순천만 염생식물 서식지의 토양 간극수 특성

공병욱 ( Byeong-wook Kong ),박동철 ( Dong-cheol Park ),손화성 ( Hwa-seong Son ),이우진 ( Woo-jin Lee ),서하나 ( Ha-na Seo ),라덕관 ( Deog-gwan Ra ),정정조 ( Cheong-jo Cheong ) 한국환경기술학회 2018 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.19 No.3

순천만 염생식물 서식지의 토양간극수 환경특성을 파악하여, 염생식물 복원 및 관리를 위한 기초자료 제공의 목적으로 2016년 8월에서 2016년 10월까지 조사를 실시한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 염생식물 서식지의 간극수를 파악한 결과, 갈대서식지의 경우는 DO 3.41 mg/L로 가장 낮은 농도를 보였으며, pH 7.01, 염분농도 20.9 psu, 전기전도도 32.7 mS/cm 및 COD 14.28mg/L의 평균값을 나타내었다. 그리고 DIN 및 T-N은 4.28, 7.62 mg/L를 나타내고 있었으며, DIP 및 T-P는 0.93, 1.12 mg/L의 평균농도를 나타내었다. 칠면초의 경우는 염분 및 전기전도도가 31.2 psu 및 48.3 mS/cm로 타 염생식물에 비해 높은 값을 보였으나, 대부분의 항목에서 타염생식물과 비슷한 농도를 나타내고 있었다. 새섬매자기의 경우는 pH가 7.34, COD 및 질소계 영양염류가 타 염생식물에 비해 높은 농도를 보였으며, 천일사초의 경우는 염분농도 및 전기전도도가 13.9 psu, 23.2 mS/cm로 타 염생식물에 비해 낮은 농도를 보였다. 비서식지의 토양간극수 특성을 파악한 결과, pH 7.09, DO 4.05 mg/L, 염분농도 및 전기전도도 29.5 psu, 44.1 mS/cm를 나타내었다. 또한 DIN 및 T-N이 9.42 mg/L, 17.71 mg/L, DIP 및 T-P는 0.36 mg/L 및 0.48mg/L를 나타내며, 염생식물 서식지의 토양간극수와 비슷한 환경을 보이고 있었다. 순천만 염생식물 서식지의 토양간극수 특성을 파악함으로써, 염생식물의 서식 특성을 파악할 수 있었다. 그러나 효율적인 관리 및 복원 방안 수립에 있어서는 제한성이 있기에, 서식지의 토양환경과 같은 물리화학적 파악과 주변 환경을 고려한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of soil pore water of halophytes habitats and to provide information for restoration and management of halophytes in the Suncheon Bay. We investigated the characteristics of soil pore water from August 2016 to October 2016. Specific conclusions derived from this study are as follows. Soil pore water of Phragmites communis habitats was shown the lowest DO(3.41 mg/L) in the survey sites. It was shown average concentration that pH and salinity are 7.01, 20.9 psu and electric conductivity and COD are 32.7 mS/cm, 14.28 mg/L. Also, it had average concentration that DIN and T-N are 4.28, 7.62 mg/L and, DIP and T-P are 0.93, 1.12 mg/L. In the case of Suaeda japonica, salinity and electronic conductivity were higher than other halophytes such as 31.2 psu and 48.3 mS/cm, while other items showed similar concentrations. Soil pore water of Scirpus planiculmis habitats had 7.34 of pH and was shown higher concentration of COD and nitrogenous nutrients than other habitats. In the case of Carex scabritolia, it had lower concentration of salinity and electric conductivity than other habitats such as 13.9 psu and 23.2 mS/cm. Soil pore water of nonvegetation had 7.09 of pH, 4.05 mg/L of DO, 29.5 psu of salinity and 44.1 mS/cm of electric conductivity. Also, it had average concentration that DIN, T-N, DIP and T-P are 9.42 mg/L, 17.71 mg/L, 0.36 mg/L and 0.48 mg/L, was shown environment similar to the soil pore water of halophytes habitats. We could understand characteristics of halophytes habitats through soil pore water of halophytes habitats in the Suncheon Bay. But it is a limit to the establishment of plans of efficient management and restoration, so it is necessary to further research that consider physicochemical identification such as soil environment and surrounding environment.

