Antioxidant Effect of Natural Fullerene (Shungite) in H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in vitro

Ma. Easter Joy Sajo,Cheol-Su Kim,Kim Soo-Ki,Kyu-Jae Lee 한국물학회 2016 한국물학회지 Vol.5 No.1

As fullerene-based compound application rapidly increased in health industry, the need of toxicological and biological effects is in demand. Here, we investigate the potential antioxidant properties of mineral-rich shungite and less mineral shungite in olive oil, fullerene-containing compound, against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells. The composition of the less mineral shFig. 5. Inflammatory cytokines mediate H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress. The concentration of (A) TNF-α, (B) IL-1β, (C) IL-10 cytokine was determined using ELISA after pure fullerene, mineral-rich shungite, and mineral-less shungite treatment.ungite is 94.79% atomic carbon analyzed by EDX X-ray spectrophotometer. Cell viability was significantly decreased by the exposure of mineral-rich shungite, mineral-less shungite, and pure fullerene C60 (25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for 24 hrs in the cultured HaCaT cells. Mineral-rich and less-mineral shungite compared to pure fullerene did not induce toxicity in vitro, therefore natural mineral shungite is safer to use for further investigation of its antioxidant property. Intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase level were also decreased compared to the level of the non-treated control group during the exposure period, while the level of super oxide dismutase (SOD) did not have significant change. Intracellular cytokine levels of IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-α were increased suggesting an induced inflammatory response by shungite. This study suggests that natural mineral shungite could be a novel antioxidant and could provide a new insight for oxidative and inflammatory related disease treatment.

청소년 성별에 따른 손톱의 영양미네랄 함량 비교분석

박미성,권기한 한국피부과학연구원 2014 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.12 No.6

According to analysis of correlations between nail growth and diseases, the selenium content oftoenails can be a barometer of liver or coronary artery disease. In addition, the calcium and magnesiumcontents of fingernails can be correlated with Bone Mineral Density (BMD) according to age. This studycollected nail samples from adolescents, who are undergoing rapid mental and physical development,and analyzed the major minerals. Adolescence is a critical period in which nutritional balance has asignificant effect on mental and physical growth. For this study, nails were sampled from a total of60 adolescents in Seoul, and the contents of 15 different minerals (macro- and micro-minerals) weremeasured using the ICP emission spectrochemical analysis tester. The mineral content of nails by genderwas then comparatively analyzed. In terms of macro-minerals, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium,phosphorus and sulfur were measured. In terms of micro-minerals, copper, zinc, iron, manganese,chromium, selenium, boron, cobalt and molybdenum were measured to provide a reference range for themineral content of nails in Korean adolescents. According to a comparative analysis of mineral contentsbetween boys and girls based on the results of the test above, boys had greater mineral content thangirls in fingernails for Na (p<.05) and K (p<.001). In the cases of Zn (p<.001), Fe (p<.001), Mn (p<.001)and Cr (p<.001), in contrast, the nails of girls were higher than those of boys. This study investigatedthe mineral content of fingernails in Korean adolescents, which has never been undertaken before. Because there were no reference data on the standard mineral content of adolescent fingernails, thisstudy measured the average reference range through the quantitative measurement of mineral contentsper 1 gram of fingernail using 60 adolescents as the sample. Changes in mineral content were examinedthrough comparative analysis between boys and girls. The study results found that nail samples canbe used as a clinical tool to measure Korean adolescents’ nutritional status based on mineral content,which revealed statistically significant differences. The reference values obtained in this study wouldbe useful in studying the relationship between diverse diseases and mineral content of nails in Koreanadolescents provided that there is no large regional difference in terms of the mineral content of nails inthe adolescents living in other regions.

Hair Growth Promoting Effects of Mineral-rich Spring Water in SKH-1 Hairless Mice

Rahima Begum,Jesmin Ara,Md Faruk Ahmed,Johny Bajgai,Ailyn Fadriquela,Kyu Jae Lee 한국물학회 2017 한국물학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Mineral rich spring water has been used in spa and bathing purpose that often belong to traditional medicinal therapies. It also considered as a classical alternative medicine to cure the immunological disease. Recently, mineral rich containing medicine and cosmetics has been widely applied in hair loss purpose but not tried by mineral water. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to observe the hair growth promoting effects of mineral rich spring water in SKH-1 hairless mice. We designed this study to evaluate the mineral water has hair growth promoting effect. The experimental SKH-1 hairless mice were divided into a normal control group (NC: No treatment), a positive control group (M: 3% Minoxidil), and different concentrations of mineral water group as a treatment group (MW: 2.5%, 5%, and 10%). All the test samples were topically sprayed on the three distinct parts of the leg, dorsal and a shoulder portion (about 1 cm2 areas) of the mice skin (100 L per application), twice a day, for μ 21 days. The number of hair and length was measured by taking a photograph of using the scale bar tools of the DinoCapture 2.0 digital microscope windows software. The thickness of the hair was measured by using scanning electron microscope. After 21 days of the experiment, mice treated with 2.5% mineral water showed the preferable effect on the number of hair, length, and thickness compared to the PC group and other concentration groups. However, the positive control minoxidil has no mineral containing ingredient but it has strong activity in hair growth. In our study, we found minoxidil had shown less active in hair growth effects in SKH-1 hairless mice. These results suggest that the using of optimum concentration of mineral rich spring water might have a remarked hair growth promoting effect, as observed morphologically. Collectively, according to our studies, we hypothesized that the topical application of mineral rich spring water might represent a novel strategy for the management and therapy for hair falling purpose. However, furthermore, studies could be more assured this hair growth promoting effects.

