규칙적인 운동참여자의 일반적 특성과 운동자기 - 도식, 자기효능감에 관한 관계

정영수 한국웰니스학회 2020 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.15 No.4

This study considered the behavioral and practical interactions according to the general characteristics of college students. The purpose of this study is to verify the relationship between exercise self-scheme and self-efficacy. A total of 204 subjects were studied, and the population was college students aged 20-23. As measurement tools, exercise self-scheman and self-efficacy exercise questionnaire were used. For data processing, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, variance analysis, Scheffe's post-test, and stepwise regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 22.0 program. The results of this study were as follows that Th First, The results of this study were as follows: First, it was found that there were differences in exercise self-schemata and self-efficacy by college students's of general characteristics (gender, exercise intensity, duration of exercise, and frequency of exercise). exercise self-schemate showed a high level of significance in the intensity of one exercise and the frequency of exercise, and self-efficacy showed a high level of significance in the duration of exercise and the intensity of one exercise. The Second, exercise self-schemata has a high influence on self-efficacy, and among the sub-factors, self-regulation and task preference are considered important factors. 본 연구는 대학생들의 일반적 특성에 따른 행동 실천적 상호적 관계를 고려하여 운동 자기-도식과 자기효능감의 관계를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구대상은 20세-23세의 대학생을 모집단으로 총 204명이다. 측정도구는 운동 자기-도식(exercise self-scheman)과 자기효능감(self-efficacy exercise) 질문지를 사용하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS 22.0프로그램을 활용하여 탐색적 요인분석(Exploratory factor analysis), 상관관계(correlation analysis), 변량분석과 Scheffe의 사후검증 및 단계적 회귀분석(stepwise regression analysis)를 실시하였다. 본 연구결과는 첫째, 대학생들의 일반적 특성(성별, 1회 운동참여 시 운동강도, 운동기간, 운동빈도)에 의해 운동 자기-도식과 자기효능감에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 운동 자기-도식은 1회 운동 강도와 운동빈도에 높은 유의수준을 나타냈고 자기효능감은 운동기간과 1회 운동강도에 높은 유의수준을 나타났다. 둘째, 운동 자기-도식은 자기효능감에 높은 영향을 미치며 하위요인 중 자기조절과 과제선호도가 중요한 요인으로 사료된다.

운동생리학 : 자기효능증진 에어로빅스가 여대생의 신체구성 및 심폐기능에 미치는 효과

박종욱(JongWookPark),이홍자(HongJaLee),백선복(SunBokPaik) 한국체육학회 2005 한국체육학회지 Vol.44 No.2

The research design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 32 female college students recruited from one university in Y-gun, Cheon-na province, South Korea. The experimental group consisted of 16, and there were 16 in the control group. The study was conducted from 1st November to 11th December 2003. During this 6 weeks period, both experimental and control group had participated in the aerobic exercise program which was composed 60% intensive activity, lasted 60 minutes per day, took place 3 times a week. The subjects in the experimental group also participated in the self-efficacy enhancing education program once a week for 6 weeks. The self-efficacy enhancing education program included teaching about the exercise's effects, sharing their exercise experience and counseling. Before and after the exercise program, the variables measured were physiological factors; blood pressure, weight, %body fat, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy was measured with the Sherer, Maddux, Mercandante, Jacobs & Rogers(1982) measurement. The baseline sociodemographic characteristics were compared between groups using the Chi-squire test, t-test. In order to compare the effects of the exercise program between experimental and control group, Repeated Measure ANOVA was employed. After performing exercise with the self-efficacy enhancing exercise program for 6 weeks, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the experimental group compared with the control group were significantly decreased(p<.05). Total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein in the experimental group compared with the control group were significantly decreased after the exercise program(p<.05). Self-efficacy in the experimental group compared with the control group was significantly increased after the exercise program(p<.05). From these findings, it was confirmed that self-efficacy enhancing education program can: decrease systolic and diastolic blood pressure, decrease total cholesterol, improve self-efficacy. The results suggest that the increasing self-efficacy was useful in helping college students to adhere a regular exercise practice. The results also suggest that self-efficacy enhancing education programs for college students were necessary for improving their exercise activity. Because of this results, the well designed exercise program with self-efficacy enhancing education is able to help individuals to adhere regular exercise practice.

