2000년까지 2월과 5월, 8월, 11월 각 분기별로 영일만과 형산강의 수질의 변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 그리고 형산강에서 영일만으로 유입되는 담수가 영일만 수질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였다. 수온은 5월과 8월에 높은 기온과 냉수대의 영향으로 표층수는 저층수보다 수온이 높으며,염분은 형산강으로부터 유입되는 담수의 영향으로 만 내측이 특히 낮은 특징을 나타내었다. 그리고 표·저층수의 염분차는 만 외측이나 만 중앙부에 비하여 만 내측이 크게 나타났다. COD는 8월과 11월에 각각 높게 나타낮으며, 2월이 가장 낮은 농도를 나타내었다. 정점별로는 표·저층 모두 대체적으로 영일만 내측에서 외측으로 갈수록 점차 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 그 차는 크게 나타낮다. DIN의 평균농도는 8월에 가장 높고, 5월에 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 정점별로는 표·저층수 동일하게 5월을 제외하고 정점 1에서 가장 높았으며, 대체로 만 외측으로 갈수록 점차 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. PO₄-P의 평균농도는 2월에 가장 높았고 8월에 가장 낮았다. 정점별로는 정점 1에서 헌저히 높았고 만 중앙부에 위치한 정점 3, 그리고 만 바깥쪽인 정점 4에서 점차적으로 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 저층수에서는 11월에 높은 농도를 나타내었으며, 정점별로는 표층과는 상이하게 정점 5와 정점 1에서 높은 농도를 나타내었다. 분기별 형산강수질의 변동에서, COD는 2월과 5월이 각각 높았으며, 전반적으로 유량이 큰 8월이 가장 낮았으나 영일만 수질의 변화와의 비교에서 영일만에 미치는 영향은 가장 크게 나타내었다. TN의 농도범위는 COD와 비슷한 양상을 보였는데, 2월과 5월이 높았고 8월이 가장 낮았다. 반면 TP의 경우에는 2월과 5월에 낮았다. DIN과 PO₄-P사이의 상관관계에서, 전반적으로 영일만 내의 외 해수 유입과 담수의 유입이 상호 복잡하게 영향을 미쳐 상관성이 낮은 수치(r²=0.5 이하)를 나타내었으며, 이는 만의 가장 내측인 정점 1과 만입구쪽인 정점 5에서의 상이한 양상으로도 알 수 있었다. 또한 만 내측인 정점 1, 2및 3에서 나타난 ΔN/ΔP의 부(-)의 상관 관계에서도 유입되는 담수의 영향이 큼을 알 수 있었다. 영일만에서는 대체적으로 ΔN/ΔP 원자비가 Redfild ratio 평균 6.4로 낮게 나타나 전 해역에서 DIN이 PO₄-P의 농도에 비하여 상대적으로 고갈된 상태를 나타내었으며, 반면에 과잉된 상태의 PO₄-P는 유입되는 형산강담수가 공급원으로 작용함을 알 수 있었다. In order to determine the effect of fresh water inflow from the Heongsan river on the changes of water quality in the Yeongil Bay (Korea), the seasonal changes of water temperature, salinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) and phosphate phosphorus (PO₄-P) concentrations were examined using the data set obtained five fixed points of Yeongil Bay from 1998 to 2000. The distributions and changes of COD and concentrations of total inorganic phosphorous (TIP) and nitrogen (TIN) at three points Heongsan river, were also compared with those of Yeongil Bay. Based on the correlations of DIN and PO₄-P, it was found that the inflow of freshwater affected on the water quality of Yeongil Bay. Such a complicacy was confirmed by the prominent differences in a few water quality measures between Site 1(the innermost area) and Site 5 (the mouth of the bay). The negative correlations in ΔN/ΔP at sites 1, 2 and 3 of the inner-part of the bay also indicated a large effect of freshwater inflow on the water quality of the bay. The extremely low atomic ratio of an average of 6.4 in ΔN/ΔP compared to the Redfild ratio suggested that the DIN was depleted in the overall bay system. In contrast, it was inferred that the excessive PO₄-P concentration was due to the inflow of freshwater from the Heongsan river.