한국 연안산 해산 무척추동물의 미네랄 함량과 영양평가

목종수,이두석,심길보,윤호동 한국수산과학회 2009 한국수산과학회지 Vol.42 No.2

To measure the mineral contents of marine invertebrates, we collected 239 individuals from 52 species from the east (Pohang), west (Gunsan), and south (Tongyeong) coasts of Korea: 34 species of molluscan shellfish (Gastropoda and Bivalvia), 6 species of Cephalopoda, 8 species of Crustacea, and 4 other species. The mean contents of the macro mineral in the 100g edible portion of molluscan shellfishwere high in the oder of Na (355.1mg), P (128.1mg), K (110.8mg), Mg (83.8mg) and Ca (57.5mg). And the mean contents of the micro mineral in the molluscan shellfish were high in the oder of Fe (41.12μg/g), Zn (30.48μg/g), Mn (3.81μg/g), Cu (3.49μg/g) and Ni (0.35μg/g). We could not observe clear regional variation in the mineral content of the molluscan shellfish species. The mean contents of the macro mineral in the 100g edible portion of other marine invertebrates (Cephalopoda, Crustacea, etc.) were high in the oder of Na (400.7mg), P (145.1mg), K (105.0mg), Mg (63.2mg) and Ca (49.0mg). And the mean contents of the micro mineral in other marine invertebrateswere high in the oder of Zn (24.4μg/g), Fe (13.8μg/g), Cu (4.88μg/g), Mn (2.14μg/g) and Ni (0.12μg/g). The daily average intakes of the macro mineralthrough fisheries products consisted of P (125.9mg), Na (119.3mg), K (101.8mg), Ca (31.0mg), Mg (27.6mg). And the daily average intakes of the micro mineralthrough fisheries products consisted of Zn (0.92mg), Fe (0.68mg), Cu (0.12mg) and Mn (0.07mg). The respective intakes of the minerals (P, Mg, Na, Ca, K) from fish were about 18.0, 7.9, 8.0, 4.4 and 2.2% of the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) set by the Korean Nutrition Society. And the respective intakes of micro mineral (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) from fish were about 14.6, 9.2, 6.7, and 2.1% of the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs). Therefore, fisheries products play a very important role as a source of mineral.

Evaluation of trace mineral source and preharvest deletion of trace minerals from finishing diets on tissue mineral status in pigs

Y.L. Ma,M.D. Lindemann,S.F. Webb,G. Rentfrow 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.2

Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate dietary supplemental trace mineral source and deletion on mineral content in tissues. Methods: Weanling crossbred pigs (n = 144; 72 barrows and 72 gilts; body weight [BW] = 7.4±1.05 kg) were used. A basal diet was prepared, and trace mineral premix containing either inorganic (ITM) or organic (OTM) trace minerals (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) was added to the basal diet. Pigs were blocked by sex and BW and randomly allotted to 24 pens for a total of 6 pigs per pen, and fed a diet containing either ITM or OTM supplemented at the 1998 NRC requirement estimates for each of 5 BW phases (Phase I to V) from 7 to 120 kg. The trace mineral supplementation was deleted for 6, 4, 2, and 0 wk of Phase V; regarding nutrient adequacy during this phase, the indigenous dietary Fe and Mn was sufficient, Cu was marginal and Zn was deficient. Results: At the end of Phase IV, Mn content (mg/kg on the dry matter basis) was greater (p<0.05) in heart (0.77 vs 0.68), kidney (6.32 vs 5.87), liver (9.46 vs 8.30), and longissimus dorsi (LD; 0.30 vs 0.23) of pigs fed OTM. The pigs fed OTM were greater (p<0.05) in LD Cu (2.12 vs 1.89) and Fe (21.75 vs 19.40) and metacarpal bone Zn (141.86 vs 130.05). At the end of Phase V, increased length of deletion period (from 0 to 6 wk) resulted in a decrease (linear, p<0.01) in liver Zn (196.5 to 121.8), metacarpal bone Zn (146.6 to 86.2) and an increase (linear, p<0.01) in heart Mn (0.70 to 1.08), liver Mn (7.74 to 12.96), and kidney Mn (5.58 to 7.56). The only mineral source by deletion period interaction (p<0.05) was observed in LD Zn. Conclusion: The results demonstrated differential effects of mineral deletion on tissue mineral content depending on both mineral assessed and source of the mineral.

