Dog Sperm Cryopreservation Using Glucose in Glycerol-free TRIS: Glucose Concentration, Exposure Time

유일정 한국임상수의학회 2013 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.30 No.6

The aim of the present study was to develop glycerol-free TRIS extender using glucose for dog sperm cryopreservation. We determined the appropriate concentration of glucose in glycerol-free TRIS and the exposure time in glycerol-free TRIS containing 0.3 M glucose at 4oC. Ejaculates of six dog sperm were cooled in glycerol-free TRIS through 4oC for 100 min, cooled at 4oC in TRIS with different glucose concentrations 0 M, 0.04 M, 0.1 M, 0.2 M and 0.3 M, respectively for 30 min followed by cryopreservation. After thawing at 37oC for 25 sec, membrane and acrosome integrities of dog sperm were evaluated. In addition, the effect of exposure time (10, 30, 50 and 70 min) of sperm to glycerol-free TRIS containing 0.3 M glucose at 4oC on progressive motility, viability, and DNA integrity following sperm cryopreservation was studied. Membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were assessed by 6-carboxyfluoresceindiacetate (6-CFDA)/propidium iodide (PI) fluorescent staining and Pisum sativum agglutinin conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate, respectively. DNA integrity was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, using flow cytometry. Sperm frozen in glycerol-free TRIS supplemented with 0.2 M or 0.3M glucose have an intact plasma membrane (CFDA+/PI-) after cryopreservation than sperm frozen in the extenders with lower glucose concentrations (p < 0.05). Acrosome integrity was significantly higher in the 0.3 M group than less than 0.1 M groups (p < 0.05). The sperm DNA fragmentation index did not differ according to exposure time, although progressive motility was significantly higher in the 50 min exposure group than the other groups (p < 0.05). These results indicate that cryopreservation of dog sperm is feasible and yields more motile sperm following freezing and thawing in glycerol-free TRIS containing 0.3 M glucose with the exposure time for 50 min at 4oC.

High-precision THz Dielectric Spectroscopy of Tris-HCl Buffer

이순성,강현아,도영웅,이규석,김진우,한해욱 한국광학회 2016 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.20 No.3

Tris-HCl buffer solution is extensively used in biochemistry and molecular biology to maintain a stablepH for biomolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins. Here we report on the high-precision THz dielectricspectroscopy of a 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer. Using a double Debye model, including conductivity of ionicspecies, we measured the complex dielectric functions of Tris-HCl buffer. The fast relaxation time of watermolecules in Tris-HCl buffer is ~20% longer than that in pure water while the slow relaxation time changeslittle. This means that the reorientation dynamics of Tris-HCl buffer with such a low Tris concentrationis quite different from that of pure water.

Effect of Fullerene Tris-adducts on the Photovoltaic Performance of P3HT:Fullerene Ternary Blends

Kang, Hyunbum,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kang, Tae Eui,Cho, Chul-Hee,Park, Sunhee,Yoon, Sung Cheol,Kim, Bumjoon J. American Chemical Society 2013 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.5 No.10

<P>Fullerene tris-adducts have the potential of achieving high open-circuit voltages (<I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB>) in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells (PSCs), because their lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level is higher than those of fullerene mono- and bis-adducts. However, no successful examples of the use of fullerene tris-adducts as electron acceptors have been reported. Herein, we developed a ternary-blend approach for the use of fullerene tris-adducts to fully exploit the merit of their high LUMO level. The compound <I>o</I>-xylenyl C<SUB>60</SUB> tris-adduct (OXCTA) was used as a ternary acceptor in the model system of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the electron donor and the two soluble fullerene acceptors of OXCTA and fullerene monoadduct (<I>o</I>-xylenyl C<SUB>60</SUB> monoadduct (OXCMA), phenyl C<SUB>61</SUB>-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), or indene-C<SUB>60</SUB> monoadduct (ICMA)). To explore the effect of OXCTA in ternary-blend PSC devices, the photovoltaic behavior of the device was investigated in terms of the weight fraction of OXCTA (<I>W</I><SUB>OXCTA</SUB>). When <I>W</I><SUB>OXCTA</SUB> is small (<0.3), OXCTA can generate a synergistic bridging effect between P3HT and the fullerene monoadduct, leading to simultaneous enhancement in both <I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB> and short-circuit current (<I>J</I><SUB>SC</SUB>). For example, the ternary PSC devices of P3HT:(OXCMA:OXCTA) with <I>W</I><SUB>OXCTA</SUB> of 0.1 and 0.3 exhibited power-conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 3.91% and 3.96%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the 3.61% provided by the P3HT:OXCMA device. Interestingly, for <I>W</I><SUB>OXCTA</SUB> > 0.7, both <I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB> and PCE of the ternary-blend PSCs exhibited nonlinear compositional dependence on <I>W</I><SUB>OXCTA</SUB>. We noted that the nonlinear compositional trend of P3HT:(OXCMA:OXCTA) was significantly different from that of P3HT:(OXCMA:<I>o</I>-xylenyl C<SUB>60</SUB> bis-adduct (OXCBA)) ternary-blend PSC devices. The fundamental reasons for the differences between the photovoltaic trends of the two different ternary-blend systems were investigated systemically by comparing their optical, electrical, and morphological properties.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2013/aamick.2013.5.issue-10/am400695e/production/images/medium/am-2013-00695e_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am400695e'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Polymerization and Optical Properties of Polymers with High Tensile Strength Added Isocyanate Group