Study on the shallow gas distribution in Yeongil Bay using seismic attribute analysis

원종필,신정균,하지호,전형구 한국지질과학협의회 2024 Geosciences Journal Vol.28 No.2

Seismic attribute analysis, a method of highlighting important information in seismic data, has been used in various fields. Recently, several studies have used seismic attributes to interpret seismic anomalies associated with subsurface gas. In this study, we applied seismic attribute analysis to seismic data acquired in Yeongil Bay to identify the subsurface gas distribution. Before applying seismic attributes to the Yeongil Bay seismic data, we selected promising seismic attributes and applied them to F3 Block seismic data to analyze the relation between the seismic attributes and seismic anomalies caused by subsurface gas. Since there are previous studies on the subsurface gas in the F3 Block, we could identify the characteristics of the seismic attributes based on the F3 Block seismic data. Then, we applied the selected seismic attributes to the Yeongil Bay seismic data to define the subsurface gas distribution. Through seismic attribute analysis, a three-dimensional gas distribution model of Yeongil Bay was generated, and this model can provide quantitative information on the subsurface geology of Yeongil Bay.

우리나라 연안해역 난 및 자치어의 분포특성

백정익,지환성,유효재,황강석,김두남 한국수산과학회 2021 한국수산과학회지 Vol.54 No.4

The distribution and abundance of fish eggs and larvae were investigated from February to December 2020 alongthe coastal waters of Korea. The eggs and larvae were identified using the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidasesubunit I (mtDNA COI) and 16s rRNA gene. During the study period, eggs of overall 45 taxa belonging to 26families were collected and larvae of overall 39 taxa belonging to 23 families were collected. In Yeongil Bay, eggs ofEngraulis japonicus, which accounted for 83.9% of the total population, was the most dominant species, followed bySardinops sagax (4.0%), Repomucenus valenciennei (3.8%) and E. japonicus larvae, which accounted for 34.9% ofthe total population. These were followed by Sebastiscus marmoratus (31.0%). In Gomso Bay, E. japonicus eggs accountedfor 61.7% of the total population, followed by Sillago japonica (14.0%), Johnius grypotus (8.8%) and Pholisfangi larvae, which accounted for 53.5% of the total population, followed by Ammodytes personatus (34.1%). InJinhae Bay, E. japonicus eggs accounted for 86.0% of the total population, followed by Leiognathus nuchalis (4.1%),Konosirus punctatus (3.7%) and E. japonicus larvae, which accounted for 48.7% of the total population, followed byParablennius yatabei (21.6%).

경상북도 영일만에 분포하는 이매패류의 자원조사

차병열,이채성,문태석,박미선 한국패류학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.27 No.1

