영아기 어머니의 자녀가치의 변화궤적이 유아기 어머니의 양육행동과 유아의 문제행동에 미치는 영향

정현수(Hyun Soo Jung),이진숙(Jin Suk Lee) 한국아동학회 2020 아동학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Objectives: This study aims to provide a longitudinal analysis on the structural relationship for the change trajectory of mothers’ value of children in infancy and how this value affects the mothers parenting behavior and subsequent behavioral problems of the child. Methods: This study employed longitudinal survey data from the 1<SUP>st</SUP> (2008)~3<SUP>rd</SUP> (2010) and the 6<SUP>th</SUP> (2013) surveys conducted by the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC). The subjects of this study included 1,601 children and their mothers. Results: Mothers’ value of children in infancy demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the initial value and the rate of change in both emotional value and instrumental value, both showing a decrease over time. A significant difference was also observed in mothers’ parenting behavior and their effect on the children’s behavioral problems. The higher the initial emotional value, the warmer and more controlling the parenting behavior. In addition, larger rates of change led to parenting behavior with lower levels of warmth and control. Additionally, mothers’ emotional value of children was shown to partially mediate the mothers’ parenting behavior and the resulting behavioral problems in children. The higher the initial instrumental value, the warmer and more controlling the parenting behavior. However, the rate of change for the instrumental value did not affect mothers’ parenting behavior in childhood nor the behavioral problems of the children. Conclusion: This study confirms mothers’ value of children in infancy changes over time. In addition, it also confirms that mothers’ value of children is an important mechanism that influences children’s behavioral problems by mediating parenting behavior; this occurs through the structural relationship in which mothers’ value of children in infancy affects mothers’ parenting behavior in childhood and the subsequent behavioral problems of the children.

어머니 문해행동과 유아의 인쇄물개념 및 쓰기능력 간의 관계

심지현,배선영 한국생애학회 2016 생애학회지 Vol.6 No.3

The study examined relationships between mothers' literacy behavior and children's knowledge development with print and writing. 140 4-year-old children and their mothers in Seoul and Kyungki province participated. The Mothers' Literacy Behavior Scale was used to measure the mothers' literacy behavior. Additionally, a modified version of Concept About Print(CAP) and Children's Writing Skill Test were used to measure children's print knowledge and writing ability, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation analysis. Findings include first, mothers' support in book-reading, environmental print, and writing which were mothers' literacy behaviors, were significantly correlated to children's print knowledge. Specificly, mothers' support in book-reading was significantly correlated to both ‘book orientation concept’ and ‘print convention’ in children’s concept about print. Mothers' support in writing and environmental print were significantly correlated to ‘print convention’ and ‘print-directions’ in children’s concept about print. Second, mothers' support in book-reading, environmental print, and writing were significantly correlated with children's writing ability. In detail, mothers' support in book-reading and environmental print were significantly correlated to ‘writing own name’ and ‘free writing’ in children’s writing ability. Mothers' support in writing was correlated to ‘writing own name’ ‘writing familiar characters(writing friend’s name)’ and ‘free writing’ in children’s writing ability, significantly. In conclusion, opportunities of joint book reading, environmental prints, and writing at home with mothers and literacy related interaction contributed to the development of children's concepts on print and writing competence.

어머니 양육스트레스와 유아 스마트폰 중독 간의 관계에서 어머니 스마트폰 중독의 매개효과

김진경(Jin Kyung Kim),윤혜주(Hye Ju Yun) 한국보육지원학회 2020 한국보육지원학회지 Vol.16 No.6

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effects of mother’s smartphone addiction on the relationship between mothers’ parenting stress and young children’s smartphone addiction. Methods: This study conducted a survey targeting a total of 327 mothers with young children between the ages of 3-5 years that were attending kindergartens and daycare centers in Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do, and the Busan region. After exploring the relationship between mothers’ parenting stress, mothers’ smartphone addiction, and young children’s smartphone addiction based on the collected data, this study comparatively analyzed the complete mediation and partial mediation models by using the structural equation. Results: The mothers’ smartphone addiction played a partial mediating role in the relationship between mothers’ parenting stress and young children’s smartphone addiction. In other words, the mothers’ parenting stress and mothers’ smartphone addiction were important variables for young children’s smartphone addiction. Conclusion/Implications: This study aims to provide basiv data for the prevention of problems caused by young children’s smartphone addiction, by exploring the paths of mothers’ parenting stress and mothers’ smartphone addiction which have effects on young children’s smartphone addiction.

