일반 논문 : 기후변화와 중소기업의 대응전략

조성한 ( Sung Han Jo ),남혜정 ( Hye Jeong Nam ) 한국중소기업학회 2011 中小企業硏究 Vol.33 No.4

20세기에 들어서 온실가스의 증가로 인한 온실효과로 지구온난화가 급속히 이루어지고 있으며 그로 인한 심각한 기후변화가 초래되고 있다. 지구온난화와 기후변화는 국제적 문제로 대두되고 있으며, 해결책으로 기후변화협약을 채택하고 그 실천방안으로 온실가스 저감 노력을 각국에 촉구하고 있다. 이에 우리나라도 2020년까지 배출전망치(BAU) 대비 30%의 저감목표를 설정하였으며, 이러한 온실가스 저감노력은 모든 기업들이 실천해야하는 목표가 되었다. 온실가스 저감노력은 장기적으로는 기업이미지를 제고하고, 나아가 환경을 개선한다는 점에서 기업들이 반드시 해야 할 책임이지만, 이를 수행하기 위해서는 많은 비용이 수반되는 것도 사실이다. 특히 중소기업은 적은 인력과 자원으로 당면한 사회적 책임을 이행하기 위해서는 부담해야 할 비용이 상대적으로 높다. 따라서 온실가스 저감에 대비하여 중소기업에 적합한 준비를 해야 할 필요성이 대두되었다. 본 연구는 우리나라의 기후변화와 온실가스 배출현황에 대하여 살펴보고, 이에 대한 대응전략으로 탄소 발자국 제도(Carbon footprint system)를 검토하고자 한다. 먼저 주요국에서 도입한 탄자 발자국제도에 대한 현황을 파악하고, 이를 바탕으로 중소기업이 기후변화에 대한 대응전략으로 탄자 발자국 제도의 도입을 고찰하였다. 탄소 발자국이란 제품의 생산 및 사람의 일상생활 등 인위적인 일련의 과정에서 발생되는 온실가스의 발생정도를 수치로 계량화하여 제품에 라벨로 부착하거나 표기하는 제도이다. 이는 제품을 구입하는 소비자에게 온실가스로 인한 기후변화의 심각성에 대한 사회적인 인식을 확산시키고, 온실가스 배출량이 적은 제품의 소비를 유도하여 시장 주도적으로 산업계의 온실가스 저감활동을 활성화하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 이미 우리나라에서도 중소기업의 탄소성적표지 인증에 대한 다양한 지원정책을 제시하고 있으며, 중소기업이 환경문제에 대하여 적극적으로 참여하는 것에 대한 인센티브를 제공하고 있다. 이러한 논의를 통하여 본 연구는 탄소 발자국 제도에 대한 이해를 높이고, 나아가 중소기업이 온실가스 감축에 동참할 수 있는 방안으로 탄소 발자국 제도가 활용되기를 기대해 본다. 더불어 탄소 발자국의 활용은 제품이나 서비스의 구입 시 소비자에게 환경 친화적인 제품의 선택권을 부여하는 제도이므로, 중소기업의 탄소 발자국 활용이 저탄소 소비문화에 기여하고, 이를 토대로 저탄소제품의 시장경쟁력을 확보함으로써, 온실가스 저감을 통한 지구환경개선에 이바지할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In the 20th century, global warming from increased greenhouse gases has resulted in serious climate change. Issues related to global warming and climate change have arisen as international issues and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) has been adopted as one of the solutions for a practical plan. To cope with the global issues, a reduction of greenhouse gases to mitigate global warming is required by all countries and Korea also set a target to reduce greenhouse gases by 30% by 2020. In addition, Korea is a member of the OECD and ranks as the 10th country in the emission of greenhouse gases. Therefore, a more active participation to reduce greenhouse gases is required in Korea. It is sure that activities for the reduction of greenhouse gases may improve a company`s image in the long term and furthermore, reform the environmental problems. However, it is also sure that these activities will incure a lot of costs. Specifically, small-sized companies which have few human and material resources may bear a lot of expenses. Accordingly, appropriate strategies for small-sized companies to reduce greenhouse gases should be prepared. In this paper, we review the Kyoto Protocol and the history of the reduction of greenhouse gases. To do this, we examine descriptive statistics of greenhouse gases emissions and climate change in Korea, and investigate a carbon footprint system as an appropriate strategy for small-sized companies. First, we identify a carbon footprint system that has been implemented in other countries. Specifically, we document the history and characteristics of carbon footprint system in United Kingdom, United States, Sweden, and Canada. For example, the United Kingdom started a carbon footprint system by Carbon Trust in 2001. According to the survey implemented by the Consumer Association in 2011, 70% of respondents agree about a required carbon label for every item. In addition, they have intention to buy products with a carbon label even though they have to pay more for it. Second, based on the evidence from other countries, we suggest a carbon footprint system as an appropriate strategy for small-sized companies in terms of costs and benefits. Climate change is one of the most serious environmental issues today, and one of the main sources of climate change is carbon dioxide. When it comes to the emission of carbon dioxide, the proportion of carbon dioxide of greenhouse gases was 84.4% in 1990 and 89.5% in 2007, respectively. The more serious problem is that the emission of carbon dioxide has increased over time. Therefore, reducing carbon dioxide is an important issue now. A carbon footprint system is the process in which the carbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions are targeted with an equivalent amount to be removed. The purpose of the carbon footprint system is to promote a consumer-led purchasing pattern of low carbon goods and to encourage enterprises to develop technologies towards low-carbon goods, thus