Bivalves collected by a dredge in Yeongil Bay of Gyeongsangbuk-Do Province, Korea in May, 2010 and August, 2010 were 2 species including Dostinorbis japonicus and Scapharca broughtonii. The total abundance of bivalves were 1,703 inds. and 140.9 kg. Among them, the abundance of D. japonicus were 1,198 inds. and 76.1 kg. And the abundance of S. broughtonii were 505 inds. and 64.8 kg. The shell length by bivalves species were 25.76-67.88 mm (mean, 58.08 mm) in D. japonicus and 46.82-113.74 mm (mean, 76.86 mm) in S. broughtonii consisting mainly of recruitment group. By regional abundance comparison, the bivalves abundance collected in the outside harbor was 1,332 inds. and 105.4 kg, which was much more than that of the inside harbor indicating 371 inds. and 35.5 kg. In terms of size, the bivalves collected in the outside harbor were 49.49-67.88 mm (mean, 58.47 mm) in D. japonicus and 48.21-113.74 mm (mean, 77.48 mm) in S. broughtonii, which were larger than those of the inside harbor. The yearly biomass of the main commercial target species, S. broughtonii by swept area method (SAM) was estimated up to 242.1 tons. However, considering the regional differences of bivalves between the inside harbor and the outside harbor by abundance and size comparison, it might have been overfished to bivalves in the inside harbor. 조사기간 동안 경상북도 영일만 내의 총 6개 정점에서 채집된 패류는 피조개와 떡조개 2종 이었다. 패류의 총 채집개체수에서는 1,703마리, 총 생체량은 140.9 kg이었는데, 이중 떡조개가 개체수 1,198마리 (생체량 76.1 kg), 피조개가 개체수505마리 (생체량 64.8 kg) 이었다. 채집된 주요 패류의 각장범위는 떡조개가 25.76-67.88 mm (평균, 58.08 mm), 피조개가 46.82-113.74 mm (평균, 76.86 mm) 로서 성숙한 개체들이었다. 주요 패류의 해역별 채집량에 있어서는 항외지역이 개체수 1,332마리 (생체량 105.4 kg) 로 항내지역의 개체수 371마리 (생체량 35.5 kg) 보다 많았다. 또한, 패류의 크기에 있어서도 항외지역의 패류가 항내지역보다 큰 경향을 나타내었다. 소해면적법에 의한 영일만 내의 피조개 현존량은242톤으로 산정되었으며, 어업인들에 의해 이용되고 있는 피조개의 연 생산량은 17.93-95.53톤이었다.

경상북도 영일만에 분포하는 이매패류의 자원조사

차병열,이채성,문태석,박미선,Cha, Byung-Yul,Lee, Chae-Sung,Moon, Tae-Seok,Park, Mi-Seon 한국패류학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.28 No.2

조사기간 동안 경상북도 영일만 내의 총 6개 정점에서 채집된 패류는 피조개와 떡조개 2종 이었다. 패류의 총 채집개체수에서는 1,703마리, 총 생체량은 140.9 kg이었는데, 이중 떡조개가 개체수 1,198마리 (생체량 76.1 kg), 피조개가 개체수 505마리 (생체량 64.8 kg) 이었다. 채집된 주요 패류의 각장 범위는 떡조개가 25.76-67.88 mm (평균, 58.08 mm), 피조개가 46.82-113.74 mm (평균, 76.86 mm) 로서 성숙한 개체들이었다. 주요 패류의 해역별 채집량에 있어서는 항외지역이 개체수 1,332마리 (생체량 105.4 kg) 로 항내지역의 개체수 371마리 (생체량 35.5 kg) 보다 많았다. 또한, 패류의 크기에 있어서도 항외지역의 패류가 항내지역보다 큰 경향을 나타내었다. 소해면적법 (SAM) 에 의한 영일만 내의 피조개 현존량은 242톤으로 산정되었으며, 어업인들에 의해 이용되고 있는 피조개의 연 생산량은 17.93-95.53톤이었다. Bivalves collected by a dredge in Yeongil Bay of Gyeongsangbuk-Do Province, Korea in May, 2010 and August, 2010 were 2 species including Dostinorbis japonicus and Scapharca broughtonii. The total abundance of bivalves were 1,703 inds. and 140.9 kg. Among them, the abundance of D. japonicus were 1,198 inds. and 76.1 kg. And the abundance of S. broughtonii were 505 inds. and 64.8 kg. The shell length by bivalves species were 25.76-67.88 mm (mean, 58.08 mm) in D. japonicus and 46.82-113.74 mm (mean, 76.86 mm) in S. broughtonii consisting mainly of recruitment group. By regional abundance comparison, the bivalves abundance collected in the outside harbor was 1,332 inds. and 105.4 kg, which was much more than that of the inside harbor indicating 371 inds. and 35.5 kg. In terms of size, the bivalves collected in the outside harbor were 49.49-67.88 mm (mean, 58.47 mm) in D. japonicus and 48.21-113.74 mm (mean, 77.48 mm) in S. broughtonii, which were larger than those of the inside harbor. The yearly biomass of the main commercial target species, S. broughtonii by swept area method (SAM) was estimated up to 242.1 tons. However, considering the regional differences of bivalves between the inside harbor and the outside harbor by abundance and size comparison, it might have been overfished to bivalves in the inside harbor.

