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탈염소화 미생물 부착 혐기성 고정막 반응기에 의한 테트라클로로에틸렌(PCE)의 분해
이태호,Lee Tae Ho 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004 지하수토양환경 Vol.9 No.3
A soil enrichment LYF-1 culture from a contaminated site, which could reductively dechlorinate 900 $\mu$M (ca. 150 mg/L) of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) stoichimetrically into cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-DCE), was established and characterized. The enrichment culture can use yeast extract, peptone, formate, acetate, lactate, pyruvate, citrate, succinate, glucose, sucrose, and ethanol as electron donors for dechlorination of PCE. Addition of NO$_2$$^{[-10]}$ and NO$_3$$^{[-10]}$ as alternative electron acceptors showed complete inhibition of PCE dechlorination, but S$_2$O$_3$$^{-2}$ , SO$_3$$^{-2}$ and SO$_4$$^{-2}$ had no significant effect on PCE dechlorination. The enrichment culture was attached to ceramic media in an anaerobic fixed-bed reactor. The fixed-bed reactor showed more than 99% of PCE degradation in the range of PCE loading rate of 0.13-0.78 $\mu$moles/L/hr. The major end product of PCE dechlorination was cis-DCE. 염화에틸렌 화합물에 오염된 토양으로부터 고농도 (150mg/L)의 PCE를 cis-DCE까지 탈염소화하는 혼합미생물 농화 배양계 LYF-1을 구축하였다. LYF-1은 효모추출물, 펩톤, 포름산, 아세트산, 락트산, 피루브산, 시트르산, 석신산, 글루코오스, 수크로오스, 에탄올 등을 전자공여체로 이용하여 PCE를 탈염소화할 수 있었다. 한편, PCE를 대신할 수 있는 전자 수용체에 의한 PCE 탈염소화에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, NO$_3$$^{-}$와 NO$_2$$^{-}$는 PCE의 탈염소화반응을 완전히 저해하였으나, S$_2$O$_3$$^{-2}$ , SO$_3$$^{-2}$ 및 SO$_4$$^{-2}$ 는 PCE의 탈염소화반응에 그다지 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. LYF-1 혼합미생물을 혐기성 고정생물막 반응기내의 세라믹 메디아에 부착하고, PCE의 유입부하율 변화에 따른 처리 효율을 조사한 결과, PCE의 부하율 0.13-0.78 $\mu$moles/L/hr의 범위 내에서 99% 이상의 PCE 탈염소화 효율을 보였으며, PCE 탈염소화 반응의 최종산물은 cis-DCE이었다.
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김병찬,김혜진,김지은,박은주,노지선,강현정,신승호,조완근 한국청정기술학회 2013 청정기술 Vol.19 No.2
In this study, polyaniline (PANI)-based TiO2 (PANI-TiO2) composites calcined at different temperatures were prepared and their applications for control of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (TTCE) at indoor air levels were investigated. For these target compounds, the photocatalytic control efficiencies of PANI-TiO2 composites did not exhibit any trend with varying calcination temperatures (CTs). Rather, the average control efficiencies of PANI-TiO2 composites over 3-h photocatalytic process increased from 61 to 72% and from 21 to 39% for TCE and TTCE, respectively, as the CT increased from 350 to 450 ℃. However, for both the target compounds, the average control efficiencies of PANI-TiO2 composites decreased gradually as the CT increased further to 550 and 650 ℃. These results were ascribed to contents of anatase crystal phase and specific surface area of different particle sizes in the PANI-TiO2 composites, which were demonstrated by the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy images, respectively. At the lowest input concentration (IC, 0.1 ppm), average control efficiencies of TCE and TTCE were 72 and 39%, respectively, whereas at the highest IC (1.0 ppm) they were 52 and 18%, respectively. As stream flow rate increased from 0.1 to 1.0 L min-1, the average control efficiencies of TCE and TTCE decreased from ca. 100 to 47% and ca. 100 to 18%, respectively. In addition, the average control efficiencies of TCE and TTCE decreased from ca. 100 to 23% and ca. 100 to 8%, respectively as the relative humidity increased from 20 to 95%. Overall, these findings indicated that as-prepared PANI-TiO2 composites could be used efficiently for control of chlorinated compounds at indoor air levels, if operational conditions were optimized.
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