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황병하 ( Byung Ha Hwang ) 한국이슬람학회 2013 한국이슬람학회논총 Vol.23 No.3
This paper is intended to research the change of political power structure in Egypt after the Arab Spring. The political power structure of Egypt has changed two times after the Arab Spring. After the Arab Spring, Islamist Mursy was elected as President of Egypt through a democratic election. During his first year in office, Mursy was regarded as doing little to tackle economic and social problems. He was ousted by the military in July 2013. It was a coup. After coup, Egypt was in turmoil, and polarized politically,religiously, and socially. In chapter Ⅱ, this paper analyzed the current situation of Egypt. A democratically elected president has been removed by the military. In chapter Ⅲ, the relationship between Mursy and the military in the first year of Mursy and MB``s response after coup were described. In chapter Ⅳ, the change of political power structure in Egypt after the Arab Spring was presented. The power structure after military coup is expected as same as the power structure of Mubarak. In chapter Ⅴ, the pivotal factors(America, the military, MB) influencing the political power structure of Egypt and their roles were presented. The most urgently needed thing in Egypt are reconciliation and democracy.
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황병하 ( Hwang Byung-ha ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 2016 중동연구 Vol.35 No.2
This paper is designed to research on the radicalism in Tunisia after Arab Spring. While Tunisia is the only Arab country to undergo a successful democratic transition as of 2015, it also has witnessed a growing radical Jihadi-Salafism movement since January 2011. Five years after Arab Spring, Tunisia continues its transition toward democracy and has established a political dialogue to overcome its fragile new political system and its inability to respond to the economic and social needs of Tunisians. The ruling party Nidaa Tounes will face with the continuing power struggle between Islamists and secularists, if not solving political instability, economic and social injustice, and religious unbalance and conflicts. Tunisia`s radicalism has come from Ben Ali`s political repression, Jihadi-Salafi movement, Ennahda party and IS propaganda. The fall of regime created a vacuum that allowed radical groups to preach their ideas and recruit new youth members. Ennahda focused on political struggles and has not solved a healthy balance between politics and religion. The socioeconomic instability has worsened since 2011, and has created new social polarization. So to protect Tunisa`s violent radicalization and take its democratic transition forward, the Tunisan government has to solve Tunisian youth`s economic frustration and unemployment, strengthen political inclusion of the Jihadi-Salafi movement, allow all nonviolent religious actors to have their own voices, separate religious and political activities for creating balance between Islamism and Secularism, and coordinate for implementing de-radicalization policies and system.
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