Levels and Patterns of Chlorobenzenes in Marine Sediments from Yeongil and Ulsan Bays of Korea

( Hyo Bang Moon ),( Hee Gu Choi ),( Sang Soo Kim ) 한국환경분석학회 2002 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.5 No.1

영일만 형망어업 어획물의 종조성 및 분포 특성

홍성익 ( Sung-eic Hong ),배재현 ( Jae-hyun Bae ),박창두 ( Chang-du Park ),박종명 ( Jong-myung Park ),윤병선 ( Byung-sun Yoon ),안희춘 ( Heui-chun An ) 한국어업기술학회 2016 수산해양기술연구 Vol.52 No.1

The species composition and distribution of catches by dredge gear in the Yeongil Bay, Korea were investigated on a seasonal basis from February to November, 2015. Total catches consisted of 44 species and 35 families. They were 13 species of fish, 10 species of crustacea, 5 species of echinodermata, 5 species of gastropoda, 4 species of cephalopoda and 3 species of bivalvia. Major catch species was shellfish and had seasonal variations in catch. In spring and winter, the catch of ark shell (Scapharca broughtonii) was increased. Adversely, the catch of admas venus clam (Callithaca adamsi) increased in sunmmer and autumn. Species diversity indices was high as the value of 1.99 in spring, and low to the value of 0.34 in summer. In addition, multi dimentional scaling (MDS) indices also was high in spring as the value of 1.99. In summer, the index was low as the value of 0.34. Similarity analysis based on species data was transformed by fourth root. With the result of cluster analysis and MDS analysis, species was divided into two groups. The first group as Group A consists of winter and spring species and another was Group B made of species in summer and winter.

Bivalve Mollusks in Yeongil Bay, Korea, 1. Introductory Part and Annotated List of Species

Lutaenko Konstantin A.,Je, Jong-Geel,Shin, Sang-Ho Korea Institute of Ocean ScienceTechnology 2003 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.25 No.2

An annotated listing of bivalve mollusks collected at 31 sampling sites in Yeongil Bay (eastern coast of Korea) at a depth of 0-52m is presented here. A total of 98 species belonging to 75 genera and 36 families are enumerated; all species are provided with habitat data (bathymetric distribution and bottom sediments character), given separately far living and dead (empty shells) specimens, and some with taxonomic and zoogeographic comments. Fifty-six species are illustrated with photographs. Astarte hakodatensis Yokoyama, 1920 (Astartidae), Nitidotellina pallidula (Lischke 1871) (Tellinidae) and Lyonsia nuculanoformis Scarlato in Volova et Scarlato, 1980 (Lyonsiidae) are found to be new to the Korean fauna, and the genus Salaputium Iredale, 1924 (Crassatellidae) with one species Salapurium Iredale, 1924(Crassatellidae) with one species Salaputium cf. unicum Hayami and Kase, 1993, previously described as being found only from submarine caves in the Ryukyu Islands, is recorded as being found in the East Sea(Sea of Japan) for the first time.

