Gender Sensitivity and Gender Equality Consciousness of Dental Hygiene Students

( Hee-jung Lim ),( Ki-eun Kim ),( Eun-Jung NamKoong ) 한국치위생과학회 2021 치위생과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Background: This study was conducted to identify the level of gender sensitivity and gender equality consciousness among dental hygiene students and to confirm the necessity of gender equality programs in the curriculum. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was conducted with some dental hygiene students using the Gender Sensitivity tool and Korean Gender Egalitarianism Scale for Adolescents (KGES-A). Results: First, the gender equality consciousness of the students who took women’s studies was high in the areas of educational life and socio-cultural life, and that of the subjects of grandparent families and Catholic was found to be high in the domestic life area. Second, the gender sensitivity of the subjects who took women’s studies was found to be high in all sub-areas. In addition, the gender sensitivity of females was higher in the areas of sexual identity, non-violence, and self-reflection than that of males. That of 4-year college students was higher in the areas of sexual identity, openness to gender roles, and non-violence than that of 3-year college students. In addition, the gender sensitivity of Catholic students was high in the areas of sexual identity and openness to gender roles. Third, gender equality consciousness was found to have an effect depending on whether subjects took women’s studies, family type, family type, and religion, and gender sensitivity was found to have an effect depending on whether subjects took women’s studies or gender. Conclusion: Since dental hygienist is a profession that targets humans, education that can instill equal awareness and values of humans is important. To inspire gender sensitivity and gender equality consciousness in a prospective professional, it is necessary to conduct programs and education related to gender intelligence within dental hygiene curriculum.

젠더전환수술과 성별 변경

음선필 홍익대학교 법학연구소 2020 홍익법학 Vol.21 No.2

Today, gender transitoning (transgender) is one of very important legal isues inKorean society. A legal isue directly related to it is the change of name and legalsex (legal gender). There is curently no law governing gender change of those whowant it through a gender(sex) reasignment surgery. Acording to the SupremeCourt's rule revised on February 21, 2020, gender transitoning wil be posiblewithout a genital reconstruction surgery. The revised rule, in efect, greatly expandsthe discretion of individual courts to alow gender change. As a result, theuniformity and consistency of the court decisions could be greatly undermined. Therefore, there is a great ned for the legislation concerning legal sex change forwhich a gender reasignment surgery is required as a requisite. Legal sex changewithout botom surgery has numerous social problems. This inevitably negates thegender binary of men and women, and recognizes not only “third gender” but alsovarious genders. So it wil bring about the fundamental chaos of the nationalidentiy system and the huge disruption of legal order. In conclusion, the changeof legal sex may be permited only in the case of gender transitoning in the narowmeaning by gender confirmment surgery in the narow meaning, i.e., by a genital reconstruction surgery, on the premise of the gender binary. 오늘날 젠더전환은 한국 사회에서 중요한 법적 쟁점의 하나이다. 젠더전환과 직접 관련한 법적 문제는 이름의 변경과 법적 성의 변경이다. 현재 젠더전환수술에 따른 성별 변경을규율하는 법률은 없다. 2020년 2월 21일 개정된 대법원의 사무처리지침에 따르면, 외부성기형성수술을 하지 않은 상태로도 성별 변경이 가능할 수 있게 된다. 개정된 사무처리지침은사실상 개별 법원에게 성별 변경을 허용하는 재량을 크게 넓혀줌으로써 법원결정의 통일성과 일관성을 크게 해칠 수 있다. 이로 말미암아 젠더전환수술에 따른 법적 성 변경에 관한 입법의 필요성이 크게 대두되었다. 성기변환 수술을 하지 않은 젠더전환은 실로 여러사회적 문제점을 안고 있다. 왜냐하면 이것으로 말미암아 필연적으로 남성-여성의 젠더이분법(gender binary)을 부정하며 제3의 젠더 뿐 아니라 다양한 젠더를 인정하게 되기 때문이다. 이는 협의의 젠더전환과는 전혀 다른 차원으로 국가신원제도의 근본적인 혼돈과법질서의 엄청난 혼란을 가져올 수 있다고 본다. 따라서 법적 성의 변경은 젠더이분법을전제로 하여 협의의 젠더전환수술에 따른 협의의 젠더전환의 경우에만 제한적으로 허용되어야 한다.

