고령신씨 서예의 형성과 전승 : 신공제를 중심으로

손한빈 한국서예학회 2024 서예학연구 Vol.44 No.-

This paper aims to elucidate the formation and transmission of calligraphy within the Goryeong Shin Family, with a focus on Shin Gong-je as the central figure. It explores the specific content and influence of academic pursuits and calligraphy among previous generations, as well as the process and significance of their transmission to subsequent generations. In the social context of the Joseon Dynasty, where communal consciousness within clans and social recognition were paramount, maintaining academic traditions and transmitting them to posterity through means such as legal text compilations were vital tasks for enhancing the family's status and reputation, as well as for practicing Confucian filial piety. These actions served as significant driving forces, leading to the diverse development of Joseon calligraphy culture. The Goryeong Shin Family, as one of the families engaged in calligraphy activities, demonstrates a clear lineage and influence, supported by numerous records regarding the transmission and impact of their calligraphy. The lineage and academic pursuits of the Goryeong Shin Family began with Shin Deok-rin and continued through his son, Shin Po-si, and grandson, Shin Jang. These individuals were proficient in calligraphy, with both Shin Deok-rin and Shin Jang having their calligraphy documented in historical records. Their lineage naturally transitioned to Shin Suk-ju and Shin Mal-ju, who displayed similarities or even greater maturity in their calligraphy compared to their predecessors. Furthermore, Shin Suk-ju's transmission of Shin Jang's calligraphy to his son marked the evolution of the lineage into a complete academic tradition. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted on Shin Gong-je's calligraphy and the compilation of the "Haedong Myeongjeok". Like his predecessors, Shin Gong-je learned and respected the calligraphy traditions of previous generations, compiling the "Haedong Myeongjeok" to perpetuate the Goryeong Shin Family's calligraphy and honor the calligraphic achievements of his ancestors. Following him, figures such as Shin Jam, Shin Dam, Shin Heop, Shin Geuk-cheong, Shin Sok, and Shin Il-cheong continued calligraphy activities, maintaining the lineage and academic pursuits. Through records of previous generations' calligraphy learning, the specific content and significance were confirmed. Finally, it is emphasized that research addressing gaps or approaching the essence and development of Joseon calligraphy culture from the perspectives of academic pursuits and transmission should continue persistently.

靈川子 申潛의 삶과 詩世界 - 幽人의 삶과 意識 變化 樣相을 중심으로

이재숙(Lee Jae Sook) 동양한문학회(구 부산한문학회) 2006 동양한문학연구 Vol.23 No.-

  본고는 靈川子 申潛(1491~1554)의 삶과 시세계를 새 자료 『高靈世稿』續編을 통해 살펴보았다. 靈川子는 조선 중기의 詩書畵 三絶로서 자는 元亮, 호는 靈川子 또는 峨嵯山人으로 叔舟의 증손자이며 從濩의 아들이다. 1519년 중종 14년에 조광조가 실시한 현량과에 급제하였으나 己卯士禍로 인해 파방되었고 그 후 辛巳誣獄으로 전라도 장흥에 유배된 후 17년간 귀양살이를 하고 나서 서울 아차산에 은거하였다. 거의 평생을 벼슬 없이 지내다가 53세에 泰仁縣監ㆍ杆城縣 牧使ㆍ尙州牧使 등 초라한 벼슬을 지냈으며, 申澍ㆍ申從濩ㆍ申沆 등 고령신씨 삼대의 문집 『高靈世稿』을 편찬하였다. 그는 高靈申家 문벌의 자제였으나, 16세기 혼란한 정치 상황 중에 기묘사화와 신사무옥으로 인해 50평생을 궁벽한 곳의 축객으로 지내는 울울하고 쓸쓸한 삶을 살았다.<BR>  유배지에서 대부분 지어진 그의 시세계의 주제양상은 주로 ① 쓸쓸한 유배생활에서 느끼는 悲感과 혈육에 대한 간절한 그리움을 읊은시, ② 山中의 일상사를 읊으며 감회를 서술한 시, ③ 零落하는 노년기에 인생 回顧와 은거의 뜻을 표현한 것으로 정리할 수 있다.   This article is the review of the life of Youngcheonja Shin Jam and his poetic world that has been made through the new material of “The Successive Collection of Goryeongsego.” As one of the three most prominent persons of poem writing painting in the mid Joseon Dynasty, his ‘Ja’(a scholar’s nickname) is Wolliang while his ‘Ho’(another type of scholar’s nickname) is Youngcheonja or Acha mountain man and he is one of the great grandsons of Shin Sookjoo and a son of Shin­Jongho. (Note: Shin is their family name.)<BR>  In 1519, the 14th year of Joongjong (the King), he passed the examination of Hyeoliang­Class that was administered by Jo Gwangjo, but it was cancelled as a result of the Kimyo Year Massacre of Scholars. After that, due to the Sinsa Year False Imprisonment, he was exiled to Jangheung of Jeolla Province, where he had been living in exile for 17 years, and later he lived in hermitage in Acha­Mountain in Seoul.<BR>  For almost all his life, he was living without taking any government positions, however, later from his age of 53, he took such poor positions of government as Taein­Hyeungam, Ganseonghyeun Moksa, and Sangjoo Moksa and during this period, he could compile the Goryeongsego, which is the collection of works of the three generations of the Goryeong Shin’s families, namely, Shin Joo, Shin Jongho, and Shin Hang. Although he was one of the Goryeong Shin’s scholarly families, he lived a melancholy and lonely life of over 50 years as an abandoned guest at a remote place due to the Kimyo Year Massacre of Scholars and the Sinsa Year False Imprisonment in the midst of the confused political situation of the 16th century.<BR>  The aspects of his poems which had been created while he was living in exile may be summarized, mainly, to be ① poems describing the grief of the exiled life and the yearning for families, ② poems describing the emotion while reciting the day by day matters in the mountain, and ③ expressions of the meaning of retrospect and retirement of life at a down falling old age.

