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Guo, Hui-Fang,Wang, Myeong-Hyeon EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.89 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We investigated the anti-cancer activity and molecular mechanism of dichloromethane fraction (DCM-AH) of ethanolic extract from <I>Asiasarum heterotropoides</I> radix. The KB cancer cells and HEK293 cells were exposed to DCM-AH in the same condition and found the cell viability of KB cell decreased significantly while the HEK293 cell showed a slight reduction. This finding suggested DCM-AH performed an anti-cancer activity in a dose and time dependent manner. As evidence for the DCM-AH inhibited the proliferation via modulating the cell cycle, flow cytometry and Western blot were conducted, it induced cell S phase arrest by upregulation of p21, p53, and cyclin E1 along with the downregulation of cyclin A2 and D1. Besides, it inhibited the proliferation of KB cells by triggering apoptosis, the stimulation of 4μg/mL DCM-AH obviously induced DNA condensation with an apoptotic rate of 31.2%. Undergoing mechanism was detected by Western blot, the upregulated expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and -9 meantime downregulation of Bcl-2 explained it induced apoptosis by the intrinsic pathway.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Quinic acid inhibits vascular inflammation in TNF-α-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells
Jang, Seon-A,Park, Dae Won,Kwon, Jeong Eun,Song, Hae Seong,Park, Bongkyun,Jeon, Hyelin,Sohn, Eun-Hwa,Koo, Hyun Jung,Kang, Se Chan EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.96 No.-
<P> Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, and the increased expression of adhesion molecules on vascular smooth muscle cells contributes to the progression of vascular disease. Quinic acid (QA) has been shown to possess radioprotection, anti-neuroinflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities; however, an anti-vascular inflammatory effect has not been reported. This study investigated the effect of QA on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) stimulated by TNF-α in MOVAS cells. Pre-incubation of MOVAS cells, the mouse vascular smooth muscle cell line for 2 h with QA (0.1, 1 and 10 μg/mL) dose-dependently inhibits TNF-α-induced mRNA and protein expression of VCAM-1 and monocyte adhesion. QA inhibits TNF-α-stimulated phosphorylation of MAP kinase and NK-κB activation. Our results indicate that QA inhibits the TNF-α-stimulated induction of VCAM-1 in VSMC by inhibiting the MAP kinase and NF-κB signaling pathways and the adhesion capacity of VSMC, which may explain the ability of QA to inhibit vascular inflammation such as atherosclerosis. </P>
Ahn, Min Young,Hwang, Jung Seok,Ham, Sun Ah,Hur, Jinwoo,Jo, Yeonji,Lee, SangYoon,Choi, Mi-Jung,Han, Sung Gu,Seo, Han Geuk EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.93 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To investigate potential mechanisms underlying the bioactivity of hydrolyzed fish collagen, we examined the anti-inflammatory actions of subcritical water-hydrolyzed fish collagen (SWFC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammation and endotoxemia. SWFC markedly inhibited LPS-stimulated release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in murine RAW264.7 macrophages, along with decreased cytosolic translocation of HMGB1. Both the protein and mRNA levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were significantly upregulated in SWFC-treated RAW 264.7 cells in an Nrf2-dependent manner. In line with these effects of SWFC, both HO-1 siRNA and ZnPPIX (zinc protoporphyrin IX) actually attenuated the effects of SWFC on HMGB1 release stimulated by LPS, indicating a possible mechanism by which SWFC modulates HMGB1 release through HO-1 signaling. Notably, administration of SWFC improved the survival rates of LPS-injected endotoxemic mice, in which the serum level of HMGB1 was significantly reduced. Taken together, these results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activities of SWFC are achieved by inhibiting HMGB1 release induced by LPS in a HO-1-sensitive manner.</P>
Rodriguez, Isabel,Hong, Bin Na,Nam, Youn Hee,Kim, Eun Young,Park, Geun Ha,Ji, Min Gun,Kang, Tong Ho EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.93 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), noise exposure damages cochlear sensory hair cells, which lack the capacity to regenerate. Following noise insult, intense metabolic activity occurs, resulting in a cochlear free radical imbalance. Oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme alterations, including lipoxygenase upregulation, have been linked to chronic inflammation, which contributes to hearing impairment. We previously proposed <I>Scutellaria baicalensis</I> (SB) extract as an alternative therapeutic for preventing NIHL and attributed its pharmacological effects to baicalein. Although baicalein was most effective, its concentration in SB extract is much lower compared to baicalin. In this study, we performed enzymatic bioconversion using an Sumizyme (SM) enzyme to increase baicalein concentration in SB extract and consequently improve its therapeutic efficacy. HPLC analysis revealed that baicalein concentration in SB extract after bioconversion (BSB) was significantly increased. Moreover, BSB-treated mice exhibited significantly improved auditory function compared with control mice and tended to have improved auditory function compared with SB-treated mice. We also demonstrated that BSB effectively stimulates hair cell regeneration compared to SB that did not achieve the same effect in a zebrafish model. Finally, when compared the abilities of SB and BSB to inhibit lipoxygenase (LOX), BSB showed a greater efficacy. Cumulatively, our data suggest that BSB exhibits improved pharmacological properties for treating NIHL compared with SB.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Kim, S.,Chun, S.Y.,Kwon, Y.S.,Nam, K.S. EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2016 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.77 No.-