문화콘텐츠 인력양성사업 성인지 예산 분석

양민석(Min-Suk Yang),유정미(Jeong Mi Yoo),이재경(Jae Kyung Lee) 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2009 여성연구 Vol.76 No.-

본 논문은 문화콘텐츠 인력양성 정책에 투여된 정부예산을 성인지 관점으로 분석한 것이다. ‘정책 영역의 성불평등구조 파악’, ‘성별 예산수혜 경향분석’, ‘예산배분의 성별 규칙이 성불평등 구조에 미치는 영향’, ‘성평등한 예산 배분을 위한 제안’, ‘제안에 대한 검토’로 분석단계를 설정하고 분석을 전개하였다. 분석결과 성별이 문화콘텐츠산업 인력양성정책 예산을 배분하는데 영향을 미치는 변수로 작동하고 있었다. 남성이 많이 참여하는 사업은 1인당 수혜액의 크기가 커서 양질의 예산이 투여되는 반면에, 여성이 많이 참여하는 사업의 경우는 수혜자에게 돌아가는 예산 규모가 크지 않음으로써, 예산의 질적 배분은 성별화된 결과를 보여주었다. 또 예산 배분에는 콘텐츠 산업 인력구성의 성불평등 구조에 대한 개선이 전혀 고려되고 있지 않아서, 콘텐츠산업의 불평등 구조인 ‘문화산업인력의 여성화’, ‘경력구조의 남성중심성’, ‘이중적 직무구조의 성차별성’을 개선하기보다는 답습하고 강화하는 효과가 컸다. 콘텐츠산업은 새롭게 주목받는 신성장산업이고, 젊은 인력이 다수 포진하고 있으며 여성의 선호도가 높은 산업이다. ‘문화산업인력의 여성화’는 콘텐츠산업의 특징이자 불평등 구조의 하나이다. 때문에 인력양성을 위한 예산배분이 인력의 성별 배치구조를 고려하지 않는다면 콘텐츠산업이 목표하는 인력양성의 과제를 달성하기 어렵다. 문화콘텐츠산업 인력양성정책을 수립하고 예산을 배분하는데 있어서 인력구성의 성별 특징을 고려하고 성평등한 전략을 모색할 필요가 있다. This paper analyzed the public expenditure used for culture contents specialists programs from a gender perspective. It consists of “analysis of gender inequality structures of the culture contents industry”, “gender-disaggregated benefit incidence analysis”, “evaluation of budget distribution effect of gender inequality” and “suggestion for a gender equality strategy”. We discovered through analysis that gender has had an impact on the budget distribution of the policy. The programs in which men mostly participated had more qualified budget because in these programs the size of benefit per person was bigger than others. Contrarily, the programs in which the rate of women participation was higher distributed much less benefit to participants. It shows that budget distribution was gendered. In the process of budget allocation, the gender inequality structure of the industry was not taken into consideration. Therefore, the result of distribution repeated and strengthened the gender inequality structure, “feminization of culture contents labor”, “male-dominated career development”, and “gender division of labor”, rather than weakened them. The culture contents industry is the new industry expected high growth, and is involving young work force and has the high level of favor from young women. “The feminization of culture contents labor” is both a distinctive feature and one of inequality structures. Accordingly, if the government does not consider gender in the policy formation and budget distribution, it cannot effectively achieve the objectives of this policy. A gender perspective need to be incorporated into the culture contents training programs and their budgets.