제주 용암해수로 제조한 쿠키의 품질특성

정성현,전수정,미카일영,문유진,홍예은,권미라,Jung, Sung Hyun,Jeon, Soojeong,Young, Mikhail,Moon, Yoo Jin,Hong, Ye Eun,Kweon, Meera 한국식품조리과학회 2017 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.33 No.3

Purpose: The present study explored cookie making performance using Jeju magma seawater to elucidate the effects of minerals in water on quality of baked goods. Methods: Seven water samples were analyzed for their mineral content, pH and water hardness. Starch pasting properties of flour in water samples was analyzed using RVA, and cookie making performance using water samples was evaluated with the AACCI wire-cut cookie baking method. Quality of cookies was measured by weight loss during baking, cookie geometry, color, and firmness. Results: Hardness of water samples ranged from 0-4200, and mineral content was in the order of magma seawater > 100% ED mineral water > 50% ED mineral water > 10% ED mineral water > tap water > Samdasoo > distilled water. RVA results showed that water hardness exhibited significant relationships with pasting temperature (p<0.05, R=0.863), peak viscosity (p<0.001, R=0.944), final viscosity (p<0.05, R=0.861), and setback (p<0.05, R=0.782). Cookie baking results showed that cookie diameter increased in the order of magma seawater < 100% ED mineral water < 50% ED mineral water < 10% ED mineral water $\approx$ tap water < Samdasoo < distilled water. Conclusion: As mineral content in water increased, flour pasting temperature and viscosity increased, whereas cookie diameter decreased with color fading. However, cookies formulated with 50% ED mineral water showed similar cookie geometry and texture to those with tap water. Therefore, controlling the mineral content of water can be successfully applied to produce mineral-enriched cookies.

The Effect of High-Salted Mineral Water on Blood Pressure and Sodium Excretion

Park Seung Kyu,Lee Hae Jin,Kim Dong Heui,Deung Young Kun,Yang Eun Ju,Lim Soo Jung,Ryang Yong Suk,Kim Hyun Won,Lee Kyu Jae The Korean Society for Biomedical Laboratory Scien 2005 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.11 No.3

High-salted mineral water (Daehan Deep Water, Korea) that is pumped up from below the sedimentary rock layer of Dadaepo, Busan, Korea has a composition similar with that of deep sea water. Under the well-being boom, the mineral water is processed for various uses including washing or oral administration. However, high concentrations of various minerals in the mineral water are suspected to affect on the physiology of human body, especially on blood pressure (BP). Here, we examined the effect of Hot Mineral(R), dried powder of the mineral water, on the change of BP. Sprague­Dawley rats were grouped and orally administered $2.5\%$ Hot Mineral(R) (group M), $2.5\%$ NaCl (group S) or normal water (group C). Excreted urine was collected in metabolic cage for 24 hours. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the group S was remarkably increased (P<0.005) compared with that of the group M and the group C, which showed little changes of the SBP during 2 weeks. While average daily sodium intake were 0.32 mg in the group C, 6.64 mg in the group M and 4.07 mg in the group S, average daily sodium excretion were 11.37 mg, 53.70 mg and 7.75 mg, respectively. These results indicate that the sodium excretion in the group M was much higher than the other two groups. In this study, we suppose that the plenty amount of minerals such as calcium, potassium and magnesium in Hot Mineral? have an effect not to increase the SBP and to prompt sodium excretion out of the body. Therefore, these results suggest that oral administration of appropriate amount of Hot Mineral(R) for limited period does not induce increased SBP.

