식물체 정유를 이용한 훈증제 개발

박일권,김성웅,전윤미,이효림,고상현,정영진 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

식물체정유란 식물체에 함유된 휘발성분을 증기증류를 이용하여 추출한 액상 형태의 추출물로 살충, 살균, 항세균, 살선충 등 다양한 활성들이 보고되어 있다. 특 히 최근 메틸브로마이드 등 가스형태의 훈증제들이 가지고 있는 독성 등 여러 가지 부작용 때문에 식물체정유들이 가지고 있는 살충, 살균,항세균 활성들이 관심을 받 고 있다. 식물체정유에는 다양한 화합물들이 함유되어 있는데(cynohydrins, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, sulphur compounds, thiocyanates 등) 이들 화 합물들은 단독 혹은 협력하여 다양한 활성들을 보인다. 이들 식물체 정유 혹은 정유 유래 화합물들은 발육단계별로도 다양한 활성에 차이를 보이며 농약에 저항성인 계체에 대해서도 활성을 나타낸다. 그리고 식물체정유는 이산화탄소나 ethyl formate 등과 혼합하였을 때 훨씬 좋은 활성을 나타낸다는 보고가 있다. 식물체정 유 성분들의 살충 혹은 살균 활성을 나타내는 기작에 대한 연구는 일부 수행이 되었 으나 현재까지 정확한 기작은 알려진 것이 별로 없는 실정이다. 본 발표에서는 식물 체정유 및 정유성분들의 살충, 살균, 항세균 등 다양한 활성을 알아보고 앞으로 식 물체정유를 이용한 병해충 방제제의 전망을 알아보고자 한다.

유전체장벽 방전구조의 비접촉식 저온 대기압 면방전 플라즈마를 이용한 빵곰팡이의 살균효과

유영효,엄환섭,박경순,최은하,Ryu, Young Hyo,Uhm, Han Sup,Park, Gyung Soon,Choi, Eun Ha 한국진공학회 2013 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.22 No.2

본 연구에서는, 동시에 넓은 면적을 조사할 수 있는 형태의 유전체 장벽 방전을 이용한 대기압 면방전 플라즈마 발생장치를 이용하여 곰팡이의 살균 실험을 수행하였다. 실험에 사용한 면방전 플라즈마 발생장치의 파워는 사인파 교류전원을 이용하였으며, 1.4~2.3 kV의 방전전압을 가진다. 또한, 유전체 전기용량의 특성으로 인하여 전압과 전류의 위상차는 약 80도를 갖는다. 생물시료에 미치는 온도의 영향은 공랭식 쿨러를 사용하여 유전체의 열을 배출함으로써 최소화 하였으며, 시료의 온도는 온도측정장치를 사용하여 쿨러(Cooler) 작동 시 최대 10분간 플라즈마를 발생시켜도 37도가 넘지 않음을 확인하였다. 플라즈마에서 생성되는 활성종중 오존($O_3$)의 양은 플라즈마 발생부로부터 1 cm 이내에서 약 25~30 ppm이 측정되었으며, 150 cm 떨어진 지점에서도 5 ppm 정도 측정되었다. 그에 비해 일산화질소(NO)나 이산화질소($NO_2$)는 거의 검지되지 않음을 확인하였다. 증류수 속에 담긴 빵 곰팡이 포자를 면방전 플라즈마 발생장치로 처리하였을 때, 포자의 발아율은 처리시간 및 출력파워가 증가함에 따라 급격히 감소하였으며, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethy lthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) 측정법을 통해 분석한 미토콘드리아 활성도도 처리시간과 출력파워에 비례하여 감소함을 보았다. 반면 포자를 Vogel's minimal 배양액에 넣고 플라즈마 처리를 하면, 앞의 실험과 달리 살균효과가 미비함을 보였는데, 이를 통해 포자를 둘러싸고 있는 환경이 플라즈마의 살균효과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보여진다. 본 연구를 통하여 유전체 장벽을 이용한 면방전 플라즈마 발생장치는 플라즈마 제트(jet)와는 달리 직접적인 접촉 없이도 미생물 살균이 가능하다는 것을 보여주었으며, 이는 면방전 플라즈마 발생장치로부터 발생하는 활성종들이 곰팡이와 같은 미생물의 비활성화에 주요역할을 하기 때문이라고 본다. Sterilization of Neurospora crassa has been investigated in this research by using a surface air plasma with dielectric barrier discharged (DBD) structure under atmospheric pressure. The sinusoidal alternating current has been used in this experiment with discharge voltage of 1.4~2.3 kV. The phase difference between the voltage and current signals are found to be almost 80 degree due to the capacitive property of dielectric barrier. Temperature on the biomaterials has been minimized by radiating the heat with the air cooling system. It is noted that the substrate temperature remains under 37 degree for plasma exposure time of 10 minutes with operation of cooler system. It is found that the ozone, $O_3$, has been measured to be about 25~30 ppm within 1 cm region and to be about 5 ppm at the 150 cm downstream region away from the suface plasma. It is also noted that the nitric oxide, NO, and nitric dioxide, $NO_2$, are not nearly detected. Germination rate and mitochodrial activity of Neurospora crassa immersed in the deionized water have been found to be drastically decreased as the plasma treatment time and its electrical power are increased in this experiment. Here, the mitochondrial activity has been analyzed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethy lthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. However, sterilization of Neurospora crassa immersed in the Vogel's minimal media has been found to be low by plasma treatment, which is caused by surrounding background solution. This research shows the sterilization possibility of Neurospora crassa by using the noncontated surface DBD plasma, which is different from the plasma jet. This is mainly attibuted to the reactive species generated by the surface plasma, since they play a major role for inhibition of micobes such as Neurospora crassa.