성인의 신체활동과 관련된 운동 자기-도식, 운동심상 그리고 운동 자기효능감

박인경 ( In Kyoung Park ),강수진 ( Soo Jin Kang ) 한국스포츠심리학회 2016 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the differences among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity by gender, age, stages of changes and to identify structural relationship among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity of adults. Methods: Six hundred questionnaires were initially distributed to college students, company employees and sports center members. Among them, total 569 were finally used in this study(male: 288, female:281, Mage=38.36). Exercise self-schema inventory, exercise imagery inventory, exercise self-efficacy scale and weekly leisure-time exercise questionnaire were revised into Korean and applied in the study. Frequency analysis, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were carried out to test the possible relationship among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity. All analyses were conducted by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18. Results: Results indicated that there was significant differences in exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy, and physical activity by gender, age, and the stages of exercise changes. And results indicated that there was positive relationship among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity of adults. Conclusion: This study suggests that cognitive intervention strategies aimed at exercise self-schema and exercise imagery could be significant to promote physical activity.

운동 비디오게임이 노인의 운동 자기효능감과 지각된 자신의 건강상태에 미치는 영향

김성운,김우철,김한철 한국스포츠심리학회 2019 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of exercise video games on elderly adults’exercise self-efficacy and self-perceived health status. Methods: Subjects were 60 elderly adults aged 65–75 years (mean = 72.09 years). All subjects were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions: (1) exercise video game group (n = 20), (2) aerobic exercise group (n = 20), and (3) control group (n = 20). We examined the differences in exercise self-efficacy and self-perceived health status using two-way repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with a 3 (group: exercise video game group, aerobic exercise group, control group) × 2 (time: pre-test, post-test) design. The main effects of group were tested using a Tukey’s HSD (honest significant difference) approach. And post-hoc testing using the LMATRIX & MMATRIX subcommands in combination with syntax was conducted for interaction effects. All statical analysis was performed by using SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The results showed that the aerobic exercise and exercise video game groups exhibited significantly higher scores on exercise self-efficacy and self-perceived health than did the control group. However, we observed no significant differences between the aerobic exercise and exercise video game groups in either outcome. Conclusion: This suggests that an exercise video game was an effective form of exercise for improving the exercise self-efficacy and self-perceived health status of elderly adults.

초등학생의 운동 자기도식과 자기효능감 및 운동참여 의도와의 구조적 관계

김인수(Kim In-Soo) 한국체육교육학회 2016 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.21 No.1

이 연구는 초등학생을 대상으로 운동 자기도식과 자기효능감 및 운동참여의도와의 구조적 관계를 구명하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기위해 전라남도와 광주광역시에 소재한 10개 초등학교 5학년 이상 538명을 대상으로 운동 자기도식척도, 자기효능감척도 및 운동참여의도 척도를 사용하여 기술분석, 상관분석 및 경로분석을 실시하여 얻은 결과 첫째, 기술분석에서 운동 자기도식, 자기효능감 및 운동참여의도는 모두 보통(3.0) 수준을 보였으며 성별 집단 간에는 남학생이 여학생에 비해 행동적 자기도식과 자기효능감 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 이 연구에서 외생변인으로 운동 자기도식을, 내생변인으로 자기효능감과 운동참여의도를 설정한 구조적모델은 이론모델로 양호한 것으로 나타났으며(χ<SUP>2</SUP> = 87.163, Df=82, RMR=.037, GFI=944, NFI=.962, TLI=.973, CFI=.979, RMSEA=.054) 이 모델은 부분매개모델로 나타났다. 셋째, 구체적인 경로분석에서 운동자기도식 → 자기효능감, 운동자기도식→운동참여의도, 자기효능감 →운동참여의도의 경로가 유의하였고, 자기효능감은 인지⋅감정적 운동도식과 행동적 운동 자기도식과 운동참여의도 사이를 긍정적(+)으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 아동의 운동참여의도를 높이기 위해서는 운동 자기도식의 형성을 돕고, 자기효능감 수준을 높여주어야 함을 제시해 주고 있다. Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to define casual relation among exercise self-schema, self-efficacy and intention of athletic participation of elementary school children. Methods: This study set up a casual relation model which was composed of exogenous variables exercise self-schema and endogenous variables were self-efficacy and intention of athletic participation of children. The participants were 538 elementary school children(boys: 266, girls: 272) who were more 5<SUP>th</SUP> grade in G city and J province. This study used exercise self-schema, self-efficacy, and intention of athletic participation scales. This study use descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and path analysis. Results: In analysis of description, children show general range(3.0) means of exercise self-schema, self-efficacy, and intention athletic participation. The boys showed higher behavioral self-schema and self-efficacy than those of girls. In analysis of correlation, there were significant relations between self-schema, self-efficacy, and intention of athletic participation each other. In analysis structure equation, this model can be used as theoretical model because general indexes were proved (χ<SUP>2</SUP>=180.87, df=82, Q=2.20, RMR=.037, GFI=.994, TLI=.973, CFI=.979, RMSEA=.054). In analysis details index, there were significant paths of self-schema ⟶ self-efficacy, self-schema → intention of athletic participation, and self-schema⟶ intention of athletic participation. Conclusion: In this study define there are causal relationships among self-schema, self-efficacy, and intention of athletic participation. In this study, self-efficacy have positive effect(+) to the intention of athletic participation and effect of partial mediator between self-schema and intention of athletic participation.