아동의 모발 내 무기물 농도와 주의력결핍 및 과잉행동장애와의 상호연관성에 관한 연구

유연아,정문호 한국환경보건학회 2004 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most general childhood problems occurs locally and internationally, but the causes of ADHD are not cleared yet. Therefore, this study tried to examine some parts of the causes of ADHD closely, and finally contribute to the medical treatment of ADHD and its precautionary measures, by measuring and comparing concentration of minerals in hairs of the patients of ADHD and their control group's children. which can analyze the relevance to ADHD and the mineral content in human bodies, and mutual relations between toxic minerals and essential minerals in human bodies. After collection of hairs from 200 children(5 to 7-year-old, boys: 159 girls:41) diagnosed as ADHD by medical specialists based on the standard of DSM-IV diagnosis and their control group's 177 children(boys: 138 girls:39), the mineral concentration of samples was measured through ICP-MS and compared. And correlations between toxic minerals and essential minerals in human bodies among patients group was analyzed. All the toxic minerals(Pb, Hg, Al, Cd, As) of hairs analyzed in the study showed more higher range of concentration in patients group in comparison with their control group. Among them, the concentration of Pb(3.27 $\pm$ 3.82 ppm) and As(0.16 $\pm$ 0.15 ppm) in patients group were significantly high compared to their control group. And in this study Pb among toxic minerals showed negative correlation with Zn(r = -0.43), Mg(r = -0.15) among essential minerals. Cd among toxic minerals showed negative correlation with Zn(r = -0.20) among essential minerals. As among toxic minerals showed negative correlation with Ca(r = -0.14) among essential minerals.

Trace Mineral Nutrition in Poultry and Swine

Richards, James D.,Zhao, Junmei,Harrell, Robert J.,Atwell, Cindy A.,Dibner, Julia J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.11

Trace minerals such as zinc, copper, and manganese are essential cofactors for hundreds of cellular enzymes and transcription factors in all animal species, and thus participate in a wide variety of biochemical processes. Immune development and response, tissue and bone development and integrity, protection against oxidative stress, and cellular growth and division are just a few examples. Deficiencies in trace minerals can lead to deficits in any of these processes, as well as reductions in growth performance. As such, most animal diets are supplemented with inorganic and/or organic forms of trace minerals. Inorganic trace minerals (ITM) such as sulfates and oxides form the bulk of trace mineral supplementation, but these forms of minerals are well known to be prone to dietary antagonisms. Feeding high-quality chelated trace minerals or other classes of organic trace minerals (OTM) can provide the animal with more bioavailable forms of the minerals. Interestingly, many, if not most, published experiments show little or no difference in the bioavailability of OTMs versus ITMs. In some cases, it appears that there truly is no difference. However, real differences in bioavailability can be masked if source comparisons are not made on the linear portion of the dose-response curve. When highly bioavailable chelated minerals are fed, they will better supply the biochemical systems of the cells of the animal, leading to a wide variety of benefits in both poultry and swine. Indeed, the use of certain chelated trace minerals has been shown to enhance mineral uptake, and improve the immune response, oxidative stress management, and tissue and bone development and strength. Furthermore, the higher bioavailability of these trace minerals allows the producer to achieve similar or improved performance, at reduced levels of trace mineral inclusion.

해양심층수 미네랄추출물(마그네슘염)의 식품원료 안전성 평가를 위한 ICR 마우스를 이용한 소핵시험

문덕수,최미연 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2023 한국해양환경·에너지학회지 Vol.26 No.4

In this study, to evaluate the genotoxicity of deep seawater mineral extract (magnesium salt), we investi-gated whether micronucleus is induced using bone marrow cells of ICR mice. In order to determine the highest dose of this test, preliminary tests were conducted at 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg doses, respec-tively. As a result, no general symptoms or dead animals were observed in all animals administered with male and female. Therefore, this test uses only male animals, and the maximum dose is 2,000 mg / kg, and the total three-stage doses (500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg) are determined. In addition, a negative control group and a positive control group were additionally set. As a result of this test, there was no sig-nificant increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes(MNPCE/2000PCE) 0.4, 1.4, and 0.0 at 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg doses, respectively, compared to the negative control group value of 0.4. On the other hand, in the positive control group, the incidence of micronucleated polychro-matic erythrocytes among the polychromatic erythrocytes increased significantly compared to the nega-tive control group. Among the total red blood cells in the negative control group and the low-dose, medi-um-dose, and high-dose test substance groups, the average (PCE/(PCE+NEC) of the frequency of ap-pearance of polychloric red blood cells was 0.457±0.056, 0.461±0.053, 0.393±0.052, and 0.399±0.05, respectively, and the positive control group was 0.447±0.07. Therefore, no significant difference was ob-served in all dosage groups compared to the negative control group. From the above results, it is deter-mined that the deep seawater mineral extract (magnesium salt) does not induce micronucleus in the bone marrow cells of mice under the conditions of the present test. Therefore, it can be evaluated that deep seawater mineral extract (magnesium salt) does not acts as genotoxicity that damages chromosomes or cause abnormalities in cell division devices. For the safe use of deep-sea water extraction minerals, genetic toxicity tests were conducted through micronuclear tests in accordance with the standards of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety to verify the safety of deep-sea water minerals. Deep ocean water mineral ex-tract was used as safety verification data to enable registration and use as a “temporary food raw materi-al”. Deep ocean water mineral extract can provide the minerals that modern people lack. In particular, minerals extracted from deep ocean water can not only supplement minerals that the human body lacks, but can also be used for various purposes to provide high-quality minerals to modern people.