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Ilavenil, Soundharrajan,Kim, Da Hye,Vijayakumar, Mayakrishnan,Srigopalram, Srisesharam,Roh, Sang Gun,Arasu, Mariadhas Valan,Lee, Jong Suk,Choi, Ki Choon BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH, SOCIETY OF BIOLOGY OF CHILE 2016 BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Vol.49 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>From ancient times, marine algae have emerged as alternative medicine and foods, contains the rich source of natural products like proteins, vitamins, and secondary metabolites, especially <I>Chlorella vulgaris</I> (<I>C. vulgaris</I>) contains numerous anti-inflammatory, antioxidants and wound healing substances. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is closely associated with adipogenesis and their factors. Hence, we aimed to investigate the chemical constituents and adipogenic modulatory properties of <I>C. vulgaris</I> in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>We analysed chemical constituents in ethanolic extract of <I>C. vulgaris</I> (EECV) by LC–MS. Results revealed that the EECV contains few triterpenoids and saponin compounds. Further, the effect of EECV on lipid accumulation along with genes and proteins expressions which are associated with adipogenesis and lipogenesis were evaluated using oil red O staining, qPCR and western blot techniques. The data indicated that that EECV treatment increased differentiation and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells, which indicates positive regulation of adipogenic and lipogenic activity. These increases were associated with up-regulation of PPAR-γ2, C/EBP-α, adiponectin, FAS, and leptin mRNA and protein expressions. Also, EECV treatments increased the concentration of glycerol releases as compared with control cells. Troglitazone is a PPAR-γ agonist that stimulates the PPAR-γ2, adiponectin, and GLUT-4 expressions. Similarly, EECV treatments significantly upregulated PPAR-γ2, adiponectin, GLUT-4 expressions and glucose utilization. Further, EECV treatment decreased AMPK-α expression as compared with control and metformin treated cells.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The present research findings confirmed that the EECV effectively modulates the lipid accumulation and differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells through AMPK-α mediated signalling pathway.</P>
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Lee, Eun-Gyeong,Lee, Sang-Ll,Chae, Han-Jung,Park, Seoung Ju,Lee, Yong Chul,Yoo, Wan-Hee Society of Biology of Chile 2010 BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Vol.43 No.2
<P>Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the effects of Ethyl acetate fraction from Cudrania tricuspidata (EACT) on the interleukin-1b (IL-1b)-induced proliferation of rheumatoid synovial fbroblasts (RASFs) and production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by RASFs. Materials and Methods: The proliferation of RASFs was evaluated with CCK-8 reagent in the presence of IL-1b with/without EACT. The expression of MMPs, TIMP-1, COXs, PGE2 and intracellular MAPK signalings, including p-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK and NF-kB were examined by immunoblotting or semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and ELISA in conditions as described above. Results: EACT inhibits IL-1β-induced proliferation of RASFs and MMP-1, 3, COX-2 mRNA and protein expression, PGE2 production induced with IL-1b. EACT also inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK-1/2, p38, JNK and activation of NF-kB by IL-1b. Conclusions: These results suggest that EACT might be involved in synovial fbroblast proliferation and MMPs, COX-2, and PGE2 production, which are involved in joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), indicating that this might be a new therapeutic modality for management of rheumatoid arthritis.</P>
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