ultimately contributing to the international efforts to reduce greenhouse gases. The carbon footprint system is not a mandatory certification system, but is a system that companies may participate in on a voluntary basis. The carbon footprint system is becoming prevalent worldwide, especially after the British Carbon Trust Fund launched its experimental scheme in December 2006. Japan also began developing its own carbon footprint system in June 2008. In Korea, the Ministry of Environment, leading retailers such as Shinsegae, E-mart, and Samsung Home Plus made an operating agreement concerning carbon in 2009. In 2011, 434 products in Korea have received a carbon label and more than 500 products are expected to get a carbon label by the end of this year. Moreover, Korea also is recognized as a leading country for carbon labeling in electronic products. There are many advantages when a company adopts a carbon footprint system. If a company is designing and delivering low carbon goods or services, they can improve a company`s image. In addition, by providing quantitative information to consumers with regards to carbon emissions, a company can increase consumer preferences towards less carbon greenhouse emissions along with enhancing the competitiveness of the company. Moreover, the environmental information disclosed regarding the active carbon footprint labeling will help not only customers choosing a more environmentally friendly manufacturer, but also enhance the competitiveness of companies. Therefore, adopting a carbon footprint system in small-sized companies is one of the best strategies to participate in environmental campaigns and to enhance a company`s image. Despite these advantages, participation in the carbon footprint system is relatively low because of high costs and low incentives. According to a report from the Korea Small Business Institute in 2010, understanding about the reduction of greenhouse gases is very low and there is little information about the regulation of greenhouse gases. The report states that small-sized companies said that the best strategy as a response for regulation on the emission of greenhouse gases is to reduce the usage of electric equipment. This implies that most small-sized companies do not have any strategies to implement a plan to reduce greenhouse gasses. So, to deal effectively and efficiently this issue, proper programs for small-sized companies are suggested. Although the Korean government provides many channels and support programs for small-sized companies, more practical incentives like financial aid, tax benefits, or education programs should be provided concurrently. The companies also should put more effort into their business activities. They have to care about effective usage of energy and a reduction of greenhouse gases. In a more aggressive way, they can promote new types of energy such as green sources and photovoltaic power generation to decrease the usage of fossil fuel. To meet the demand of the times, the government introduced a challenging program like a partnership between large and small-sized companies. The program is considered a useful method in terms of offering sophisticated information and technical skill from large companies. Based on the success of this program, the government is expected to adopt the program in new areas and recommend small-sized companies use it. In summary, this study contributes to the related literature in several ways. The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from carbon footprint labeling contributes to the effort of reduction as a whole, and climate change mitigation. Therefore, the suggestions of this study will be useful for developing mitigation strategies related to climate change. Second, the discussion of environmental issues has progressed for mostly large companies. However, considering the condition of small-sized companies in terms of limited resources, more concerns and efforts should be focused on small-sized companies. The findings of this study show that the carbon footprint system may be an effective strategy that can provide a lot of important implications to regulators and investors. Academics can also apply the discussion in this paper for related research. Also further research on the facts of emissions of diverse fuel types would help create better methods for successfully dealing with the challenges posed by climate change.