성아영,예기훈 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2013 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.6 No.1

Polyurethane resin containing isocyanate is marked by excellent tensile and mechanical strengths and this test aims to gauge its applicability as a medical high polymer. Tris [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]isocyanurate and hexamethylenediisocyanate were added to a basic mixing ratio of HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), MMA (methyl methacrylate), NVP (n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and crosslink agent, EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) with increasing proportions and copolymerized respectively. Also, the basic physical properties of the polymerized high polymers including refraction rate,tensile strength, light transmission and water content were measured to confirm that they are appropriate as hydrogelcontact lenses. After measuring the physical properties of high performance polymers produced by adding tris [2-(acryloyloxy) ethyl]isocyanurate, it was found that the average tensile strengths of sample TRIS1 to TRIS10 were between 0.285 and 0.612 kgf, while the average values of refractive index were ranged from 1.441 to 1.449 with water content from 30.00 to 37.35%.The measurement of physical properties of the copolymers generated by adding hexamethylenediisocyanate showed that the average tensile strength of sample HEXA1 to HEXA10 ranged from 0.267 to 1.742 kgf, the refractive index ranged from 1.443 to 1.475 and water contents were in the range of 21.22 to 35.58%. In all combinations the transmission rates satisfied the transmittance of general hydrogel contact lenses. From theresults, it is possible to conclude that the produced copolymers can be used as contact lens materials with excellent tensile strength.

Synthesis, Characterization and Complexation Behavior Investigations of Novel Bis- and Tris-crown Ethers

Huang, Zhi Bin,Kim, Sung-Hong,Chang, Seung-Hyun Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.6

Novel bis- and tris-crown ethers were synthesized from 1-aza and diaza-crown ethers with 2-acryloyloxy-methyl crown ethers through Michael addition. The synthesized bis- and tris-crown ethers were characterized by their elemental analyses, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, mass spectra, IR spectra, respectively. The complexation behavior of the bis- and tris-crown ethers with $Li^+$, $Na^+$, $Na^+$, $Rb^+$, $Cs^+$ was examined by $^1H$-NMR, FAB mass, and UV spectrometry.

Polymerization and Optical Properties of Polymers with High Tensile Strength Added Isocyanate Group

Sung, A-Young,Ye, Ki-Hun The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2013 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.6 No.1

Polyurethane resin containing isocyanate is marked by excellent tensile and mechanical strengths and this test aims to gauge its applicability as a medical high polymer. Tris [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]isocyanurate and hexamethylenediisocyanate were added to a basic mixing ratio of HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), MMA (methyl methacrylate), NVP (n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and crosslink agent, EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) with increasing proportions and copolymerized respectively. Also, the basic physical properties of the polymerized high polymers including refraction rate, tensile strength, light transmission and water content were measured to confirm that they are appropriate as hydrogelcontact lenses. After measuring the physical properties of high performance polymers produced by adding tris [2-(acryloyloxy) ethyl]isocyanurate, it was found that the average tensile strengths of sample TRIS1 to TRIS10 were between 0.285 and 0.612 kgf, while the average values of refractive index were ranged from 1.441 to 1.449 with water content from 30.00 to 37.35%.The measurement of physical properties of the copolymers generated by adding hexamethylenediisocyanate showed that the average tensile strength of sample HEXA1 to HEXA10 ranged from 0.267 to 1.742 kgf, the refractive index ranged from 1.443 to 1.475 and water contents were in the range of 21.22 to 35.58%. In all combinations the transmission rates satisfied the transmittance of general hydrogel contact lenses. From theresults, it is possible to conclude that the produced copolymers can be used as contact lens materials with excellent tensile strength.