어머니의 상위정서, 유아의 부정적 정서에 대한 어머니의 반응, 유아의 자아탄력성, 유아의 문제행동 간의 관계

김소라,김희태 한국열린교육학회 2018 열린교육연구 Vol.26 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate young children's gender difference of mothers' meta-emotion, mothers' reaction to young children's negative emotion, young children’s ego-resilience, and their behavior problem, and to examine effects of the relationship among mothers' meta-emotion, mothers' reactions to young children's negative emotion, young children's ego-resilience, and their behavior problem. The subjects were 279 pairs of preschoolers and their mothers who were enrolled in 11 child's care centers near Seoul. Mothers were asked to complete the questionnaire that assesses their meta-emotion and reactions to young children’s negative emotion, and teachers responded to the questionnaire that assesses young children’s ego-resilience and behavior problem. The results were as follows. First, there were meaningful differences on young children's gender in suppressive attitude and supportive beliefs of mothers' meta-emotion and young children's ego-resilience. Second, there were meaningful correlation among mothers' meta-emotion, mothers' reactions to young children's negative emotion, young children's ego-resilience, and their behavior problem. Third, mothers' supportive reactions to young children's negative emotion, attachment and self-control of their ego-resilience affected young children’s externalizing behavior problem. Also it was said that empathic acceptance, suppressive attitude, and supportive beliefs of mothers' meta-emotion, mothers' reactions to young children's negative emotion, and attachment, self-control, initiativeness of ego-resilience affected young children’s internalizing behavior problem. 본 연구는 유아의 성별에 따라 어머니의 상위정서, 유아의 부정적 정서에 대한 어머니의 반응, 유아의 자아탄력성, 문제행동이 차이가 있는지와 이들 변인들 간의 관계는 어떠하고 아울러 유아의 문제행동에 대한 각 변인들의 영향력이 어떠한지 살펴보는 것이 주된 목적이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 서울 및 경기지역에 있는 유아교육기관 어머니-유아 279쌍을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아의 성별에 따라 어머니의 상위정서의 억압적 태도와 지지적 신념, 유아의 자아탄력성은 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 어머니의 상위정서, 유아의 부정적 정서에 대한 어머니의 반응, 유아의 자아탄력성, 유아의 문제행동은 유의미한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유아의 외현화 문제행동에는 유아의 부정적 정서에 대한 어머니의 반응 중 지지적 반응, 유아의 자아탄력성 중 자기통제, 애착이 영향을 미치고 있었다. 넷째, 유아의 내재화 문제행동에는 어머니의 상위정서 중 억압적 태도, 공감적 수용, 지지적 신념과 유아의 부정적 정서에 대한 어머니의 반응 중 지지적 반응과 비지지적 반응, 그리고 유아의 자아탄력성 중 애착, 자기통제, 주도성이 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

