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1885년~1910년 한성부(漢城府) 내 일본인 거류지의 근대적 위생사업의 시행과 도시 변화
이연경(Lee, Yeon-Kyung),김성우(Kim, Sung-Woo) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.28 No.10
Since the 19th century when Korea began trade with foreign countries ,there has often happened an epidemic of a disease such as cholera. Cholera has affected a very large number of people and spread quickly too therareas. This created the urgent need of sanitary measures for preventing cholera, including improving urban environment and installing health facilities in the cities. Despite the efforts of the city government of Seoul since 1883, it was very challenging to bring changes to the people’s life as the sense of sanitation was still very unfamiliar with them. The city improvement work begun in earnest in 1896, but was stopped only two years later due to the city’s financial constraint. On the contrary, in the Jingogae district, one of the Japanese-populated areas, sanitary works have been progressed continuously since 1885 when Japanese began to live in Korea. The road pavement and water supply and sewage system were done earlier than other parts of Seoul. As well as modern medical facilities, sanitary facilities such as rubbish dump, public restroom and public bath house were appeared in the district. From 1905, Japanese officers began to govern the whole sanitary work of Seoul, which has impacted the national sanitary system of Korea. Considering the fact that modern sanitary work is deeply related with the improvement of urban environment, sanitary condition has been regarded as an indicator of a modern city even at the early stage of modernization.
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이연경(Lee, Yeon-Kyung),김성우(Kim, Sung-Woo) 대한건축학회 2014 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.30 No.2
Since 1882 when Korea government permitted the foreign residents in Seoul, Japanese have resided in the Jingogae district on northern part of Namsan(南山). With the growing power of Japan in Korean peninsula, Japanese have expanded their residential area, which has affected the changes of urban environment of Seoul. Especially, street environment in the Japanese settlement was improved along with urban improvement works, including water and sewer infrastructure and urban improvement, and establishment of street facilities. The street environment improvement project for Japanese settlement, which was initiated in 1895 and continued to 1910, was aimed at improving its transportation, sanitation, and business. Urban improvement works in Japanese settlement before 1910 has changed the street environment of southern part of Seoul, and affected the transformation of urban changes of Seoul after 1910. Additionally, it is meaningful that these changes of street environment in Japanese settlement were done before colonization, thus urban improvement work in Japanese settlement should be considered in social issue as well as physical environmental issue. Consequently, changes of street environment in Japanese settlement are deeply related with modernization and colonization of Seoul before 1910.
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염상섭 문학과 공간의 문화정치 -『사랑과 죄』와 1920년대 경성
오창은 ( Oh Chang-eun ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2013 국제어문 Vol.58 No.-
이 연구의 목적은 염상섭의 장편소설 『사랑과 죄』를 공간의 문화정치라는 측면에서 접근해 `1920년대 식민지 경성의 풍경`을 의미화하는 데 있다. 『사랑과 죄』는 <동아일보>에 1927년 8월 1일부터 1928년 5월 4일까지 총 257회에 걸쳐 연재된 식민지 시기 주목할 만한 장편소설이다. 염상섭은 이 소설을 1926년 1월 19일에 일본으로 건너가 2년 동안 동경에 체류하며 창작했다. 소설의 배경은 `식민지 경성`이고, 창작을 한 곳은 `제국의 도시 동경`이라는 사실이 흥미롭다. 그간의 『사랑과 죄』에 관한 연구가`사랑`과 `이념`을 구분해 분석하는 데 치중했다면, 이 연구는 식민지 시대 공간의 상징성을 재구성하려 한다는 측면에서 변별적이다. 논자는 1920년대 중반의 식민지 도시 경성을 주목함으로써, 『사랑과 죄』가 `과잉 노출하고 있는 것`과 `은폐하려고 한 것`의 관계를 살폈다. 일본제국주의는 공간의 재편을 통해 권력을 실재화했다. 이러한 상황에서 1920년대 식민지 조선의 청년들은 제국의 시선 바깥에서 제국의 균열을 기획했다. 그 문화정치적 실천의 한 양상을 『사랑과 죄』를 통해 확인할 수 있다. 『사랑과 죄』는 1920년대 작품으로서는 두드러질 정도로 공간에 대한 접근이 돋보인다. 이 작품은 경성을 감싸면서 작동하는 식민 권력의 힘을 유효하게 감각하고 있다. 남촌의 중심 공간인 진고개 주변은 여성인물들에게는 소비의 거리이고, 남성인물들에게는 유흥의 장소였다. 그곳은 식민지 일상을 압도하는 스펙터클의 공간이었다. 소설에서 형상화된 점이지대로서 세브란스병원과 심초매부의 집도 흥미로운 공간이다. 이곳은 제국의 중심에 위치해 있으면서 제국의 시선 바깥이기도 하다. 이 두 장소는 식민지 권력에 길항하는 점이지대였다. 『사랑과 죄』는 반(反)식민주의 근대성을 향해 있다. 이 소설은 `일본`과 `중국`이 의미하는 공간의 상징성을 적절하게 보여주는 결론을 취한다. 해춘이와 순영이 일본이 아닌 중국 상해를 선택한 것은 반식민지적 근대성이 `일본과 조선` 바깥에서만 가능했던 1920년대 조선의 풍경을 적절하게 포착한 것이라고 할 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct `Scenery of Colony Gyeongseong in the 1920s` by approaching Yeom Sang-seop`s full-length novel Love and Crime from the viewpoint of the cultural politics of space. Love and Crime is a noteworthy full-length novel in the colonial period published serially in the Dong-A Ilbo in a total of 257-part series from August 1, 1927 to May 4, 1928. This novel was the one that Yeom Sang-seop wrote while he stayed in Tokyo for 2 years since he went to Japan on January 19, 1926. What is interesting is the fact that the setting for the novel was `Colony Gyeongseong,` and the place where the novel was written was `Imperial City Tokyo.` It has been common that preceding studies have approached `love` and `ideology` separately, but this study is differentiated in terms of the aspect of reconstructing the symbolism of colonial period space through the symbolism of space. This writer focused on the colonial city Gyeongseong in the mid-1920s and examined the relationship between `what Love and Crime overexposes` and `what it tries to conceal.` Japanese imperialism pursued the internalization of power through the cultural politics of space. Under such circumstances, the youth of colonized Joseon in the 1920s planned crack in the empire in the outside of the eyes of the empire. The one aspect of the cultural practice can be confirmed through Love and Crime. Love and Crime stands out in approach to space so much prominently for the work in the 1920s. This work effectively senses the power of colonial authority operating while covering Gyeongseong. The surroundings of Jingogae, the central space of Namchon is the street of consumption for women characters and the merrymaking place for men characters. It was the space of spectacles that overwhelmed the daily life of the colony. Severance Hospital and the house of Simcho brother-in-law as the transitional zone embodied in the novel are also interesting space. These places are located in the center of the empire and at the same time in the outside of the eyes of the empire. These two places were the transitional zones of discourses standing against the colonial authority. Love and Crime faces the modernity of anti-colonialism. This novel takes the conclusion which appropriately shows the symbolism of spaces, `Japan` and `China.` It can be said that it grasped the scenery of Joseon in the 1920s appropriately in which anti-colonial modernism was possible only in the outside of `Japan and Joseon` that Haechun and Sunyeong chose Shanghai in China rather than Japan.
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