배출권 할당처분에 관한 판례의 검토와 제언 ―2015구합55592판결―

김성배 ( Sung Bae Kim ) 한국환경법학회 2016 環境法 硏究 Vol.38 No.1

본 사건은 배출권거래법이 시행되어 구체적인 배출권할당이 있은 후, 제기 된 소송 중에서 제일 먼저 확정된 판결이라는 의미를 가지고 있다. 본 소송에서 표면적인 쟁점이 되었던 것은 ①직접배출량 산정식의 오적용여부, ②증설된 시설에 대한 고려여부, ③신뢰보호의 원칙적용여부 등이었다. 구체적인 산정방식과 기준은 배출권거래법령과 녹색성장기본법령의 위임에 따라 환경부장관이 고시한 할당지침과 운영지침에 기반한 것이지만, 본 사건의 법원은 전통적인 행정법이론에 따라 행정규칙의 법규성여부를 직접적으로 다룬 것이 아니라, 할당지침이 정하고 있는 기준과 방식이 합리적인지, 구체적 타당성을 도모하고 있는지, 그리고 원고인 A회사가 이런 내용을 알고 있었는지 등 현실적 기준을 대입하여 A회사에 대한 환경부장관의 할당량 배정처분은 재량권을 일탈ㆍ남용하지 않았다고 판단하였다. 이런 법원판단의 과정이나 결론에 필자는 동의한다. 다만, 신청한 허용량보다 적게 배정받은 경우, 과소배정된 할당처분에 대하여 취소소송을 제기할 것이 아니라 신청한 할당량중 배정받지 못한 할당량에 대하여 거부처분으로 구성하여 거부처분 취소소송으로 다루었어야 생각한다. 배출권할당은 침익적 처분이 아니라 수익적 처분이므로 과소 할당되었다고 주장하는 원고는 과소 할당된 부분에 대해 할당처분이 있을 때, 신청한 부분중 반영되지 않은 부분에 대해서 거부처분취소소송을 제기해야 할 것이다. 본 소송의 경우에는 제소기간이 종료되는 마지막에 소송을 제기하였는데, 할당처분에 대해서 이의신청을 하였다고 하여도 제소기간의 기산은 원처분인 할당처분이 통지된 날부터 기산해야 될 것이므로 개별기업들은 이런 점을 고려해야 할 것이다. 본 사건의 판결의 영향은 개별 기업들에게 환경관련사건에서 정책이 마련되는 초기부터 법률전문가의 조력이 필요하다는 점을 인식시켰다는 것을 들 수 있다. 즉, 배출권거래제에 있어서 구체적 할당처분이 내려진 시점에서 행정쟁송을 제기해도, 기술적ㆍ전문적이 내용들이 구체적인 행정규칙이나 비전형적 행정입법의 형태로 마련되어 있고 이런 기준들이 상위법령에 위배되지 않고 절차적으로 정당성을 확보하는 방식으로 마련되었으며 산업계와 각종 전문가의 의견을 반영하여 마련된 것이라면 이런 기준에 대해 위법성을 주장하거나 재량권일탈ㆍ남용을 주장하기 힘들다는 것이다. 결국, 기업들은 자신에게 유리한 기준들이 반영되도록 제도설계 초기 단계와 기준마련 당시에 적극적으로 참여해야 하고, 각종 신청이나 자료편성의 단계에서도 법률전문가의 검토를 받아서 향후 법률분쟁에 대비해야 했다. 배출권의 할당단계에서 구체적 할당량을 공격하는 것은 국제상황이나 국내 총감축량 등이 정해진 상황에서 쉽지 않을 것이다. 또한 배출권거래제의 특수성을 감안하면, 행정청의 재량권일탈을 이유로 구체적 할당처분을 취소시키는 것은 사법부에 엄청난 부담이 될 것이다. 그래서 분쟁의 조기확정과 분쟁예방적 차원에서 할당계획이나 업종별ㆍ산업별 할당량이 정해지는 단계에서 할당계획이나 업종별 할당배정을 대상으로 소송을 제기할 수 있는 길을 열어 둘 필요가 있으며, 그에 대한 전제요건으로 배출권거래제소송에서 원고적격을 확대할 필요성이 존재한다. Emission of greenhouse gases was prescribed on Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth BON, Which is both direct emission of greenhouse gases, which emits, discharges, or leaks greenhouse gases generated as a consequence of human activities, and indirect emission of greenhouse gases, which discharges greenhouse gases by using electricity or heat (limited to those from a heat source generated with a fuel or electricity) supplied by another person. To achieve national targets for reducing greenhouse gas effectively Korean government adopts a system for trading greenhouse-gas emission permits through market mechanisms pursuant. 