줄댕강나무 자생지의 환경 및 생태 특성

김경아,천경식,장수길,서원복,유기억 한국식물분류학회 2010 식물 분류학회지 Vol.40 No.3

This study intended to investigate environmental factors including soil and vegetation in order to understand the environmental and ecological characteristics of four different habitats of Abelia tyaihyoni. These habitats, according to investigations, are mostly located at elevations of 203 m to 297 m with angles of inclination ranging from 9 degrees to 17 degrees. The litter depth of habitats is 2 cm to 5 cm. A total of 113 vascular plant taxa are identified in seven quadrates of the four habitats. The life form of 113 species is H-D4-R5-e type. The importance value of Abelia tyaihyoni is 39.61%, and 4 highly ranked species such as Quercus dentata (6.27%), Spiraea blumei, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora (4.04%) and Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (3.84%) are considered to be an affinity with Abelia tyaihyoni in their habitats. The dominant species of woody plants in the four habitats are represented as Pinus densiflora (21.22%) and Quercus dentata (16.82%) in the subtree layer (T2), and Carex humilis var. nana (18.95%) and Carex lanceolata (17.63%) in the herbaceous layer (H). The degree of their average species diversity is 1.42, and that of dominance and evenness are 0.07 and 0.86, respectively. The type of soil is sandy loam, clay loam and loam, and the average field capacity of soil is 22.49%. Their average organic matter is 9.39%, soil pH 6.75, and available phosphorus is 1.23 μg/g. 본 연구는 줄댕강나무 자생지의 환경과 생태적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 조사 결과 자생지는 해발 203-297 m의 범위에서 나타났고, 경사는 9-17, 그리고 낙엽층의 두께는 2-5 cm로 확인되었다. 식생조사 결과 4개 지역의 7개 방형구 내에 출현한 관속식물은 총 113종류였으며, 생활형은 H-D4-R5-e로 조사되었다. 관목층의 중요치는 줄댕강나무가 39.61%로 가장 높았고, 다음으로는 떡갈나무(6.27%), 산조팝나무와 조팝나무(4.04%), 느릅나무(3.84%) 등의 순으로 나타나 이 종류들이 줄댕강나무와 유사한 환경을 선호하는 것으로 생각된다. 상층 수목은 아교목층에 소나무(21.22%)와 떡갈나무(16.82%)가 우점하였고, 초본층은 가는잎그늘사초(18.95%)와 그늘사초(17.63%)가 높은 출현빈도와 피도를 보였다. 종다양도는 평균 1.42였고, 균등도와 우점도는 각각 0.07과 0.86으로 산출되었다. 토양분석 결과 자생지는 사양토, 점질양토, 양토로 조사되었으며, 포장용수량은 평균 22.49%, 유기물함량은 9.39%로 나타났다. 또한 pH는 6.75 그리고 유효인산함량은 1.23 mg/g으로 조사되었다.

Report on the three new Clithon retropictum (v. Martens, 1870) habitats in small streams on Jeju Island off the south coast of Korea

임형묵,최광식 한국패류학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.38 No.3

Small streams and connected estuaries on Jeju Island off the south coast of Korea are unique habitats for some marine invertebrate animals, including the neritid gastropod Clithon retropictum (v. Martens, 1870). According to the Korean wildlife protection and management act, the estuarine gastropod C. retropictum is one of the level II endangered animals due to its vulnerable habitat. In this study, we report three small streams connected to the sea on Jeju Island, Woldaecheon stream on the north, Changgocheon on the south, and Hadori migratory bird habitat on the east coast as new habitats of C. retropictum. Egg capsules of C. retropictum were commonly observed in the newly found habitats, although the density in each habitat was low, with less than one individual per m2. Along with the previously reported habitats of C. retropictum on Jeju Island, those new habitats require special attention to protect from anthropogenic activities which may deteriorate and destroy the habitat.