Gender Roles, Accessibility, and Gendered Spatiality

Hyun-Mi Kim(김현미) 대한지리학회 2007 대한지리학회지 Vol.42 No.5

본 연구는 젠더차별적인 접근성 경험의 다양한 측면들을 규명하고자 한다. 사회적으로 구축된 성역할이 어떻게 남성과 여성간의 접근성 경험을 다르게 만드는가를 특히 자녀를 가진 맞벌이부부의 비교를 통해 다루었다. 미국 Portland 지역의 개인통행데이터 및 시간지리학에 토대를 둔 시ㆍ공간 접근성의 GIS기반 지오컴퓨테이션 결과를 이용해 경험적 분석을 수행하였다. 첫째, 성평등적인 사회로 변하고 있다는 일반적 기대와는 달리 가정 내 성별 분업은 여전히 지속되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 다음으로는 성역할이 여성과 남성의 접근성 경험을 차별적으로 구조화하는 방식과 그러한 접근성 경험이 다시 젠더화된 공간성의 형태를 띠게 되는 방식에 대해 살펴보았다. 젠더화된 공간성, 특히, 집-중심적이고 공간적으로 제한적인 여성의 특징을 활동공간 및 접근성공간의 측면에서 분석하고, 그 양자간의 관계에 대해서도 살펴보았다. 남성 배우자보다 많은 가사 부담과, 더 중요하게는, 퇴근 후 탁아시설/학교에 가서 자녀를 데려오는 행위의 시간적 제약이 여성의 가능한 활동공간을 보다 집 근처로 제한하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 접근성 공간의 시공간적 맥락 분석은 젠더화된 공간성을 잘 드러내주고 있다. 그러나 본 연구는 행위결과는 개인이 직면하고 있는 제약들에 대한 명확한 인식 속에서 이해되어야 한다는 점을 지적하고자 한다. 실현된 활동공간은 제약의 산물일 수도 있지만, 또한 선택의 결과물일 수도 있기 때문이다. 행위결과를 제약수준의 직접적인 표현으로 취급해서는 안 된다. 행위결과가 제약수준을 그대로 반영한다는 기대나, 발현된 결과로부터 제약수준을 그대로 유추해낼 수 있다는 가정은 문제가 있다. This study attempts to elucidate manifold dimensions of gendered accessibility experiences. How gender roles (household responsibilities) differentiate accessibility experiences between women and men is explored through the comparison of married dual-earner couples’ parental status, using the US Portland activity-travel diary dataset with GIS-based geocomputation results of (time-geography based) space-time accessibility. First, this study shows how gender division of labor within the household still permeates current society, despite the widespread belief of the social change toward a gender-egalitarian society. Then, the study pays special attention to the way gender roles structure individual accessibility experiences of women and men differently, and, in turn, the way such accessibility experiences take a form of gendered spatiality. Gendered spatiality is examined through the analysis of accessibility space as well as activity space in order to ascertain women’s home-attached and spatially entrapped characteristics. More household responsibilities throughout a day and, even more, the time constraint of picking up children at the daycare centers after work lead women’s possible activity space to be more home-centered. The analysis of the spatio-temporal context of accessibility space makes gendered spatiality visible. However, the findings suggest that behavioral outcomes should be understood with an explicit awareness of constraints individuals face. It is because the revealed activity spaces can be not only an outcome of constraint but also an outcome of choice. Behavioral outcomes should not be treated as a straightforward expression of the level of constraints. It is problematic to expect that behavioral outcomes directly mirror the level of constraints. It is also problematic to suppose that the level of constraints can be straightforwardly elicited from revealed behavioral outcomes.