유아기 자녀의 교육 및 훈육에 대한 어머니들의 담론 분석

배지희(Bae Ji Hi),박은영(Park Eun Young),박세진(Park Se Jin),김은혜(Kim Eun Hae) 한국유아교육·보육행정학회 2012 유아교육·보육복지연구 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구에서는 유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니들이 자녀의 교육과 훈육에서 가장 중요하게 생각하는 점이 무엇인지, 그리고 자녀의 교육과 훈육을 하면서 경험하는 어려움과 요구가 무엇인지에 대해서 어머니들의 담론을 통해서 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 서울·경기에 소재한 유치원 또는 어린이집에 자녀를 보내는 어머니 10명을 대상으로 심층면담을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 어머니들이 유아기 자녀의 훈육과 교육에 있어서 가장 중요하게 생각하는 점은 인성과 예절교육이었으나, 실제로는 한글이나 영어와 같은 학습적인 면에서의 교육도 시행하고 있었다. 또한 자녀가 외향적이고 리더십이 있는 사람으로 자라나도록 훈육하고 있었고, 본인이 받은 양육 경험과 상반된 교육과 훈육을 제공하려는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 어머니들은 자녀에게 적합한 훈육방법을 정확히 알기가 힘들고, 교육이나 훈육관의 차이로 인해 가족 간에 갈등이 야기될 때 어려움을 경험하였다. 또한, 어머니의 스트레스나 불안정한 정서상태가 자녀에게 전달된다고 느낄 때 교육과 훈육의 어려움을 호소하였다. 어머니들은 자녀의 교육과 훈육에 실제로 적용할 수 있는 구체적인 도움을 지속적으로 받기 원하고 있으며, 가족 전체를 대상으로 하는 지원 체제를 기대하는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of the study was to find out perceptions of mothers on young children's education and discipline and various difficulties experienced by mothers as they raise young children. In-depth interviews regarding these issues were conducted with 10 mothers with children enrolled in kindergarten or child care centers. The results of the study indicated that mothers perceive forming good character and learning appropriate etiquette as the priority of their child discipline. The mothers, however, also mentioned that academics including reading, writing, and learning foreign languages cannot be ignored in practice. The mothers also disciplined their children to learn social skills so that they could become leaders when they grow up. In addition, the mothers who were not satisfied with how they were grown up tended to educate their children differently from how the mothers themselves had been educated. The interviews revealed that the mothers encountered various difficulties as they educate and guide their children's behaviors. Lack of proper information for child rearing, conflicting ideas of child rearing between the mother and other members of the family such as parent-in-laws, lack of support from husband, and maternal stress that inevitably is being imposed on their children are major difficulties experienced by mothers of young children. These mothers expected parent education that focuses on individual needs instead of addressing general ideas for child rearing. They also expressed their needs for family involvement programs targeting the whole family members instead of just mothers.

어머니의 비만 스트레스와 어머니 및 유아 자녀의 비만도, 식품 섭취 및 활동량에 대한 연구

하애화(Ae-Wha Ha),김정화(Jong-Hwa Kim),유경숙(Kyong-Suk Yoo) 동아시아식생활학회 2008 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.18 No.5

The mother’s obesity-related stress and it's association with obesity, food intake, and physical activity in both mothers and their children were determined. Based on self-reports from 470 mothers, obesity stress of mothers were scored by using a five-point Likert scale; only low and high stress scores were used in this study. The perceptions of mothers’ weights and their children’s weights, mothers’ Body Mass Indices (BMI), and preschoolers’ Weight-Length Indices (WLI)(%) were also determined. The obesity stress of mothers was significantly associated with the mothers’ BMI (high stress: 23.5±2.4 vs. low stress: 19.6±1.7, p<0.05), but not with their children’s obesity. Mothers with a high obesity stress reported a higher percentage of family history of obesity (62.1% vs. 38.3%, p<0.001) than mothers with low obesity stress. Compared to mothers with low obesity stress, mothers with high stress had lower correct-perceptions about their weights (p<0.05) but higher correct-perceptions for their children’s weights. Almost 54.5% of mothers with high stress reported watching television 2 or more extra hours per day, compared with 32.2% of mothers with low stress (p<0.05). More children of mothers with high stress had long hours of daily TV viewing than children of mothers with low stress (36.0% vs. 15.3%, χ²=10.491, p<0.05). Mothers with high stress reported lower intake of protein-rich foods (p=0.01) and vegetables (p=0.039), but a higher intake of snacks (p=0.009), compared to mothers with low stress . More children of mothers with high stress reported eating high fat snacks or high sugar snacks everyday, but this was not statistically significant. In conclusion, high obesity stress in mothers were greatly associated with their BMI and their inactive life style, including long TV viewing hours per day and unbalanced food intakes, which can lead their children becoming inactive and obese. Special attention is recommended for overstressed mothers and their children, especially those who enjoy long hours of TV viewing.