2015GUHAP55592 case (Minister of Environment Department v. H Steel Co.) is related to the allocation of greenhouse-gas emission permits. Plaintiff argue that the minister misunderstand the law and applied wrong formula calculation so that she got less emission permits. The Government shall comply with the following fundamental principles when it establishes or implements a system for the allocation and trading of emission permits ①The Government shall comply with the principles set forth in the United Nations Framework Conventions on Climate Change and relevant protocols and shall consider international negotiations on climate change; ②The Government shall consider the impact of an emissions trading system on the international competitiveness of economic sectors; ③The Government shall make the most of market mechanisms to achieve national greenhouse gas reduction targets effectively; ④The Government shall ensure that emission permits are traded in a fair and transparent manner in accordance with general trading rules; ⑤The Government shall implement policies in conformity with international standards, considering the link with international carbon markets. The Government shall establish a ten-year master plan for the emissions trading system (hereinafter referred to as "master plan") every five years, which shall define the objectives of, and basic direction for, medium- to long-term policies on the emissions trading system. (2) Master plans shall include the following: ①Matters regarding the current status and projections for the domestic and international markets for the emissions trading system; ②Matters regarding the basic direction for the operation of the emissions trading system; ③matters regarding the operation of commitment periods for the emissions trading system, considering national greenhouse gas reduction targets; ④Matters regarding projections for greenhouse gas emissions produced as a consequence of economic growth, new investment in each sector and type of business, and the expansion of facilities (referring to places of business producing greenhouse gases or part of such places of business; hereinafter the same shall apply); ⑤Matters regarding economic implications, such as the fluctuation of prices of energy and other commodities following the operation of the emissions trading system; ⑥Matters regarding measures for supporting domestic industries, considering international trade intensity, carbon intensity, etc.; ⑦Matters regarding schemes for the link with international carbon markets and international cooperation; ⑧Other matters regarding the effective operation of the emissions trading system, including financing, the nurturing professional human resources, education, and public relations, etc.