수학 교육 연구에서 성별(性別)의 의미 고찰

김리나 한국수학교육학회 2019 수학교육논문집 Vol.33 No.4

Gender might be interpreted in different roles and meanings depending on social and cultural backgrounds. Based on the premise that understanding of gender may change the direction of mathematics education, this paper confirmed how gender is interpreted in the preceding study of mathematics education in Korea by applying the literature research method. In particular, predictive model based on empirical perspective and gender schema model based on constructivist perspective. Based on the analysis of gender and research methods in cultural and historical composition models based on historical perspectives and postmodernism models based on postmodernism perspectives, this study analyzed trends in domestic mathematics education. As a result of the analysis, it is confirmed that gender is recognized as a biological difference in domestic mathematics education, and that analysis of gender and related elements of mathematics education is mainly used using statistical analysis techniques. This suggests that various approaches to interpreting gender's role in future mathematics education are needed. The existing mathematics education research on gender is composed in terms of gender differences. Since biology at the time did not explain this difference, however, it should now be based on the concept of gender, which is socially defined gender. Accurate understanding of gender and gender can be the basis for clearer understanding and interpretation of gender-related mathematics research. 성별(性別)은 사회 및 문화적 배경에 따라 그 역할과 의미가 다르게 해석될 수 있다. 성별에 대한 이해는 수학 교육연구 방향을 변화시킬 수 있다는 전제를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 문헌연구방법을 적용하여 국내 수학 교육 선행 연구에 있어 성별이 어떻게 해석되고 있는지를 확인하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 실증주의적 관점을 바탕으로 한 예측모델, 구성주의적 관점을 바탕으로 한 성별 스키마 모델, 역사적 관점을 바탕으로 한 문화 역사적 구성 모델, 포스트모더니즘 관점을 바탕으로 한 포스트모더니즘 모델에서의 성별 연구 방법에 대한 분석을 토대로 선행 연구를 분석하여 국내 수학 교육 연구의 동향을 파악하였다. 분석 결과 국내 수학 교육에서 성별은 생물학적 차이로 인식되고 있으며, 통계적 분석 기법을 활용하여 성별과 수학 교육의 관련 요소 분석이 주를 이루고 있음을 확인하였다. 이에 향후 수학 교육에 있어 성별의 역할을 해석할 수 있는 다양한 접근법이 필요하다는 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다.

한국어 신문 읽기에서 성별추론

신효정(Hyojung Shin) 한국영미어문학회 2010 영미어문학 Vol.- No.96

This paper investigated how gender inference is generated in Korean newspaper reading, in which there are no specific gender-markers except for gender stereotyped personal names and occupations. Three experiments were conducted to see how these two factors actually work in gender inference. In experiment 1, to check stereotyped gender information for personal names of native Koreans, I collected 20 personal names from different languages (written in Korean) from daily newspapers and asked participants about the gender they guessed intuitively. While most of the Korean names were distinctively divided into female and male, other foreign names written in Korean showed unstable division. In experiment 2, participants were instructed to read a newspaper article where a gender stereotyped occupation, 'politician(the spoke person of Grand Nation Party)' was included and to recall the gender of the person. The result showed that 68% of the participants recalled the politician as a male even though she was referred with a female name which was assessed as a female name at 98% in experiment 1. It reflected the strong effect of a stereotyped occupation in gender inference. In experiment 3, three foreign names were respectively combined with different occupations and were asked to check the gender. The result indicated that there was no difference between with and without a name in judging gender. It gave me the evidence that personal names are not reliable gender-marker when they comes with a strongly stereotyped occupation which is common in newspaper article, and in the case, gender inference is likely based on the background knowledge about the stereotyped occupations stored in a reader's mental model.