《해동명적》을 통해 본 조선 초기 서풍

유지복 국립문화재연구원 2019 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.52 No.1

이 논문은 《해동명적(海東名迹)》에 실린 필적을 분석하여 조선 초기 서풍의 흐름과 그 성격을 파악하기 위한 것이다. 《해동명적》은 16세기 초에 신공제(申公濟)가 간행한 서첩으로, 우리나라 역대 명필의 필적을 한데 모아놓은 최초의 집첩(集帖)이다. 필자는 선행연구에서 다양한 이본으로 남아 있는 목판본과 석판본의 간행 배경과 판본을 분석하였다. 이번 연구에서는 《해동명적》에 실린 조선 초기 필적의 서풍을 분석하는 데 주력하였다. 크게 두 부류로 나누어 관각 (館閣)의 문서를 담당했던 사수(寫手)들의 서풍과 고령신씨(高靈申氏) 집안에 가전(家傳)되어 오던 서풍의 변화상을 파악하고자 하였다. 그 결과 전통적인 왕희지 서풍이 건재한 가운데 원말 복고주의의 영향으로 파생된 다양한 서풍이 수용되었음을 확인하였다. 특히 서역 변방 출신 강리노노(康里巎巎)의 서풍이 폭넓게 수용된 흔적이 주목된다. 이는 으레 조맹부(趙孟頫)의 송설체(松雪體)로 대변되었던 여말선초에 실은 다양한 원대의 서풍이 유입되고 있었다는 징표이다. 마지막으로 『패관잡기』에 실린 어숙권(魚叔權)의 기록의 진위 여부를 추론해 보았다. 어숙권은 《해동명적》에 실린 박경의 필적이 실은 신자건이 쓴 것이라고 하였다. 그러나 어숙권의 출신과 정치적 입지를 기준으로 신자건과 박경의 관 계성을 분석한 결과 어숙권의 주장이 타당치 못하다는 결론에 이르렀다. The purpose of this paper is to understand characteristics and trends of calligraphy styles through the analysis of handwriting. Renowned Calligraphy of Korea (海東名迹, Haedong Myeongjeok ) is the first collection of famous Korean calligraphers’ masterpieces and was published by Shin Gongje (申公濟, 1469-1536) in the early sixteenth century. While my previous studies have focused on analyzing the publishing backgrounds of and differences among the wood block editions and stone-carved editions of the various remaining copies of Renowned Calligraphy of Korea , this study examines the calligraphy style in the early Joseon period as represented within the collection itself. This study tries to identify the aspects of style transitions among two categories of calligraphy: (1) the calligraphy style of scribes who were in charge of documentation in the central administrative institutions (館閣) and (2) the calligraphy style passed down among the Goryeong Shin clan (高靈申氏). This study verifies that various styles which emerged based on the influence of the revivalism of the late Yuan dynasty gained acceptance in the early Joseon period while the traditional Wang Xizhi style was still in use. The most notable revelation of this study is that the calligraphy style of Kangli Naonao (康里巎巎), a Yuan dynasty calligrapher from a remote region to the west of China, appears to have become acceptable during this period. Indeed, various Yuan dynasty styles were flowing into Korea during the late Goryeo and the early Joseon period that stand in contrast to Zhao Mengfu’s “pine-snow calligraphy style.” Finally, the authenticity of the Eo Sukguan (魚叔權)’s record in A Storyteller’s Miscellany (稗官雜記, Paegwanjapgi ) is reviewed in this study. Eo claims that writing attributed to Park Gyeong in Renowned Calligraphy of Korea was actually Shin Jageon’s. However, the analysis of the relationship between Shin and Park based on their backgrounds and their political positions suggests that Eo’s claim is not valid.