초활성점토광물 분말의 특성과 미생물 증식에 미치는 영향

이두환,김태종 한국자연치유학회 2015 Journal of Naturopathy Vol.4 No.2

비접촉식 자외선 광반응조를 이용한 하수 대장균의 살균과 Log 불활성화율 지표

김성홍,김경면,김광일,최재완 대한상하수도학회 2016 상하수도학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Disinfection of microorganisms using UV light is widely used in the field of water supply and wastewater treatment plant, In spite of high germicidal effect and relatively clean by-product, UV disinfection has fundamental defeat that is accumulation of fouling materials at the interface of water and lamp sleeve. Non-contact type of UV photoreactor which can avoid this fouling generation was developed and the experimental performance evaluation of the system was carried out in this study. Log inactivation rate of E. coli was selected as a disinfection index. The concentration of E. coli of second clarifier effluent was 8.2×101 - 8.2×103 colony per mL and was well inactivated by the non-contact type of UV photoreactor. Under the UV intensity condition of 2.1 - 2.5mW/cm2, E. coli removal rate was observed in the range of 54 - 95% when the HRT was increased from 10 to 52 seconds. Experimental results showed that log inactivation of E. coli was proportional to UV dosage and 200mJ/cm2 of UV dose is expected for the 2.0 log inactivation of E. coli from the second clarifier effluent. Between the two parameters of UV intensity and contact time which are consist of UV dose, UV intensity was 4 times more effective than contact time.s

다양한 살균제의 배추 뿌리혹병 방제효과

장경수(Kyoung Soo Jang),김진철(Jin-Cheol Kim),임희경(He-Kyoung Lim),조광연(Kwang Yun Cho),최경자(Gyung Ja Choi) 한국농약과학회 2005 농약과학회지 Vol.9 No.4

In vivo antifungal activity of 44 fungicides consisting of 3 clubroot fungicides, 7 Oomycetes fungicides, 7 botriticides, 7 blasticides, 9 sterol biosynthesis inhibitors, and 11 broad spectrum fungicides were investigated against Plasmodiophora brassicae, the causal agent of clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage. When fluazinam, flusulfamide and cyazofamid, commercial fungicide to control clubroot of Chinese cabbage in Korea, were applied to infested soil, club formations by P. brassicae were strongly inhibited at pot (35 cm2) per 0.63 ㎎. Ethaboxam and cymoxanil, Oomycetes fungicides, completely controlled Chinese cabbage clubroot at 5 ㎎/pot, but cymoxanil represented sever phytotoxicity. Besides, dichlofluanid and procymidone of botriticides effectively controlled the development of Chinese cabbage clubroot at 2.5 ㎎/pot. Chlorothalonil, quintozene and trichlamide, broad spectrum fungicides, showed disease-control efficacy of 85%, 100% and 100% at 2.5 ㎎/pot, respectively. Most of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors displayed the strong antifungal activity against P. brassicae on cabbage seedlings and plant growth -retarding activity. From these results, 7 fungicides were selected and further tested in vivo antifungal activity against P. brassicae in glasshouse. Among them, ethaboxam showed the most antifungal activity against P. brassicae on cabbage seedlings, followed by fenarimol, procymidone, nuarimol and chlorothalonil.

표면 살균을 위한 UV 기술의 적용

조민(Min Cho),정우동(Woo Dong Jeong),윤제용(Je Yong Yoon) 大韓環境工學會 2007 대한환경공학회지 Vol.29 No.9

전 세계적으로 병원성 미생물에 의한 오염과 감염 및 발병의 사례가 급증함에 따라 병원성 미생물을 효율적으로 제어하는 기술에 대한 관심이 매우 증가하고 있다. 병원성 미생물을 환경에서 제어하는 연구는 대다수 수처리 공정과 같이 물에서 이루어지는 소독과 관련되어 진행되어 왔고, 표면에서의 소독에 관련된 연구는 매우 부족하였다. 본 연구는 UV 소독 방법을 표면에 분포된 미생물의 불활성화에 대해서 적용하여 살펴보았고, 소독 모델을 통해서 정량화하였다. 특히, 생물테러용 무기로 잘알려진 탄저균(Bacillus anthracis)의 지표 미생물인 바실러스 포자(Bacillus subtilis spore)에 대해서 UV를 이용한 표면 소독시 매우 빠른 불활성화를 볼 수 있었으며, 2 log(99%) 불활성화를 위한 IT 값은 14.5 mJ/cm2으로 나타났다. UV에 의한 미생물 불활성화는 화학적 소독제의 경우와 달리 온도에 의한 영향은 나타나지 않았으나, 표면 거칠기(surface roughness)에 의한 뚜렷한 tailing off 현상이 나타났다. The control of pathogenic microorganisms is important issue in human environments, especially in surface area. However, surface disinfection has not been fully researched. In this study, the surface disinfection under UV irradiation was performed to investigate the quantitative kinetics for Bacillus subtilis spore inactivation in several experimental conditions, such as light intensity, temperature and surface roughness. This study reports that UV light would apparently inactivates the microorganisms and the required IT value for 2 log (99%) Bacillus subtilis spore inactivation was found to be 14.5 mJ/cm2 in plain surface, as predicted by the Delayed Chick-Watson model. When UV was irradiated, there were no significant temperature effects. However, the experimental result shows that the more increased IT values are required at larger surface roughness.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Studies of New Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) of 2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-N'-(2,5-dihydroxybenzylidene)acetohydrazide

El-Tabl, Abdou S.,Shakdofa, Mohamad M.E.,El-Seidy, Ahmed M.A.,Al-Hakimi, Ahmed N. Korean Chemical Society 2011 대한화학회지 Vol.55 No.1

2-(Benzothiazol-2-yl)-N'-(2,5-dihydroxybenzylidene)acetohydrazide 에대한새로운일련의 Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II) 및 Zn(II) 착물을 합성하여 그 특성을 원소분석, IR, UV-vis, $^1H$-NMR, 질량분석, ESR, 자기수자율 및 몰 전기전도도 측정에 의하여 조사하였다. 이들 착물의 기하구조가 사각평면 또는 팔면체임을 분광학적 데이터 및 자기적 측정으로부터 알았다. 이 리간드와 해당착물의 세균에(Aspergillus nigar 및 Fusarium oxysporium) 대한생물학적활성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 금속착물들은 리간드 및 금속이온 모두에 비해 더 큰 활성을 나타내었다. New series of Mn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) of the 2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-N'-(2,5-dihydroxybenzylidene) acetohydrazide have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-vis, $^1H$-NMR, mass and ESR spectra, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductivity measurements. The spectral data and magnetic measurements of the complexes indicate that, the geometries are either square planar or octahedral. The biological activity of the ligand and its complexes against fungi (Aspergillus nigar and Fusarium oxysporium) were investigated. The metal complexes exhibited higher activity than both the parent ligand and the corresponding metal ion.