젠더·어펙트 연구에서 연결성의 문제: 데이터 제국의 도래와 ‘인문’의 미래

권명아 동아대학교 석당학술원 2020 石堂論叢 Vol.0 No.77

In today’s Korean society, gender has become the concept that causes the most conflict. For those who oppose the concept of gender since it damages “biological sex,” it is an “enemy” that destroys humans’ inborn nature and Korean societal traditions that should be protected. In such discussions, biological sex belongs to the past since it refers to originality, while gender is unknown and transplanted from the outside, and also is futuristic because it is something new that threatens our reality. Political groups calling themselves neoconservatives have established the Gender Conflict Resolution Board to advocate their key ideal: gender conflict here implies the “threat to be eliminated” for the new conservatives and the establishment of a renewed past. On the other hand, South Korea’s ruling political party, claiming to advocate liberalism, has proclaimed the beginning of “AInomics,” referring to its national strategies of forming economic policies based on artificial intelligence (AI) for the future. AI-nomics is depicted as a more “technology-based future” that is gender-neutral and that the national community must prepare for in a systematic manner. The AI-nomics initiative of the current government is an effective strategy to avoid physicality-related conflicts based on the human body (typically, conflicts in gender) by desomatizing, denaturalizing, and dehumanizing technology and consequently generating discussion that misleads people to think that technology is gender neutral. Such a policy stance is also related to the myth of AI autonomy, symbolized by the match between Lee Sedol and AlphaGo, and arguments that replacement of the human body with artificial intelligence and technology is an irreversible change—represented by the viewpoints of government officials who believe that massive layoffs of female highway toll collectors were inevitable due to the replacement of labor by technology that would have made such jobs disappear anyways. The heterogeneous strategies of gender claimed by the far right, the “new conservatives,” and liberals are closely related to the perceptions, narratives and prospects of the past, the present and the future. Heterogeneous judgments of the past and the future are also inseparable from the creation of narratives of, granting values on, and establishing relationships with physicality and connectivity. The idea of and political stance on gender have a close relation to the granting of value on the judgments and direction of physicality (including embodiment, trans-embodiment, and re-embodiment) and connectivity (changes in connectivity between humans and humans, humans and society, humans and non-humans, humans and technology, and through technology). This study aims