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영유아 자녀를 둔 맞벌이가정 아버지와 어머니의 자녀돌봄시간과 시간사용 인식 및 만족도
김유경 한국가족자원경영학회 2024 가족자원경영과 정책 Vol.28 No.2
본 연구는 영유아 자녀를 둔 맞벌이 가정 아버지와 어머니의 자녀돌봄 실태를 돌봄유형별 자녀돌봄에 사용한 시간과 시간사용 관련 인식을 중심으로 비교하여 살펴보았다. 2019 통계청 생활시간조사 자료 중 영유아 자녀를 둔 아버지와 어머니의 근무일의 시간일지 444부를 분석한 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영유아 자녀를 둔 맞벌이 가정 부모의 근무일의 전체 자녀돌봄 시간은 평균 72.1분이며, 발달돌봄보다 필수돌봄에 좀 더 많은 시간을 사용하고 있었다. 둘째, 맞벌이 가정 아버지의 근무일의 자녀돌봄시간은 40.8분, 어머니의 자녀돌봄시간은 110.3분으로 크게 차이 났다. 돌봄유형별로도 어머니의 돌봄시간이 아버지의 돌봄시간보다 필수돌봄, 발달 돌봄 각각 3배, 2배 정도로 더 많았다. 셋째, 가구소득 집단별로 어머니의 근무일 필수돌봄 시간에 차이가 있었으며, 아버지와 어머니 모두 주당 근로시간이 많은 집단과 적은 집단 간에 필수돌봄 시간에 차이가 있었다. 넷째, 영유아 자녀를 둔 맞벌이 가정 아버지와 어머니는 피로감과 시간부족감을 다소 느끼고 있으며, 가사분담 만족도는 어머니의 만족도가 아버지에 비해 낮았다. 아버지들의 자발적 참여를 이끌어낼 수 있도록 부모로서의 공동 책임을 강조하는 ʻ공동육아ʼ 개념을 반영한 부모교육이 필요하며, 맞벌이 가정 아버지와 어머니의 부모로서의 권리를 보장한다는 측면에서 부모의 돌봄을 지원하는 제도의 확대와 가족친화적 직장문화의 확산이 요구된다. The purpose of this study is to compare the child care time, as well as the perceptions of and satisfaction with the time use, of fathers and mothers in dual-income families with preschool children. 444 time use data were gathered from the Statistics Korea Life Time Surveys in 2019. The results of this study are as follows. First, the total child care time of the two parents per family on a working day was 72.1 min on average, and more time was spent on primary care than on developmental care. Second, the fatherʼs child care time on a working day was 40.8 min on average, and the motherʼs time, almost three times more—110.3 min, which show a significant difference. By type of care, the motherʼs care time was about three times more than that of father for primary care, and about two times more for developmental care. Third, the motherʼs primary care time differed by household income level, and the primary care time of both fathers and mothers differed according to the number of their working hours weekly. Fourth, both fathers and mothers felt somewhat tired and had a time deficit, but mothers were less satisfied than fathers with the division of household tasks between them. To encourage fathers' voluntary participation in child care, they must be informed of their joint responsibility with their spouse as parents must be emphasized under the term ʻʻco-parenting.ʼʼ It is necessary to expand systems that support parental care and promote a family-friendly culture in workplaces to guarantee the rights of parents.
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평일 맞벌이 부부의 근로시간 및 가사노동시간, 시간부족감이 부부 중심 가족식사시간에 미치는 영향
김진원 ( Kim Jinwon ) 한국가족관계학회 2019 한국가족관계학회지 Vol.23 No.4
Objective: This study aimed at examining the pathway for family mealtime as a sharing time with a couple. Concretely, it is the effects of working hours, housework time, and subjective time pressure on family mealtime for dual-income couples in weekday. Method: The analysis data of this study are Time Use Survey 2014 of Statistics Korea. The study sample consisted of 2,111 cases through matching husbands and wives. The analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, and structural equation modeling. Results: Major findings were as follows: First, when it comes to family mealtime during weekday, husbands’ working hours and subjective time pressure were negative association. In addition, husbands' working hours were related to family mealtime via subjective time pressure as mediator. Second, in contrast to husbands, wives' working hours and subjective subjective time pressure were not significantly related with time for family meal. subjective time pressure were not significantly related with time for family meal. Third, housework time excluding the domain of food for husbands was positively related to family mealtime. Meanwhile, in case of wives, housework time excluding the domain of food was negatively concerned with family mealtime. Fourth, housework time of the domain of food for wives was positively associated with family mealtime. Conclusions: Major results implied that there is the difference between husbands and wives in the pathway from working hours and housework time to family mealtime mediated by subjective time pressure in dual-income families during weekday.
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초등학교 고학년의 방과 후 시간사용과 시간부족감: 2009, 2019년 생활시간조사 비교
박정민,진미정 한국인간발달학회 2022 人間發達硏究 Vol.29 No.4
Elementary school students freely plan their own schedule during after-school time. Perceived time poverty varies depending on the way they compose the same hours. This study compares the time use of upper elementary students in 2009 and 2019 and examines the difference in time poverty according to the type of after-school time use. Time Use Survey was administered on 432 (2009) and 521 (2019) upper elementary school students and they were classified according to factors of “personal maintenance,” “learning,” “social activities,” “leisure,” and “moving” using latent profile analysis. Compared with 2009, personal maintenance and leisure increased, whereas learning and leisure decreased in 2019. After-school time use was classified into four and two types in 2009 and 2019, respectively. In 2009, after-school time was classified as “learning” (56.6%), “leisure” (25.4%), “social activities” (3.7%), and “learning-focused even time distribution” (14.3%). In 2019, only “learning” (71.5%) and “leisure” (28.5%), were present. In 2009, less time poverty was perceived for both “leisure” and “learning-focused even time distribution” than “learning,” In 2019, time poverty was perceived for “leisure” than “learning.” By comparing 2009 and 2019, this study emphasizes the need to consider the time poverty of children and to increase the proportion of leisure in after-school care policy in South Korea.
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