미혼모의 정신건강과 모-자녀 상호작용 특성 분석

이경숙,노정숙,김수진 한국여성심리학회 2017 한국심리학회지 여성 Vol.22 No.4

This study compares parent-child interactions of single mothers with those of typical mothers raising children at the stage of infants and toddlers. Subjects were ten families of single mothers living in two homes for single mothers and their children who participated in a program to support single parent families. The control group included ten typical families of mothers at the same age level of the single mothers who had children at the stage of infants and toddlers. Mental health of the mothers were measured by CESD-10 for depression and STAI for anxiety. Parenting variables were checked by the K-PSI and mother-child interactions were measured by a mother –child interaction assessment tool. Mothers’ atypical behaviors were measured and classified by AMBIENCE. It was found that children of single mother showed higher levels of avoidance and resistance in interactions with their mother and lower levels of positive emotion and pursuit of interest than children of the typical mothers. The single mothers showed higher levels of invasion, resignation, and anciety and lower levels of participation, sensitivity, and positive emotion in interactions with their children than the typical mothers. The single mother showed higher levels of difficulty in mother-child intervention and stress control of children. In terms of intonation and emotional tones in language expression by mothers to their children, the single mother spoke to their children as if they were talking to adults, talked to their children infrequently, and used monotonous intonation. The single mothers also showed threatining attitude toward their children and failed to use cozy intonation and make response to their children’s signals properly. They were more negative and invasive physically and verbally and showed higher levels of behaviors of taking things from their children and keeping distance from their children than the typical mothers.

어머니의 양육효능감과 양육불안감, 양육행동이 유아의 학습준비도에 미치는 영향

임현주 ( Lim Hyun-ju ) 한국유아교육학회 2020 유아교육연구 Vol.40 No.6

본 연구는 어머니의 양육효능감과 양육불안감, 양육행동과 유아의 학습준비도의 구조적 관계를 살펴, 변인 간 나타나는 영향력 분석결과가 보여주는 시사점을 바탕으로 유아의 긍정적 학습준비도 발달을 돕는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구대상은 한국아동패널 7차년도에 참여한 유아와 어머니 1,620명이다. 연구를 위해 어머니의 양육효능감과 양육불안감, 양육행동(온정적, 한계설정), 유아의 학습준비도 검사도구의 신뢰도를 검증하였다. 수집된 자료는 평균과 표준편차, 왜도와 첨도를 살폈으며, 변인 간 Pearson 적률상관분석하였다. 또한, 변인 간 관계성을 알아보기 위해 구조방정식으로 분석하였는데 모델의 적합도가 우수하였다. 연구결과, 양육효능감은 유아의 학습준비도에 정적 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 온정적 양육행동과 한계설정 양육행동을 매개로 한 간접효과도 긍정적이었다. 양육불안감은 유아의 학습준비도에 부적영향을 나타내고 있었으며, 한계설정 양육행동을 매개로 한 간접효과는 정적 영향력을 나타내고 있었다. 온정적 양육행동과 한계설정 양육행동은 유아의 학습준비도에 긍정적 영향을 주고 있었다. 이에, 양육효능감, 온정적 양육행동, 한계설정양육행동은 유아의 학습준비도 발달에 긍정적 강화변인임을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influences of mothers’ parental competence, parental anxiety, and parenting style on children’s school readiness. Research participants included 1,620 children and their mothers from the 7th Panel Study of Korean Children of Korea Institute of Child Care and Education in 2014. Cronbach’s was calculated to determine the reliability of the measurement tool. The collected data were examined for mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis, and Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was performed between variables. The structural model was employed to process statistics to examine direct and indirect effects among data variables, and the result showed outstanding suitability of the model. As result, mothers’ parental competence positively influenced the development of children’s school readiness. Indirect effect of mothers’ warm parenting style and mothers’ permit-threshold setting parenting style as mediators also showed positive impact. Additionally, mothers’ parental anxiety had an adverse effect on children’s school readiness. However, with mothers’ permit-threshold setting parenting style as mediators, the effect was positive. Lastly, mothers’ warm parenting style and mothers’ permit-threshold setting parenting style had a positive impact on children’s school readiness. Thus, mothers’ parental competence, mothers’ warm parenting style and mothers’ permit-threshold setting parenting style can act as positive variables of the children’s school readiness.