to initiate discussion with gender, affect, connectivity and body as keywords towards making a critical and theoretical intervention into reality regarding such a future strategy. This study also attempts to highlight the issues of gender and affect studies by comparing different theoretical approaches and methods of intervention into reality in regards to gender, affect, connectivity, and body. First, this study analyzes the past and the future rendered in discussions about gender, affect, connectivity and the body in national policy as a strategy for Korean society’s future. Then, by contemplating various discussions hostile to the phenomenon known as the “Cho Kuk Scandal,” this study examines the problematic issues that are always resolved from the confrontational aspects of the possibilities of populism (competencies of the multitude) and malaise (fascist spontaneity of the public). Also, by suggesting confrontational arguments of radical feminism and intersectional feminism in regard to the theory of gender dissolution, this study compares and contemplates discussions on xenofeminists’ declaration claiming intersectional feminism and gender dissolution theory at the same time... 이 연구는 젠더, 정동(어펙트), 연결성이라는 세 개념과 관련된 이론적․현실적 쟁점을 다루고 이론이 나아갈 방향을 탐색한다. 세 개념 모두 이론적․현실적으로 과도할 정도로 많은 논란이 따르고 있어, 개념이나 이론의 문제로 다룰 때 많은 난관에 봉착하곤 한다. 젠더는 페미니즘 이론의 기본 개념이지만 이론의 역사나 이론에서의 개념 정의와 무관하게 현실에서는 난감한 논란이 끊이지 않는다. 젠더와 관련된 많은 사안이 거대 권력과 대형 미디어, 대립하는 세력들의 담론 투쟁에 휩쓸려 불타오르고 있어 이론이 다루기에 도저히 역부족인 상태까지 극단으로 치닫고 있는 것이 오늘의 현실이다. 이런 파국에 이르게 된 여러 원인과 구조를 파악하는 일도 젠더 연구의 큰 과제이다. 본고에서는 그런 연구의 한 과정으로서 젠더, 어펙트, 연결성과 관련된 이론적․현실적 쟁점을 국내외의 여러 사례를 통해 살펴보고 담론 투쟁의 파국을 이론으로 돌파할 수 있는 가능성을 찾아보고자 한다. 또한 이 연구는 젠더, 어펙트, 연결성과 신체에 대한 상이한 이론적 대응 방식과 현실 개입 방식을 비교하여 젠더 연구와 어펙트 연구에서 진행 중인 논점을 정리하여 제시하고자 한다. 먼저 한국 사회의 국가 정책에서 젠더, 어펙트, 연결성과 신체에 대한 논의가 그려내는 과거와 미래를 분석한다. ‘적폐청산’을 강조하던 정부 기조가 ‘4차 산업 혁명’, ‘AI 노믹스’를 내세운 ‘미래 전략’이라는 담론 프레임으로 변화하는 과정은 국가 정책 기조에서 시간성이 어떻게 변화하고 있는지를 잘 보여준다. 그리고 시간성의 변화는 젠더와 신체에 대한 패러다임의 변화와 밀접한 관련을 맺는다는 게 이 연구에서 논하고자 하는 중요한 지점이다. 미래 전략이 ‘AI 노믹스’로 전환된 것은 한국 사회만은 아니다. ‘4차 산업혁명’ 담론으로 대표되는 과학기술을 통해 미래 전략을 재구성해야한다는 요청은 이제 교육, 삶, 돌봄, 재생산 등 삶 전반에 걸쳐 진행 중이다. 돌봄을 정동 체계의 하나로 분석해온 페미니즘 이론에서 과학 기술과 미래에 대한 논쟁이 다시 대두한 것은 이런 사정과 관련된다. 그러나 젠더 연구와 과학 기술, 그리고 다가올 것들에 대해서는 아직은 본격적인 논의가 진행 중이지 않다. 4차 산업 혁명 담론이나, ‘AI 노믹스’가 국가 전략이 되는 시대, 페미니즘 이슈는 ‘생물학적 성과 사회문화적 성’의 대립과 갈등의 주위를 맴돌고 있다. 이 역시 매우 징후적이다. 이에 대해 본고에서는 ‘젠더․어펙트’라는 개념으로 접근하여 규명할 것을 제안하고 있다. 이런 의미에서 이 연구에서는 과학기술을 통해 페미니즘을 ‘혁신’할 것을 주장하는 제노페미니즘의 논의를 비판적으로 검토하고 있다. 또 “젠더 해소론”을 둘러싼 래디컬 페미니즘과 교차성 페미니즘의 대립적 논의를 전제하면서 교차성 페미니즘을 주장하면서 젠더 해소론을 주장하는 제노페미니스트 선언의 논의와 해러웨이의 사이보그 선언, 테크노 페미니즘의 논의와 정동 연구에서의 테크놀로지와 디지털화 그리고 몸의 관계에 대해 비교 고찰한다. 이 고찰을 통해서 테크놀로지와 몸에 대한 극도로 이질적인 사유들이 미래를 구상하는 대립적인 관점에 다름 아니라는 점을 확인할 수 있다. 몸과 테크놀로지에 대한 젠더 연구와 정동 연구의 문제의식은 신체적 물질(bodily matter)에 대한 새로운 지평을 열면서 신체에 대 ...