합성된 살균성 계면활성제의 살균성에 대한 연구

이상태,정관용,최상원,오남희,방정환,김정우 여수대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.14 No.2

For obtaining of disinfectant surfactant from amino acid mixtures, we treated the butchery wastes which contain much protein by sodium hydroxide hydrolyzing method. The composition and concentration of amino acid mixture were anaslyzed by high perfomance liquid chromatography. The disinfectant agent with Tetrammine copper(Ⅱ) sulfate monohydrate [Cu(NH₃)₄²+]SO₄·H₂O was synthesized by using amino acid. The sterilizing power of the new synthesized disinfectant agent (diammine aminato copper(Ⅱ) complexes) was compared with formaline(CH₂O) and different type copper complex(ET),which is used generally. The sterilizing effect to Edwardsilla sp, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus spp, Staphyloccus aureus. Pseudomonas anguilliseptica. Edwardsilla tarda, showed that the new synthesized disinfectants were better than others. The testing of ecological safety effect was applied to toxicity of Rotifer, Altimia and gold fish. The toxic result indicated of the new synthesized disinfectant agent is excellent safe in ecological field.

고추 탄저병균에 대한 13종 살균제의 살균 활성

최용호(Yong Ho Choi),김흥태(Heung Tae Kim),김진철(Jin-Cheol Kim),장경수(Kyoung Soo Jang),조광연(Kwang Yun Cho),최경자(Gyung Ja Choi) 한국농약과학회 2006 농약과학회지 Vol.10 No.1

For the effective control of pepper anthracnose, in vitro antifungal activities of 13 commercial fungicides were tested on spore germination, mycelial growth, and sporulation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, anthracnose fungus. Among them, captan, chlorothalonil, dithianon, fluazinam, and folpet completely inhibited the spore germination of C. gloeosporioides at the concentration of 0.8 ㎍/㎖. They were followed by mancozeb and propineb, showing more than 80% inhibition of spore germination at 20 ㎍/㎖. The mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides was strongly inhibited by fluazinam and nuarimol. Except for nuarimol, most of the fungicides represented more antifungal activity on the spore germination than the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides. Azoxystrobin and metominostrobin, Strobilurin fungicides, were only moderately active against the spore germination and the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides, but they were effective antisporulant against C. gloeosporioides. From these results, control of pepper anthracnose will have achieved by preventive spray of the commercial fungicides.

식물오일과 그 성분들의 살균활성

최원식(Won-sik Choi),김관영(Kwan-Young Kim),장도연(Do-Yeon Jang),엄대용(Dae-Yong Um),김태준(Tae-Jun Kim),정봉진(Bong-Jin Jung) 한국농약과학회 2006 농약과학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Antifungal activities of 43 different plant oils were evaluated against different phytopathogenic fungi. Thyme oil showed highest antifungal activity among the tested oils. The major of thyme oil were found to be thymol, carvacrol, borneol, p-cymene and linalool. Thymol and carvacrol were found to be responsible for thyme's antifungal activity. The spore germination assay was conducted on Alternaria mail and Botrytis cinerea. Thymol and carvacrol strongly inhibited spore germination in the fungi test. In addition, thymol and carvacrol showed a curative effectiveness to gray mold disease on cucumber crop. The antifungal activities of alkylphenol and alkylaniline compounds, which has similar molecular structure to that of thymol or cavacrol, were also tested. It was found that alkylphenol compounds also show higher inhibition to spore germination. Thus, thymol, carvacrol and alkylphenol compounds can be used an potent antifungal agents.