Distributions of dissolved rare earth elements and anthropogenic gadolinium in the Yeongil Bay, Korea

김주미,김태진 대한지질학회 2023 지질학회지 Vol.59 No.3

Recently, with the increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs) in various high-tech industries, anthropogenic REEs has been released over the past few decades into the aquatic environments. Among the REEs, anthropogenic gadolinium (Gdanth) has been reported in urbanized areas as a result of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, we collected water samples from the Yeongil Bay (YB), to investigate the distributions of dissolved REEs and Gdanth. The concentrations of dissolved REEs in the YB were gradually decreased as proximity to the sea. Significantly high concentrations of dissolved Gd (244.9 ± 100.6 pM, n = 3) were observed at riverside sampling sites, which were about 18 times higher than those at other sampling sites (13.7 ± 8.4 pM, n = 24). The Gd anomalies, which are defined by the ratio of the normalized measured concentration to theoretical concentration, also showed high values at riverside sampling sites (8.2 ± 3.1, n=3), whereas other sampling sites were < 1.4. The calculated Gdanth showed a negative correlation with the salinity, indicating that Gdanth from the Hyeongsan River may be conservatively mixed. Concentration of Gdanth at zero salinity were estimated as 869 pM by extrapolation. Our results indicate that a considerable amount of Gdanth is being discharged into the YB. Thus, mid- and/or long-term monitoring of Gdanth would be needed because it could be a major concern in the future.

이산화탄소 주입에 따른 포항 영일만 대수층 안정성평가

김남훈 ( Namhoon Kim ),정형식 ( Hyungsik Jung ),김관덕 ( Gvandek Kim ),정훈영 ( Hoonyoung Jeong ),신현돈 ( Hyundon Shin ),권이균 ( Yikyun Kwon ),최종근 ( Jonggeun Choe ) 대한지질공학회 2018 지질공학 Vol.28 No.2

대수층에 이산화탄소를 주입하여 저장하는 것은 대기 중 이산화탄소 농도를 저감하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 하지만 이산화탄소 주입 시 대수층의 압력증가로 단층 재활성화가 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 예방하기 위해 이산화탄소 주입에 따른 대수층 압력변화를 분석하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 포항영일만 지질모델의 이산화탄소 주입정에서 450 m 떨어진 EF1 단층과 530 m 떨어진 EF2 단층에 대해 안정성 분석을 수행하였다. 약 2년 동안 이산화탄소의 주입과 중단을 반복하는 두 가지 시나리오에서 대수층 압력변화가 단층에 영향을 주는지 일일주입량(20 tons, 40 tons, 100 tons)에 따라 분석하였다. 또한 각 일일주입량 별로 계획 주입량과 예측 주입량을 비교하였다. 이산화탄소 일일주입량이 20 tons인 경우 단층에서의 최대압력이 단충 재활성압의 65% 수준으로 단층의 재활성화 가능성이 낮았다. 일일주입량이 40 tons과 100 tons으로 증가해도 단층에서의 최대 압력이 단층 재활성압의 각각 71%와 80% 정도이다. 또한 일일주입량이 20 tons인 경우와 40 tons인 경우 계획 주입량과 예측 주입량이 거의 일치하였지만 100 tons인 경우 주입정의 공저압력 허용한계로 인해 시뮬레이션 예측 주입량이 계획 주입량에 미치지 못하였다. It is imperative to inject carbon dioxide(CO₂) into an aquifer for alleviating the emission of CO₂. However, faults in the aquifer can be reactivated due to pressure increasement. Analyses of pressure change of the aquifer is necessary to prevent the fault reactivation. In this research, we assess the stability of an aquifer in Pohang Yeongil bay by investigating the pressure variation of faults EF1 and EF2. Two scenarios, which repeat CO₂ injection and suspension during two years, are simulated. Each scenario includes cases of injection rates of 20, 40, and 100 tons/day. In addition, we analyze planned and predicted injection rates for each case. In case of 20 tons/day, the maximum pressure of faults is 65% of the reactivation pressure. Even if daily injection rates are increased to 40 and 100 tons/day, the maximum pressures are 71% and 80% of the reactivation pressures, respectively. For 20 and 40 tons/day cases, planned injection rates almost accord with predicted injection rates during whole simulation period. On the other hand, predicted injection rates are smaller than planned injection rates for the 100 tons/day case due to bottom-hole pressure limit of the injection well.