Gender Empowerment in South Korean Development : Lessons for Foreign Aid

KIM, EUN MEE,LEE, JAE EUN 이화여자대학교 국제통상협력연구소 2011 Asian International Studies Review Vol.12 No.1

South Korea's rapid economic development in the 20th century had in its core women's employment in labor-intensive export industries. This paper examines South Korea's economic development through the lens of women's employment and gender empowerment. Although women's empowerment was not part of a goal of South Korea's development, large mobilization of women in the exporting light manufacturing sector eventually led to women's empowerment. Using OECD/DAC's guidelines on gender mainstreaming and gender equality, the paper examines how the South Korean experience can provide an alternative to women's empowerment in developing countries. We conclude that there has to be greater sensitivity to address gender-related issues including gender-mainstreaming and gender-sensitive budgets in order to help women attain economic as well as political empowerment in development cooperation.

Gender Equality and Sustainable Development

Paloma Duran y Lalaguna,Ekaterina Dorodnykh 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2018 Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International D Vol.9 No.1

Gender-related constraints have high costs to society in terms of untapped potential in achieving poverty eradication, health, education, food security, environmental and energy sustainability, and economic growth. There is strong evidence that closing gender gap accelerates progress towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. While there has been some progress towards better gender equality, there is much more to be done in abolishing gender discrimination. This paper showcases various approaches and interventions to promote gender equality, implemented by the UN development mechanism, SDG Fund and its precursor the MDG Fund. The case studies represent various geographical regions (Bangladesh, the occupied Palestinian territory, Vietnam, Ethiopia, Bolivia and Nicaragua) and confirm the importance of joint efforts to promote and protect the rights of women and girls with the aim to support sustainable development. Finally, various approaches and interventions to promote gender equality (mainly through capacity development, legislative and policy frameworks, advocacy and communication, increased awareness on gender equality and women empowerment, economic and political empowerment and access to health) confirm that gender equality is a multi-dimensional issue which needs to be addressed by a range of solutions and actors. Sustainable development can never be attained without the empowerment of women and girls. Urgent actions are needed to empower women and girls, ensuring that they have equal opportunities to benefit from development and removing the barriers that prevent them from being full participants in all spheres of society.

불교신자의 성평등의식에 관한 성별 분석 - 종교적 영역을 중심으로 -

옥복연 한국불교학회 2011 韓國佛敎學 Vol.59 No.-

This study analyzes the reality of gender-equality consciousness between buddhist men and women, especially in the religious area. Using the data from a Survey of Buddhist Gender-Equality Consciousness conducted on 1,589 buddhists throughout the Jogejong temples from August to September, 2010. The study focuses on the sexual discrimination during the religious life, Buddhist teachings(dharma), gender-equality policy, and Jogejong order's law. Also the study focuses on the gender-equality education to understand how many buddhists are interested in the gender-equality, and search for the method of overcome sexual discrimination. Many buddhists believed that dharma does teach gender-equality and that it helps to have such behavior. In the Jogejong order's law area, most buddhist were agreed that the prohibition of bikuni's head of Jogejong's central organization(Chongmuwon), a Representative of the main branch temples, and the regulation of sexual ratio in the central meeting(Jongwhi) are gender-inequality. Therefore, both men and women were agreed that these sex-discriminative law should be amended. The results also show that the most frequent type of sex discrimination was the use of crude language only to women. In the policy area, the lack of women leaders in Chongmuwon is an example of sex discrimination, and Jogejong leaders and Buddhist men should recognize women's ability based on the Buddhist doctrine. Generally, men experienced the education for gender -equality more than women, and it indeed helped them. Since then, more people intended to take the gender- equality education. People also said that in order to have the gender-equality spread throughout the religion, the buddhist people must have the gender-equal behavior,and that the monks and the leaders must be the examples. In conclusion, buddhists recognize that the Buddha is not represented as a misogynist, but buddhist traditions and a monastic order make androcentric text and context. Therefore, Buddhist should not discriminate against women, and that gender is an irrelevant category in the spiritual life. 이 논문은 종교영역에서의 남녀 불교신자의 성평등의식의 실태와 성별차이를 분석하고자 하였다. 2010년 전국의 조계종소속 사찰에서 신행활동을 하는 남녀불자 1,589명을 대상으로 한 ‘불교신자의 성평등의식실태조사’자료를 활용하여, 종교 영역에서의 성평등 실태와 성평등의식의 확산을 위한 불교계의 앞으로의 과제를 살펴보았다. 많은 불자들이 불교 교리가 성평등을 가르치며, 성평등한 생활태도를갖는데 도움이 된다고 응답하였는데, 특히 여성에 비해 남성이 교리가 성평등하다는 응답이 더 많았다. 하지만 조계종 종헌종법상 비구니스님의 총무원장/본사주지 불가/중앙종회의 비구 71명 및 비구니10명의 성비 규정등은 성차별이라는 응답이 압도적이었다. 불교계에 여성리더의 부족은 능력보다 남성을 우선시하기 때문이며, 수행과정에서 경험한 성차별 중 가장많은 유형은 여성에게만 반말을 하는 것으로 조사되었다. 성평등교육 경험은 남성이 여성보다 많이 경험했고, 교육 경험자가 교리적 성평등의식이높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 성평등 확산을 위한 과제로 일반 신도들이 스스로 남녀 평등한 생활태도를 가져야 하며, 스님을 포함한 교계 지도자가 남녀평등의 모범을 보여야 한다고 응답하였다.