Influence of seasonal and habitat type on insect community structure in three islands of West sea, South Korea

Jong Woo NAM,Shin Young PARK,Ik Jae CHOI,Young Min SHIN,Il-Kwon KIM 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

This study was carried out to investigate insect community structure from different habitats. We performed day and night collection at three different habitats (mountain, coast and rural area) of island Deokjeok, island Soya and island Mungap from May to September in 2014. A total of 3,482 individuals of 725 species, 119 families belonging to 10 orders were collected and identified. A dominant species was Corymbia rubra (Cerambycidae) despite a very low percentage of the species among the catches. Results of ANOVA test showed a significant effect of habitats typeon species diversity. Also, combination of seasons and habitats types were significantly influential with species abundance and species diversity. Indicator species analysis (ISA) result identified 121 significant (p < 0.05) indicator species; one species for the habitats cluster, 93 species for the season cluster and 27species for combination of habitats with seasons.

나도승마(Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai) 생태정보 수집 및 서식지 평가

장래하 ( Jang Rae-ha ),김선령 ( Kim Sunryoung ),도재화 ( Tho Jae-hwa ),윤영준 ( Yoon Young-jun ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2023 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study was conducted to develop a habitat assessment system for the endangered wildlife II Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai through in-depth interviews with experts based on field surveys and environmental characteristics through spatial data analysis and literature research. Evaluation factors were selected based on the survey results of 31 variables for 23 K. koreana habitats. Afterwards, the importance and evaluation range for each assessment factor were selected. The selection of survey variables, assessment factors, importance of each factor and assessment range was conducted through in-depth interviews with experts at each stage. As a result, the assessment factors and importance were 16% for precipitation of the wettest month, 10% for vegetation zone, 12% for vegetation type, 10% for crown canopy vitality, 14% for tree layer coverage, 13% for drainage grade, 12% for soil depth, and 13% for distance to stream including dry stream. This study provides basic ecological information and a habitat assessment system for K. koreana habitats. Therefore, it can be used as primary data for preparing an endangered wildlife conservation policy, preparing a habitat improvement plan, and selecting an alternative habitat.

연복초(Adoxa moschatellina L.)의 분포와 자생지 입지환경 -강원도를 중심으로-

옥길환,천경식,장진환,유기억 한국자원식물학회 2012 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.25 No.2

This study intended to investigate the distribution of natural habitats, and the environmental factors, vegetation and soil analysis at 22 different sites of 9 regions in order to understand the environmental characteristics of Adoxa moschatellina in Prov. Gangwon-do. Natural habitats are confirmed at 44 regions of 14 cities and counties except for Donghae-si, Sokcho-si, Gosung-gun and Yanggu-gun in Prov. Gangwon-do. Natural habitats were located at altitudes of 99-1,084 m with slope inclinations of 0-25°. A total of 215 vascular plant taxa are identified from 22 quadrates. Importance value for members of the herbaceous (H) layer were as follows: Adoxa moschatellina 32.8%; Meehania urticifolia 7.5%;Cardamine leucantha 5.1%; Scopolia japonica 3.8%; Corydalis remota 3.3%. The importance value of the last four species are high, so they are at affinity with Adoxa moschatellina in their habitats. Species diversity of investigated sites ranged 0.4870-0.9848, and that of evenness and dominance are 0.4525-0.7601 and 0.1335-0.4191, respectively. Cluster analysis based on importance value appeared the high relations with differences of dominance species. Field capacity of investigated sites ranged 4.29-38.45%, and the soil pH and organic matter were 4.61-5.98 and 2.44-20.21, respectively. 강원도 연복초 자생지 입지환경을 알아보기 위하여 분포지를 밝히고 9개 지역의 22 지점을 대상으로 환경요인,식생 및 토양분석을 실시하였다. 연복초는 강원도 동해시,속초시, 고성군과 양구군을 제외한 14개 시군의 총 44개지역에 분포하는 것으로 확인되었다. 자생지는 해발 99-1,084 m의 범위에 위치하였으며, 경사는 0-25°로 비교적완만하였다. 식생조사 결과 방형구 내에 출현한 관속식물은총 215분류군이었다. 초본층의 중요치는 연복초가 32.8%로 가장 높았으며 다음으로는 벌깨덩굴(7.5%), 미나리냉이(5.1%), 미치광이풀(3.8%), 현호색(3.3%) 등의 순으로 나타나 이 종류들이 연복초와 친화도가 높은 것으로 생각된다. 식생의 양적지수를 산출한 결과 종다양도는 0.4870-0.9848,균등도와 우점도는 각각 0.4525-0.7601 과 0.1335-0.4191의 범위로 나타났다. 각 방형구내에 조사된 종류들의 중요치에 기초한 군집분석 결과에서는 우점종의 상이성에 의해유집되는 경향을 보였다. 토양 분석결과 포장용수량, pH 그리고 유기물함량은 각각 4.29-38.45%, 4.61-5.98,2.44-20.21%의 범위로 조사되었다.

나도승마(Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai) 생태정보 수집 및 서식지 평가

장래하,김선령,도재화,윤영준 한국환경복원기술학회 2023 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study was conducted to develop a habitat assessment system for the endangered wildlife II Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai through in-depth interviews with experts based on field surveys and environmental characteristics through spatial data analysis and literature research. Evaluation factors were selected based on the survey results of 31 variables for 23 K. koreana habitats. Afterwards, the importance and evaluation range for each assessment factor were selected. The selection of survey variables, assessment factors, importance of each factor and assessment range was conducted through in-depth interviews with experts at each stage. As a result, the assessment factors and importance were 16% for precipitation of the wettest month, 10% for vegetation zone, 12% for vegetation type, 10% for crown canopy vitality, 14% for tree layer coverage, 13% for drainage grade, 12% for soil depth, and 13% for distance to stream including dry stream. This study provides basic ecological information and a habitat assessment system for K. koreana habitats. Therefore, it can be used as primary data for preparing an endangered wildlife conservation policy, preparing a habitat improvement plan, and selecting an alternative habitat.

멸종위기 야생생물 I 급 털복주머니란 서식지 복원을 위한 서식지 적합성 지수(HSI) 개발

윤영준,김선령,장래하,한승현,이동진,심윤진,박용수,Yoon, Young-Jun,Kim, Sun-Ryoung,Jang, Rae-Ha,Han, Seung-Hyun,Lee, Dong-Jin,Shim, Yun-Jin,Park, Yong-Su 한국환경복원기술학회 2020 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.23 No.4

This study aimed to develop the HSI (Habitat Suitability Index) model of Cypripedium guttatum. and to verify this model by applying to the candidate sites for replacement habitat. The development of HSI and SI (Suitability Index) model was conducted based on the existing literature, field surveys, and expert opinions for information on ecological habitat characteristics. Seven variables were selected as habitat variables including mean maximum temperature in Jul.-Aug., lighting, slope, altitude, effective soil depth, soil texture, and artificial overexploitation (i.e. protected areas). HSI model was developed for C. guttaum based on these variables. This HSI model showed high applicability to selection and evaluation of replacement habitats for C. guttaum. Our findings could provide the basic information on habitat assessment to prevent the extinction of endangered C. guttatum. However, since there is a limitation that the survey data were insufficient, further field surveys should be conducted on several habitat types to improve the accuracy of the HSI model.

한국 달래의 자생 특성

김경민,박순기,김창길,오중열 한국육종학회 2010 한국육종학회지 Vol.42 No.4

한국의 전역에 자생하는 달래를 대상으로 육종 및 재배의 기초 자료를 얻고자 자생환경과 자생특성을 조사하였다. 자생지의 광환경은 121개의 자생지 중에서 반음지가 66개의 54.6%, 음지가 42개의 34.7%, 그리고 양지가 13개의 10.7%의 순이었다. 자생하는 장소는 밭 주변이 55개의 45.4%, 사찰 주변이 34개의 28.1%, 산 주변이 22개의 18.2%, 하천변이 7개의 5.8%, 그리고 도로변이 3개의 2.5%의 순이었다. 자생지는 33 This study was carried out to develop the breeding and/or cultivation materials by investigating characteristics of natural habitats of Allium monanthum in South Korea. Natural habitats of sunny, half-shady, and shady conditions were 13 (10.7%), 66 (54.6%), and 42 (34.7%), respectively. Natural habitats were located around upland (45.4%), around Buddhist temple area (28.1%), on mountain area (18.2%), along roadside (2.5%), and along riverside (5.8%), respectively. Natural habitats ranged widely in all areas of Korea by 33ºN~38ºN and 126°E~129°E. In Chungbuk and Gyeongbuk natural habitats were more than in Jeonbuk and Jeonnam. Distribute pattern were formed densely. Sprout stage was from September till March of next year. Grew from March to April, and there was no plant formed flower stalk in natural habitats.

만병초 자생지의 환경생태학적 특성

이병철 ( Byung Chul Lee ),심이성 ( Ie Sung Shim ) 한국환경과학회 2011 한국환경과학회지 Vol.20 No.10

Rhododendron brachycarpum is a evergreen broad-leaved shrub and belongs to the Ericaceae family and the Rhododendron genus. It is well known for its beautiful leaves and flowers. There are 11 species of the Rhododendron genus in Korea. It includes 3 species - Rhododendron brachycarpum, Rhododendron aureum Georgi and Rhododendron brachycarpum var. roseum Koidz. They grow naturally over 1,000 meters above sea level of the Baekdu Mountain Range in Korea. These habitats, according to investigations of 9 Rhododendron brachycarpum natural habitats, are mostly located on the slope of mountains facing north at an altitude of 1,200 m to 1,526 m above sea level with angle of inclination from 30 degrees to 45 degrees. Based on the result of vegetation analysis of dominance species in the quadrates, there are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla in species of upper trees, and so on. Dominant species of woody plants in tree layer are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla, Betula platyphylla and Veeatrum patulum Loes. fil, Erythronium japonicum, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Paeonia japonica var. glabra Makino are founded in herbaceous plants. And we can see another result of the investigation that the flowering rates of the plants with the buds are highly ranked mountains such as Mt. Hambaek 68%, Mt. Gyebang 40%, Mt. Yagksu 9%, Mt. Gaein 7% and Mt. Seolag 0%. The results show that there are 24 over 15-year-old Rhododendron brachycarpums in Mt. Odae and are 56 under 15-year-old trees in Mt. Hambaek and are no trees in Mt. Gyebang and are 9 over 30-year-dead trees only in Mt. Taebaeg. Out of found trees, the highest tree is 7 m in height and 0.6 m in diameter. Also this result shows what are the vulnerability factors of the natural habitats. They are as follows: indiscriminate trails in mountains, damages by mountain climbers, uncareful plant collecting, the fierce competitions with other plants such as Acer pseudosieboldianum var. ishidoyanum Uyeki, Quercus aliena, Celastrus orbiculatus and damages by disease and insect, unusual temperature in natural habitats, etc. Rhododendron brachycarpums have high ornamental value and excellent pharmaceutical effect. But the areas of its habitats decrease dramatically. So we need measures to protect and their natural habitats. It is necessary that we conduct further investigations to designate conservation area for Rhododendron brachycarpums.