근해 안강망 어업의 온실가스 배출량 정량적 분석

권오영(Ohyeong KWON),윤태강(Taegang YOON),이정권(Jeongkwon LEE),이지훈(Jihoon LEE) 전남대학교 어업기술연구소 2016 어업기술연구소보고지 Vol.9 No.1

Greenhouse-Gases emissions have increased since the industrial revolution, therefore, each of countries" effort to reduce Greenhouse-Gases emissions. The parties to the Kyoto protocol adopted in 1997, and developed countries would reduce Greenhouse-Gases emission voluntarily. The government of Korea declared that reduce Greenhouse-Gases emissions at “Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change” held in Cancún, Mexico in 2010 and they would decrease to 30% of greenhouse-gases emissions figure in 1990 until 2020. The study to decrease Greenhouse-Gases emissions is in progress. However, investigation about quantitative analysis of Greenhouse-Gases emissions in fisheries is at an early stage. Here, this study is trying to analyze the Greenhouse-gas emissions from Korean offshore stow net fishery using Life Cycle Assessment method quantitatively. The results will be helpful to the government and stakeholder to make a guideline for reducing the GHG emissions from that fishery.

저온농축 열탈착방식에 의한 저농도 불소계 온실가스의 정량분석

홍길환 ( Kil-hwan Hong ),박진수 ( Jin-soo Park ) 한국환경분석학회 2016 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.19 No.4

Fluorinated greenhouse gases have a significant impact on the environment. We propose a new analytical method for the quantitation of fluorinated gases in low concentration, such as perfluorocarbons, NF3, and SF6, in air samples. This method uses a cryogenic trapping-thermal desorption system, utilizing a gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system in combination with a cryogenic trapping system operated at temperatures from -30 to 300°C. The linearity, precision, method detection limits (MDLs), and limits of quantification (LOQs) of this system were verified using the chromatogram peak areas of the fluorinated greenhouse gases in the samples. The MDLs and LOQs for the gases tested were less than 1 nmol/mol and 3.1 nmol/mol, respectively. In addition, the precision of the analysis was less than 2%. Our results indicate that the proposed method is able to quantitatively analyze low concentrations of fluorinated greenhouse gases.

비닐하우스 내부 유해가스 제거 및 온습도조절을 위한 자동환기시스템 구현

허지원(Ji-Won Hur),장준호(Jun-Ho Jang),김진하(Jin-Ha Kim),이수민(Su-Min Lee),박수경(Su-Gyeong Park),이인수(In-Soo Lee) 한국정보기술학회 2018 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2018 No.6

비닐하우스와 같은 시설재배의 밀폐환경에서 발생할 수 있는 유해가스는 농작물에게 피해를 줄 뿐만 아니라 하우스 내부에서 작업하는 농민의 건강에도 치명적 영향을 준다. 본 논문에서는 암모니아 가스, 일산화탄소, 온도, 습도를 실시간으로 모니터링하고 자동으로 환기하는 시스템을 제안한다. 센서값은 사용자가 직접 설정할 수 있으며 센서값 이상의 유해가스와 온습도가 감지되면 비닐하우스 내부를 환기한다. 시스템을 실험하기 위해 실제 비닐하우스와 비슷한 모형 비닐하우스를 제작하여 실험하였으며, 설정한 센서값에 맞춰 환기부가 동작하였고 실험 결과 비닐하우스 내부의 대기상태가 환기되었음을 확인하였다. Noxious gases that can occur in the enclosed environment of planting facilities such as greenhouse do not only damage crops, but they also have a fatal impact on the health of farmers working inside the greenhouse. In this paper, we propose an automatic ventilation system for monitoring ammonia gas, carbon monoxide, temperature and humidity in real time. The sensor value can be set by the user and ventilate greenhouse when the noxious gases and the temperature and humidity above the sensor value are detected. In order to test the system, a model greenhouse similar to the actual greenhouse was constructed and tested. And the ventilation part was operated according to the set sensor value and it was confirmed that the atmosphere inside the greenhouse was ventilated.