유아의 문제행동 유형·원인에 대한 모의 인식 특성과 문제행동 지도방법에 미치는 영향요인 연구: 장애·비 장애유아 모의 비교

송서영 ( Song Seo Young ),허계형 ( Heo Kay Heoung ),손병덕 ( Sohn Byoung Duk ) 한국가족사회복지학회 2016 한국가족복지학 Vol.54 No.-

The purpose of this study was to determine types, causes and instructional methods of challenging behaviors perceived by mothers of young children with and without disabilities. Then it was also to determine influencing factors of mothers` socio-demographic variables and mothers` perceptions of types and causes of young children`s challenging behaviors on using instructional methods perceived by the mothers. The subjects were 176 mothers of young children aged from two to six including 100 mothers of young children without disabilities and 76 mothers of young children with disabilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Results showed that first, there were significant differences in areas on internalized challenging behaviors and avoidance of social activities for the types of challenging behaviors. Second, on the cause of challenging behaviors, areas on children`s behaviors and nature had significant differences between the groups. Third, on instructional method of challenging behaviors, there were significant differences on areas of establishing supportive environment and social and emotional strategies. Lastly, for the mothers of young children without disabilities, mothers` educational background and children`s nature area as cause of challenging behaviors significantly affected instructional methods. For the mothers of young children with disabilities, family`s income and others area as cause of challenging behaviors affected instructional methods. Developing practical application strategies were suggested based on the results. Research limitations and further research suggestions were also discussed.

The Relationship between Degree of Stress and Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy

윤미정,이완희,이재섭 대한물리치료학회 2012 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between degree of stress and quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This study’s subjects were 77 mothers of children under 10 years of age with cerebral palsy. The instrument is a self-administered, structured, written questionnaire. The tool that measured the degree of stress was created by modifying the questionnaire by Park (2004). Quality of life for all mothers with cerebral palsy was evaluated by the ShortForm-36 Health Questionnaire. To verify the effects on degree of stress and quality of life arising from general characteristics, t-tests and ANOVAs were conducted. The correlation between degree of stress and quality of life was analyzed via Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: The mothers’ degree of stress was rated as 2.69 out of 5; their quality of life was rated as 53.07 out of 100. There was a significant negative correlation between quality of life and the age of cerebral palsy and positive correlations between quality of life and mother’s age, background, and family income. Degree of stress among mothers has a positive correlation with quality of life. Conclusion: This study provides basic data about the relationship between degree of stress and quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between degree of stress and quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This study’s subjects were 77 mothers of children under 10 years of age with cerebral palsy. The instrument is a self-administered, structured, written questionnaire. The tool that measured the degree of stress was created by modifying the questionnaire by Park (2004). Quality of life for all mothers with cerebral palsy was evaluated by the ShortForm-36 Health Questionnaire. To verify the effects on degree of stress and quality of life arising from general characteristics, t-tests and ANOVAs were conducted. The correlation between degree of stress and quality of life was analyzed via Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: The mothers’ degree of stress was rated as 2.69 out of 5; their quality of life was rated as 53.07 out of 100. There was a significant negative correlation between quality of life and the age of cerebral palsy and positive correlations between quality of life and mother’s age, background, and family income. Degree of stress among mothers has a positive correlation with quality of life. Conclusion: This study provides basic data about the relationship between degree of stress and quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy.