장애학에 대한 재고찰

조한진 ( Han Jin Jo ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2011 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.12 No.4

These days disability studies has become the talk of the disability field in Korea. However, as for disability studies in Korea, many things seem to be still disorganized and confusing. This arises from the scarcity of literature on what disability studies actually is. Thus, this study provides an overview about disability studies. In its conclusion, the study provides the challenges faced by disability studies in addition to the significance of the application of disability studies to other disability-related studies.

특수교육에 적용된 장애학의 연구 경향 고찰: 2000~2010년 외국 논문들을 중심으로

강종구 ( Jong Gu Kang ),김건희 ( Keon Hee Kim ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2010 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.11 No.4

This study was to explore disability studies applied in special education that is a relatively new scholarship, and attempted to apply disability studies into South Korean special education. In order to do this study, we did literature review on foreign studies from four journals that mostly discuss disability studies and foreign articles that use disability study/ies as a title or a subject term. Literature review was conducted on 111 articles that was directly related to the education of students with disabilities. The articles reviewed were published between 2000 and 2010. The result of literature review shows that the studies on disability studies applied in special education were conducted not only from the United States but also from internationally including Europe. In addition, the studies on disability studies applied in special education discuss ten topics such as inclusive education, instruction strategies, assessment, educational environment, law and policy, family participation and family attitude, the trend of special education, the application of disability studies, attitudes on disability and transition. The studies on inclusion were the most frequently explored topic among ten topics.

특수교육학 및 장애(교육)학 관점에서 바라본 국내 특수교육 연구 현실

강종구 ( Kang Jong-gu ),김지연 ( Kim Jiyeon ) 대구대학교 한국특수교육문제연구소 2020 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.21 No.3

[Purpose] This study aimed to deal with special education through “special education” that focuses on the education of students with disabilities and “disability studies (in education)” that resist discrimination against disabilities and approach them in terms of diversity. [Method] This study analyzed the literature published in the last ten years (2010-2019) to explore the major characteristics and changes in special education and disability studies (in education). [Results] The main results are as follows. First, disability studies (in education) are more conducted than special education in the academic discussion of special education in South Korea. Second, only two or three studies are conducted in the area of special education each year, and the studies dealt with a disability in general, not a specific category of disability. Further, the researches mainly used a literature review as a research method. Third, researches in special education focused on a medical model that emphasizes segregation or education for disabled students. On the other, the researches in disability studies (in education) mainly discussed the social model but made the neruodivergent approach recently. [Conclusion] This study insisted that more academic approaches and studies dealing with various theories and subjects needed to be done in special education. Besides, the study argued that discussions on “disability studies (in education)” should be actively carried out, which focuses on the education of disabled students.

Exploring Disability Facilities’ Services for PWDs in Kenya: An In-depth Interview Study

신숙경 국제인문사회연구학회 2024 Studies on Humanities and Social Sciences (SHSC) Vol.6 No.2

Exploring Disability Facilities’ Services for PWDs in Kenya: An In-depth Interview Study Sukkyung Shin* Abstract: This study aims to investigate the range of community services offered by disability facilities for people with disabilities (PWDs) in Kenya and to identity key insights through interviews. In this qualitative study, the researcher used semi-structured in-depth interviews to collect data and selected participants through purposeful sampling with maximum variation. Data were collected through Individual Interviews were conducted with two practitioners employed at distinct disability facilities of Nairobi in Kenya. The implications obtained through the interviews in this study are as follow. First, the disability facilities in Kenya, as those in developing countries, emphasize a variety of community-based rehabilitation services. Second, there are many differences in disability services between regions. Third, practitioners who are involved in the disability facilities must have acquired disability-related service certification or completed related training. This paper finally presents limitations of the study. Key Words: Disability Services in Kenya, People with Disabilities in Kenya, Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR), Qualitative Method, In-depth Interview Study □ Received: Mar. 20, 2024, Revised: Apr. 22, 2024, Accepted: Apr. 28, 2024* Associate Professor, Jeonju Univ., Email: africarogo82@jj.ac.kr Exploring Disability Facilities’ Services for PWDs in Kenya: An In-depth Interview Study DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.62783/SHSS.6.2.42 Sukkyung Shin* Abstract: This study aims to investigate the range of community services offered by disability facilities for people with disabilities (PWDs) in Kenya and to identity key insights through interviews. In this qualitative study, the researcher used semi-structured in-depth interviews to collect data and selected participants through purposeful sampling with maximum variation. Data were collected through Individual Interviews were conducted with two practitioners employed at distinct disability facilities of Nairobi in Kenya. The implications obtained through the interviews in this study are as follow. First, the disability facilities in Kenya, as those in developing countries, emphasize a variety of community-based rehabilitation services. Second, there are many differences in disability services between regions. Third, practitioners who are involved in the disability facilities must have acquired disability-related service certification or completed related training. This paper finally presents limitations of the study. Key Words: Disability Services in Kenya, People with Disabilities in Kenya, Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR), Qualitative Method, In-depth Interview Study □ Received: Mar. 20, 2024, Revised: Apr. 22, 2024, Accepted: Apr. 28, 2024* Associate Professor, Jeonju Univ., Email: africarogo82@jj.ac.kr

장애학 관점으로 바라본 교통학 문헌의 비판적 고찰

김영돈(Kim, Young-Don),이미영(Lee, Mi-Young) 한국장애학회 2021 한국장애학 Vol.6 No.1

이동권은 누구나 누려야 할 권리이다. 장애학 뿐만 아니라 교통학에서도 장애인의 이동권을 다루고 있지만, 장애를 어떻게 바라보고 있는지 분석이 된 적은 없다. 본 연구는 교통학의 이동권과 관련된 교통학 문헌을 장애학적 관점에 의해 비판적으로 고찰하였다. 교통학은 사회적 모델 측면에서 장애인에게 필요한 교통환경 및 정책을 이끌어간다는 점에서 긍정적으로 볼 수 있다. 하지만 ‘상호작용으로서의 장애’라는 측면에서 장애는 신체적인 손상 또는 한계가 있는 존재로 나타난다. 사회적으로 억압을 받는 장애인의 모습은 설문조사 또는 교통 데이터를 통해 통계적으로 거시적으로 표현된다. 이러한 표현을 통해 장애인이 교통환경에서 어떤 영향을 받는지 보여줌으로써 교통환경과 상호작용하고 있는 모습을 보여준다. 그러나 실제 장애인이 경험하는 교통에 대해서 나타나 있지 않고 있다. 교통학의 장애학적 관점을 갖기 위해 첫째, 장애인의 이동권 경험에 대한 질적 연구를 해야 하며, 둘째, 교통약자에 대한 정의를 재정립할 필요가 있다. 이에 따라 교통학은 모든 사람의 이동 욕구를 충족시킬 수 있는 학문으로 나아가야 한다. Mobility rights is a right which everyone should have. Transportation studies as well as disability studies research mobility rights for the disabled. But, Transportation studies has not analyzed how the disabled are viewed. To research the disability view in transportation studies, The paper reviews criticaly the literature about the moblity rigths of the disabled in transportation studies. Transportation studies is positive by the social model which deals with transportation policies for the moblity rigths of the disabled. However, the disability means physical damage or limitation by seeing disablity as a complex interaction. The image of a socially oppressed disabled person is macrospoic and statistical through a survey or a transportation big data. It shows how people with disabilities are affected by the transportation environment and interacts with the transportation environment through the disability image. In practice, the transportation environment experienced by disabled people is not described in detail in the transportation studies. In order for transportation studies to have a disability perspective, it is first necessary to conduct qualitative research on the mobility experience of disabled people; secondly, to redefine the definition of vulnerable people in the transportation service. Therefore, Transportation stduies should changes them which can staify everyone’s needs to move.

Updating Korean Disability Weights for Causes of Disease: Adopting an Add-on Study Method

Dasom Im,Noor Afif Mahmudah,Seok-Jun Yoon,Young-Eun Kim,Don-Hyung Lee,Yeon-hee Kim,Yoon-Sun Jung,Minsu Ock The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2023 예방의학회지 Vol.56 No.4

Objectives: Disability weights require regular updates, as they are influenced by both diseases and societal perceptions. Consequently, it is necessary to develop an up-to-date list of the causes of diseases and establish a survey panel for estimating disability weights. Accordingly, this study was conducted to calculate, assess, modify, and validate disability weights suitable for Korea, accounting for its cultural and social characteristics. Methods: The 380 causes of disease used in the survey were derived from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network and from 2019 and 2020 Korean studies on disability weights for causes of disease. Disability weights were reanalyzed by integrating the findings of an earlier survey on disability weights in Korea with those of the additional survey conducted in this study. The responses were transformed into paired comparisons and analyzed using probit regression analysis. Coefficients for the causes of disease were converted into predicted probabilities, and disability weights in 2 models (model 1 and 2) were rescaled using a normal distribution and the natural logarithm, respectively. Results: The mean values for the 380 causes of disease in models 1 and 2 were 0.488 and 0.369, respectively. Both models exhibited the same order of disability weights. The disability weights for the 300 causes of disease present in both the current and 2019 studies demonstrated a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.994 (p=0.001 for both models). This study presents a detailed add-on approach for calculating disability weights. Conclusions: This method can be employed in other countries to obtain timely disability weight estimations.

Understanding and Educating Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from the Perspective of Disability Studies

김건희 한국유아특수교육학회 2016 유아특수교육연구 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was to come to an understanding of how to educate children with autism spectrum disorder from perspectives within disability studies. This paper first discusses the perspectives of disability studies, and then explains how to understand and educate children with autism spectrum disorder. Disability studies is about understanding disability in political, social and economic contexts. A basic principle of this field is that, in developing an understanding of disability, the voices of people with disabilities should be included. From the perspective of disability studies, difficulty in communicating with others should not be counted as a deficit, but instead should be seen as involving different ways of communicating, which should lead to a search for different modes of communication, not to force those with disabilities to adhere to set social norms or standards. Educating students with autism spectrum disorder should focus on providing appropriate environments for revealing children’s competencies for academic learning and engaging in social interaction and should emphasize self-determination, active participation, choices, and constructing the competences of children with autism spectrum disorder. Also, it is important to learn educational needs of children with autism spectrum disorder by understanding their experiences. The approach to educating students with autism spectrum disorder, from the perspective of disability studies, should be to provide appropriate accommodations in school and social contexts that facilitate full participation.

자기서사 보충을 통한 장애공감 통합수업 사례 연구

박성미,김혜미 한국독서치료학회 2024 독서치료연구 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 서사물인 영상동화와 장애이야기 그림책을 활용하여 비장애아동의 장애공감 반경을 넓히는 데 있다. 이를 위하여 복합장애를 갖고 있는 장애아동Ⓐ와 비장애아동 20명이 함께 하는 통합반 프로그램 <무지개 교실>을 설계하여 학교 밖 공간인 도서관에서 진행하였다. 저학년 9명⋅고학년 11명을 매주 1회, 매회기 2시간, 총 4회 각각 운영하였다. 회기별 1차시 <장애이해 단계>에서는 장애아동Ⓐ의 장애 특성과 장애편의시설⋅장애편의도구를 이해하도록, 2차시 <장애공감단계>에서는 읽고 쓰는 <이어쓰기>, <다시쓰기>, <장애이야기 만들기/구연하기> 활동을 활용하였다. 장애인식개선 양상 판단을 위하여 사전⋅사후 조사로 장애인식 그림 검사, 형용사 척도, 활동 선호 척도 검사를 진행하였다. 이때 장애모델을 적용하여 장애공감의 반경이 확대되었는지를 분석하였다. 중재 후, 정성평가인 장애인식 그림검사와 장애이야기 만들기를 통한 장애공감의 변화는 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 장애인식 그림에서 다수의 비장애 아동이 개별적 모델에서 사회적 모델로 변한 것을 발견하였는데, 이는 장애의 특성을 이해하고 부족했던 장애서사가 보충되었기에 가능했다. 타고난 공감의 초기 설정값이 낮다하더라도 공감의 학습과 훈련이 공감의 반경까지 확대하였다고 할 수 있다. 정량평가인 형용사 척도와 활동 선호 척도의 변화는 미미한 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 집단의 크기가 작고 실험집단의 부재로 결과를 분석하기엔 데이터가 부족했던 것으로 판단된다. 제한점은 있었지만, 부정적 인식의 변화가 쉽지 않은 만큼, 인생 초기에 갖는 장애에 대한 긍정적 인식의 중요성을 재확인하였다. 학교 밖 사회문화프로그램으로 장애인식 개선 프로그램의 확대와 장애통합으로 운영되는 다양한 프로그램의 기획을 기대해 본다. The purpose of this study is to expand non-disabled children's empathy for disabilities using narrative videos of fairy tales and picture books about disabilities. To this end, an integrated class program called <Rainbow Classroom> was designed for disabled children with multiple disabilitiesⒶ and 20 non-disabled children and was conducted in a library outside the school. It was conducted for nine lower- and 11 upper-grade students once a week, four times total, with each session lasting 2 hours. In the first session of each session, <Disability Understanding Stage>, students with disabilitiesⒶ are taught to understand disability characteristics, disability facilities, and disability convenience tools. In the second session, <Disability Empathy Stage>, reading and writing <Continuation>, <Rewriting>, and <Disability the Activity “Creating/Telling a Story”> were used. To determine the improvement in disability awareness, pre- and post-surveys were conducted using a disability awareness picture test, adjective scale, and activity preference scale test. At this time, the disability model was applied to analyze whether the radius of disability empathy had expanded. After the intervention, the changes in the adjective scale and activity preference scale, which were quantitative evaluations, were minimal; however, the changes in empathy for disabilities through the disability awareness picture test and creating disability stories, which were qualitative evaluations, were significant. In the disability awareness picture, it was discovered that many non-disabled children shifted from individual models to social models, and this was possible because they understood the characteristics of disability and supplemented the disability narrative that was lacking. Even if the initial setting’s value of innate empathy is low, it can be said that learning of and training on empathy has expanded its radius. Although there were limitations in the analysis of the results due to the small size of the group and the absence of an experimental group, the importance of positive perceptions early in life was reaffirmed as changing negative perceptions is not easy. We look forward to the expansion of disability awareness improvement programs in the form of social and cultural programs outside schools and the planning of various programs operated through disability integration.

정신장애인의 대안적 접근으로서 Mad Studies에 대한 탐색적 연구

송승연(Song, Seung Yeon) 비판과 대안을 위한 사회복지학회 2018 비판사회정책 Vol.- No.59

정신보건법이 1995년 제정되고, 20여년의 시간이 흘렀지만 정신장애인의 삶의 질은 정체된 상태에 머물러 있다. 이러한 문제의식에서 본 연구는 정신장애인 대안적 접근으로서 Mad Studies가 주는 함의를 도출하는 것에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 반정신의학 및 외국의 당사자운동을 전반적으로 조명해보고, Mad Studies와 관련된 세부내용을 살펴보았다. 그리고 Mad Studies를 통한 함의를 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 첫째, Mad Studies는 새로운 대안인 Mad와 관련이 있는 모든 것을 받아들이는 것에서부터 시작한다. 둘째, Mad Studies는 현재 지배적인 의료모델 중심의 정신건강체계에서 새로운 대안을 구축할 수 있다. 셋째, Mad Studies는 정신의료체계 내 용어를 당사자의 용어로 전환하는 ‘언어의 전복’을 시도한다. 넷째, Mad Studies는 정신장애차별주의 개념을 도입하여 현존하는 정신장애인의 억압을 드러내는 데 활용될 수 있다. 다섯째, 해결책을 모색하는 데에 있어서 당사자의 경험적 지식이 주체로 작용될 수 있다. 여섯째, Mad Studies는 외부적 표출을 통한 집단적 자기옹호활동 중시한다. 일곱째, Mad Studies는 정신장애인 억압에서 확장되어 신자유주의 가속화를 겨냥한다. 여덟째, Mad Studies는 정신장애인의 ‘증상’이 아닌 ‘권리’에 초점을 두는 관점의 전환을 통해 지역사회통합을 촉진하는 정책적 변화를 도모할 수 있다. The Mental Health Act was enacted in 1995, and over the past 20 years, the quality of life of the people with psychiatric disability has remained stagnant. In this critical mind, this study aims to derive the implications of Mad Studies as an alternative approach for the people with psychiatric disability. For this purpose, we reviewed the anti-psychiatry and foreign survivor movements in general, and examined the details related to Mad Studies. And the implications of Mad Studies are as follows. First, Mad Studies begins by accepting everything that is associated with the new alternative Mad. Second, Mad Studies can build new alternatives in the mental health system that is currently centered around the dominant medical model. Third, Mad Studies attempts to ‘overthrow the language’, which turning the terms in the psychiatric system into the terms of the survivor. Fourth, Mad Studies can be used to reveal the oppression of the existing in people with psychiatric disability by introducing the concept of sanism. Fifth, the experiential knowledge of the people with psychiatric disability may play as a subject in seeking solutions. Sixth, Mad Studies emphasizes the collective self-advocacy activities through external expression. Seventh, Mad Studies extends from the oppression of people with psychiatric disability to target accelerating neoliberalism. Eighth, Mad Studies can make a policy change that promotes community integration through a shift in the focus on ‘rights’ rather than ‘symptoms’ of people with psy-chiatric disabilities.