저탄소 녹색성장의 구현과 생활기반구축을 위한 관련 법제의 대응 - 건물부문의 에너지 효율성을 중심으로-

한상운 한국법제연구원 2009 법제연구 Vol.- No.36

Under the high-growth policy in the 1960s, environmental pollution and ecosystem destruction have been extensively progressed by vigorous business activities focused on increasing productivity and reckless development. Specially, the climate change issue is one of the areas that receive the most attention in the world. Korea is expected to be included in regulation of greenhouse gas within a few years and our government has prepared various response strategies. First of all, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas and the conversion of awareness by general public should be preceded to achieve continuous control of the speed of global warming in a long-term point of view. Legal support is an essential element for good performance. Legal countermeasures are as follows. First, existing laws(environment, energy, construction, transportation etc.) should be legislated and amended in the direction toward a response for climate change and reduction of greenhouse gases. Second, energy efficiency of buildings and structures need to be raised. In the short term, legal obligation on display of energy rating for new buildings and constructions must be charged. In the long term, it should be expanded to all buildings. Third, Utilization of public transportations and non-motorized vehicles by general public is activated and legislation for low-pollution of private cars and public transportations should be reorganized. Also, tax system related with transportation should be changed based on carbon dioxide emissions. Fourth, display of energy rate for electronics products available at home should be expanded. Eco-labelling program, forcing display of greenhouse gas emission per hour, should be introduced and government should prepare plans to give tax benefits to consumers purchasing Eco-labeling products. Fifth, legislation to promote of Carbon point that personal of the family can participate directly in reduction of greenhouse gas is required. Sixth, education and promotion for general public, especially students are one of the most important things in the implementation to reduce greenhouse gas by stages. Thus, law related with environmental education should be complemented to practice systematic education that is differentiated by age. Finally, the legislation and revision of laws to reduce greenhouse gases must consider the care of low-income families and the limit area to impose legal obligations should use inducement strategies. In other words, it is an incentive or tax benefit that can draw voluntary participation.

CCU 기술 국내외 연구동향

김학민,나인욱 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.57 No.5

The policies and researches for the reduction of greenhouses gases have been performed according to“Paris Agreement”. Because South Korea is the 6th biggest greenhouses gas emitter in the world, the Korea government has prepared the strategies for the reduction of greenhouse gases. The development of CCUS (Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage) technology is necessary to reduce greenhouse gases. Therefore, the CCUS has been studied by many contries in the world. In this work, the trends of CCUS technologies R&D has been shortly investigated. “파리 협정”을 통해 출범된 신기후체제에 따라 세계 각국에서 온실가스를 감축하기 위한 정책과 연구가 수행되고 있으며, 우리나라에서도 온실가스 감축을 위한 대책 마련이 시급한 실정이다. IEA 보고서에 따르면 에너지 부분의 CO2 배출량이 전체 배출량의 2/3에 해당하기 때문에 온실가스 감축을 위해서는 단기적으로는 화석연료 사용을 대체할 수있는 신재생에너지의 생산과 적용 기술 개발과 에너지효율개선 기술 도입이 최선이며, 장기적인 관점에서는 온실가스를포집하고 활용하는 온실가스 포집 및 활용(CCUS, Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage) 기술 개발이 필수적이다. CCUS 기술은 온실가스를 직접적으로 감축시키는 기술로 활발하게 연구되고 있는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 다양한CCUS 기술 개요 및 연구 현황과 향후 전망에 대해서 살펴보았다.

05 포스터 발표 : 대기 환경 분야(PA) ; 논에서 논물 얕게 대기 농법에 의한 온실가스 배출과 미생물 군집 효과

김건엽 ( Gun Yeob Kim ),원항연 ( Hang Yeon Weon ),이종식 ( Jong Sik Lee ),박우균 ( Woo Kyun Park ),정현철 ( Hyun Cheol Jeon ) 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2014 No.-

The effects of water-saving irrigation on emissions of greenhouse gases and soil prokaryoticcommunities were investigated in an experimental rice field. The water layer was kept at 1.2 cm in the water-saving (WS) irrigation treatment and at 6 cm in the continuous flooding (CF) irrigation treatment. WS irrigation decreased CH4 emissions by 78 % and increased N2O emissions by 533 %, resulting in 78 % reduction of global warming potential compared to the CF irrigation. WS irrigation did not affect the abundance or phylogenetic distribution of bacterial/archaeal 16S rRNA genes and the abundance of bacterial/archaeal 16S rRNAs. The transcript abundance of CH4 emission-related genes generally followed CH4 emission patterns, but the difference in abundance between mcrA transcripts and amoA/pmoA transcripts best described the differences in CH4 emissions between the two irrigation practices.WS irrigation increased the relative abundance of 16S rRNAs and functional gene transcripts associated with Anaeromyxobacter and Methylocystis spp., suggesting that their activities might be important in emissions of the greenhouse gases. The N2O emission patterns were not reflected in the abundance of N2O emission-related genes and transcripts. We showed that the alternative irrigation practice was effective for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields and that it did not affect the overall size and structure of the soil prokaryotic community but did affect the activity of some groups.