체육수업에서 자기효능감과 끈기가 운동수행에 미치는 영향

김인수 한국체육교육학회 2022 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Purpose: This study analyzes whether self-efficacy and tenacity affect exercise performance in physical education classes for college students. Methods: The subjects of the study were 164 students attending G University as of 2021. The measures used in the study were self-efficacy, tenacity, and exercise performance scales. The analysis methods used in this study were confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation analysis. Results: First, it was found that self-efficacy had a direct effect on tenacity and exercise performance. Second, it was found that tenacity not only has a direct effect on exercise performance, but also has an indirect effect. Third, this research model, which uses self-efficacy as an exogenous variable and tenacity and exercise performance as an endogenous variable, was found to be suitable as a theoretical model. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the mediating effect, it was found that tenacity partially mediated self-efficacy and exercise performance. Conclusion: Self-efficacy has a positive effect on tenacity and exercise performance in physical education classes, and tenacity partially mediates self-efficacy and exercise performance, so it is necessary to improve the factors of tenacity as well as self-efficacy in physical education classes. 목적: : 이 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 체육수업에서 자기효능감과 끈기가 운동수행에 영향을 미치는지를 분석하는 것이다. 방법: 연구자는 연구문제 해결을 위해 G대학에 재학 중인 164명(남: 68, 여: 96)의 학생을 대상으로 자기효능감, 끈기, 운동수행 변인을 측정하여 상관분석과 구조분석(SEM)을 실시하였다. 결과: 첫째, 자기효능감은 끈기와 운동수행에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 끈기는 운동수행에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 간접효과도 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 자기효능감을 외생변인으로 하고, 끈기와 운동수행을 내생변인으로 한 이 연구모델은 이론모델로 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 매개효과를 분석한 결과 끈기가 자기효능감과 운동수행을 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 체육수업에서 자기효능감은 끈기와 운동수행에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 끈기는 자기효능감과 운동수행을 부분 매개함으로서 체육수업에서 운동수행 향상을 위해서는 자기효능감은 물론 끈기의 요인도 향상시킬 필요가 있다.

성인들의 신체활동과 관련된 운동심상, 의사결정균형, 운동 자기효능감

박인경(InKyoungPark),김영호(YoungHoKim) 한국체육학회 2012 한국체육학회지 Vol.51 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 성인의 성, 연령, 운동변화단계에 따른 신체활동, 운동심상, 의사결정균형 그리고 운동 자기효능감의 차이를 확인하고, 신체활동을 예측하는데 있어 운동심상, 의사결정균형 그리고 운동 자기효능감이 유의하게 작용하는지 여부를 밝히고자 하였다. 총 426명(남자 : 198명, 여자 : 228명, 평균연령 = 31.02세)의 성인들을 대상으로 운동심상 검사지, 의사결정균형 검사지, 운동 자기효능감 검사지, 주간 운동수준 질문지를 사용하였으며, 기술통계, 탐색적 요인분석, 신뢰도 검증, 변량분석, 상관분석, 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 성, 연령, 운동변화단계에 따라 운동심상, 의사결정균형, 운동 자기효능감, 신체활동에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한, 신체활동을 설명하는 예측인자로서 외형-건강 심상이 23.7%로 가장 높은 설명력을 보였으며, 그 다음으로 운동 자기효능감 17.6%, 운동기분 심상 12.6%, 운동장애 11.9%의 순으로 나타났다. 신체활동을 예측하는데 있어 본 연구에서 적용한 모든 변인들의 전체적인 설명력은 23.1%로 나타났다. 성인의 신체활동을 증가시키기 위한 전략은 그들이 가지고 있는 운동심상과 운동 자기효능감을 극대화하고 운동장애를 최소화하는데 초점을 맞추어야 할 것이다. The purposes of this study were to identify the differences among physical activity, exercise imagery, decisional balance and exercise self efficacy by sex, age, stages of change, and to investigate the relationship of physical activity with exercise imagery, decisional balance and exercise self efficacy. A total of 426 adults (male : 198, female : 228, Mean age = 31.02 years) were voluntarily participated in the study. Korean exercise imagery inventory, decisional balance for exercise scale, exercise self-efficacy scale, and weekly leisure-time exercise questionnaire were used to measure the study's variables. Results indicated that there were significant differences in exercise imagery, decisional balance, exercise self efficacy, and physical activity by sex, age, and the exercise stages. Twenty-three percent of the total study variables accounted for physical activity (R2 = .23) and of the study's variables, appearance-health imagery (B = 23.7) had the strongest effect on physical activity. In addition, the results indicated that exercise self-efficacy, exercise feeling imagery, and exercise cons had a statistically substantial linear relation with physical activity (B = .176, .126, and .119, respectively). The current study implies that the development of better exercise interventions for adults should be aimed at maximizing exercise imagery and self-efficacy and minimizing exercise cons.