장애 영유아 통합교육 관련 중재 연구 동향 분석 -2000~2009년까지의 국내 실험연구를 중심으로-

원종례,김경희 한국유아특수교육학회 2010 유아특수교육연구 Vol.10 No.3

This study reviewed published research articles that assessed the outcomes of intervention for the inclusion of children with disabilities in Korea from 2000 to 2009. The purpose of the study was to examine trends in the articles and to present its implications on future research in the area. Focusing on 51 experimental studies, the researchers analyzed 1) general features(publication dates, journal names, intervention conductors, participants, settings), 2) intervention strategies, 3) goals, 4) research designs(reseach methods, data analysis methods, intervention duration, pre-and post-test, generalization, validity, and reliability), and 5) outcomes. The study found no research on this topic was published in 2000, while a high interest in the topic was demonstrated from 2001 to 2007. However, the number of publications dramatically decreased in 2008 and 2009. Most studies reported that the interventions were implemented by general education teachers who targeted both children with and without disabilities in private nursery schools. As an intervention strategy, structured play-based-intervention was most often used. A number of studies aimed to develop the social skills of children with disabilities or increase disability awareness of children without disabilities. It was demonstrated that single subject design and group research design that use t-tests and visual graphs were utilized in most studies as a research method. The duration of intervention was conducted generally during 1-2 months, each intervention lasts approximately 20 minutes. Although the results of the studies reported the positive effects of the intervention, 28 studies investigated maintenance of the effects, and 13 studies examined its generalized intervention effects. 9 studies tested for intervention adherence, and social validity was reported in 5 studies. The researchers discussed what implications this review study might provide for the future research. 본 연구는 최근 10년간(2000년-2009년) 국내 유아특수교육과 유아교육 관련 전문학술지에 등재된 장애 영유아의 통합교육 관련 실험연구논문들을 분석함으로써 우리나라의 장애 영유아 통합교육 중재 연구의 동향을 파악하여 앞으로의 연구 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 ‘장애 영유아 통합교육 관련 중재’로 선정된 실험논문 51편을 1) 일반적인 특성(연도 및 학술지, 중재자, 중재대상자, 중재장소), 2) 중재전략, 3) 중재목표, 4) 실험설계 상 특성(실험설계방법, 중재결과 분석방법, 중재기간 및 중재 회기 당 시간, 유지/추후검사, 일반화, 신뢰도, 중재 충실도, 사회적 타당도), 5) 중재효과 등으로 분석하였다. 분석결과, 발표연도와 학술지 분석에서는 2000년에는 연구가 전혀 이루어지지 않다가 2001년을 시작으로 2006, 20007년에 여러 학술지에서 활발하게 이루어졌고 최근 2년에는 연구의 수가 급격히 감소되었다. 중재는 대부분 학급담임인 일반교사가 장애 유아와 일반 유아를 함께 대상으로 하여 주로 어린이집에서 이루어졌다. 중재전략은 구조화된 놀이활동을 중심으로 장애 유아의 사회성과 일반 유아의 인식 및 태도 등을 중재목표로 하였고, 실험설계방법은 단일대상연구방법과 집단실험설계 방법을 주로 사용하여 시각적 그래프와 t검증으로 분석하였고, 중재기간은 주로 1개월에서 2개월 사이이며, 중재 회기 당 시간은 20분 이내에서 이루어졌다. 유지는 28편, 일반화는 13편, 신뢰도는 31편, 중재충실도는 9편, 사회적 타당도는 5편의 연구에서 그 과정이 제시되었다. 중재 효과는 부분 효과를 검증한 2편 논문을 포함해 모든 논문에서 검증되었고, 유지효과는 28편에서 검증되었고, 일반화 효과는 미약한 효과를 보고한 1편의 논문을 포함하여 15편에서 효과가 검증되었다. 이러한 연구 결과에 근거하여 앞으로의 장애 영유아 통합교육 중재 연구의 방향을 논의하였다.