<P>Although many studies have implicated the crosstalk between the Wnt and PKC signaling pathways in tumor initiation and progression, the molecular roles of PKC isoforms in the Wnt signaling pathway remain poorly understood. In this study, we explored the contribution of PKC isoforms to canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathway in mediating cell migration and an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). When MCF-7 cells were treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for up to 3 weeks, the effect of TPA on Wnt signaling pathway was dramatically different depending on the exposure time. The short term exposure (3 days) of MCF-7 cells to TPA exhibited significant induction of Wnt5a expression, along with the enhanced expression of PKC-alpha, to promote cell migration, which suggested that activation of noncanonical Wnt signaling pathway is associated with PKC-alpha. However, the chronic exposure (3 weeks) of cells to TPA completely suppressed Wnt5a expression and the expression of PKC-eta and PKC-delta, whereas the expression of Wnt3a and PKC-theta were up-regulated to activate the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Moreover, the loss of epithelial markers, including E-cadherin and GATA-3, suggested that chronic exposure of TPA stimulates EMT. Taken together, our data suggest that PKC-theta positively regulates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, and that PKC-eta and PKC-delta negatively modulate this signaling pathway. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.</P>
Hwang, D.,Jo, H.,Hwang, S.,Kim, J.K.,Kim, I.H.,Lim, Y.H. EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.85 No.-
<P>Conclusion: OXY stimulates the expression of TFF3 in goblet cells, which might increase the integrity of the intestinal tight junction barrier. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</P>
Ha, Byung Geun,Moon, Deok-Soo,Kim, Hyeon Ju,Shon, Yun Hee EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2016 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.83 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recent studies showed that deficiencies of essential minerals including Mg, Ca, and K, and trace minerals including Se, Zn, and V, have implications for the development, prevention, and treatment of several chronic diseases including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Our previous studies revealed that balanced deep-sea water (BDSW), which is composed of desalinated water enriched with Mg and Ca, has potential as a treatment for diabetes and obesity. In this study, to determine whether BDSW regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and function, we investigated its effects on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, mitochondrial enzyme activity, expression of key transcription factors and mitochondria-specific genes, phosphorylation of signaling molecules associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial function in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. BDSW increased mitochondrial biogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that BDSW enhances expression of PGC1-α, NRF1, and TFAM genes. Upregulation of these genes was supported by increased mitochondria staining, CytC oxidase activity, and AMPK phosphorylation. The stimulatory effect of BDSW on mitochondrial biogenesis and function suggests a novel mechanism for BDSW-induced anti-diabetic and anti-obesity action.</P>
Choi, Eun-Ju,Debnath, Trishna,Tang, Yujiao,Ryu, Young-Bae,Moon, Sang-Ho,Kim, Eun-Kyung EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2016 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.84 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P> <I>Moringa oleifera</I> (<I>M. oleifera</I>) is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions and has been used as a vegetable and in traditional medicine. In this study, the anti-atopic dermatitis activity of the ethanol extract of <I>M. oleifera</I> leaf was investigated <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo.</I> </P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>For the <I>in vitro</I> study, HaCaT human keratinocytes were used for cytokines and MAPKinase assay. In the <I>in vivo</I> study, <I>M. oleifera</I> leaf ethanolic extract (MO) was topically applied to BALB/c mice with <I>Dermatophagoides farinae</I> extract (DFE; house dust mite extract)- and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD).</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The expression of TNF-α, CCL17, IL-1β, IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokine-related mRNA, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HaCaT keratinocytes were reduced by MO. Epidermal and dermal ear thickness, mast cell infiltration, serum immunoglobulin levels, as well as gene expression of various cytokines in the ear tissue, lymph nodes, and splenocytes were improved by treatment with MO. In addition, MO reduced the expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γT (RORγT), thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and mannose receptor (CD206) mRNA in the ear tissue and improved cervical lymph node size.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>The results of this study strongly suggest the beneficial effects of MO on AD via the regulation of inflammatory responses.</P>
Herath, Kalahe Hewage Iresha Nadeeka Madushani,Bing, So Jin,Cho, Jinhee,Kim, Areum,Shin, Sumin,Kim, Gi-Ok,Lee, Jong-chul,Jee, Youngheun EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER 2016 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.83 No.-
<P><B>Abstract<ce:cross-ref refid='fn0005'> <SUP>2</SUP> </ce:cross-ref> </B></P> <P>Dangyuja (<I>Citrus grandis</I> Osbeck), a citrus cultivated in southern Korea, has been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of extract of <I>Citrus grandis</I> Osbeck (ECGO). In <I>in vitro</I> assays, ECGO treatment of concanavalin A (10μg/ml, for 24h) stimulated splenocytes showed significant reduction in CD44/CD62L<SUP>+</SUP> T cell population and a marked decrease in the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-4. Interestingly, <I>in vivo</I> assays of ECGO topical treatment (100μg/20μl/ear) significantly mitigated the TPA (4μg/20μl/ear) induced edema induction and Myeloperoxidase activity. Anti-inflammatory potential of ECGO were further evidenced through its potent decrease in expression of inducible nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1β and TNF-α and suppressed homing of CD3<SUP>+</SUP> T cells and F4/80<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages to site of inflammation. This study emphasizes the possibility of developing ECGO as an alternative natural topical agent to combat inflammatory diseases.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Anti-inflammatory potentials of citrus Dangyuja. </LI> <LI> Topical treatment of ECGO attenuates skin edema. </LI> <LI> ECGO down regulates the pro-inflammatory mediators; iNOS and COX2 to site of inflammation. </LI> </UL> </P>