조선후기 사족의 출생과 사망

이기순 ( Ki Soon Lee ) 고려대학교 역사연구소 2005 사총 Vol.60 No.-

한말 일제초 청주지역 개화지식인들의 외부세계 소통과 지역 활동

김양식(Kim Yang-Sik) 한국사연구회 2006 한국사연구 Vol.135 No.-

The purpose of this study is to see how the intellectuals of Cheongju district interacted with outside the district around 1900 and what is the result of it. The large dividing ridge of Traditional Society to Modern Society of Cheongju district was Donghak farmers' revolution. Gabo reformation after Donghak farmers' revolution dissolved the Traditional Local Society and forced the local people to choose the new. The way district people interacted with outside was shown largely in two directions. First, was Adoptive Interaction Way. This kind of way was depended on what kind of relationship had made with the modern school or organization. In this case, most of them who acted were sons from families with vested rights. As like Gyu-Sik Shin, Chae-Geun Shin, Heung-Woo Shin, and Baeg-Woo Shin. Second, was Resistant Interaction way. This was the way that resisted the established society and interacted with the new after going through personal confusion. Most people of this case were the social and economical weak such as from the poor or illegitimate sons. People who interacted with outside and were on the road of their success, second case people did not come back to work in their hometown district because they did not have the local base ground to work on. On the other side, first case people came back to their hometown district and worked in a certain area because they had the local base ground to support them. However as Japan colonized Joseon Dynasty, the beginning of the current of the new and the possibility in Cheongju has blocked. As the result, the active interaction with the central government of enlightened intellectuals of Cheongju district in late Joseon Dynasty had stopped in 1910s. The interaction was only made in limited areas. It cased the regional limitation of Cheongju district in 1920s.

睨觀 申圭植의 국권회복운동 방략과 실천

박걸순 한국근현대사학회 2022 한국 근현대사 연구 Vol.103 No.-

Shin Gyu-sik(1880~1922) was a person who independently walked the path of independence in the Korean Empire and Japanese colonial era. However, there are some unresolved questions about his activities to restore national sovereignty before exile, and his exaggerated actions are reproduced without critical verification. For the first time, this paper investigated socioeconomic situations such as his land ownership relationship through analysis of the Japanese secret documents. There is an opinion that Mundong School was established in 1901 and Deoknam Sa-sook in 1903, but the analysis of the data confirmed that Mundong School was established in 1908. In addition, Deoknam Sa-sook confirmed that it was built in 1914 after Shin Se-sik and Shin Chae-ho defected, revealing that it had nothing to do with them. After the dissolution of the military, he launched a full-fledged national rights restoration campaign, including the education movement and the unemployment movement. Shin Gyu-sik deserves to be evaluated as a representative figure who sought the restoration of national sovereignty by mobilizing overall methodologies such as righteous army, educational salvation, and unemployment salvation during the Korean Empire. 睨觀 申圭植(1880~ 1922)은 대한제국과 일제강점기에 오롯이 자주독립의길을 걸은 인물이다. 그런데 그의 망명 이전 국권회복운동 활동에 대해 몇 가지해소되지 않은 의문이 있고, 과장된 행적이 비판적 검증 없이 재생산되는 실정이다. 본고는 처음으로 文義郡量案 의 분석을 통해 그의 토지소유 관계 등 사회경제적 상황을 규명하였다. 또한 漢城府戶籍 과 일제 비밀문서를 통해 그의 망명자금의 규모도 추산할 수 있었다. 특히 종래 그가 신채호, 신백우 등 이른바‘山東三才’와 함께 향리에 文東學院(1901), 德南私塾(1903)을 잇달아 설립하고강사로 활동하였다는 견해를 비판적으로 검토하여 문동학교는 1908년 5월 靈 川學契를 계기로 설립된 것으로 바로잡았다. 또한 덕남사숙은 1914년 폐교된문동학교의 교명을 변경한 것으로 확인하여 예관은 물론 단재의 활동과 전혀무관한 것임을 밝혔다. 군대해산 이후 예관은 본격적인 실업구국운동에 나섰다. 대한협회 실업부회원, 皇城廣業會社의 설립과 운영, 특히 1908년 9월 공업연구회 조직과 이듬해 사장 겸 발행인으로서 ≪工業界≫ 발간을 주도한 것은 특기할 만하다. 신규식은 대한제국 시기 의병, 교육구국, 실업구국 등 총체적 방법론을 동원하여 국권회복을 모색한 대표적 인물로 평가하여야 마땅하다.