고등어 및 갈치 생산에 따른 업종별 에너지 소모에 관한 연구

부예준(Yejoon BOO),홍성하(Seongha HONG),신동원(DongWon SHIN),이지훈(Jihoon LEE) 전남대학교 어업기술연구소 2021 어업기술연구소보고지 Vol.14 No.1

Global warming has emerged as a serious global problem, having a close relationship with industrialization and economic development that have been growing and developing since the Industrial Revolution. As global warming continues as greenhouse gases continue to rise, the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change was agreed by countries around the world in 1992 to limit greenhouse-gasemissions and prevent global warming. Also the Paris Agreement on Climate Change in 2015 calls for a gradual reduction in greenhouse gas emissions so that the global average temperature does not rise by more than 2°C compared to the previous level. While prior research is being conducted not only in other industries but also in fisheries, efforts to reduce greenhouse gases in the fisheries industry are still insufficient. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the energy consumption generated by industry per unit production of mackerel and hairtail among TAC fish species. And the annual energy consumption of each industry based on the target fish species was analyzed quantitatively. The result of the study could be used to analyze the industry"s dominance over greenhouse-gasemissions in the production of the same fish species, and provide data in related fields when researching to reduce the amount of greenhouse-gas emissions.

불소계 온실가스 감축을 위한 냉매관리 개선방안 연구

문미라 ( Mira Moon ),김민철 ( Minchul Kim ) 사단법인 아시아문화학술원 2021 인문사회 21 Vol.12 No.2

우리나라는 「대기환경보존법」, 「폐기물관리법」, 「오존층 보호를 위한 특정물질의 제조규제 등에 관한 법률」, 「전기·전자제품 및 자동차의 자원순환에 관한 법률」, 「고압가스 안전관리법」에 냉매관리가 분산되어 규정되고 있지만 불소계 온실가스 감축을 위한 기준과 규제 및 신속한 대응체계가 미흡한 수준이며, 관련 법 체계 정비 및 제도 개선이 요구되는 상황이다. 이에 비교법학 방법론을 적용하여 EU의 불소계 온실가스 규칙을 소개하고 미국과 같은 CFC, HCFC, 혼합냉매의 무단 누출 금지규정과 EU와 같이 F-GAS법을 제정한 통합관리에 대해 분석하였다. 또한 우리나라는 고압냉매 중심의 규제가 이뤄지고 있는데 미국, EU와 같은 저압냉매에 대한 규제도 강화하여 불소계 온실가스의 사각지대를 없애야 한다는 결과가 나왔다. 마지막으로 우리나라의 경우 냉매에 대한 적합한 누출기준이 마련되어 있지 않고 있어 미국 CAA 제608조와 같은 입법을 통해 체계적 관리와 규제강화, 자발적 누출방지 참여유도가 필요한 것으로 나타났고 향후 입법에 관한 노력과 연구도 있어야 할 것으로 나타났다. In Korea, refrigerant management is prescribed by the Clean Air Conservation Act, the Waste Management Act, the Regulations for Manufacturing Specific Substances for the Protection of Ozone Layer, the High Pressure Gas Safety Management Act. However, standards for reducing fluorine-based greenhouse gases, and a rapid response system are insufficient. So related legal system maintenance and system improvement are required. EU's fluorine-based greenhouse gas rules are introduced in this paper. The comparative law methodology was applied to analyze the regulations against unauthorized leakage of CFCs, HCFCs and refrigerants like the United States. On the other hand, there was also a need to enact F-GAS Act to attempt integrated management like the EU. The results showed that regulations on low-pressure refrigerants should be tightened to eliminate blind spots of fluorine greenhouse gases. And it is necessary to systematically manage, tighten regulations, and induce voluntary leakage prevention participation through legislation such as Article 608 of the CAA. And there are needs for follow-up research on future legislation.