Improvement of Plant Protein Solubilization and 2-DE Gel Resolution through Optimization of the Concentration of Tris in the Solubilization Buffer

Cho, Jin-Hwan,Cho, Man-Ho,Hwang, Hee-Youn,Bhoo, Seong-Hee,Hahn, Tae-Ryong Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.6

It is important to solubilize acetone-precipitated proteins before isoelectric focusing (IEF) to achieve high resolution 2-DE gels. To resolve the maximum possible number of plant protein spots, we developed an improved solubilization buffer for plant proteins. We demonstrated that the resolution of 2-DE gels increased dramatically as the concentration of Tris-base increased, with maximum solubilization obtained at 200 mM Tris-base (Ly200T). The Ly200T buffer was more effective than the commonly used solubilization buffer containing 40 mM Tris at solubilizing acetone-precipitated plant proteins. Use of the Ly200T buffer to solubilize proteins resulted in an increase in intensity of approximately 30% of plant protein spots in the larger-than-40 kDa region of the gel. The Ly200T buffer also improved the resolution of abundant and basic proteins. Thus, the Ly200T buffer can be used to achieve greater resolution of protein spots in plant proteomics research.

Improvement of Plant Protein Solubilization and 2-DE Gel Resolution through Optimization of the Concentration of Tris in the Solubilization Buffer

Jin-Hwan Cho,조만호,황희연,부성희,Tae-Ryong Hahn 한국분자세포생물학회 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.6

It is important to solubilize acetone-precipitated proteins before isoelectric focusing (IEF) to achieve high resolution 2-DE gels. To resolve the maximum possible number of plant protein spots, we developed an improved solubiliza-tion buffer for plant proteins. We demonstrated that the resolution of 2-DE gels increased dramatically as the con-centration of Tris-base increased, with maximum solubili-zation obtained at 200 mM Tris-base (Ly200T). The Ly200T buffer was more effective than the commonly used solubi-lization buffer containing 40 mM Tris at solubilizing ace-tone–precipitated plant proteins. Use of the Ly200T buffer to solubilize proteins resulted in an increase in intensity of approximately 30% of plant protein spots in the larger-than-40 kDa region of the gel. The Ly200T buffer also im-proved the resolution of abundant and basic proteins. Thus, the Ly200T buffer can be used to achieve greater resolution of protein spots in plant proteomics research.

정적 및 동적 조건하에서의 생체유리표면에 형성되는 수산화아파타이트 거동

김철영,박영기,박응석,장성열 한국생체재료학회 2004 생체재료학회지 Vol.8 No.4

The bioactive glasses as an implant material show a high biocompatibility through forming of a hydroxyapatite crystal layer on their surface when they are implanted. Many studies on bioactive glasses have been carried out, but not many works have been studied on the effects of reaction conditions on the hydroxyapatite formation. The aim to the present study is to get some insight of hydroxyapatite formation behavior when the 45S5 (46.1%SiO2-24.4%Na2O-26.9%CaO-2.6%P2O5 : mole%) glass is reacted in tris-buffer solution under the static and dynamic reaction conditions. The hydroxyapatite crystal layer is formed faster in dynamic reaction than in static reaction due to the enhanced reaction in dynamic condition. Under the dynamic condition, the ions leached from glass diffused out of the glass surface. This increased the concentration gradient of the ions between the glass and tris-solution, and enhanced further leaching. The thicker silica-rich layer produced promotes the hydroxyapatite formation.

생체유리에서 유리조성과 반응용액에 따른 아파타이트 형성

이재희,이정웅,김철영 한국세라믹학회 2000 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.37 No.11

Bioglass 조성 중 45S5 (46.1SiO$_2$.24.4$Na_2$O.26.9CaO.2.6P$_2$O$_{5}$ : 몰비)를 기본 조성으로 하여 46P4 (46.2SiO$_2$.49.5CaO.4.3P$_2$O$_{5}$ : 몰비), 46SF (46.1SiO$_2$24.4$Na_2$O.16.1CaO.2.6P$_2$O$_{5}$.10.8CaF : 몰비) 그리고 55SF (55.1SiO$_2$.9.2$Na_2$O.27.8CaO.3.4P$_2$O$_{5}$.4.5CaF : 몰비)를 제조하여 tris-완충용액 및 유사 생체용액(simulated body fluid)에서 반응시킨 후 생체활성유리의 표면에 생성되는 아파타이트 결정형에 관하여 연구하였다. 45S5 유리를 tris-완충용액에 반응시켰을 경우 6시간 반응시부터 수산화 아파타이트가 생성되었으나 유사 생체용액에 반응시켰을 경우에는 24시간까지도 수산화 아파타이트 결정이 생성되지 못하고 비정질 상태의 칼슘 인산염만 형성되었다. tris-완충용액에 각 조성의 유리를 200시간 반응시킨 경우 불소를 함유하지 않은 유리에서는 잎사귀 모양의 수산화 아파타이트가, 불소를 함유한 유리에서는 구상의 플루오르 아파타이트가 형성되었다. 그러나 유사 생체용액에 각 조성의 유리를 200시간 반응시켰을 경우 불소를 함유하지 않은 유리에서는 누에고치형의 수산화 아파타이트가 형성되었고 불소를 함유한 유리에서는 무정형의 칼슘 인산염이 생성되었다.