인문,사회과학편 : 노인의 운동정서가 자기효능감에 미치는 영향

온채은(ChaeEunOn) 한국체육학회 2007 한국체육학회지 Vol.46 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 노인의 개인변인(성별, 연령, 배우자, 학력)과 운동정서가 자기효능감과 어떤 관계가 있는지를 규명하는 것이다. 서울시에 거주하는 213명의 노인(남: 136명, 여: 77명)을 대상으로 운동정서 검사와 자기효능감 검사를 실시하였다. 자료분석은 개인변인에 대한 빈도분석, 척도의 신뢰성 분석, 각 변인에 대한 평균과 표준편차, 독립표본 t-검증, 일원분산분석, 상관관계분석 및 단순회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다: (1) 개인변인에 따른 운동정서는 성별의 활력과 정화에서, 연령에서는 긍지, 활력과 성취에서, 배우자 유무에서는 재미, 긍지와 정화에서, 학력에서는 긍지, 활력, 정화 및 성취에 차이가 있었다. (2) 개인변인에 따른 자기효능감은 성별에서 대처효능감과 정서통제효능감이, 배우자 유무에서 과업효능감과 대처효능감이, 그리고 학력에서는 과업효능감과 대처효능감에 차이가 있었지만 연령에 따른 차이는 없었다. (3) 운동정서는 노인의 자기효능감에 유의한 영향을 미치고 전체 변량의 42.6%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise emotion on the self-efficacy in the elderly. Two hundred thirteen old adults were sample and administrated in a set of questionnaires(Exercise Emotion Scale and Self-Efficacy Scale). The statistical techniques of frequency analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and simple regression analysis using SPSS/PC+ were used to examine the three research problems in this study. The results of this study are as follows: First, in exercise emotion differences according to personal variables, there were significant differences by sex, age, spouse, and academic career level. Second, in self-efficacy according to personal varibles, there were siginificant differences in coping self-efficacy and emotion control self-efficacy by sex, in task self-efficacy and coping self-efficacy by spouse, and in coping self-efficacy and emotion control self-efficacy by academic career. Third, the scores of exercise emotion explained about 42.6% of the subfactors of self-efficacy scores.

운동참여자들의 운동심상, 자기효능감이 운동행동에 미치는 영향

최만식(Choi, Man-Sik),유정인(Yoo, Jung-In),박승순(Park, Seung-Soon) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.5

The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise imagery contributed to the prediction of exercise behaviors over and above self-efficacy. Exercisers(N=283) in two universities participated in a survey. The instruments for data collection were Exercise Imagery Inventory(Choi, 2011), Self-Efficacy Questionnaire(Kim, 1997), and Exercise Behavior Questionnaire(Godin et al., 1986). The data analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, MANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/PC+ 12.0. Results indicated that appearance/health, self-confidence, self-control, and self-confidence(efficacy) were important predictors of exercise behavior, and that three types of exercise imagery and self-control efficacy were significant predictors of behavioral intention. These results offer support for different functions of the different types of exercise imagery and efficacy. They also suggest that there is influence of exercise imagery and self-efficacy on behavioral intentions.

Comparison of American and Chinese College Students` Reasons for Exercise, Exercise Enjoyment and Self-Efficacy

( Zi Yan ),( Bonnie G. Berger ),( David A. Tobar ),( Bradley J. Cardinal ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2015 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.27 No.1

Background. People exercise for different reasons. Reasons for exercise may influence exercise behavior via influencing important psychological factors of habitual exercisers, exercise enjoyment, and self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to explore how different reasons for exercise are associated with exercise enjoyment and self-efficacy by males and females from differing cultural backgrounds. Method. Undergraduate students from a midwest university in the United States (males = 42, females = 171, age M = 21.68 years) and a national university in China (males = 64, and females = 149, age M = 21.47 years) participated in the study. Reasons for exercise, exercise enjoyment, and exercise self-efficacy were measured by questionnaire. Results. Individuals who exercised for non-appearance based reasons reported higher levels of exercise enjoyment compared to students who exercised for appearance based reasons, and this finding was irrespective of cultural background or gender. Women who exercised for mood alteration reasons reported higher self-efficacy compared to women who exercised for other reasons. In addition, gender and cultural differences were related to reasons for exercise and self-efficacy. Conclusion. Understanding exercise participants`` reasons for exercise and how these relate to their exercise enjoyment and self-efficacy may help to foster greater rates of physical activity participation.